英国文学和美国文学(八级)
《专八英美文学知识》课件
的作品，了解这个时期的文学革命。
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2 0世纪文学
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了解现代主义和后现代主义对英美文学 产生的影响，并研究20世纪的权威作家。
古代文学
从古代民间故事到史诗诗歌，探索英美 文学的根源和起源。
1 9世纪文学
探索浪漫主义、现实主义和自然主义等 19世纪文学的关键特点和作家。
重要作家与作品
威廉·莎士比亚
探索莎士比亚的戏剧作品，如《哈姆雷特》和《罗 密欧与朱丽叶》。
3 超自然和奇幻
欣赏奇幻文学和超自然元素在作品中的运用，从魔法到神话传说。
经典文学解读
通过深入解读经典文学作品，如《1984》和《傲慢与偏见》，探究其深层含 义和与现实世界的关联。
总结
总结各个部分的主要内容，并鼓励听众进一步探索英美文学的魅力和多样性。
《专八英美文学知识》 PPT课件
在这个PPT课件中，我们将深入探讨英美文学的各个方面，从概述到重要作家 与作品，再到文学主题与风格，以及经典文学的解读。
标题
在文学中，一个好的标题可以吸引读者的注意力，并传达出作品的主要思想和情感。融入创意和挑逗性元素， 将读者吸引到故事中。
导言
引言
通过一个引人入胜的故事或悲观的民谣，引导听众进入《傲慢与偏见》和 《理智与情感》。
欧内斯特·海明威
研究海明威的小说，如《老人与海》和《别了，武 器》。
托尼·莫里森
探索莫里森的作品，如《宠儿》和《云图》。
文学主题与风格
1 爱与悲伤
探索文学中关于爱情和失落的主题，以及不同作家对这些主题的表现方式。
2 社会批判
研究文学作品中对社会不公和不平等的批判，以及作家对这些问题的态度。
背景
简要介绍英美文学的背景和意义，以及与文化和历史的关联。
英语八级英美文学整理
美国文学第一阶段独立革命之前（十七世纪中期之前）（before the revolution of independence）第一节美国本土文学（美国印第安传统文学）印第安传统文学的主要内容和形式：在各种典仪上咏颂的祝词，在劳作中吟唱的歌曲，时代交口相传的部落神话故事和英雄故事，刻写在山河岩壁上的象形史诗。
第二节北美殖民时期文学（十六世纪末-----十七世纪中）（colonial settlement）这一时期的文学作品主要是一些英国的殖民地官员或者传道士、冒险家们以日记或游记等形式记录的新大陆的风土人情、自然景色和民间生活等。
John Smith 约翰·史密斯《关于弗吉尼亚的真实叙述》A True Relation of Virginia（被认为是美国文学史上的“第一部作品”）第三节请教思想的表述（Puritanism）他们的作品主要是以传布清教主义思想的布道文为主第二阶段独立革命时期（十七世纪中期-------十八世纪末）（around the revolution of independence）独立革命前后的美国文学，标志着北美文学产生后的第一次大转折该期文学特色：充满浓烈的政治性和思辨性。
主题多为爱国主义及对于独立民主自由的热切呼唤。
Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林《穷查理历书》Poor Richard’s Almanac《自传》The AutobiographyThomas Paine 托马斯·潘恩《常识》Common Sense 《美国危机》The America Crisis《人的权利》Rights of Human《理性时代》The Age of ReasonPhilip Freneau 菲利普·弗伦诺（18世纪最杰出的美国诗人，被誉为“the poet of the American revolution）《英国囚船》The British Prison Ship 《美国的荣耀蒸蒸日上》The Rising Glory of America《印第安人殡葬地》（lyric）The Indian Burying Ground 《野金银花》The Wild Honey Suckle第三阶段浪漫主义时期（18世纪末---19世纪中后期）（American Romanticism）该时期主题多为传统文化与现代文明之间的冲突、“对久远与遥远故事的兴趣”以及对死亡、潜意识的剖析等。
(完整版)TEM8英语专八英美文学
英国文学 (English Literature )一、Old and Medieval English Literature 中古英语文学(8 世纪-14 世纪)1) The Old English Period / The Anglo-Saxon Period古英语时期(449-1066)A.Pagan poetry (异教诗歌): Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》 - 最早的诗歌；长诗 (3000 行) heroism & fatalism & Christian qualitiesthe folk legends of the primitive northern tribes; a heroic Scandinavian epic legend; 善恶有报B.Religious poetry: Caedmon (凯德蒙 610-680) : 《赞美诗》( Anthem) ,大多取材余《圣经》 (Bible )故事。
Cynewulf (基涅武甫 9C): 《十字架之梦》 ( Dream of the Rood)C.Anglo-Saxon prose : Venerable Bede (673-735) 《英吉利人教会史》 (Historian Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum )Alfred the Great (848-901)Father of English Prose 《盎格鲁 -撒克逊编年史》 ( Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ) 2) The Medieval Period 中世纪(1066-ca.1485 / 1500):Cavalier literature 骑士文学A. Romance 中世纪传奇故事(1200-1500): the Middle Ages; 英雄诗歌Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 《高文爵士与绿色骑士》 : Celtic legend; verse-romance; 2530 lines Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400): the father of English poetry; Heroic couplet( 英雄双韵体 )The Canterbury Tales; The Parliament of Fowls ；The Book of the DuchessThe House of Fame; Troilus and Criseyde; The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰罗曼史》William Langland (朗兰 1332-1400)： The Vision of Piers Plowman 《农夫皮尔斯之幻象》B. English ballads ( 15th C) Thomas Malory (1395-1471) : Morte d ' Arthu《r亚瑟王之死》 - 圆桌骑士二、The Renaissance Period英国文艺复兴(1500-1660) :人文主义 humanism; 十四行诗 Sonnets; 无韵诗 Blank verse; 戏剧 Drama; 斯宾塞诗体 Spenserian ；University Wits 大学才子派1)诗歌a.Thomas Wyatt ( 怀亚特 1503-1542): the first to introduce the sonnet into English literatureb.Sir Philip Sidney (雪尼爵士 1554-1586) ：代表了当时的理想 - “the complete man ”Defense of Poetry《为诗辩护》 Astrophel and Stella 《爱星者与星》 ;Arcadia 《阿卡狄亚》 : a prose romance filled with lyrics; a forerunner of the modern worldc. Edmund Spenser （斯宾塞 1552-1599 ）: the poets ' poetThe Shepherd Calendar《牧人日历》； Amoretti《爱情小唱》The Faerie Queen《仙后》： long poem for Queen Elizabeth; Allegory - nine-line verse stanza/ the SpenserianStanza Spenserian Stanza（斯宾塞诗体）: Nine lines, the first eight lines is in iambic（抑扬格）pentameter（五步诗）, and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter（六步诗） line.2）散文a.Thomas More （莫尔 1478-1535）: 欧洲早期空想社会主义创始人 Utopia《乌托邦》 : More 与海员的对话b.John Lyly （黎里 1553-160，散文家，剧作家 & 小说家）： Eupheus《尤菲绮斯》Euphuism（夸饰文体）: Abundant use of balanced sentences, alliterations（头韵） and other artificial prosodic（韵律） means.The use of odd similes（明喻） and comparisonsc. Francis Bacon （培根 1561-1626）：Essays（论说文集）： Of Studies, Of Love, Of Beauty: the first true English prose classicPhilosophical : New Instrument《新工具》 New Atlantis 《新大溪岛》 Advancement of Learning《学术的推进》 Professionals : Maxims of the Law 《法律格言》3）戏剧a. Christopher Marlowe : University Wits 大学才子派First made blank verse（无韵诗：不押韵的五步诗） the principle instrument of English drama The Jew of Malta 《马耳他的犹太人》The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus 《浮士德博士的悲剧》：根据德国民间故事书写成 ; 完善了无韵体诗。
英语专业八级英国文学知识总结
英语专业八级英国文学知识总结1 Old and Medieval Period1-1 the Anglo-Saxon PeriodBeowulfCaedmon –Caedmon’s HymnCynewulf – The Fates of the Apostles, Juliana, Elene1-2 the Middle English PeriodSir Gawain and the Green KnightThomas Marlory –Le Morte D’Arthur (The Death of King Arthur)William Langland – Piers the PlowmanGeoffrey Chaucer –The Canterbury T ales1-3 the 15th CenturyThe Robin Hood Ballads2 The Renaissance Period2-1 poemThomas WyattHenry HowardSir Philip Sidney – Astrophel and Stella, Apology for Poetry Edmund Spencer –The Shephearde’s Calendar, Epithalamion, The Faerie Queene 2-2 proseThomas More – UtopiaFrancis Bacon – A History of the Life and Reign of King Henry Ⅶ, The Advancement of Learning, Essays(Of Studies, Of Travel, Of Wisdom), The New AtlantisJohn Lyly—Eupheus2-3 dramaChristopher Marlowe –Tamburlaine, The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus, The Jew of MaltaWilliam Shakespeare – Comedies:A Midsummer Night’s Dr eam, As You Like It, Merchant ofVenice, The Twelfth NightTragedies:Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, The TempestHistorical plays:Henry Ⅳ, HenryⅤLong narrative poems:Venus and Adonis, The Rape of LucreceBen Johnson – V olpone3 The Period of Revolution and Restoration3-1 poets in Revolutionary PeriodJohn Milton –Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained, Samson AgonistesJohn Donne – The Sun Rising, The Songs and Sonnets, Holy Sonnets, A Hymn to God the Father, Death, Be not Proud, A Valediction: ForbiddingMourningGeorge Herbert – The Altar, Easter Wings3-2 prose writers in Revolutionary PeriodJohn Bunyan –The Pilgrim’s Progress, Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners, The Life and Death of Mr. Badman, The Holy War3-3 writers in RestorationJeremy Collier – A Short View of the Immorality and Profaneness of the English StageJohn Dryden –The Hind and the Panther, All for Love, Absalom and Achitophel, An Essay of