应用翻译---科技文体翻译练习
科技英语翻译
1.To find the area of a square or oblong,you merely multiply its length by its width.将长乘以宽就可以得到这个长方形的面积。
2.This suggests that matter can be converted into energy.这就是说物质可以转化为能量，能量也可以转化为物质。
3.Quantum chemistry is still in its infancy.量子化学仍处于发展初期。
4.Even the protective environment is no insurance against death from lack of oxygen.即使有防护措施，也不能保证不发生因缺氧而死亡的情况。
5.In any amchine, input work equals output work plus work done against friction.任何机器的输入功都等于输出功加上客服摩擦所做的功。
6.Earthquakes are generally more destructive of life than volcanic eruptions.地震通常比火山爆发更具有杀伤力。
7.Heat should be applied slowly to avoid localized overheating.应慢慢加热以避免出现局部过热现象。
8.How rapidly a fuel burns depends on how thoroughly it is mixed with oxygen or air.燃料燃烧的速度取决于它与氧气或空气的混合程度。
9.Gene mutation is of great importance in breeding new varieties.在新品种培育方面，基因突变是非常重要的。
科技文体的翻译3
科技文体的翻译
科技英语的主要特点 The Main Features of EST
EST ( English for Science and Technology )
The Main Features of EST
根据搭配习惯选择
• • • • • • • • 例如：Deep A deep well A deep voice A deep red Deep in study A deep mystery A deep thinker Deep outrage
根据上下文选择
• • • • 例如：Move That car was really moving ! （ 真快 ） Share prices moved ahead today.（上扬 ） The story of their sufferings moved us deeply. （ 打动 ) • The MP moved an amendment to the Bill. ( 提议 ） • Unless the employers move quickly, there will be strike. （ 采取措施 ）
科技文体三类特殊句子的翻译
• 被动句的译法 一、译成汉语主动句的情况 1）原主语仍译为主语：主语为无生命的名词， 不出现介词by引导的行为主体时，可译为 汉语的主动句。 When rust is formed, a chemical change has taken place. 当铁锈生成时，就发生了 化学变化。
科技英语词语的正确理解与表达
• 词义的选择 1.根据词类选择 例如：LIGHT ︾ This light is too poor to read by. ( n. 光线） ︾ Aluminum is a light metal. ( adj. 轻 ） ︾ The beacon lighted the plane to a safe landing. ( v. 指引 ）
科技英语翻译(1-3章)
科技英语翻译1.1翻译的标准第1节翻译练习1The power plant is the heart of a ship.动力装置是船舶的心脏。
The power unit for driving the machines is a50-hp induction motor.驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。
第1节翻译练习2Semiconductor devices,called transistors,are replacing tubes in many applications.半导体装置也称为晶体管，在许多场合替代电子管。
Cramped conditions means that passengers’legs cannot move around freely.空间狭窄，旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。
All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space.我们知道，所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。
第1节翻译练习3The removal of minerals from water is called softening.去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。
A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts:blade and petiole.双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成：叶片和叶柄。
1.2对译者的要求第4节翻译练习1Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena.爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。
（直译）All four(outer planets)probably have cores of metals,silicates,and water.这四颗外层行星的内核可能都由金属、硅酸盐和水构成。
科技英语翻译练习总结(理工类)
科技英语翻译练习总结（理工类）练习1An electron beam weapon can damage or melt its target by the electrical resistance heating of the target because of the Ohm law.参考译文：根据欧姆定律，电子束武器可以借助电阻加热目标，破坏或熔化所攻击的目标。
，Such a slow compression carries the gas through a series of states，each of which is very nearly an equilibrium state and it is called a quasi-static or a ‘nearly static ‘process.参考译文：这样的缓慢压缩过程能够使这种气体经历各种状态，各种状态都很接近于平衡状态，所以称为准静态过程，或“近似静态”过程。
，静电、静力Standard temperature observations are made inthermometer shelters about 5 feet above the ground参考译文:标准气温测定是在离地面5英尺左右的百叶箱中进行的。
连词并列连接词and(和?)Certain materials such as silver and copper have many free electrons. And some materials have particularly no free electrons参考译文:有些材料比如银和铜有很多自由电子而有些材料几乎没有自由电子。
When EMF(电动势) is applied across the ends of a wire, many free electrons progress along the wire and current results.参考译文:电动势加在导线两端时,许多自由电子沿导线运动,于是/从而/所以就产生了电流We can go one step further and take the non zero slope of the actual curves into account.参考译文：我们可以更进一步将真实曲线的非零斜率考虑在内。
3-4 科技文体的翻译
Exercises:
1. The power plant is the heart of a ship.
发动机是船舶的心脏。
2. The power unit for driving the machines
is a 50-hp induction motor.
• 4. 复杂长句使用频率高 • 弄清主次，理清关系，可采用顺译法、逆译法、 分译法和综合译法 • The simple fact shows that the more of the force of friction is got rid of, the farther will the ball travel, and we are led to infer that, if all the impeding forces of gravitation and resistance could be removed, there is no reason why the ball, once in motion, should ever stop.
