英语语法与写作——短文改写

二、Passage rewriting1. Our neighbor is Captain Charles Alison. He will sail from Portsmouth. The time is tomorrow. We'll meet him. The place is at the harbor. We will do that early in the morning. He will be in his boat. It is small. It is called Topsail. Topsail is a famous little boat. It has sailed across the Atlantic many times. Captain Alison will set out. He will do that at eight o'clock. We'll have plenty of time. We'll see his boat, then we'll say goodbye to him. He will be away for two months. We are very proud of him. He will take part in an race. The race is important. It is across the Atlantic.2..We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made inGermany. It was made in 1681. We keep our clavichord in the living room. Our family has it for a long time. My grandfather bought the instrument many years ago. Recently a visitor damaged it. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard. She broke two of the strings. My father was shocked. Now he does not allow us to touch it. A friend of my father's is repairing it now.3. My daughter is called Jane. She never dreamed of receiving a letter. The letter was from a girl. She is of her own age. She lives in Holland. Last year, we were traveling across the Channel. Jane wrote her name and address on a piece of paper. She put it into a bottle. She threw the bottle into the sea. She never thought of it again. Ten months later, she received a letter. It came from a girl. She was in Holland. Both girls write to each other regularly now. They have decided to use the post office. Letters will cost a little more. Letters will certainly travel faster.had an experience last year. It was amusing. I had left a small village. It was in the south of France. I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped. He asked me for a lift. He had got into the car. I said good morning to him. I used French. He replied. He used French too. I only know a few words. I do not know any French at all. He and I did not speak during the journey. I had nearly reached the town. The young man suddenly said,”do you speak English?” His speaking was vely slow. I soon learnt, He was English himself.5. Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport. I can hear the passing planes night and day. They built airport years ago. For some reason they could not use it then. Last year, they used it later. The noise must drive people away. Over a hundred of them have left from their homes. Few people did not move. I am one of them. A passing plane will knock down this house. Sometimes I think so. They offered a large sum of money to me. They wanted me to go away. I am determined to stay here.I must be mad. Everybody says so. They are probably right.had lunch at a village pub. After that I looked for my bag. I had left it on a chair. The chair was beside the door. Now it wasn't there! I looked for it. The landlord came in.He asked 'Did you have a good meal?".I answered 'Yes, thank you. I can't pay the bill. I haven't got my bag.'The landlord smiled. He immediately went out. In a few minutes he returned. He had my bag in his hand. He gave it back to me. He said 'I'm very sorry. My dog had takenin into the garden. He often does this!7. Fishing is my favorite spo rt. I often fish for hours. I don’t catch anything.I don’t worry about this. Some fishermen are unlucky. They don’t catching fish, they catch old boots. They catch rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything.I do not even catch old boots. I have spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home. I always have an empty bag. My friends say ‘you must give up fishing!’ ‘It’s a waste of time.’ They don’t realize one important thing. I’m not really interested in fishing. I am interested in sitting in a boat, I am interested in doing nothing at all!8. Jimmy Gates was a circus owner. Last Christmas, he decided to take some gifts. He went to a children’s hospital. He was dressed up as Father Christmas. Six pretty girls accompanied him. Then, he set off. He rode a baby elephant. He went down the main street of the city. The elephant was called Jumbo. The police would not allow him to do this. He should know that. A policeman came over. He told Jimmy. He should go along a side street. Jumbo was holding up the traffic. Jimmy agreed to go at once. Jumbo would not like to go. Fifteen policemen pushed hard. They wanted to move him away from the main street. The police had a difficult time. They felt interesting.A policeman afterwards said, “Jumbo must be a few tons. It was lucky that we needn’tcarry him. Certainly, we should arrest him. He has a good record. We shall forgive him this time.”9. In Japan, people hold a festival for the Dead. They have it one time each year. It is a cheerful occasion. On this day, people say the dead will return back to his home. The living welcomes them. They take a long journey, people expect they are hungry. They lie out food for them. People make special lanterns. People hang these lanterns outside each house, they do this help the dead find their way. People dance and sing a whole night. On the early morning, people throw the food into the river and into the sea, these food is they laid out for the dead. People think these food is unluck for any living one eat. In those near the sea towns, after the festive is over, people place the tiny lanterns