Dramatic Poesy4 The Age of Enlightenment4-1 writers of Neo-ClassicismAlexander Pope – An Essay on Criticism, The Rape of the Lock, Essay on Man Richard SteeleJoseph Addison – The Tattler, The SpectatorSamuel Johnson – The Dictionary of the English Language, The Lives of English Poets4-2 writers of Realistic TraditionDaniel Defoe –Robinson Crusoe, Captain Singleton, Colonel Jacque, Moll FlandersJonathan Swift – A Tale of a Tub, Predictions for the Year 1708, Vindication ofIsaac Bickerstaff, Gulliver’s Travels, The Drapier’s Letters, A Modest ProposalHenry Fielding – Plays:The Welsh Opera, Don Quixote in England, Pasqin, The HistoricalRegister for the Year 1736Novels:Joseph Andrew, Jonathan Wild and Great, The History of Tom Jones, a Founding, Amelia4-3 writers of Sentimental TraditionSamuel Richardson –Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded, Clarissa Harlowe, SirRichardson’s GrandisonLaurence Sterne – Tristram Shandy, A Sentimental JourneyOliver Goldsmith –The Traveler, The Deserted Village, The Vicar of Wakefield Thomas Gray –Elegy Written in a Country Church YardEdward Young – From Night Thoughts4-4 English dramaJohn Gay –The Beggar’s OperaRichard Brinsley Sheridan –The Rivals, The School for Scandal5 The Age of Romanticism5-1 Pre-Romantic poetsJames Thomas – The SeasonsWilliam Collins – Ode to EveningWilliam Blake –Songs of Innocence, Songs of Experience, The Marriage ofHeaven and HellRobert Burns –My Heart’s in the Highlands, A Red, Red Rose, Auld Lang Syne 5-2 Lake poets (or the first generation) William Wordsworth –Lyrical Ballads (Lines Composed a Few Miles aboveTintern Abbey, Lines Written in Early Spring), AnEvening Walk, Lucy Poems, I Wandered Lonely as aCloud, The Excursion, To the Cuckoo, The SolitaryReaper, She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways, To aHighland Girl, The PreludeSamuel Taylor Coleridge – The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Christable, KublaKhan, The Fall of the BastilleRobert Southey –Joan of Arc, Wat Tyler, The Inchcape Rock, The Battle ofBlenheim5-3 Romantic poets of the second generationGeorge Gordon Byron – Lyrical poems:She Walks in Beauty, When We Two Parted, HebrewMelodiesLong Poems:Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, Don JuanPercy Bysshe Shelley – Prometheus Unbound, The Cenci, Ode to the West Wind,Ode to a Skylark, A Defense of Poetry, The Necessity OfAtheismJohn Keats –When I have a Fear, On Melancholy, On a Grecian Urn, To Psyche,To Autumn, Ode to a Nightingale5-4 prose writers of the Romantic AgeCharles Lamb – Tales from Shakespeare, Essays of Elia, Old ChinaWilliam Hazlitt – Literary critics:The Characters of Shakespeare’s Plays, Lectures on the EnglishPoets, Lectures on the English Comic Writers, Lectureson the Dramatic Literature of the Age of Elizabeth, TheSpirit of the AgeEssays:Table Talk, The Plan Speaker, Sketches and Essays Thomas De Quincey –The Confession of an English Opium-Eater, On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth5-5 English fiction in the Romantic AgeWalter Scott –The Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, Marmion, The Lady of theLake, Waverley, Rob Roy, The Heart of Midlothian,IvanhoeJane Austen –Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility, Emma, Mansfield Park,Persuasion, Northanger Abbey6 The Victorian Period6-1 Critical Realist novelists in Victorian AgeCharles Dickens – The Pickwick Paper, Oliver Twist, Nicholas Nickleby, The OldCuriosity Shop, American Notes, A Christmas Carol,Dombey and Son, David Copperfield, Bleak House, HardTimes, Little Dorrit, A Tale of Two Cities, GreatExpectations, Our Mutual FriendWilliam Makepeace Thackeray – The Book of Snobs, Vanity Fair, The Newcomes,The VirginiansCharlotte Bronte – Professor, Jane Eyre, Shirley, VilletteEmily Bronte – Wuthering HeightsAnne Bronte – Agnes Grey, The Tenant of the Wildfell HallMrs. Gaskell – Life of Charlotte Bronte, Mary BartonGeorge Eliot – Adam Bede, The Mill on the Floss, Silas Marner Thomas Hardy –Under the Greenwood Tree, The Return of the Native, TheMayor of Casterbridge, Tess of D’Urbervilles, Jude theObscure, Far from the Madding Growd6-2 Victorian poetryAlfred Tennyson –In Memoriam, Idylls of the King, Break, Break, Break,Crossing the Bar, Ulysses, Poems by Two Brothers, ThePrincessRobert Browning –Men and Women, My Last Duchess, Parting at Morning,Meeting at NightMatthew Arnold –On Translating Homer, Dover Beach, Essays in Criticism,Culture and Anarchy, Literature and Dogma7 The Modern Period7-1 novelistsJohn Galsworthy – The Forsyte Saga: The Man of Property, The Indian Summerof a Forsyte (interlude), In Chancery, Awakening(interlude), To LetA Modern Comedy: The White Monkey, The Silver Spoon,Swan SongKatherine Mansfield – In a German Pension, Bliss, The Garden Party, The Dove’sNest, Something Childish, Life of Ma Parker7-2 playwrightsOscar Wilde –An Ideal Husband, The Important of Being Earnest, The Picture ofDorain Gray, A Women of No Importance, LadyWindermere’s Fan, The Happy Prince and Other T ales Bernard Shaw –Widower’s Houses, Mrs. Warren’s Profession, Man andSuperman, Major Barbara, Heartbreak House, Pygmalion John James Osborne – Look Back in AngerSamuel Beckett – Waiting for Godot7-3 poetsW. B. Yeats – Sailing to Byzantium, Leda and the Swan, The Second Coming, TheCountess Cathleen, The Land of Heart’s Desire, TheTower, Down by the Sally GardensT. S. Eliot –The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, Gerontion, The Waste Land,Hollow Man, Ash Wednesday, Four Quartets, SweeneyAmong the Nightingales, Murder in the Cathedral, TheCocktail Party, The Confidential Clerk, The Sacred Wood,Essays on Style and Order, After Strange Gods7-4 the psychological fictionsD. H. Lawrence –Sons and Lovers, The Rainbow, Women in Love, LadyChatterley’s Lover, The White Peapock, The Daughter ofthe Vicar, The Horse Dealer’s DaughterJames Joyce –Dubliners, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysses,Finnegans Wake, AradyVirginia Woolf – Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse, The Waves, Orlando。
英语专业八级—美国文学中英文名称对照
