信管专业英语基础知识(1)概要
信管专业英语基础知识(1)

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专业英语中的词汇来源
来源于英语中的普通词,但被赋予了新的词义。 来源于希腊或拉丁语。 由两个或两个以上的单词组成合成词。 派生词(derivation) 借用词 通过词类转化构成新词 名词化
信息管理专业英语
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来源于英语中的普通词 但被赋予了新的词义
信息管理专业英语 的基础知识(一)
信息管理专业英语
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信管专业英语基础知识
专业英语的特点 信管专业英语词汇的构词法分析 信管专业英语资料的阅读与翻译 专业英语中的常用语法知识
信息管理专业英语
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1.1 专业英语的特点
科技文体是自然科学和技术人员从事专业 活动时使用的一种文体,如科学著作、学 术论文、实验报告、设计报告、科技产品 说明书、科技产品操作指导等都属于科技 文体。科技文体讲究逻辑的条理清楚和叙 述的准确严密,与其它文体有显著的区别
信息管理专业英语
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有短划线“-”连接的合成词
push +up → push-up 上拉 pull + down → pull-down 下拉 paper + free → paper-free 无纸的 jumper + free → jumper-free 无跳线的 user + centric → user-centric 以用户为中心的 power + plant → power-plant 发电站 conveyer + belt → conveyer-belt 传送带 machine + made → machine-made 机制的 reading + room → reading-room 阅览室
信管专业英语第一章精品PPT课件

1-#
1-5
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Reason of her success
➢Her determination, drive, innovation, and leadership ➢Acknowledge the important role her team plays ➢Value the input of the staff and the frontline workers
© Prentice Hall, 2002
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A Manager’s Dilemma
The one error that people make early on there careers is that they are very selective about opportunities, so they avoid some, prefer others. I always accepted all opportunities that presented themselves because from each one you can learn something, and they serve as a platform for future endeavors.
© Prentice Hall, 2002
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
AND ORGANIZATIONS
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Learning Objectives
You should learn to: – Explain what a manager is and how the role of a manager has changed – Define management – Distinguish between efficiency and effectiveness – Describe the basic management functions and the management process – Identify the roles performed by managers
专业英语(信管)教学大纲

专业英语(信管)教学大纲《专业英语》课程教学大纲课程代码:040642703课程英文名称:Professional English课程总学时:32 讲课:32 实验:0 上机:0适用专业:信息管理与信息系统大纲编写(修订)时间:2017.06一、大纲使用说明(一)课程的地位及教学目标本课程是一门职业基础课,其主要任务是通过本课程的学习,使学生应掌握信息管理与信息系统的专业英语词汇,能读懂英文的专业资料并能达到一般专业知识的英汉互译水平,将学生培养成为复合型人才,为他们今后走上工作岗位从事实际工作打下必要基础。
通过本课程的学习,学生将达到以下要求:1、掌握基本的信息管理与信息系统专业领域英语词汇;2、能阅读英文的专业资料;3、有一定的英汉互译水平。
(二)知识、能力及技能方面的基本要求1.基本知识:掌握初级的商务英语表达能力,了解信息管理与信息系统专业的常见名词,能够对其进行英汉互译。
词汇量要求为200个。
2.基本理论和方法:复习巩固基础英语中所学的语法知识。
能用所学词汇和语法知识正确理解与课文难度相仿的文章,能初步掌握英译汉的基本方法和技巧,能借助词典将与专业有关的英文资料译成汉语,基本通顺。
能听懂句子结构简单、语言材料熟悉的句子,能用英语进行简单的日常会话并能回答教师提出的简单问题,能组成意思完整的简单句子。
3.基本技能:掌握信息管理与信息系统专业的常见的听书读写的能力。
(三)实施说明1.教学方法:课堂讲授中要重点对基本语法和生僻词句进行讲解;采用启发式教学,培养学生思考问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力;引导和鼓励学生通过实践和自学获取知识,培养学生的自学能力;开展讨论课,调动学生学习的主观能动性;注意培养学生提高利用标准、规范及手册等技术资料的能力。
讲课要联系实际并注重培养学生的创新能力。
2.教学手段:本课程属于技术基础课,在教学中采用电子教案、CAI课件及多媒体教学系统等先进教学手段,以确保在有限的学时内,全面、高质量地完成课程教学任务。
信管专业英语Unit1

心有多远,你就能走多远
Management and Its Functions
Unit 1
目录
1
New words
2 3 4
Phrases Notes Text
5
Exercises
1 New words
[1]effectively adv. 有效地,生效地;有力地;实际 上 • If you can use a word correctly and effectively, you comprehend it. • 你如果能正确和有效地使用一个字, 你就了解它 了。 • But to do all that effectively, they must first jump out of the box and leave the building. • 但要有效地做到这一切,他们必须首先跳出框框, 离开充斥着成见的办公楼。
• [15]infuse vt. 灌输;使充满;浸渍 • vi. (茶叶、草药等)被泡 • Many of the girls seemed to be infused with excitement on seeing the snow. • 许多女孩子似乎一看到雪心里就充满了兴奋。 • The goal was to “access this genius” and let it infuse all design decisions. • 其目的是“接近这个精灵”,然后再由它将所有 的设计决定注入其中。
• [16]downsizing n. 精简,裁员;缩小规模 • She wasn't sheded in the bout of downsizing. • 在那次精简人员的大潮中,她幸运地保住了她的 工作。 • On downsizing, the first to go are those with few friends.
信息管理专业英语教程

