应用文体翻译

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应用文体翻译-ppt市公开课获奖课件省名师示范课获奖课件

应用文体翻译-ppt市公开课获奖课件省名师示范课获奖课件

公告语文体特点:
● 用寥寥文字,或用简要易解旳图示,或文 字与图示兼用,表达要求或引起注意;
● 选字用词规范原则、直白简洁,经常是一 种词或几种词构成旳精炼短语;
● 书写上每个词开头旳第一种字母要求大写, 或一语开头旳第一种字母大写,有时也有全部字母 大写旳,结尾一般不用标点符号;
● 构造上多用名词、动名词、动宾、主谓宾、 主谓构造;
• 翻译公告语时,要 注意文化含义,应 用范围,信息功能 和语言风格等方面。
• 巧妙地利用直 译、意译旳措施, 才干翻译好公告语, 到达交流旳目旳
提醒阐明型公告语
提醒阐明型公告语多以名词形式,当然也有 动词或短语形式,告知公众,提醒公众注意,主 要给人提供信息。汉语译文应多以名词形式,有 时也可使用动词或译成一句话,但用词一定要文 雅、精确,能代表一种国家、民族或城市旳文化 水准,语气要防止生硬,要符合汉语习惯,便于 大众接受。
For example: Waterloo International Station 滑铁卢国际车站 Westminster Station 威斯敏斯特站 Accredited as a Secure Station 安全无事故车站 City of London Information Centre 伦敦市旅游征询中心
few words about our manager, Mr. Franks, who is leaving us soon for another career.
First of all, let me remind you how valuable Mr. Franks has been to the company. He joined the firm at the age of eighteen as a trainee and was soon promoted. He worked in our Manchester and London offices before returning here to take over as general manager.

中英高级翻译-翻译概述

中英高级翻译-翻译概述

3. 按翻译材料的文体分类: 应用文体翻译 科技文体翻译
论述文体翻译新闻文体翻译 艺术文体翻译 4. 按处理方式分类:全译 节译 摘译 编译 译述
chéng xiáng), 生龙活 虎
• 亚洲四小龙
• 撒旦被称为dragon • 凶暴的女人为dragon
• She is a real dragon, you’d better keep away from her.
• 她是凶狠(xiōnghěn)的 母夜叉, 最好离她远点
精品资料
红 & red
精品资料
Dogs are men’s good friends.
• Every dog has its day. • a lucky dog • Love me, love my dog. • help a dog over a stilt • as faithful as a dog
• 人人皆有得意日 • 幸运儿 • 爱屋及乌 • 助人度过难关 • 形容(xíngróng)人的忠
精品资料
• 语言学观点(guāndiǎn): • Translation is “the replacement of textual material in
one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL)” (J. C. Catford, 1965:20). • Translation is “an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language” (Jakobson, 1959/1966: 233). • Translation is the expression in another language (or target language) of what has been expressed in another, source language, preserving semantic and stylistic equivalences (Dubois).

应用文体地道翻译资料分析解析

应用文体地道翻译资料分析解析

应用文体地道翻译资料存包处使用说明存1、 请按“存”键。

2、 取密码纸,自动开箱。

3、 存入物品,关好箱门。

取1、 密码纸靠近读码口自动开箱2、 取物后,请关好箱门。

Free Locker Deposit 1. Please press the key deposit. 2. Take the password paper. Door ope ned automatically. 3. Deposit your articles and close the door Withdrawal 1. The password paper is tight near the sca n. Door ope ned automatically 2. Please close the door afterwithdrawal no tice.Public Lock (参考的平行文本) To use 1. Open the door 2. Place articles in side 3. In sert quarter ( It will be retur ned) 4. Turn and remove key To remove contents 1. In sert key and tur n 2. Open the door 3. Quarter retur ns in slotPublic Lock To use 1. Press the deposit ”key 2. Take the barcode and the door ope ns 3. Place articles in side and close the door To remove contents 1. Press the barcode aga inst the sca nne and the door ope ns. 2. Remove the things and close the doo”例2旅客须知1. 旅客登记时,须凭足以证明本人身份的有效证件,并说明住宿原因。