英语专业八级—美国文学中英文名称对照1、Benjamin Franklin本杰明·富兰克林1706-1790A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money;Poor Richard's Almanack穷查理历书；The Way to Wealth致富之道；The Autobiography自传2、Thomas Paine托马斯·潘恩1737-1809The Case of the Officers of Excise税务员问题；Common Sense常识；American Crisis美国危机；Rights of Man人的权利：Downfall of Despotism专制体制的崩溃；The Age of Reason 理性时代3、Philip Freneau菲利普·弗伦诺1752-1832The Rising Glory of America 蒸蒸日上的美洲；The British Prison Ship英国囚船；To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士——同类诗中最佳；The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金银花；The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地4、Washington Irving华盛顿·欧文1783-1859A History of New York纽约的历史——美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作；The Sketch Book见闻札记The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说——使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田庄；Talks of Travellers旅客谈；The Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉5、James Fenimore Cooper詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀1789-1851The Spy间谍;The Pilot领航者;The Littlepage Manuscripts利特佩奇的手稿;Leatherstocking Tales皮裹腿故事集:The Pioneer拓荒者；The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;The Prairie大草原;The Pathfinder探路者;The Deerslayer杀鹿者6、William Cullen Bryant威廉·柯伦·布莱恩特1794-1878ThePoems1821/1932诗选:To a Waterfowl致水鸟——英语中最完美的短诗;Thanatopsis死亡随想——受墓园派影响; The Whitefooted Deer白蹄鹿;A Forest Hymn森林赋;The Flood of Years似水流年7、Edgar Allan Poe埃德加·爱伦·坡1809-1849（以诗为诗；永为世人共赏的伟大抒情诗人——叶芝）Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque怪诞奇异故事集;Tales故事集;The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌;Ligeia莱琪儿;Annabel Lee安娜贝尔·李——歌特风格；首开近代侦探小说先河，又是法国象征主义运动的源头Tamerlane and Other Poems帖木儿和其他诗;Al Araaf,Tamerlane and Minor Poems艾尔·阿拉夫，帖木儿和其他诗;The Raven and Other Poems乌鸦及其他诗:The Raven乌鸦;The City in the Sea海城;Israfel 伊斯拉菲尔;To Hellen致海伦8、Ralf Waldo Emerson拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生1803-1882Essays散文集:Nature论自然——新英格兰超验主义者的宣言书;The American Scholar论美国学者;Divinity;The Oversoul论超灵;Self-reliance论自立;The Transcendentalist超验主义者;Representative Men代表人物;English Traits英国人的特征;School Address神学院演说Concord Hymn康考德颂;The Rhodo杜鹃花;The Humble Bee野蜂;Days 日子-首开自由诗之先河9．Nathaniel Hawthorne纳撒尼尔·霍桑1804-1864Twice-told Tales尽人皆知的故事;Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔:Young Goodman Brown年轻的古德曼·布朗;The Scarlet Letter红字;The House of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁的房子——心理若们罗曼史;The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇;The Marble Faun玉石雕像10、Henry David Threau亨利·大卫·梭罗1817-1862Wadden,or Life in the Woods华腾湖或林中生活;Resistance to Civil Government/Civil Disobedience 抵制公民政府;A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers11、Walt Whitman沃尔特·惠特曼1819-1892Leaves of Grass草叶集:Song of the Broad-Axe阔斧之歌;I hear America Singing我听见美洲在歌唱;When Lilacs Lost in the Dooryard Bloom'd小院丁香花开时;Democratic Vistas民主的前景;The Tramp and Strike Question流浪汉和罢工问题;Song of Myself自我之歌12、Herman Melville赫尔曼·梅尔维尔1819-1891Moby Dick/The White Whale莫比·迪克/白鲸；Typee泰比;Omoo奥穆;Mardi玛地;Redburn雷得本;White Jacket白外衣;Pierre皮尔埃;Piazza广场故事;Billy Budd比利·巴德13、Henry Wadsworth Longfellow亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗1807-1882The Song of Hiawatha海华沙之歌——美国人写的第一部印第安人史诗;Voices of the Night夜吟;Ballads and Other Poens民谣及其他诗;Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems布鲁茨的钟楼及其他诗;Tales of a Wayside Inn路边客栈的故事——诗集：An April Day四月的一天/A Psalm of Life人生礼物/Paul Revere'sRide保罗·里维尔的夜奔;Evangeline伊凡吉琳;The Courtship of Miles Standish 迈尔斯·斯坦迪什的求婚——叙事长诗；Poems on Slavery奴役篇——反蓄奴组诗14、John Greenleaf Whittier约翰·格林里夫·惠蒂埃1807-1892Poems Written During the Progress of the Abolition Question废奴问题;Voice of Freedom自由之声;In War Time and Other Poems内战时期所作;Snow-Bound 大雪封门;The Tent on the Beach and Other Poems海滩的帐篷;Ichabod艾卡博德;A Winter Idyl冬日田园诗15、Harriet Beecher Stowe哈丽特·比彻·斯托1811-1896Uncle Tom's Cabin 汤姆叔叔的小屋;A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp德雷德阴暗大沼地的故事片;The Minister's Wooing牧师的求婚;The Pearl of Orr's Island奥尔岛的珍珠;Oldtown Folks老城的人们16、Frederick Douglass弗莱德里克·道格拉斯1817-1895Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass an American Slave弗莱德里克·道格拉斯，一个美国黑人的自述/My Bondage and My Freedom我的枷锁与我的自由/The life and Time of Frederick Douglass弗莱德里克·道格拉斯的生平与时代17、Emily Dickinson埃米莉·迪金森1830-1886The Poems of Emily Dichenson埃米莉·迪金森诗集——"Tell all the truth and tell it slant"迂回曲折的，玄学的18、Mark Twain马克·吐温（Samuel Longhorne Clemens）——美国文学的一大里程碑The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County加拉维拉县有名的跳蛙;The Innocent's Abroad傻瓜出国记;The Gilded Age镀金时代;The Adventures of Tom Sawyer汤姆·索耶历险记;The Prince and the Pauper王子与贫儿;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克贝利·费恩历险记;A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court亚瑟王宫中的美国佬;The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson傻瓜威尔逊;Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc冉·达克;The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg败坏哈德莱堡的人How to Tell a Story怎样讲故事——对美国早期幽默文学的总结19、Francis Bret Harte哈特1836-1902The Luck of Roaring Camp咆哮营的幸运儿——乡土文学作家20、William Dean Howells 威廉·狄恩·豪威尔斯1837-1920The Rise of Silas Lapham赛拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹;A Modern Instance现代婚姻; A Hazard ofNow Fortunes时来运转;A Traveller from Altruia从利他国来的旅客;Through the Eye of the Needle透过针眼——乌托邦小说;Criticism and Fiction;Novel-Writing and Novel-Reading小说创作与小说阅读21、Henry Adams享利·亚当斯1838-1918History of the United States During the Administration of Jefferson and Madison（历史著作）；The Education of Henry Adams:An Autobiography享利·亚当斯的教育22、William James威廉·詹姆斯1842-1910（首提"意识流"理论）Principles of Psychology心理学原理；The Will to Believe信仰的意志；Pragmatism:A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking实用主义：某些旧思想方法的新名称；The Meaning of Truth真理的意义23、Henry James享利·詹姆斯1843-1916小说：Daisy Miller苔瑟·米乐；The Portrait of a Lady贵妇人画像；The Bostonians波士顿人；The Real Thing and Other Tales真货色及其他故事；The Wings of the Dove鸽翼；The Ambassadors大使；The Golden Bowl金碗评论集：French Poets and Novelists法国诗人和小说家;Hawthorne霍桑;Partial Portraits不完全的画像;Notes and Reviews札记与评论;Art of Fiction and Other Essays小说艺术24、Ambrose Bierce安布罗斯·毕尔斯1842-1914?小品集：The Fiend's Deligh魔鬼的乐趣;Nuggests and Dust Panned out in California在加利福尼亚淘出的金块和金粉;Cobwebs from an Empty Skull来自空脑壳的蜘蛛网短篇小说集：Tales of Soldiers and Civilians军民故事;In the Midst of Life 在人生中间;Can Such Things Be?这种事情可能吗？The Devil's Dictionary魔鬼词典（The Applicant申请者）25、Edward Bellamy爱德华·贝拉米1850-1898LookingBackward:2000-1887回顾：从2000看1887年；Equality平等；The Duke of Sockbridge:A Romance of Shay's Rebellion斯托克布里奇的公爵：雪司起义的故事;The Blindman's World and Other Stories育人的世界及其他26、Edwin Charles Markham马卡姆1852-1940The Man With the Hoe荷锄人27、Charles Waddell Chesnutt查尔斯·契斯纳特1858-1932The Conjure Woman巫女;The Wife of His Youth and Other Stories of the Color Line他青年时代的妻子（The Sheriff's Children警长的儿女）（the pioneer of the color line）;The Marrow of Tradition一脉相承28、Hamlin Garland汉姆林·加兰1860-1940Crumbling Idol崩溃的偶像（真实主义veritism）;Man Travelled Roads大路（The Return of a Private三等兵归来）;Rose of Ducher's Cooly荷兰人山谷中的露斯;A Son of the Middle Border 中部边地农家子29、O·Henry欧·享利（William Sidney Porter）1862-1910The Man Higher Up黄雀在后;Sixes and Sevens七上八下30、Edith Wharton伊迪斯·华顿1862-1937The House of Mirth欢乐之家;Ethan Frome;Bunner Sister班纳姐妹;The Age of Innocent天真时代;The Customs of the Country乡村习俗;A Backward Glance回首往事32、George Santayana桑塔亚那1863-1952Scepticism and Animal Faith 怀疑主义与动物性信仰;The Realms Being存在诸领域（本质/物质/真理/精神领域：4卷）（Relativity of Knowledge）;Three Philosphical Poets三大哲学诗人；Poems（A Minuet:On Reaching the Age of Fifty小步舞曲：五十书怀）;The Last Puritan最后的清教徒33、William E·B Dubois威廉·艾伯·杜波依斯1868-1963Souls of Black Folk 黑人的灵魂（Of Booker