into the water, these lanterns are they hanged in the streets the before night. Thousands lanterns slow drift out to sea, they guide the dead on their return journey to the other world. This is a moving spectacle. Crowds of people stand on the shore, they watch the lanterns drift away, at last they can be seen no more.10. The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. It is 2,473 meters high. it is the highest mountain pass in Europe. The monastery of St. Bernard is famous. People set it up in eleventh century. It lies about a mile away. For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travelers. These travelers were crossing the Pass. The Pass was dangerous. These dogs were friendly. People first brought them from Asia. People used them as watchdogs. They did so even in Roman times. They built a tunnel. It was through the mountains. The Pass is less dangerous. Each year, people still sent the dogs out into the snow. At any time a traveler is in difficulty. There is the new tunnel. There are still a few people. They attempt to cross the Pass. They rashly did so. They are on foot.The monastery is very busy during the summer months. Thousands of people visit it. They cross the Pass in cars. There are so many people about. They have to keep the dogs in a enclosure. the enclosure is special. In winter, life is quite different. The life is at the monastery. The temperature drops to ?30°. There are very few people. They attempt to cross the Pass. The monks like summer. The monks are more like winter. They have more privacy. The dogs have greater freedom. People allowed them to wander outside their enclosure. Parties of skiers are the only visitors. They visit the monastery regularly. They do so in winter. They go there at Christmas. They go there at Easter. They are young people. They love the peace of mountains. The monks always give them a warm welcome at St. Bernard's monastery.11. Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in small village. It was in the south of Greece, it named Parachora. One of Mary’s most precious possessions was a white lamb. It was her husband to give her. During the day, Mary tied the lamb to a tree in the field. Every night she pulled it back. However, one evening the lamb was gone. Someone cut the rope. It was clear that someone stole it. Dimitri came back from the field. His wife told him about it. He went out at once, he wanted to find the man who stole his lamb. He knew it well, in such a small village catching the thief was not difficult at all. He told it to his several friends. He found his neighbor, Aleko, suddenly had a new lamb. Dimitri went to Aleko’s house immediately. He was angry. He accused him to steal his lamb. He told him had better give it back to him. If not, he would go to call police. Aleko didn’t confess. He led Dimitri to the yard. It was all right. He had just bought a new lamb. Aleko explained, he said that his lamb was black. Dimitri felt sorry for his boldness. He apologized to Aleko. He said he accused him wrongly. Just when they talked. The sky began to rain. So Dimitri stayed at Aleko’s house to avoid rain. He waited and waited. The rain stopped. Half an hour later, he came out of the house. He was surprised. He found the whole body of the black lamb almost turned into white. The hair of the lamb was dyed black. Now it was washed out clean by the rain.12..The Statue of Liberty is one of the most famous monuments in the world. In the nineteenth century, the people of France presented to the United States of America. The statue was great. Auguste Bartholdi designed it. He took ten years to complete it. He used copper to make the actual figure. He used a metal framework to support it. The framework was Eiffel especially constructed. They transported it to the United States. Before this, they had to find a site for the statue. They had to build a pedestal for it. They chose a site. It was an island. It was at the entrance of New York Harbour. By 1884, they erected a statue in Paris. It was 151 feet tall. In the following year, they took it to pieces. They sent it to America. By the end of 1886 October, they put the statue together again. Bartholdi officially presented it to the American people. Ever since then, it was a symbol for the millions of people. They passed through New York Harbour. They wanted to make their homes in America.13. The prisoner of war killed the guard. He dragged quickly him into the bushes. He worked rapidly in the darkness. Soon he changed into the dead man’s clothes. Now, the prisoner dressed in a blue uniform. He carried a rifle over his shoulder. He marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing. Men were running here and there. They had just discovered. A prisoner escaped. At that moment, a large car stopped at the camp gates. There were four officers inside the car. The officers got out. The prisoner stood to attention. They passed. He saluted. They had gone. The driver of the car came towards him. He was clear wanted to talk. He was rather elderly. He had grey hair. He had clear blue eyes. The prisoner feltsorry for him. There was no other thing he could do. The man came near. The prisoner used a sharp blow. He knocked the man to the ground. Then he jumped into the car. He drove off as quickly as he could did.was a great ship. On April 10th, 1912, it sailed for New York from Southampton. 