信息管理专业英语教程英文回答:Information Management is a rapidly evolving field that encompasses the collection, storage, organization, and dissemination of information. It plays a vital role in various industries, including banking, healthcare, education, and government. As a result, information management professionals are in high demand.To meet the growing demand for skilled information management professionals, universities and colleges offer a variety of undergraduate and graduate programs in this field. These programs typically cover topics such as information systems, database management, data mining, and information security. In addition to technical skills, students also learn about the legal and ethical issues related to information management.Graduates of information management programs are well-prepared for careers in a variety of settings. They canwork as information architects, database administrators, data analysts, or information security analysts. With experience, they can move into management positions or pursue advanced degrees.If you are interested in a career in information management, there are a few things you can do to prepare yourself. First, develop strong analytical and problem-solving skills. Second, take courses in computer science, statistics, and mathematics. Third, gain experience working with data. Finally, network with professionals in the field.中文回答:信息管理是一个快速发展的领域,包括信息的收集、储存、组织和传播。
信息管理专业英语unit 1 Reading Material

Data(数据), Information(信息), Knowledge, and Wisdom(智慧) There is probably(可能) no segment(项) of activity in the world attracting(吸引) as much attention(注意) at present as that of knowledge management(管理). Yet as I entered this arena(领域) of activity I quickly found there didn't seem to be a wealth(丰富) of sources that seemed to make sense in terms of defining(定义) what knowledge actually was, and how was it differentiated(区别) from data, information, and wisdom. What follows is the current level(水平) of understanding I have been able to piece together(拼凑) regarding data, information, knowledge, and wisdom. I figured(认为) to understand one of them I had to understand all of them.According to Russell Ackoff, a systems theorist(理论家) and professor of organizational(组织的) change, the content(内容) of the human mind(意识) can be classified(分类) into five categories(范畴):Data: symbols(符号)Information: data that are processed(处理) to be useful; provides answers to "who", "what", "where", and "when" questionsKnowledge: application(应用) of data and information; answers "how" questionsUnderstanding(理解): appreciation(评价) of "why"Wisdom: evaluated(有价值的) understanding.Ackoff indicates(指出) that the first four categories relate(联系) to the past; they deal(处理) with what has been or what is known. Only the fifth category, wisdom, deals with the future because it incorporates(结合) vision(想象力) and design(设计). With wisdom, people can create the future rather than just grasp(掌握) the present and past. But achieving(达到) wisdom isn't easy; people must move successively through the other categories.A further elaboration(阐述) of Ackoff's definitions(定义) follows:Data... data is raw(未加工的). It simply exists(存在) and has no significance(重要性) beyond its existence (in and of itself). It can exist in any form(形态), usable or not. It does not have meaning(含义) of itself. In computer parlance(用法), a spreadsheet(电子数据表) generally(一般地) starts out by holding(含有) data. Information... information is data that has been given meaning by way of relational(相关的) connection(连接). This "meaning" can be useful, but does not have to be. In computer parlance, a relational database(数据库) makes informationfrom the data stored within it.Knowledge... knowledge is the appropriate(适当的) collection(组) of information, such that it's intent(目的) is to be useful. Knowledge is a deterministic(确定性的) process(过程). When someone "memorizes"(记忆) information (as less-aspiring(消极的) test-bound(被考试束缚的) students often do), then they have amassed(积聚) knowledge. This knowledge has useful