• locking dog 制动爪/锁定爪
• spike dog 道钉 • stop dog 止动器
• 3. 借用 • Monogamy （希腊）一夫一妻制 （直 接借用外来语） • Bicuspid （拉丁）双尖牙 • Boeing 737 波音737飞机 （借用人名）
• Brazilian pebble 石英水晶 （借用地名）
• 3. 象形译
• 根据物体的行状进行翻译
• H-beam 工字梁
• Cross-bit 十字钻头
• V-belt 三角皮带
• BASIC
高中英语科技论文翻译练习题20题含答案解析
高中英语科技论文翻译练习题20题含答案解析1.The term “artificial intelligence” is often translated as _.A.人造智能B.人工智慧C.人工智能D.人为智能答案解析：C。
“artificial intelligence”常见的翻译是“人工智能”。
A 选项“人造智能”不太符合常见的表达习惯；B 选项“人工智慧”虽然意思接近但不是最准确的；D 选项“人为智能”不太恰当，一般不用“人为”来修饰“智能”。
2.“Nanotechnology has many applications.” can be translated as _.A.纳米技术有许多用途。
B.纳米科技有很多应用。
C.纳米技术有很多用处。
D.纳米科技有许多使用。
答案解析：B。
“applications”常见的翻译是“应用”，“nanotechnology”是“纳米科技”。
A 选项“用途”不太准确；C 选项“用处”没有“应用”更符合科技语境；D 选项“使用”也不如“应用”准确。
3“The development of robotics is rapid.” is translated as _.A.机器人的发展是快速的。
B.机器人技术的发展是迅速的。
C.机器人学的发展是快速的。
D.机器人领域的发展是迅速的。
答案解析：B。
“robotics”通常翻译为“机器人技术”。
A 选项“机器人的发展”不准确；C 选项“机器人学”不太符合这句话的整体语境；D 选项“机器人领域”也不如“机器人技术”准确。
4“Biotechnology brings great benefits.” is translated as _.A.生物科技带来巨大好处。
B.生物技术带来很大益处。
C.生物工程带来极大好处。
D.生物工艺带来很大利益。
答案解析：B。
“biotechnology”常见的翻译是“生物技术”。
A 选项“生物科技”比较宽泛；C 选项“生物工程”不太符合这句话的表达；D 选项“生物工艺”也不准确。
科技散文翻译练习
科技散文翻译练习Please translate the following scientific prose into Chinese.If we look at the sky on a perfectly fine summer’ sday we shall find that the bluecolor is the most pure and intense overhead, and when looking high up in a directionopposite to the sun. Near the horizon it is always less bright, while in the regionimmediately around the sun it is more or less yellow. The reason of this is that nearthe horizon we look through a very great thickness of the lower atmosphere, whichis full of the larger dust particles reflecting white light, and this dilutes the pure blueof the higher atmosphere seen beyond. And in the vicinity of the sun a good deal ofthe blue light is reflected back into space by the finer dust, thus giving a yellowishtinge to that which reaches us reflected chiefly from the coarse dust of the loweratmosphere.At sunset, however, this last effect is greatly intensified, owing to the great thicknessof the strata of air through which the light reaches us. The enormous amount of thisdust is well shown by the fact that only can we look full at the sun, even when thewhole sky is free from clouds and there is no apparent mist. But the sun ’ s rays t reach us after having passed, first, through an enormous thickness of the higherstrata of the air, the minute dust of which reflects most of the blue rays away from us,leaving the complementary yellow light to pass on. Then, the somewhat coarser dustreflects the green rays, leaving a more orange-colored light to pass on; and finallysome of the yellow is reflected, leaving almost pure red. But owing to the constantpresence of air currents, arranging both the dust and vapor in strata of varying extentand density, and of high or low clouds which both absorb and reflect the light in varying degrees, we see produced all those wondrous combinations of tints and thosegorgeous ever-changing colors which are a constant source of admiration and delightto all who have the advantages of an uninterrupted view to the west and who areaccustomed to watch for those not infrequent exhibitions of nature ’ s kaleidoscopiccolor painting.With every change in the altitude of the sun the display changes its character, andmost of all when it has sunk below the horizon, and owing to the more favorableangles a larger quantity of the colored light is reflected toward us. Especially whenthere is a certain amount of cloud is this the case. These, so long as the sun wasabove the horizon, intercepted much of the light and color; but when the greatluminary has passed away from our direct vision, his light shines more directly onthe under sides of all the clouds and air strata of different densities; a new and morebrilliant light flushes the western sky, and a display of gorgeous ever-changing tintsoccurs which are at once the delight of the beholder and the despair of the artist.And all this unsurpassable glory we owe to—dust!晴空万里的夏季，假如我们察看一下天空，背向太阳仰望，就会发现头顶上空的蓝色最纯净，最浓烈。
高中英语科技论文翻译练习题20题含答案解析
高中英语科技论文翻译练习题20题含答案解析1.The development of artificial intelligence has brought many changes.中文翻译：人工智能的发展带来了许多变化。
答案解析：本句较为简单，“development”是“发展”的意思，“artificial intelligence”是“人工智能”，“brought”是“带来”的意思。
这个句子中没有复杂的语法结构，主要是一些常见的科技领域词汇。
2.Scientists are researching new energy sources.中文翻译：科学家们正在研究新能源。
答案解析：“scientists”是“科学家”，“research”在这里是动词“研究”，“new energy sources”是“新能源”。
句子是现在进行时态，体现了科学家们正在进行的动作。
3.The application of 5G technology is widespread.中文翻译：5G 技术的应用很广泛。
答案解析：“application”是“应用”，“5G technology”是“5G 技术”，“widespread”是“广泛的”。
句子主要描述了5G 技术的应用状态。
4.Robots are becoming more and more intelligent.中文翻译：机器人正变得越来越智能。
答案解析：“robots”是“机器人”，“become”是“变得”，“more and more intelligent”是“越来越智能”。
这个句子体现了比较级的用法。
5.The innovation of medical technology saves many lives.中文翻译：医疗技术的创新拯救了许多生命。