1,316 passengers and 891 crew were on the ship. It had 46,000 ton. Even by modern standard, it was a huge one. People had built many ships. Titanic was the largest ship at that time. They thought it unsinkable. She had sixteen watertight compartments. Two of these were filled with water. It could still float. People will always remember the terrible sinking of the great ship. It sank on its first voyage. Life lost heavily. It set out. On the forth day, the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic. A lookout suddenly discovered a great iceberg. He gave an alarm immediately. The ship turned sharply. It hoped to avoid colliding with the iceberg face to face. It turned in time. It narrowly missed the great wall of ice. The wall was more than 100 feet above the sea. Suddenly, people heard a trembling sound from below. The sound was slight. The captain went down to see the problem. The noise was very little. No one thought the ship had been destroyed. On the bottom of the ship, the captain was horrified to see this. The Titanic was sinking fast. Five of its sixteen watertight compartments had already been filled with water. He gave an order. They wanted to give up the ship. Many people jumped into the water. The water was icy. Not enough lifeboats for all passengers. 1,500 people died.long ago, on the Aegean island of Kea, archaeologists made an interesting discovery. There was a temple in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. An American team explored it. The city must be prosperous for a period of time. It once had a high level of civilization. Houses generally had three storeys high. They were made of stone. Rooms inside were very big. Walls were decorated beautifully. The city even laid out a drainage system. Under the narrow streets, people found a lot of pipes. They were made of earth. The archaeologists explored the temple. People used the temple for prey and worship from the fifteenth century . to Roman times. In the most holy room of the temple, people found pieces of fifteen statues. They all were made of earth. Each of them stood for a goddess. Once they were painted. Among them there was a statue. People found its body among the historic relics of the fifteenth century and its head among the relics of the fifth century. Its head must be found in Classic times and they protected it delicately. Even in those days, it was still a very precious thing of long history. Archaeologists put these broken pieces together again. They were surprised to find. The goddess looked very modern. She had three feet high. Her hands placed on her hips. She wore a long dress. The dress touched the ground. Although she was old, her body was elegant indeed. However, up to now archaeologists can not make sure who she was.Millriver is a tiny village. Someone says it possesses a tree. The tree is cursed. Someone mentioned the tree in a newspaper. People visit Millriver. The number has now increased. The tree near a church. Someone planted it fifty years ago. It is only in recent years. It has gained an evil reputation. People say that anyone touches the tree will have bad luck, picks a leaf will die. The tree has already claimed a number of victims. Many villagers believe. They has been asked the vicar to ask others cut down the tree. Up to now he has refused. He has pointed out. The tree is a useful source. People can get income from it. Tourists have been coming to see it. They are from all parts of the country. People all said that. The tourists have been picking leaves and cutting their names on the tree-trunk. Up to now, there are no men has been struck down by sudden death!答案：The tiny village of Frinley is said to possess a 'cursed tree'. Because the tree was mentioned in a newspaper, the number of visitors to Frinley has now increased. The tree was planted near the church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has gained an?evil?reputation. It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if he picks a leaf, he will die. Many villagers believe that the tree has already claimed a number of victims. The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused. He has?pointed?out that the tree is a usefulcutting their names on the tree-trunk. So far, not one of them has been struck down by sudden death!答案：1. Our neighbor, Captain Charles Alison, will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow. We'll meet him at the harbor early in the morning. He will be in his boat, Topsail. Topsail is a famous little boat since It has sailed across the Atlantic many times. Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock so We'll have plenty of time to see his boat and then we'll say goodbye to him. He will be away for two months to take part in an important race across the Atlantic. We are very proud of him.2. We have an old musical instrument called clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681. It was kept in the living room. It belongs to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor who tried to play jazz on it. She struck the keys so hard that broke two of the strings. My father was so shocked that now he does not allow us to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's now.3. My daughter Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland. Last year, when we were traveling across the Channel. Jane threw into the sea a bottle into which she put a piece of paper with her name and address on it. She never thought of it again. Ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in Holland. Both girls write to each other regularly now but they have decided to use the post office. Letters will cost a little more but ther will certainly travel faster.4. I had an amusing experience last year. After I had left a small village in the south of France,I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me for a lift and I stopped. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French, he replied in the same language. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us speak during the journey. When I had nearly reached the town, The young man said slowly with a sudden,”do you speak English?”I soon learnt that he was English himself.5. Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and the passing planes can be heard night and day. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be use then. Last year, it came into use. Over a hundred of people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I was offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad. They are probably right.6. After I had had lunch at a village pub, I looked for my bag, I had left it on a chair beside“Yes, thank you.” I answered“I can't pay the bill, I haven't got my bag.”With a smiled, he immediately went out. In a few minutes he returned with my bag in his hand and he gave it back to me. “I'm very sorry.” He said “My dog had taken it into the garden. He often does this!”7. Fishing is my favorite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this dose not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish.I am even less lucky. I never catch anything——not even old boots. After I have spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. “you must give up fishing!”My friends say “It’s a waste of time.” They don’t realize one important thing. I’m not really interested in fishing.I am interested in sitting in a boat without doing anything at all!8. Last Christmas, Jimmy Gates, a circus owner, decided to take some gifts to a children’s hospital. Dressed up as Father Christmas and accompanied by six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city riding a baby elephant called Jumbo. He should have known that the police would not allow him to do this. A policeman came over and told Jimy he should go along a side street as Jumbo was holding up the traffic. Jimmy agreed to go at once, but Jumbo would not like to go. Fifteen policemen pushed hard to move him away from the main street. The police had a difficult time but they felt interesting. "Jumbo must be a few tons," a policeman afterwards said, “It was lucky that we needn’t carry him. Certainly, we should arrest him. He has a good record. We shall forgive him this time."9. In Japan, a festival for the Dead is held once a year. It is a cheerful occasion as on this day, the dead is said to return to his home and he is welcomed by the living. After a long journey, they are expected to be hungry. Food is laid out for them. Specially-made lanterns are hung outside each house to help the dead find their way. People dance and sing a whole night long. On the early morning, the food which for the dead was thrown into the river and into the sea as food is thought unluck for any living one eat those towns near the sea, after the festive is over, the tiny lanterns that are hung in the streets the night before are placed into the water. Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea, guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world. This is a moving spectacle: crowds of people stand on the shore, watching the lanterns drifting away until at last they can be seen no more.10. Connecting Switzerland to Italy, The Great St. Bernard Pass at 2473 meters, is the highest mountain pass in Europe. The famous monastery of St. Bernard which was set up in eleventh century, lies about a mile away. For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travelers who were crossing the dangerous Pass. These friendly dogs, first brought from Asia, were used as watchdogs even in Roman times. As a tunnel had been built through the mountains, the Pass is lessPass on foot.The monastery is very busy during the summer months. Thousands of people visit it, crossing the Pass in cars. As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. The. In winter, life is quite different at the monastery. When the temperature drops to ?30°, there are very few people who attempt to cross the Pass. The monks prefer winter to summer for they have more privacy.The dogs have greater freedom since they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure. The only regularly visitors are parties of skiers who the monastery in winter and go there at Christmas and at Easter. There young people who love the peace of mountains are always give a warm welcome at St. Bernard's monastery by the monks.11. Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in small village, Parachora, in the south of Greece. One of Mary’s most precious possessions was a white lamb which was given by her husband.During the day, Mary tied the lamb to a tree in the field and every night she pulled it back. However, one evening the lamb was gone. The rope was cut so it was clear that it was stole.When Dimitri came back from the field, his wife told him what had happened. He went out at once to find the thief. He knew that in such a small village catching the thief was not difficult at all. After he told it to his several of his friends, he found his neighbor, Aleko, suddenly got a new lamb. Dimitri went to Aleko’s house immediately and accused angrily him of stealling his lamb. He told him he had better give it back to him. or he would go to call police. Aleko didn’t confess. He led Dimitri to the yard. It was true that he had just bought a new lamb. Aleko explained that his lamb was black. Sorry for his boldness. Dimitri apologized to Aleko for accusing him wrongly. Just when they talked, It began to rain. So Dimitri stayed at Aleko’s house until the rain stopped. Half an hour later, he came out of the house and he was surprised to found the black lamb almost turned into white. The wool of the lamb which had been dyed black, now was washed clean by the rain.12. The Statue of Liberty, one of the most famous monuments in the world，was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. The great statue which was designed by Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. The actual figure was made of copper supported it by metal framework which was especially constructed by Eiffel. Before it was transported to the United States, a site had to be found for the statue and a pedestal had to be built. The site chosen was a island at the entrance of New York Harbour. By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall was erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken into pieces and sent to America. By the end of 1886 October, the statue was put together again and was officially presented it to the American people by Bartholdi. Ever since then, it was a symbol for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.in the darkness, s oon he changed into the dead man’s clothes. Now, dressed in a blue uniform with a rifle over his shoulde, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there; they had just discovered the prisoner had escaped. At that moment, a large car with four officers inside it stopped at the camp gates. When the officers got out, the prisoner stood to attention and saluted when they passed. After they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. It was clear that he wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. The prisoner felt sorry for him for there was nothing else he could do. The man came near, the prisoner knocked the man to the ground by a sharp blow. Then jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.14. Titanic, a great ship, sailed for New York from Southampton with1316 passengers and 891 crew on it on April 10th, 1912. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a huge one. Titanic was one of the largest ship that had been built at that time and it was thought unsinkable because she had sixteen watertight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, it could still float. The terrible sinking of the great ship will be always be remembered for its first voyage with heavy loss of life.The forth day after it set out while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a great iceberg was suddenly discovered by a lookout. After an alarm was given immediately, the ship turned sharply to avoid colliding with the iceberg divectly. It turned in time, narrowly missed the great wall of ice which wall was more than 100 feet above the sea. Suddenly, a slight trembling sound was heard from below. The captain went down to see what had happened. As the noise was very little., no one thought the ship had been destroyed. On the bottom of the ship, the captain was horrified to see this taht The Titanic was sinking fast because five of its sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded. He gave an order to give up the ship. Many people jumped into the ice water because there were not enough lifeboats for all passengers. 1,500 people died.15. Not long ago, on the Aegean island of Kea, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists. An American team explored a temple in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. The city must been prosperous for a period of time for It once had a high level of civilization. Houses generally, three storeys high were made of stone. Rooms inside were very big with beautifully-decorated walls. The city even laid out a drainage system. because under the narrow streets, a lot of cley pipes were found. The temple which was explored by the archaeologists was used for prey and worship from the fifteenth century . until Roman times. In the most holy room of the temple, pieces of fifteen status were found which were made of earth, standing for goddess and once they were painter. Among them there was a statue. Its body was found among the historic relics of the fifteenth century and its head among the relics of the fifth century in Classic times and was protected delicately. Even in those days, it was still a very precious thing of long history. After archaeologists put these broken pieces together again. They were surprised to find that the goddess looked very modern. She was three feet high which her hands on her hips. She wore a long dress which touched the ground. Although she was old, her body was elegant indeed. However, up to now archaeologists can not make sure who she was.。