meaning to them, but it does not provide for, in and of itself, an integration(整合) such as would infer(推导) further(更多的) knowledge. For example, elementary school(小学) children memorize, or amass knowledge of, the "times table"(乘法表). They can tell you that "2 x 2 = 4" because they have amassed that knowledge (it being included(包含) in the times table). But when asked what is "1267 x 300", they can not respond(回答) correctly because that entry(内容) is not in their times table. To correctly answer such a question requires(需要) a true cognitive(认知的) and analytical(分析的) ability that is only encompassed(包含) in the next level... understanding. In computer parlance, most of the applications(应用) we use (modeling(建模), simulation(模拟), etc.) exercise(使用) some type of stored knowledge.Understanding... understanding is an interpolative(添加的) and probabilistic(或然的) process. It is cognitive and analytical. It is the process by which I can take knowledge and synthesize(合成) new knowledge from the previously(以前) held(持有的) knowledge. The difference between understanding and knowledge is the difference between "learning" and "memorizing". People who have understanding can undertake(担任) useful actions(行动) because they can synthesize new knowledge, or in some cases(情形), at least new information, from what is previously known (and understood). That is, understanding can build upon currently(当前) held information, knowledge and understanding itself. In computer parlance, AI(人工智能) systems possess(拥有) understanding in the sense(意义) that they are able to synthesize new knowledge from previously stored information and knowledge. Wisdom... wisdom is an extrapolative() and non-deterministic(非确定的), non-probabilistic(非或然的) process. It calls(调用) upon all the previous levels of consciousness(意识), and specifically(特别地) upon special types of human programming() (moral(道德的), ethical(伦理的) codes(代码), etc.). It beckons to(示意) give us understanding about which there has previously(以前) been no understanding, and in doing so, goes far beyond understanding itself. It is the essence(本质) of philosophical(哲学的) probing(探索). Unlike the previous four levels, it asks questions to which there is no (easily-achievable) answer, and in some cases, to which there can be no humanly-known answer period(时期). Wisdom is therefore(因此), the process by which we also discern(辨别), or judge(判断), between right and wrong, good and bad. I personally believe that computers do not have, and will never have the ability to posses(拥有) wisdom. Wisdom is a uniquely(独特地) human state, or as I see it, wisdom requires one to have a soul(心灵), for it resides(存在) as much in the heart as in the mind. And a soul is somethingmachines will never possess (or perhaps I should reword(改写) that to say, a soul is something that, in general, will never possess a machine).Personally I contend(主张) that the sequence(序列) is a bit less involved(涉及) than described(描述) by Ackoff. The following diagram(图表) represents(表现) the transitions(变化) from data, to information, to knowledge, and finally to wisdom, and it is understanding that support the transition from each stage(等级) to the next. Understanding is not a separate(独立的) level of its own.Data represents a fact or statement(陈述) of event(事件) without relation to other things.Ex: It is raining.Information embodies(包含) the understanding of a relationship of some sort, possibly cause(原因) and effect(结果).Ex: The temperature(温度) dropped(下降) 15 degrees(度) and then it started raining.Knowledge represents a pattern(模式) that connects and generally(一般地) provides a high level of predictability(预言) as to what is described or what will happen(发生) next.Ex: If the humidity(湿度) is very high and the temperature drops substantially(充分地) the atmospheres(大气) is often unlikely to be able to hold the moisture(湿气) so it rains.Wisdom embodies more of an understanding of fundamental(基本) principles(原理) embodied