T Washington and Others）;The Suppression of the African Slave Trade into the USA制止非洲奴隶贸易进入美国;The Philadephia Negro;John Brown;The Black Flame黑色的火焰（三部曲）34、Edgar Lee Masters埃德加·李·马斯特斯1868-1950A Book of Verse诗集;Maximilian马克西米连（诗集）;Spoon River Anthology斯普恩河诗集（Lucinda Matlock鲁欣达·马物罗克）35、Edwin Arlington Robinson鲁宾逊1869-1935Captain Craig克雷格上尉——诗体小说；The Town Down the River河上的城镇;The Man Against the Sky衬托着天空的人;Avon's Harvest沃冯的收成;Collected Poems诗集36、Frank Norris弗兰克·诺里斯1870-1902Moran of the Lady Letty茱蒂夫人号上的莫兰（romantic）;Mc-Teague麦克提格（naturalistic）;The Epic of the Wheat（realistic）小麦诗史（The Octopus章鱼,The Pit小麦交易所）;A Deal in Wheat and Other Stories of the Old and New West小麦交易所及其他新老西部故事37、Stephen Crane斯蒂芬·克莱恩1871-1900Magic:A Girl of the Streets 街头女郎梅姬（美国文学史上首次站在同情立场上描写受辱妇女的悲惨命运）；The Red Badge of Courage红色英勇勋章；The Open Boat小划子;The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky新娘来到黄天镇38、Theodore Dreiser西奥多·德莱塞1871-1945Sister Carrie嘉莉姐妹;Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘;Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲（Financer金融家,The Titan巨人,The Stoic）;An American Tragedy美国的悲剧（被称为美国最伟大的小说）;Nigger Jeff黑人杰弗39、Paul Laurence Dumbar保尔·劳伦斯·邓巴1872-1906We Wear the Mask我们带着面具他是美国第一个有成就的黑人诗人，被称为"黑种人的桂冠诗人"（Poet Laureate of the Negro Race）40、Jack London杰克·伦敦1876-1916The Son of the Wolf狼之子,The Call of the Wild野性的呼唤;The Sea-wolf海狼;White Fang白獠牙;The People of the Abyss深渊中的人们;The Iron Heel铁蹄;Marti Eden马丁·伊登;How I become a Socialist我怎样成为社会党人;The War of the Classes阶级之间的战争;What Life Means to Me生命对我意味着什么;Revolution革命;Love of Life热爱生命;The Mexican墨西哥人;Under the Deck Awings在甲板的天蓬下41、Upton Sinclair厄普顿·辛克莱尔1878-1968Spring and Harvest春天与收获;The Jungle屠场（揭发黑幕运动的代表作家）;King Coal煤炭大王;Oil石油;Boston波士顿;Dragon's Teeth龙齿42、Irving Babbitt欧文·白壁德1865-1933（新人文主义主要代表）Literature and the American College文学与美国学院（）要求恢复古典文学教学;The New Laokoon新拉奥孔;Rousseau and Romanticism卢梭与浪漫主义;Democracy and Leadership民主与领导;On being Creative论创造性43、Villa Sibert Cather维拉·凯塞1873-1947O,Pioneers啊，先驱们;My Antonia我的安东尼亚;The Professor's House教授之家;Death Comes for the Archibishop大主教之死44、Gertrude Stein格特鲁德·斯坦因1874-1946The Autobiography of AliceB Toklas爱丽丝·托克拉斯的自传；Tender Button温柔的钮扣45、Robert Frest罗伯特·弗罗斯特1874-1963A Boy's Wish少年心愿；North of Boston波士顿之北（Mending Wall修墙,After Apple-picking摘苹果之后）;Mountain Interval山间（成熟阶段）（The Road Not taken没有选择的道路）;West-running Brook西流的溪涧;A Further Range又一片牧场;A Witness Tree一株作证的树46、Sherwood Anderson舍伍德·安德森1876-1941Windy McPherson's Son饶舌的麦克斐逊的儿子;Marching Men前进中的人们;Mid-American Chants 美国中部之歌;Winesburg,Ohio/The Book of the Grotesque俄亥俄州的温斯堡/畸人志;Poor White穷苦的白人;Many Marriages多种婚姻;Dark Laughter阴沉的笑声The Triumph of the Egg and Other Stories鸡蛋的胜利和其他故事;Death in the Woods and Other Stories林中之死及其他故事;I Want to Know Why我想知道为什么47、Carl Sandburg卡尔·桑德堡1878-1967Always the Young Stranger永远是陌生的年轻人s;In Reckless Ecstasy肆无忌惮的狂热;The Prairie Years草原的年代一、二;The War Years战争的年代（林肯传记）;The American Songbag 美国歌袋;The People,Yes人民，好;Honey and Salt蜜与盐;Corn-huskers辗米机（Fog雾）;Smoke and Steel烟与钢48、Wallace Stevens华莱士·史蒂文斯1879-1955Harmonium风琴;The Man With the Blue Guitar弹蓝吉他的人;Notes Toward a Supreme Fiction关于最高虚构的札记（Peter Quince at the Clavier彼得·昆斯弹风琴;Sunday Morning 礼拜天早晨）;The Auroras of Autumn秋天的晨曦;Collected Poems诗集49、Henry Louis Mencken孟肯1880-1956Bernard Shaw:His Plays肖伯纳的戏剧;The Philosophy of Nietzche尼采的哲学;The American Language美车语言;Happy Days幸福的日子（自传三部曲）;Newspaper Days新闻记者的岁月;Heathe Days倡导异端邪说的年代50、William Carlos Williams威廉·卡罗斯·威廉斯1883-1963收入Des Imagistes意像派（意像派的第一部诗选）诗集：Sour Grapes;Spring and All春;The Desert Music;The Journey of Love爱的历程;Collected Poems;Complete Poems;Collected LaterPoems;Pictures from Brueghel布留盖尔的肖像;Paterson佩特森（5卷长诗）;Asphodal,That Green Flower常青花日光兰（长诗）名诗：Red Wheelbarrow红色手推车;The Widow's Lament in Spring寡妇的春怨;The Dead Baby;The Sparrow ,to My Father麻雀-致父亲;Proletarian Portrait无产阶级画像（from An Early Martyr先驱）;The Great American Novels伟大的美国小说;In the American Grain美国性格;Autobiography自传51、Sinclair Lewis辛克莱·刘易斯1885-1951（美国第一个获诺贝尔奖）Dur Mr Wrenn我们的雷恩先生;The Job求职;The Main Street大先进;Babbitt巴比特;Arrowsmith艾罗史密斯;Elmer Gantry艾尔默·甘特里;Dodsworth多兹沃斯;It can't Happen Here事情不会发生在这里;Kingsblood Royal王孙梦52、Ezra Pound艾兹拉·庞德1885-1972The Spirit of Romance罗曼司精神;The Anthology Des Imagistes意像派诗选;Cathay华夏（英译中国诗）;Literary Essays文学论;Hugh Swlwyn Mauberley;A Few Don'ts by Imagiste意像派戒条;Personage面具;Polite Essays文雅集;The Cantos of Ezra Pound庞德诗章（109首及8首未完成稿）53、Hilda Doolittle希尔达·杜丽特尔1886-1961Sea Garden海的花园;Collected Poems（Dread山精;Pear Tree;Orchard）;The Walls Do Not Fall 墙没在倒塌（战争诗三部曲）;Tribute to the Angels天使颂;The Flowering of the Rod柳条葳蕤;Tribute to Freud献给弗洛伊德;Hellen in Egypt海伦在伦敦（抒情长诗）54、Thomas Stearns Eliot托马斯·艾略特1888-1965Prufrock and Other Observations普罗夫洛克（荒原意识）;The Waste Land荒原（The Burial of the Dead死者的葬礼;A Game of Chess弈棋;The Fire Sermon火诫;Death by Water水边之死;What the Thunder Said雷电之言）;名诗：Ash Wednesday圣灰星期三;Four Quarters四个四重奏诗剧：Murder in the Cathedral大教堂谋杀案;Family Reunion大团圆;Cocktail Party鸡尾酒会55、Eugene Oneil尤金·奥尼尔1888-1953独幕剧：Bound East to Cardiff 东航卡迪夫;The Long Voyage Home归途迢迢;The Moon of the Carribbeans加勒比人之月; 多幕剧：Beyond the Horizon天边外（其成名作）;Anna Christie安娜·克里斯蒂;The Emperor Jones琼斯皇;The Hairy Ape毛猿;All the God's Children Got Wings上帝的儿女都有翅膀The Great God Brown大神布朗;The Strange Interlude奇异的插曲;Mourning Becomes Electr素娥怨/悲悼a;The Iceman Cometh送冰的人来了;The Long Days Journey Into Night进入黑夜的漫长旅程/日长路远夜常深沉56、Katherine Anne Porter凯瑟琳·安·波特1890-1980Flowering Judas开花的紫荆花（Maria Conception;The Jitting of Granny Weatherall）;Pale Horse,Pale Rider;Leaning Tower and Other Stories——TheCollected Stories of K A PorterShip of Fools愚人船（唯一的一部长篇小说）;The Never Ending Wrong千古奇冤（回忆录）57、Archibald Mac Leish阿基博尔德·麦克利什1892-1982Towers of Ivory 象牙塔;The Happy Marriage幸福的婚姻;Streets in the Moon月色中的街;New Found Land新发现的大陆;Conquistador新西班牙的征服者;Poems1912-1952广播剧：The Fall of the City城市的陷落;Airraid空袭58、Michael Gold迈克尔·戈尔德1894-1967120 Million一亿二千万;Change The World改变世界;The Hollow Man空心人;Jews Without Money没在钱的犹太人（自传体小说）戏剧：Hoboken Blues;Fiesta节日;Battle Hymn歌;Prletarian Literature in the United States美国无产阶级文学选集（与人合编）59、E Cumings肯明斯1894-1962Tulips anddd Chimneys郁金香与烟囱;The Enormous Room大房间;XLI Poems诗41首;Viva万岁;No，Thanks 不，谢谢;Collected Poems诗集;Eimi爱米（访苏游记）60、Edmund Wilson埃德蒙·威尔逊1895-1972Travel in Two Democracies 在两个民主国家里旅行;To the Finland Station到芬兰站去;A Piece of My Mind:Reflection at Sixty心里话:行年六十的沉思;Axel's Castle阿克塞尔的城堡（象征主义批判的圭阜）;The Ttriple Thinkers三重思想家;The Wound and The Bow创伤与箭;The Shores of Light光明之岸;The Fruits of the MLA现代语言协会的成果61、John Dos Passos帕索斯1896-1970The Three Soldiers;Manhattan Transfer;U.S.A（The Forty-second Parallel;1919;The Big Money）;District ofColumbia哥伦比亚大区（The Adventures of a Young Man一个年轻人的冒险;Number One第一号;The Grand Design伟大的计划）;Orient Express东方特别快车（游记）62、F Scott Fitzgerald弗朗西斯·菲茨杰拉德1896-1940（迷惘的一代）The Side of Paradise人间天堂;The Beautiful and the Damned美丽的和倒霉;The Great Gatsby了不起的盖茨比;Tender in the Night夜色温柔;The Last Tycoon 最后的巨头短篇小说：Flappers