答案解析：“innovation”是“创新”，“medical technology”是“医疗技术”，“saves”是“拯救”。
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What Is a SketchThe mechanic must not only know how to read the language of the industrial world but must also know how to write it. He must be able to give his own ideas and describe an object to someone else. It is often necessary to make just a part for a machine. However, there is no time to make a drawing of it with instruments, no time either for a draughtsman to make a drawing. Sometimes only one piece of a machine part is to be made and, therefore, it would be inconvenient to have the draughtsman make a mechanical drawing.Sketches are important because they show ideas and dimensions of a machine part. The cleverest idea, however, may result in a great mistake if the sketch is poorly done. We must learn to make clean sketches to be easily read by others as well as by ourselves.Machine ElementsA machine consists of a number of machine elements. The most useful machine element in power transmission is the gear. The gear is virtually a wheel with a number of teeth. Gears must work in pairs. A pair of gears with different number of teeth will increase or decrease the speed of rotationPulleys and belts are very common in power transmission. They can also change speeds on machine tools. Gears or pulleys rotate on shafts. Theshaft must rest in bearings. Sometimes there may be couplings between shafts. We may use clutches to start or stop shaft motion.Some machine elements may be very large. Others may be very small. However, each of them plays a part in the construction of a machine.Cutting ToolsThe metal cutting tool separates chips from the workpiece in order to cut the part to the desired shape and size. There is a great variety of metal cutting tools. Each of them is designed to perform a particular job or a group of metal cutting operations in an efficient manner. For example, a twist drill is designed to drill a hole which has a particular size, while a turning tool may be used to turn a variety of cylindrical shapes.There are three basic types of metal cutting tools: single-point tools, multiple-point tools, and abrasives. A single-point metal cutting tool has a single cutting edge and is used for turning, boring, shaping, and planning. The most common machine tool that employs the single-point cutting tool is the engine lathe. Multiple-point tools have two or more cutting edges such as drills, reamers, and milling cutters. The cutting edge is that part of the tool where cutting is actually done. Grinding wheels are an example of abrasive cutting tools. Each grinding wheel hasa lot of abrasive grains which act as very small cutting tools.Limits and TolerancesMachine parts are manufactured so they areinterchangeable. In other words, each part of a machineor mechanism is made to a certain size and shape so itwill fit into any other machine or mechanism of the same type. To make the part interchangeable, each individual part must be made to a size that will fit the mating part inthe correct way. It is not only impossible, but alsoimpractical to make many parts to an exact size. This isbecause machines are not perfect, and the tools becomeworn. A slight variation from the exact size is alwaysallowed. The amount of this variation depends on the kindof part being manufactured. For example, a part might bemade 6 inches long with a variation allowed of 0.003( three thousandths ) inches above and below this size.Therefore the part could be 5.997 to 6.003 inches and stillbe the correct size. These are known as the limits. Thedifference between upper and lower limits is called the tolerance.When the tolerance is in both directions from the basic size, it is known as a bilateral tolerance ( plus and minus ). Sometimes the limit is allowed in only one direction. This is known as unilateral tolerance. For example, a hole may have to be 2 inches minus 0.000 inches, or plus 0.005 inches. This means that the hole must not be smaller than 2 inches, but can be as large as 2.005 inches.Surface FinishWithin recent years a great deal of attention has been given to the invesigation of the surface texture produced by various machining and finish operations, and, although we have not yet reached the stage when surface finish requirements can be specified and produced just as it is possible for a given dimension, information is being built up which may in the end bring this about.If a machine surface is reproduced to a large enough magnification it will be found to have a wevy profile, the character and shape of the waves varying for different machining methods. Equipment is now available which will produce an enlarged contour of a surface by traversing a needle-like probe over it, the instrument at the same time plotting on a chart a greatly magnified reproduction of the up-and-down movement of the probe with its longitudinal traverse.。