within the knowledge that are essentially(本质上) the basis for the knowledge being what it is. Wisdom is essentially systemic(系统化的).Ex: It rains because it rains. And this encompasses(包含) an understanding of all the interactions(相互作用) that happen between raining, evaporation(蒸发), air currents(流通), temperature gradients(梯度), changes, and raining.Yet, there is still a question regarding(关于) when is a pattern knowledge and when is it noise(垃圾数据). Consider the following:Abugt dbesbt regtc uatn s uitrzt.ubtxte pstye ysote anet sser extessibxtedstes bet3 ibtes otesb tapbesct ehractsIt is quite likely this sequence represents 100% novelty(新奇), which means it's equivalent(等于) to noise. There is no foundation(基础) for you to connect with the pattern(模式), yet to me the statements are quite meaningful as I understand the translation with reveals(显露) they are in fact Newton's 3 laws of motion. Is something knowledge if you can't understand it?Now consider the following:I have a box.The box is 3' wide, 3' deep, and 6' high.The box is very heavy.The box has a door on the front of it.When I open the box it has food in it.It is colder inside the box than it is outside.You usually find the box in the kitchen(厨房).There is a smaller compartment(分隔) inside the box with ice in it.When you open the door the light comes on.When you move this box you usually find lots of dirt(灰尘) underneath(在...下面) it. Junk(垃圾) has a real habit of collecting on top of this box.What is it?A refrigerator(冰箱). You knew that, right? At some point in the sequence you connected with the pattern and understood it was a description of a refrigerator. From that point on each statement only added confirmation(确认) to your understanding.If you lived in a society that had never seen a refrigerator you might still be scratching(搔) your head as to what the sequence of statements referred(针对) to. Also, realize(认识到) that I could have provided you with the above statements in any order and still at some point the pattern would have connected. When the pattern connected the sequence of statements represented knowledge to you. To me all the statements convey(传达) nothing as they are simply 100% confirmation ofwhat I already knew as I knew what I was describing(描述) even before I started.译文:数据,信息,知识,和智慧目前,世界上可能有不断的活动吸引尽可能多的注意力去关注知识管理。
信息管理与信息系统专业英语:专业词汇的中英文翻译和具体英文介绍

1. informationInformation, in its most restricted technical sense, is a sequence of symbols that can be interpreted as a message. Information can be recorded as signs, or transmitted as signals. Information is any kind of event that affects the state of a dynamic system. Conceptually, information is the message (utterance or expression) being conveyed. This concept has numerous other meanings in different contexts.[1] Moreover, the concept of information is closely related to notions of constraint, communication, control, data, form, instruction, knowledge, meaning, mental stimulus, pattern, perception, representation, and especially entropy.(信息,在其最受限制的技术意义上,是一个序列的符号,可以被解释为一个消息。
信息可以被记录为标志,或传输信号。
信息是任何类型的事件,影响一个动态系统的状态。
从概念上讲,信息是信息(话语或表达式)的表达。
这一概念具有许多其他在不同语境下的含义。
[1]此外,信息的概念密切相关的概念约束、通信、控制、数据、形式、指令、知识、意义,精神刺激,模式,感知的代表性,尤其是熵。
(完整版)信息管理与信息系统专业英语词汇总结

Lesson1distributed applications 分布式应用程序competitive advantage 竞争优势data warehouses 数据仓库incompatible databases 不兼容数据库decision support systems 决策支持系统executive information systems 执行信息系统DBMS——database management systems 数据库管理系统entry 款目metadata 元数据mainframe computer大型计算机desktop computer台式计算机laptop computer膝上型计算机spreadsheet 电子表格LAN ------local area network 局域网database server 数据库服务器user views 用户视图data security 数据安全性data integrity 数据完整性concurrent user 并发用户data updating 数据更新data redundancy 数据冗余consistency of data and metadata 数据和元数据的一致性distributed database 分布式数据库telecommunications network 远程通讯网Lesson2automatic indexing自动标引human indexing 人工标引extraction indexing 抽词标引assignment