and Philosophers姑娘们和哲学家们;Tales of the Jazz 爵士时代的故事;Taps at Reveille早晨的起床号→The Ice Palace冰宫;May Days五一节;The Diamond as Big as the Ritz像里茨饭店那样大的钻石;Winter Dreams冬天的梦;The Rich Boy富家子弟;Babylon Revisted重访巴比伦敦The Crack-up崩溃（自传体文集）63、William Faulkner威廉·福克纳1897-1962The Marble Faun云石林神（诗集）;Soldiers' Pay兵饷（小说）短篇小说：Dry September干燥的九月;The Sound and the Fury愤怒与喧嚣;As I lay dying当我垂死的时候;Light in August八月之光;Absalom,Absolam 押沙龙，押沙龙（家世小说）64、Malcolm Cowley马尔科姆·考利1898-译作：法国安德烈·纪德Andre Gide的Imaginary Interview虚构的会议诗集：Blue Juniata;The Dry Season;The Exile's Return流亡者的回归（研究"迷惘的一代"的专著）;A Second Flowering第二次繁荣（The Other War另一种战争）65、Ernest Hemingway欧内斯特·海明威1899-1961（"迷惘的一代"的代表人物）In Our Time在我们的年代里;The Torrents of Spring春潮;The Sun Also Rises太阳照样升起;Farewell to Arms永别了，武器;For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣短篇小说：Men Without Women没有女人的男人;The Winners Take Notheing胜者无所获;The Fifth Column and First Forty-nine Stories第五纵队与首次发表的四十九个短篇政论：To Have and Have Not贫与富回忆录：A Moveable Feast到处逍遥66、Hart Crane哈特·克兰1899-1932My Grandfather's Love Letters祖父的情书;Praise for an Urn瓮颂;For the Marriage of Faustus and Hellen为浮士德和海伦的婚姻而作;Voyage航海;The Bridge桥（长诗）;White Buildings白色的楼房（首部诗集）67、Thomas Wolfe托马斯·沃尔夫1900-1938Look Homeward,Angel天使，望乡→（续）Of Time and the River时间与河流;The Web and the Rock蛛网与岩石;You Can't Go Home Again有家归不得;The Hills Beyond远山（未完成）短篇小说：From Death to Morning从死亡到早晨68、James Langston Hughes詹姆斯·兰斯顿·休斯1902-1969Mulatto混血儿（剧本）;The Weary Blues疲倦的歌声;Dear Lovely Death亲爱的死神;Shakespear in Harlem哈莱姆的莎士比亚;I Wonder as I Wander我漂泊我思考;The Best of Simple辛普尔精选69、John Steinbeck约翰·斯坦贝克1902-1966Cup of Gold金杯;Tortilla Flat 煎饼房;In Dubious Battle胜负未定;Of Mice and Men鼠和人;The Grapes of Wrath愤怒的葡萄;The Moon is Down月亮下去了;Cannery Row罐头厂街;The Pearl珍珠短篇小说：The Red Pony小红马（The Gift,The Great Mountains大山;The Promise许诺,The Leader of the People人们的领袖）70、Nathanael West韦斯特1903-1940The Dream Life of Balso Snell巴尔索·斯纳尔的梦幻生涯;The Day of Locust蝗灾之日;Miss Lonelyhearts寂寞小说71、James Farrel 法雷尔1904-1979Studs Lonigan斯塔兹·朗尼根（Young Lonigan少年朗尼根;The Young Manhood of Studs Lonigan朗尼根的青年时代,Judgement Day末日窝审判）;Danny O'Neil丹尼·奥尼尔（五部曲）;Bernard Carr伯纳德·卡尔（三部曲）短篇小说：Calico Shoes花布鞋;Guillotine Party行刑队文艺评论：A Note on Literary Criticism文艺评论札记;Literature and Morality文学与道德72、Lillian Hellman丽莲·海尔曼1905-1983The Children's Hour孩子们的时光;The Little Foxes小狐狸;Watch on the Rhine守望莱茵河;The SearchingWind彻骨的风;The Autumn Garden秋园;Tos in the Attic阁楼里的玩具;The Days to Come未来的日子;Another Part of the Forest森林的另一处回忆录：An Unfinished Wonman一个事业尚未终了的女人;Pentimento旧画新貌;Scoundrel Time邪恶的时代73、Clifford Odets克利福德·奥德茨1906-1963Waiting for Lefty等待老左/勒夫特;Awake and Sing!醒来歌唱;Till the Day I Die直到我死的那天;Paradise Lost失乐园;Golden Boy金孩子;Clash by Night夜间冲突;The Big Knife大刀;The Country Girl乡村姑娘;The Flowering Peach开花的桃树74、Richard Wright理查德·赖特1908-1960Uncle Tom's Children汤姆叔叔的孩子们;Native Son土生子;Black Boy;黑孩子The Outsiders局外人;The Long Dream漫长的梦;Eight Men八人行75、Eudora Welty尤多拉·韦尔蒂1906-短篇小说：Death of a Travelling,Salesman巡回推销员之死;A Curtain of Green and Other Stories绿窗帘和其他;The Wide Net and Other Stories大网和其他故事;The Golden Apples金苹果;The Bridge of Innifallen英尼斯法伦的新娘长篇小说：The Robber Bridgeroom强盗新朗;Detta Wedding德尔塔的婚姻;The Ponder Heart庞德的心;The Losing Battles失败的战斗;The Optismist's Daughter乐观者的女儿76、Valdimir Nabokov弗·纳博科夫1899-1977Lolita洛莉塔;Pale Fire微暗的火;The Admiralty Sprie海军部大厦塔尖77、Anais Nin安娜伊思·宁1903-1977The Novel of Future未来的小说;Heida海达;House of Incest乱伦之家;Collages拼贴78、Issac Bashevis Singer艾萨克·辛格1904-1991Gimpel the Fool傻瓜吉姆佩尔;The Family Moskat莫斯卡特家族;Satan in Goray撒旦在戈雷;The Magician of Lublin卢布林的魔术师;The Slave奴隶;The Manor庄园;The Estate 产业;Enenemies,A Love Story仇敌们，一个爱情故事;Shosha舒莎短篇小说：The Spinoza of Market Street市场街的斯宾诺莎;A Friend of Kafka卡夫卡的朋友名篇：Neighbours邻居79、Robert Penn Warren罗伯特·沃伦1905-1989Night Rider夜间骑士;At Heaven's Gate在天堂门口;All King's Men国王的全部人马;World Enough and Time足够的世界和时间;The Cave洞穴;Band of Angels天使的队伍;A Place to Come to归宿诗集：Thirtysix Poems;Selected Poems1923-1943;Brother to Dragons;Promised:Poems1954-1956;You,Emperors and Others;Selected Poems New and Old 1923-1966;Elven Poems on the SameThemet;Incarnation Poem1966-1968显灵：1966-1968诗选;Now and Then:Poems 1976-1978此时与彼时1976-1978诗选剧作：Proud Flesh骄傲的血肉之躯;Modern Rhetoric当代修辞学；Birth of Love爱之诞生（选自与Cleanth Brooks合编的UnderstandingPoetry/Understanding Fiction）逃亡者集团The Fugitive的宣言书I'll Take My Stand我表明我的立场80、Tennessee William田纳西·威廉斯1911-1983American Blues美国的布鲁斯;Battle of Angels天使的战斗;The Glass Menagerie玻璃动物园;The Streetcar Named Desire欲望号街车;Cat on a Hot Tin Roof热铁皮屋顶上的猫;The Night of The Iguana鬣蜥之夜;Summer and Smoke夏与烟;The Rose Tattoo玫瑰纹;Sweet Bird of Yout可爱的青春鸟81、John Cheever约翰·契弗1912-1982短篇小说：The Expelled开除短篇小说集：The Way Some People Live一些人的生活方式;The Enormous Radio and Other Stories巨型收音机和其他;The Housebreaker of Shaddy Hill and Other Stories绿茵山窃贼和其他;Some People,Places and Things That Will Not Appear in My Next Novel一些不会在我下一部小说中出现的人物、地点、事件;The Brigadier and the Golf Widow陆军准将和高尔夫迷寡妇;The World of Apples苹果世界→The Stories of John Cheever契弗短篇小说选长篇小说：The Wapshot Chronicle/Scandal瓦普肖特纪事/丑闻;Bullet Park 布利特公园;Falconer鹰猎者82、Irwin Shaw欧文·肖1913-1984Bury the Dead埋葬死者;Sailor off the Bremen不来梅港外的水手长篇小说：The Young Lions幼狮;The Troubled Air混浊的空气;Lucy Crown 露茜·克朗;Two Weeks in Another Town；Voices of a Summer Day夏日的喁喁声;Rich Man,Poor Man;Evening in Byzantium;Nightwork认夜工;Beggarman,Thief;Bread upon the Waters83、Ralph Ellison拉尔夫·埃利林1914-长篇小说：Invisible Man看不见的人散文集：Shadow and Act影子与行动;Going to the Territory步入文学界84、Bernard Malamud伯纳德·马拉默德1914-1986长篇小说：The Natural 天生运动员;The Assistant伙计;The Fixer装配工;A New Life新生活;God's Grace上帝的恩赐短篇小说：The Magic Barrel魔桶85、Landall Jarrel兰达尔·贾维尔1914-1965诗集：Blood for a Stranger 献给一个陌生人的血;Little Friend ,Little Friend小朋友，小朋友;Losses损失;Seven-league Crutches七里格长的拐杖;The Lost World失去的世界小说：Pictures of an Institution学院小景;The Woman at the Washington Zoo华盛顿动物园的女人评论：Poetry and the Age诗歌与时代;The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner 旋转炮塔炮手之死86、John Berryman约翰·贝里曼1914-1972诗：Homage to Mrs Bradstreet 献给布拉兹特里夫人；The Dream Songs梦之歌;Poems1942;The Dispossessed被剥夺者（The Ball Poem小球诗）;77 Dream Songs;Berryman's Sonnets;Short Poems;His Toy;His Dream;His Rest;Love andFame;Delusion,etc错觉及其他小说：Recovery复原传记：Stephen Crane斯蒂芬·克莱恩87、Saul Bellow索尔·贝娄1915-长篇小说：Dangling Man晃来晃去/挂起来的人;The Victim受害者;The Adventure of Augie March奥基·马奇历险记;Henderson the Rain King雨王汉德逊;Herzog赫索格;Mr Summlar's Planet 塞姆勒先生的行星;Humboldt's Gift洪堡的礼物中篇小说：Seize the Day且乐今朝88、Arthur Miller阿瑟·米勒1915-Situation Normal情况正常;The Man Who Had All the Luck吉星高照的人;All My Sons都是我的儿子;The Death of aSalesman推销员;The Crucible严峻的考验/萨姆勒的女巫;A View from the Bridge桥头眺望;A Memory of Two Mondays两个星期一的回忆;After the Fall 堕落之后;Incident at Vichy维希事件;The Price代价;The Creation of the World and Other Business创世及其他;The Archbishop's Ceiling大主教的天花板;The American Clock美国时钟89、Robert Lowell罗伯特·洛厄尔1917-1977诗：Lord Weary's Castle威尔利老爷的城堡;Life Studies人生探索名篇：For Sale;Walking in the Blue;For the Union Dead献给联邦死难士→自白诗运动90、J D