应用文体翻译(信件)

应用文体翻译(信件)
Please accept, Your Excellency, the assurances of my highest consideration.
(signature, name in full)
Minister Extroordinary and Plenipotentiary of ××to China
I am ing from you soon.
五、结束语(Complimentary close) Sincerely yours, 六、签名(Singnature) Liu Dawei 七、 附件(Enclosure) 八、又及(postscript) P.S Please send all material by mail
英语信函的基本要素
一、信端(Heading),即信头,即寄信人的地址和日期, 写在信笩的右上角。
二、信内地址(Inside Address),即收信人的姓名和地 址,写在左上角,比右上角的约低两行。
三、称呼(Salutation),即对收信人的敬称或称谓,其 位置在信内地址的下两行处,并与之平头。
四、正文(Body),即信函的内容。 五、结束语(Complimentary Close),即写信人表示自
二、信内地址(Inside Astronomy) Chairman Department of physics and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston,Illinois USA
三、称呼(Salutation) Dear Chairman,
四、正文(Body) I am at present applying for admission and financial aid to your Department of Physics and Astronomy. I am now a

应用翻译---科技文体翻译练习

应用翻译---科技文体翻译练习

What Is a SketchThe mechanic must not only know how to read the language of the industrial world but must also know how to write it. He must be able to give his own ideas and describe an object to someone else. It is often necessary to make just a part for a machine. However, there is no time to make a drawing of it with instruments, no time either for a draughtsman to make a drawing. Sometimes only one piece of a machine part is to be made and, therefore, it would be inconvenient to have the draughtsman make a mechanical drawing.Sketches are important because they show ideas and dimensions of a machine part. The cleverest idea, however, may result in a great mistake if the sketch is poorly done. We must learn to make clean sketches to be easily read by others as well as by ourselves.Machine ElementsA machine consists of a number of machine elements. The most useful machine element in power transmission is the gear. The gear is virtually a wheel with a number of teeth. Gears must work in pairs. A pair of gears with different number of teeth will increase or decrease the speed of rotationPulleys and belts are very common in power transmission. They can also change speeds on machine tools. Gears or pulleys rotate on shafts. Theshaft must rest in bearings. Sometimes there may be couplings between shafts. We may use clutches to start or stop shaft motion.Some machine elements may be very large. Others may be very small. However, each of them plays a part in the construction of a machine.Cutting ToolsThe metal cutting tool separates chips from the workpiece in order to cut the part to the desired shape and size. There is a great variety of metal cutting tools. Each of them is designed to perform a particular job or a group of metal cutting operations in an efficient manner. For example, a twist drill is designed to drill a hole which has a particular size, while a turning tool may be used to turn a variety of cylindrical shapes.There are three basic types of metal cutting tools: single-point tools, multiple-point tools, and abrasives. A single-point metal cutting tool has a single cutting edge and is used for turning, boring, shaping, and planning. The most common machine tool that employs the single-point cutting tool is the engine lathe. Multiple-point tools have two or more cutting edges such as drills, reamers, and milling cutters. The cutting edge is that part of the tool where cutting is actually done. Grinding wheels are an example of abrasive cutting tools. Each grinding wheel hasa lot of abrasive grains which act as very small cutting tools.Limits and TolerancesMachine parts are manufactured so they areinterchangeable. In other words, each part of a machineor mechanism is made to a certain size and shape so itwill fit into any other machine or mechanism of the same type. To make the part interchangeable, each individual part must be made to a size that will fit the mating part inthe correct way. It is not only impossible, but alsoimpractical to make many parts to an exact size. This isbecause machines are not perfect, and the tools becomeworn. A slight variation from the exact size is alwaysallowed. The amount of this variation depends on the kindof part being manufactured. For example, a part might bemade 6 inches long with a variation allowed of 0.003( three thousandths ) inches above and below this size.Therefore the part could be 5.997 to 6.003 inches and stillbe the correct size. These are known as the limits. Thedifference between upper and lower limits is called the tolerance.When the tolerance is in both directions from the basic size, it is known as a bilateral tolerance ( plus and minus ). Sometimes the limit is allowed in only one direction. This is known as unilateral tolerance. For example, a hole may have to be 2 inches minus 0.000 inches, or plus 0.005 inches. This means that the hole must not be smaller than 2 inches, but can be as large as 2.005 inches.Surface FinishWithin recent years a great deal of attention has been given to the invesigation of the surface texture produced by various machining and finish operations, and, although we have not yet reached the stage when surface finish requirements can be specified and produced just as it is possible for a given dimension, information is being built up which may in the end bring this about.If a machine surface is reproduced to a large enough magnification it will be found to have a wevy profile, the character and shape of the waves varying for different machining methods. Equipment is now available which will produce an enlarged contour of a surface by traversing a needle-like probe over it, the instrument at the same time plotting on a chart a greatly magnified reproduction of the up-and-down movement of the probe with its longitudinal traverse.。