indexing赋词标引controlled vocabulary 受控词表non-substantive words 非实意词index terms 标引词automatic stemming 自动抽取词干weight 权值clue words 提示词inverted file 倒排文档absolute frequency 绝对词频relative frequency 相对词频information retrieval 信息检索syntactic criteria 句法规则word string 词串NLDB——Natural Language DataBase 自然语言数据库MAI——machine-aided indexing 机器辅助标引recall ratio 查全率precision ratio 查准率descriptor 叙词thesaurus 叙词表semantic vocabulary 语义词表concept headings 概念标题consistency of indexing 标引的一致性underassignment 欠量赋词overassignment 过量赋词back file 备份文件main heading 主标题subheading 副标题access point 检索点Lesson3machine-readable form 机读形式source document 源文献subject indexing 主题标引back-of-the-book indexing书后标引indexing scheme 标引方案NFAIS——National Federation of Abstracting and Information Services(美国)国家文摘与信息服务联合会scope notes 范围注释permuted list 轮排词表CAS——Chemical Abstracts Service 化学文摘社character set 字符集statistical correlation 统计关联ISI——Institute for Scientific Information (美国)科学情报社co-citation indexing 共引文标引SCI——Science Citation Indexes 科学引文索引SSCI——Social Science Citation Indexes 社会科学引文标引bibliometric analysis 书目计量分析Lesson4performance enhancement 性能改善scarce resources 稀缺资源proxy servers 代理服务器JAVA executables JAV可执行程序source code 源代码streaming media 流媒体outsourcing 业务外包wild card characters 通配符real-time traffic analysis 实时流量分析static web pages 静态网页ISDN——Integrated Services Digital Network 综合服务数据网URL——Uniform Resource Locator 统一资源定位符HTML——Hypertext Markup Language 超文本标识语言CGI——Common Gateway Interface 公共网关接口XML——Extension Markup Language 扩展标识语言OR——Operation Record 操作记录IIS——Internet Information Services 网络信息服务Lesson5IR——information retrieval 信息检索search engine spam 搜索引擎垃圾soft computing 软计算data mining 数据挖掘information fusion 信息融合classification 分类clustering 聚类thesaurus construction 词表构建Web page categorization 网页分类JPG——Joint Photographic Experts Group 图像文件格式GIF——Graphics Interchange Format 可交换的图像文件格式PNG——Portable Network Graphic 可移植的网络图像文件格式the WWW Consortium 万维网联盟HTTP——Hypertext Transfer Protocol 超文本传输协议TCP——Transfer Control Protocol 传输控制协议ASCII——American Standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息互换标准代码CPUCentral Processing Unit 中央处理器Lesson6black-box services 黑箱服务delivering information 传递信息videoconferencing 视频会议cross reference互见,相互参照timeliness 及时性cross check 交叉检查,核对knowledge framework 知识结构Lesson7IP——intellectual property 知识产权electronic holdings of libraries 电子馆藏information infrastructure 信息基础设施copyright 版权patent 专利exclusive right 专有权subsequent editions 后续版本Lesson8encryption technologies 加密技术decrypted digital version 解密数字版本fair use doctrine 公平利用原则authenticity and integrity of the information 信息的可靠性和完整性DMCA——the Digital Millennium Copyright Act 数字千年版权法DVD——digital video diskencyclopedias 百科全书Lesson9CKO——chief knowledge officer 知识主管knowledge sharing 知识共享manual 手册competitive intelligence 竞争情报search engine 搜索引擎artificial intelligence 人工智能drill-down access 深度查询accessibility 可获得性knowledge discovery 知识发现quantitative data 定量数据qualitative data 定性数据virtual warehouses 虚拟(数据)仓库virtual library 虚拟图书馆relational database 关系数据库research and development 研发(研究与开发)directory 指南newsletter 简讯intelligent search agents 智能检索代理information resources 信息资源performance evaluation 性能评价Lesson10CIO——chief information officer信息主管ERP——Enterprise Resource Planning 企业资源规划CRM——Customer Relationship Management 客户关系管理Collaborative Applications Environment 协同应用环境workflow package 工作流软件包Lesson11rights of information users 信息用户的权利obligations of information users 信息用户的义务terms and conditions 条款。
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信息管理专业英语
15
功能词(function words)
❖ 它包括介词、连词、冠词、代词等。功能 词为词在句子中的结构关系提供了十分重 要的结构信号,对于理解专业内容十分重 要,而且出现频率极高。
❖ 研究表明,在专业英语中,出现频率最高 的十个词都是功能词,其顺序为:the,of, in,and,to,is,that,for,are,be。
信息管理专业英语
13
技术词汇(technical words)
❖ 这类词的意义狭窄、单一,一般只使用在各 自的专业范围内,因而专业性很强。这类词 一般较长并且越长词义越狭窄。
❖ 例如: bandwidth(带宽),Informatization(信息 化),superconductivity(超导性), Broadband(宽带)。Software(软件), hardware(硬件).