Salinger杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格1919-短篇小说：The Young Folks年轻人短篇小说集：Nine Stories故事九篇中篇小说：Franny弗兰尼;Zooey卓埃;Raise High the RoofBeam,Carpenters木匠们，把屋梁升高;Seymour:An Introduction西摩其人长篇小说：The Cather in the Rye麦田守望者91、Betty Frieden贝蒂·弗里丹1921-The Feminine Mystique女性的奥秘;It Changed My Life它改变了我的生活;The Second Stage第二阶段（How to get the Women's Movement Moving Again）92、Alex Haley亚历克斯·哈利1921-1992The Autobiography of Malcolm X 马尔科姆·艾克斯自传Roots根;Hanning汉宁镇（自传体小说）93、Jack Kerouac杰克·凯鲁亚克1922-1966（"垮掉的一代"奠基者）The Town and the City镇和城;On the Road在路上;The Subterraneans地下居民;The Dharma Bums达摩的流浪者;Visions of Cody科迪的梦想；Doctor Sax 萨克斯医生;Maggie Cassidy麦琪·卡西迪;Mexico City Blues墨西哥城的布鲁斯;Lonesome Traveller孤独的旅行者;Desolation Angels凄凉天使;Satori in Paris巴黎参禅记;Vanity of Duluoz杜卢奥斯的偏见94、Kurt Vonnegut库特·冯尼格特长篇小说：Player Piano自动钢琴;The Sirens of Titan泰坦族的海妖;Cat's Craddle猫的摇篮;Slaughterhouse Five第五号屠场;Mother Night黑夜母亲;God Bless You,Mr Rosewater上帝保佑你，罗斯瓦特先生;Breakfast of Champions顶呱呱的早餐;Slapstick,or Lonesome No More滑稽剧,又名不再孤独;Jailbird囚犯;Deadeye Dick神枪手迪克短篇小说集：Welcome to the Monkey House欢迎到猴房来（Report on the Barnhouse Effect关于巴恩豪斯效应的报告）95、Norman Mailer诺曼·米勒1923- （垮掉的一代；文学恐怖主义者/亡命之徒）裸者与死者；Barbary Shore巴巴里海滨;The Deer Park廘苑;An American Dream一场美国梦;The White Negro白色黑人;Advertisement for Myself为自己做广告;Why Are We in Vietnam?我们为什么要去越南;The Executioner's Song 刽子手之歌;The Armies of the Night夜色幕下的大军（History as a Novel/The Novel as History）-非虚构小说;New Journalism新新闻报道96、James Dichey詹姆斯·迪基1923-诗集：Into the Stone钻入石头;Drowning With Others跟别人一起淹死（The Lifeguard救生员）;Helmets头盔;Buckdancer's Choice班克舞者的选择;Poems1957-1967;The Iodiac黄道长诗：Deliverance解脱诗论集：The Suspect in Poetry诗歌中的嫌疑犯;Babel to Byzatium从巴别尔到拜占庭97、Joseph Heller约瑟夫·海勒1923-长篇小说：Catch-22第二十二条军规;Something Happened出了毛病;As Good as Gold像高尔德一样好剧本：We Bombed in New Haven我们轰炸纽黑文;Catch-22;Clevinger's Trial克莱文杰受审（据Catch-22第八章）98、James Baldwin詹姆斯·鲍德温1924-1987散文集：Note of a Native Son 土生子的笔记;Nobody Knows My Name;Fire Next Time下一次烈火;No Name in the Street他的名字被遗忘;The Devil Finds Work魔鬼找到工作小说：Go Tell it on the Mountain向苍天呼吁;Giovanni's Room乔万尼的房间;Another Country另一个国度;Tell Me How Long the Train's Been Gone告诉我火车已开多久;If Beale Street Could Talk假如比尔能说话;Just Above My Head就在我头上短篇小说集：Going to Meet the Man去见这个人剧本：The Amen Corner阿门角;Blues for Mister Charley为查理先生唱布鲁斯/黑人怨;One Day When I was Lost有一天当我迷失的时候/迷路前后100、Flannery O'Connor弗兰纳里·奥康纳1925-1964长篇小说：Wise Blood 慧血;The Violent Bear It Away它为强暴者所夺走短篇小说集：A Good Man Is Hard to Find好人难寻;Everything That Rises Must Converg上升的一切必然汇合e名文：Good Country People善良的乡下人;The Lame Shall Enter First跛腿者先进去;Greenleaf格林利夫;Revelation;Parker's Back派克的背101、William Styron威廉·斯泰伦1925-Lie Down in Darkness躺在黑暗中;The Long March长途行军;Set This House on Fire放火烧屋;The Confessions of Nat Turner纳特·特纳的自白;Sophie's Choice索菲的选择102、Allen Ginsburg艾伦·金斯堡1926-诗集：Howl and Other Poems嚎叫及其他（America）（The Beat Generation垮掉的一代的宣言书和代表作）;Kaddish and Other Poems卡第绪及其他;Plannet News行星消息;The Fall of America美国的衰弱103、James Wright詹姆斯·赖特1927-1980诗集：The Green Wall绿墙;Saint Judas圣徒犹大;The Tail and Eyes of a Lion狮子的尾巴和眼睛;The Branch Will Not Break树枝不会断;Shall We Gather at the River我们在河边聚会;Collected Poems;Two Citizens两位公民;Moments of the Italian Summer意大利之夏;To a Blossoming Pear Tree致盛开鲜花的梨树;This Journey;A Blessing祝福104、Edward Albee爱德华·阿尔比1928-The Zoo Story动物园的故事;The Death of Bessie Smith贝西·史密斯之死;The Sandbox沙箱;The American Dream美国梦;Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?谁害怕弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫;Tiny Alice小爱丽丝;A Delicate Balance脆弱的羊群;Seascape海景;The Lady from Dubuque来自杜布克的女人;The Man With Three Arms在臂人105、Martin Luther King Jr马丁·路德·金1929-1968I Have a Dream;Stride Toward Freedom迈向自由;Strength to Love爱的力量;Why We Can't Wait?;Where Do We Go from Here,Chaos or Community?今后我们何去何从，纷争还是团结？106、Gary Snyder加里·斯奈德1930- （ecology poet）Riprap大卵石（Piute Creek皮尤特河）;Myths Texts神话与现实;The Back Country偏僻的山村;Regarding Wave观浪（Meeting the Mountain进山）;Turtle Island龟岛;Left Out in the Rain：New Poems 1974-1985留在雨中:1974-1985新诗集。
专业英语8级人文知识之美国文学
专业英语八级人文知识之美国文学第一阶段独立革命之前（十七世纪中期之前）概述1、美国本土文学（美国印第安传统文学）早在欧洲人闯入北美大陆之前，那里世世代代居住的原始人是印第安人，他们的文化早已在这片土地上流传、存在了几千年之久。
他们创造出了并仍然在创造这优秀的印第安口头文学。
在各种典礼上咏诵的祝词，在劳作中吟唱的歌曲，世世代代交口相传的部落神话故事和英雄故事，刻写在山间岩壁上的象形史诗，都是印第安传统文学的只要内容和形式，也是人类文明的宝贵遗产之一。
后来，随着殖民地的开拓，移民人数的剧增，印第安文化不断遭受重创，从而在17世纪出现断裂。
18世界末又开始以书面文学的形式开始了新的发展。
Three stages of development：1）traditional literature 2）transitional literature 3）modern literature2、北美殖民时期文学（十六世纪末—十七世纪中期）北美殖民文学的开端，以1607年英国在今佛吉尼亚的詹姆斯顿建立第一个永久性殖民点为标志。
从那时起直到1776年美利坚合众国成立，这半个世纪的北美英语文学的发展是外来文学移植、扎根并本土化的一个准备过程。
这一时期的文学作品主要是一些英国的殖民地官员或传道士、冒险家们以日记或游记随笔等形式记录的新大陆的风土人情、自然景色和民间生活等。
John Smith was considered to be the first author in the history of American literature。
3、清教思想的表述最初从欧洲来到美国的定居者被成为“清教徒”，因为他们迁徙的主要目的之一是为了“净化”教堂中的宗教行为。
他们的作品主要以传布清教主义思想的布道文为主。
第二阶段独立革命时期（17世纪中期—18世纪末）概述独立革命前后的美国文学，标志着北美文学产生后的第一次大转折，其主要内容和形式与殖民时期文学截然不同：如果说殖民时期文学主要反映的是清教精神，独立革命时期的文学则充满了浓烈的政治性和思辨性。
英语专八 英美文学 作品及作者简介
英语专八英美文学作品及作者简介☆英国文学名家名著《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）是英国盎格鲁·撒克逊时期的一首英雄史诗，古英语文学的最高成就，同时标志着英国文学的开始。
史诗的第一部分讲述瑞典青年王子贝奥武甫来到丹麦，帮助丹麦国王赫罗斯加杀死了12年来常来进行夜袭的巨妖格伦德尔及他的母亲；第二部分简述了贝奥武甫继承王位，平安统治50年。
后来，他的国土被一条喷火巨龙蹂躏，老当益壮的贝奥武甫与火龙交战，杀死火龙，自己也受了致命伤。
杰弗里·乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer ，1340-1400)是英国文学之父亲和前最杰出的作家。
主要作品有《坎特伯雷故事集》等。
作品的主要特点是主题、题材、风格、笔调的多样性及描写人对生活的追求的复杂性。
他的代表作品是《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）不仅描绘了31位朝圣者的各个社会阶层，而且也反映了他们各自叙述故事的不同风格，读者广泛，对后世影响很大。
威廉·莎士比亚(William Shakespeare ，1564-1616)是文艺复兴时期英国著名的剧作家和诗人。
他创作了大量的作品，其中包括喜剧、悲剧和历史剧。
他的剧本至今仍在许多国家上演，并为人们所普遍阅读。
莎上比亚的作品文才横溢，创造的喜、怒、哀、乐场面使人印象深刻，历久难忘。
主要作品有四大悲剧：《奥赛罗》(Othello)、《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet）、《麦克白》(Macbeth),《李尔王》(King Lear)；四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》(A Midsummer Night’s Dream)、《威尼斯商人》(The Merchant of Venice)、《无事生非》(Much Ado about Nothing)和《皆大欢喜》(As You Like It)等。
此外，历史剧《亨利六世》(Henry VI)三部曲，爱情悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet）也都很受欢迎。
英国文学和美国文学(八级)
03 学校餐饮与文化 教育的融合
学校餐饮与文化教育的融合
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04 学校餐饮与文化 教育融合的挑战 与解决方案
面临的挑战
缺乏专业知识和经验
学校餐饮人员可能缺乏将餐饮与文化教育相结合的专业知识和经 验，难以提供有深度和内涵的餐饮服务。
学校餐饮与文化教育融合的发展趋势
多元化融合
学校餐饮将与更多文化元素融合 ，不仅限于地域文化，还包括艺 术、科技等领域，为学生提供更
丰富多样的饮食体验。
技术创新
随着科技的发展，智能餐饮系统 、个性化营养配餐等技术将进一 步应用于学校餐饮领域，提升餐
饮服务的效率和个性化程度。
健康导向
在健康意识日益增强的背景下， 学校餐饮将更加注重营养均衡和 健康饮食理念的推广，培养学生
学校餐饮的现状与挑战
现状
随着健康饮食和绿色生活的理念普及 ，学校餐饮也在逐步改进，注重食物 的营养价值和口味。
挑战
如何确保食物安全与卫生、满足不同 学生的口味需求、控制成本等是学校 餐饮面临的挑战。
02 文化教育在学校 中的地位
文化教育的定义与特点
定义
文化教育是一种以传承和弘扬文化为主要目的的教育方式， 它通过传授知识、技能和价值观来培养个体对文化的理解和 认同。
良好的饮食习惯。
对未来的展望与期待
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提升教育质量
通过学校餐饮与文化教育的融合，可以丰富学生 的学习体验，提高教育质量，培养具有综合素质 的人才。
促进文化交流
学校餐饮成为文化交流的平台，有助于增进学生 对不同文化的了解和认同，促进文化多样性和包 容性。