译文:功是能的传递,表达为力与力的作用点沿着力的方向
移动的距离的乘积。
信息管理专业英语
19
来源于希腊或拉丁语
therm 热(希腊语) thesis 论文(希腊语) parameter 参数(拉丁语) radius 半径(拉丁语) formula 公式(拉丁语) data 数据(拉丁语)
信息管理专业英语
词和关系副词等的广义连接词。
信息管理专业英语
11
1.2 专业词汇的构词法分析
1.2.1 专业英语词汇的构成特点 1.2.2 词汇缩略 1.2.3 专用术语
信息管理专业英语
12
专业英语词汇的构成特点
❖ 技术词汇(technical words) ❖ 次技术词汇(sub-technical words) ❖ 功能词(function words)
本句中的“work、energy、product、force”都是从普通词汇 中借来的物理学术语。“work”的意思不是“工作”, 而 是 “ 功 ” ; “ energy” 的 意 思 不 是 “ 活 力 ” , 而 是 “ 能 ” ; “ product”的意思不 是 “产品 ” ,而是 “乘 积”;“force”的意思不是“力量”,而是“力”。
multiprocessor 多处理器 internet 因特网 microcode 微代码 hypermedia 超媒体 teleconference 远程会议 telegraph 电报 barograph 气压记录仪 ultrasonic 超声的 hydro-electric 发电 extra-terrestrial 行星际的
信息管理专业英语
24
派生词(derivation)
❖ 这种方法也叫缀合,这类词汇非常多,专业英语词 汇大部分都是用派生法构成的,它是根据已有的词, 通过对词根加上各种前缀和后缀来构成新词。
❖ 这些词缀有名词词缀,如:inter-,sub-,non-, tele-,micro-等;形容词词缀,如:im-,un-,able,-al,-ing,-ed等;动词词缀,如:re-, under-,de-,-en,con-等。其中,采用前缀构成 的单词在专业英语中占了很大比例。
信息管理专业英语
26
有否定意义的前缀
anti- 表示“反对”
antibody 抗体
counter- 表示“反对,相反”
counterbalance 反平衡
contra- 表示“反对,相反” contradiction 矛盾
de- 表示“减少,降低,否定”
decrease 减少;devalue 贬值;decompose 分解
dis- 表示“否定,除去”
discharge 放电;disassemble 拆卸
信息管理专业英语
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有否定意义的前缀
in- il-(在字母l前)表示“不”
inaccurate 不准确的;illegal 违法的
im-(在字母m、b、p前)表示“不”
imbalance 不平衡的;impure 不纯的
信息管理专业英语
22
合成词中间的连接符被省略 形成了一个独立的单词
in + put input 输入 out + put output 输出 data + base database 数据库 Net + work network 网络 hot + line hotline 热线 on + line online 在线 web + site → website 网站 metal + work → metalwork 金属制品 Main + frame → mainframe 大型(主)机
信息管理专业英语
21
有短划线“-”连接的合成词
push +up → push-up 上拉 pull + down → pull-down 下拉 paper + free → paper-free 无纸的 jumper + free → jumper-free 无跳线的 user + centric → user-centric 以用户为中心的 power + plant → power-plant 发电站 conveyer + belt → conveyer-belt 传送带 machine + made → machine-made 机制的 reading + room → reading-room 阅览室
信息管理专业英语
25
典型的派生词