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英国文学部分西方文学发展的两大源头两大源头:古希腊, 罗马的神话，中世纪的基督教A General Survey of English Literary History:1．O ld English literature (The Anglo – Saxon Period) 449 – 10662. Medieval Period (The Anglo – Norman Period) 1066 – 13503. The Renaissance Period 14th– mid 17th4. The 17th(The Period of Revolution and Restoration)5. The 18th(The Age of Enlightenment)6. The Romantic Period （Age of poetry）1798 – 18327. The Victorian Period ( The Age of Critical Realism) 1836 – 19018. The 20th(The Modern Period)一．古英语和中世纪时期：Old and Medieval English Literature: 449 -- 1066Germanic tribes: Angles, Saxons and JutesOld English Poetic tradition :a. The pagan poetry (secular group)b. The Christian poetry (religious group)National epic poem –BeowulfMiddle English Literature:1. Christian literature2. Romance the popular literary forms in medieval periodGeoffrey Chaucer: “father of English poetry” “English Homer”The Canterbury TalesFor the first time in English literature presented a comprehensive realistic picture。
He employed the heroic couplet for the first time in the history of English literature.3. the English ballads: Robin Hood ballads二，文艺复兴时期Purpose of Renaissance:1.Get rid of old feudalist ideas ,introduce new ideas of the risingbourgeoisie2.Recover the purity of the churchLiterature of RenaissancePoetry Essay Elizabethan Drama ( the mainstream)Religious Reformation:Martin Luther: a German Protestant, initiated the ReformationIn full Swing: Henry VIIIThe major results: Bible in Englishservices were held in English Authorized VersionRenaissance 文艺复兴It refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It is an intellectual movement. It sprang first in Italy and gradually spread all over Europe. English Renaissance was England’s Golden Age, especially in literature.Humanism:H. is the essence of the R. and reflected the new outlook of the rising bourgeois class. It e mphasizes the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life.Best humanists: Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe, William ShakespeareWilliam Caxton: The first person to introduce printing into England.Wyatt: Introduce the Petrarchan sonnet into EnglandSurrey: Introduce blank verse into England，Marlowe gave new vigor to the blank verse.Poet: Edmund Spenser The Fgaerie Queene The Shepheardes CalenderPlaywrights:Christopher Marlowe (pioneer of English drama)Dr. Faustus, the Passionate Shepherd to His LoveWilliam Shakespeare (the summit of Renaissance) 38 plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poemsEssayist: Francis BaconThe Dramatic Career of William Shakespeare:The Third Period：Four Great Tragedies(Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth)Shakespeare’s Historical PlaysPrinciple: Nation unity under a mighty and just authority is a necessity.The first and second parts of Henry IV are the most widely read.Features of Shakespeare’s Drama:A. Shakespeare is one of the founders of realism in world literature;B. Shakespeare is a great master of the English language.C. Shakespeare has been universally acknowledged to be the summit of theEnglish Renaissance and one of the greatest writers the world over.What is a tragedy:A play having a serious mood and ending in death or disaster for the protagonist.A tragedy is usually about a hero who is good, even noble, but who has some flaw ormakes some mistake that brings about the final disaster.Hamlet --- Considered the summit of Shakespeare’s art. Comes from an old Danish legend. Regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular play on the stage.Soliloquy:戏剧独白In drama, an extended speech delivered by a character alone onstage.“To be or not to be”----- the most famousComedy:A play that is humorous and usually has a happy ending. Most comedies use both humorous situations and amusing characters. The Merchant of Venice: The most important play among the comediesS o n n e t: A fourteen-line poem written in iambic pentametertwo traditional types: Italian sonnet (Petrarchan) —Shakespearean SonnetShakespeare’s Sonnets: Totally154 Sonnets;Sonnet 18 is one of the most beautiful sonnets written by Shakespeare. It is a typical British sonnet. “Shall I Compare Thee to A Summer’s Day”Francis Bacon (1561 – 1626)A representative of the Renaissance in England. His Essays is the first example of that genre in English literatureBacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and powerfulness.He lays the foundation for modern scienceOf Studies is t he most popular of Bacon’s 58 essays.It analyzes what studies chiefly serve for, the different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies, and how studies exert influence over human character. Of studies reveals Bacon’s mature attitude towards learning.三．17世纪The English Revolution：The Restoration:William “Glorious Revolution”,expelled James II, prince from Holland be the king of England.John Donne (1572 - 1631): The founder of the Metaphysical school of poetry.The Songs and Sonnets Love is the basic theme Form: argument conceitsJohn Milton(1608 – 1774) A great English poethis 3 major poetical works: Paradise Lost 失乐园Paradise regained 复乐园Samson Agonistes 力士参孙Paradise Lost is Milton’s masterp iece, the greatest English epicSource of story: Old Testament Epic in 12 books, written in blank verseTheme: Expose the reactionary forces, praise the fighting spirits and appeal for freedomJohn Bunyan The Pilgrim’s Progress 《天路历程》 A Religious Allegory Allegory: A story with a second distinct meaning partially hidden behind its literal or visual meaning. The principal technique of allegory is personification, whereby abstract qualities are given human shape.四．18th CenturyHistorical background:Economically, At home Industrial Revolution. Abroad, vast expansion of colonies.free capital + free labor = the first powerful capitalist countrySocially, the middle class grew rapidly.Ideologically, Enlightenment MovementIt was a progressive intellectual movement , flourished in France. The movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance. Its purpose was to enlighten the whole world .The enlighteners celebrated reason or rationality, equality and science. They advocated universal education.Literatureneoclassicism (新古典主义）The 18th century is an age of prose rather than poetry.Early PoetryMid – century modern English/realistic novel (the most significant phenomenon in the history of English literature)Later years: Gothic Novels, Sentimental Poems, Romantic PoemsLiterary Representatives:➢Essayists : Joseph Addison Richard Steele➢Poet :Alexander Pope➢Novelists: Daniel Defoe Henry Fielding Jonathan Swift➢Playwright : Richard B. Sheridan➢Thomas Gray Sentimentalist➢William Blake, Robert Burns Pre-romantic poetRobinson Crusoe (By Daniel Defoe): It is an adventure story which represented the spirit of the time.The character ---- Robinson CrusoeA typical 18th English middle-class man at the earlier stage of bourgeoisie developmentJonathan Swift (1667-1745): A