multimedia 多媒体 interface 接口 microprocessor 微处理器 hypertext 超文本 telephone 电话 telescope 望远镜 barometer 气压表 decontrol 取消控制 subsystem 分系统 non-metal 非金属
信息管理专业英语
17
专业英语中的词汇来源
❖ 来源于英语中的普通词,但被赋予了新的词义。 ❖ 来源于希腊或拉丁语。 ❖ 由两个或两个以上的单词组成合成词。 ❖ 派生词(derivation) ❖ 借用词 ❖ 通过词类转化构成新词 ❖ 名词化
信息管理专业英语
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来源于英语中的普通词 但被赋予了新的词义
mis- 表示“错误”
mislead 误导
non- 表示“不,非” 的
信息管理专业英语
3
1.1 信管专业英语的特点
❖ 专业术语多,而且派生和新出现的专业用语还在不断增加。 这些术语的出现是和信息技术和网络技术的高速发展分不开 的。例如:“Internet”、“Intranet”、“Extranet”等都是随 着网络技术的发展而出现的。“Information Entropy” ….” 信息化”
信息管理专业英语
23
复合术语
❖ computer language 计算机语言 ❖ System Maintenance 系统维护 ❖ System Analysis 系统分析 ❖ Information Management 信息管理 ❖ Electronic Commerce 电子商务 ❖ Data Redundancy 数据冗余 ❖ Decision Maker 决策人员
❖ 缩略词汇多. 如:“ERP” (Enterprise Resource Planning)、 “IS” (Information System) 、”PM” (Project Management) 、 “MIS” (Management Information System)(学生自己来 写) MRP material requi信r息em管e理nt专业pl英a语nning,CRM ,IR, IT 4
信息管理专业英语
8
准确性
专业英语的准确性主要表现在用词上。然 而在语法结构上也有其特点。例如,为了 准确精细地描述事物过程,所用句子都较 长有些甚至一段就是一个句子。长句反映 了客观事物中复杂的关系,它与前述精练 的要求并不矛盾,句子长结构仍是精练的, 只是包含的信息量大,准确性较高。
信息管理专业英语
信息管理专业英语 的基础知识(一)
信息管理专业英语
1
信管专业英语基础知识
❖专业英语的特点 ❖信管专业英语词汇的构词法分析 ❖信管专业英语资料的阅读与翻译 ❖专业英语中的常用语法知识
信息管理专业英语
2
1.1 专业英语的特点
科技文体是自然科学和技术人员从事专业 活动时使用的一种文体,如科学著作、学 术论文、实验报告、设计报告、科技产品 说明书、科技产品操作指导等都属于科技 文体。科技文体讲究逻辑的条理清楚和叙 述的准确严密,与其它文体有显著的区别
信息管理专业英语
14
次技术词汇(sub-technical words)
❖ 次技术词汇是指不受上下文限制的各专业 中出现频率都很高的词。这类词往往在不 同的专业中具有不同的含义。
❖ 例如:register在计算机系统中表示寄存器, 在电学中表示计数器、记录器,在乐器中 表示音区,而在日常生活中则表示登记簿、 名册、挂号信等。
信息管理专业英语
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Hale Waihona Puke 专业英语中的词汇来源❖ 专业英语的构词有如下两个显著特点:大部分专 业词汇来自希腊语和拉丁语;前缀和后缀的出现 频率非常高。
❖ 希腊语和拉丁语是现代专业英语词汇的基础。各 行各业都有一些自己领域的专业词汇,有的是随 着本专业发展应运而生的,有的是借用公共英语 中的词汇(Product-乘积),有的是借用外来语言 词汇(thesis-希腊语),有的则是人为构造成 的词汇。
例:Work is the transfer of energy expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which its point of application moves in the direction of the force.