master satirist.Gulliver’s Travels〈格利佛游记〉The book is a satire of all aspects in English and European life. This book is artistic masterpiece. Four parts make an organic whole, each remain independent yet complementing the othersA Modest Proposal 〈一个温和的建议〉It is generally taken as a perfect model of Swift’s powerful satire.Henry Fielding: Farther of English Novel,the first to write a “comic epic in prose”The History of Tom Jones, a FoundlingTom Jones gives a comprehensive and realistic picture of the life of 18th century England, It bring author the name “Prose Homer”Thomas Gray (1716 –1771)A sentimentalist, leading figure of “Graveyard School”Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard Gray’s best and most representative workthe best of the 18th century English poetrySheridan and 18th Century DramaThe only important English dramatist of the eighteenth century.His plays are regarded as important links between the masterpieces of Shakespeare and those of Bernard Shaw.The School for Scandal:It is one of the great classics in English drama.It is regarded as the best comedy since ShakespeareIt is a sharp satire on the moral degeneracy of the high society in the 18th century EnglandWilliam Blake❖Two groups of short lyricsSongs of Innocence: depicting the happy and innocent world of a childSongs of Experience: paints with a melancholy tone a world of misery, poverty, disease, war, suffering.Robert Burns (1759 – 1796)His poems were written in the Scottish dialect. They reflect the life of the common Scottish farmers.Auld Lang Syne , A Red Red Rose五．Romantic Period (1798 – 1832)Publication of Lyrical Ballads (1798) to the death of Sir Walter Scott (1832)Romanticists see man as an individual, emphasize the special qualities of each individual’s mind and inner world of the human spiritWilliam Wordsworth – the leading figure of the English romantic poetry; regarded as “worshipper of nature”Lake poets: Wordsworth, Coleridge and SoutheyHis principles of poetry:“all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings”; ordinary peasants, children all may be used as subjects in poetical creation; language be near to the real language of men.His poetry: About nature: To a Skylark; To a Butterfly; To the Cuckoo; An EveningWalk….About human life The sailor’s mother; Michael; The Affliction ofMargaret; “Lucy poems”….I Wondered Lonely as a CloudGeorge Gordon, Lord Byron: (1788 --- 1824)Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage:Don Juan: Byron’s masterpiece. It vividly depicts the lives and manners of many lands, and bitterly satire the hypocrisy of his time.(famous excerpt The Isles of Greece)Byron’s chief contribution ---”Byronic Hero”A proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin. This hero would carry on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and would rise single-handedly against any tyrannical rules.Samuel Taylor Coleridge:One of the first critics to give attention to language.The Rime of the Ancient Mariner kubla KhanPercy Bysshe Shelley:Lyrics Ode to the West Wind (If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind) Poetic drama Prometheus Unbound, The CenciProse The Defence of PoetryJohn Keats:Odes Ode on a Grecian Urn, Ode To A Nightingale, To Autumn, To Psyche Jane Austen (1775 – 1817) one of the greatest women writers of the 19th century. Her major works ----- six novelsSense and SensibilityPride and Prejudice (five Bennet sisters and their search for suitable husbands) Northanger Abby, Mansfield Park, Emma,PersuasionStyle: she is a neoclassicismSetting: Within a narrow sphere --- “ three or four families in a country village”dancing parties, tea parties, picnics and gossips.Walter Scott (1771 -1832)realistic description of historical events.His contribution to English literature, even to world literature, is his historical novels. Ivanhoe六．The Victorian Period (1836 – 1901)Historical Background:Rapid economic development (industrial revolution + colonies)Serious social problems (Chartist Movement)Utilitarianism widely accepted and practisedLiterature: Critical Realism expose + criticizeVictorian Literature：Novel: Most VitalCharles Dickens(1812 – 1870) The greatest representative of English critical realism Gives a most vivid picture of the everyday life of the ordinary people of his time Major Works:The Pickwick Papers «匹克威克外传»Oliver Twist《雾都孤儿》Nichols Nickleby «尼古拉斯·尼克尔贝»The Old Curiosity Shop «老古玩店»American Notes«美国札记»Martin Chuzzlewit «马丁·朱述尔维特»Dombey and Son«董贝父子»David Copperfield «大卫·科波菲尔»his best book, most autobiographicalBleak House«荒凉山庄»Hard Times«艰难时世»Little Dorrit «小杜丽» A Tale of Two Cities«双城记»William Makepeace Thackeray (1811-1863)Mainly describe people of the upper and middle classesWas cynic and doubt the goodness of human nature,Vanity Fair (Title is taken from John Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress<天路历程)）Charlotte Bronte Jane EyreEmily Bronte A poet + a novelistWhuthering Heights Two families + a strangerThomas Hardy Novelist + PoetThe last important novelist and poet of the 19th centuryNaturalistic View of life:“Wessex Novels”:novels describing the vicissitudes of people who live in an agricultural setting menaced by the forces of invading capitalism.“Novels of character and environment”Under the Greenwood Tree 《格林树下》Far from the Madding Crowd《远离喧嚣》The Return of the native《还乡》The Major of Casterbridge 《卡斯德拉大桥》Tess of the D’Urbervilles《德伯家的苔丝》Jude the Obscure 《无名的裘得》Tess : Both a naturalistic and a critical realistic workGeorge EliotAdam Bede The Mill on the Floss Silas Marner Middle MarchSeek to present the inner struggle of a soulVictorian Poetry: pave the way for modern poetryLord Alfred Tennyson (1809-1892)Break, Break, Break Ulysses Crossing the Bar In Memoriam Robert Browning Dramatic monologueMy Last Duchess The Ring and the Book: (established his position as oneof the greatest English poets)七．The Modern Period （20th century）Theoretical base: Irrational philosophy, Theory of psycho-analysis (Feud)Irrational Philosophy: creation, intuition, irrationality and unconsciousness.Modernism: T he French symbolism heralded modernism. After the First World War, all kinds of literary trends of modernism appeared. Towards the 1920s,thesetrends converged into modernist movement.Modernism curbed in the 1930s. After the Second World War, post-modernism, like Existentialist literature, theater of the absurd, new novels and black humor, rose with the existentialist idea that “ the world was absurd, and the human life was an agony.“the red thirties”“The Angry Young Men”George Bernard Shaw:realistic dramatist More than 50 plays “problem pla ys” ( indignation)Widowers’ Houses Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionOscar Wilde:Spokesman for Aesthetic Movement,“Art for Art’s Sake”Novel: The Picture of Dorian Gray 《道林。