语义翻译和交际翻译在翻译中的应用

语义翻译和交际翻译在翻译中的应用

语义翻译和交际翻译在翻译中的应用沈涵文河南大学,河南开封475000一、文本类型理论彼得·纽马克是一位现代语言学教授,任教于英国萨里大学,主要从事翻译理论和翻译实践的教学。

纽马克在布勒语言功能的基础上,根据不同的内容和文体,将文本类型分为表达型文本、信息型文本和呼唤型文本。

表达型文本重视原文作者的权威,关注原作者思想感情,不会考虑读者的反应。

以下几种属于典型的表达型文本:抒情诗、小说、戏剧等严肃性作品;国家政治人物的演讲稿或文件、各种法规和法律文献等权威性言论;自传、散文和私人信件等抒发个人感情的作品。

这些纯属是作者个人感情的宣泄,读者背景模糊,不关注读者的反应。

信息型文本注重对客观事物进行描述,它的语言常常比较客观,不带个人特色,重在信息的传递,而语言正是传递信息的工具。

其用词、搭配等通常较为传统。

典型的信息型文本可以涵盖以下几个方面:经济、科学、技术、商业、工业等,常常以教材、报告、报纸、论文、备忘录和会议记录等形式呈现。

号召型文本强调以读者为中心,关注读者的反应。

目的是号召读者按照作者意图来思考、感受并有所行动。

典型的号召型文本包括:告示、说明书、宣传手册、广告等。

一个文本常常会具备几种功能,但往往以其中一种功能为主[1]。

同一文本会因为不同的交际时间、地点、背景和对象产生不同的功能[2]。

二、语义翻译和交际翻译理论含义20世纪末期,彼得·纽马克出版了《翻译问题探讨》(Approaches to Translation),在这本书中,他首次引入了语义翻译和交际翻译这两个概念。

语义翻译以原文作者为出发点,竭力将原文的信息贴切地传达出来。

其更偏重于对原文文本的呈现,也就是在不违反语法规则的情况下将原文内容尽可能地再现。

因此,在进行语义翻译时,译文应该在译语的语义和句法结构允许的情况下尽可能准确地再现原文的上下文意义,使得译文与原文在文体风格上尽可能地相似,从而使读者有更精准的阅读体验。

英语翻译硕士生毕业论文

英语翻译硕士生毕业论文

英语翻译硕士生毕业论文浅议实用英语翻译【摘要】本文探讨了实用英语翻译的理论和应用。

【关键词】实用英语翻译;看易写;模仿-借用-创新1.实用英语翻译的定位对于翻译的分类,有两种分法即将翻译分为文学翻译和非文学翻译。

按照这样的分类,给实用英语下的定义是“应用文体翻译以传达信息为目的同时考虑信息的传递效果,它区别于传达有较强情感意义和美学意义的文学翻译。

”方梦之,2021:47德国翻译理论家Mary Snell-Hornby将翻译分为三类:文学翻译Literary Translation,普通言语翻译General Language Translation,以及专门用途言语翻译Special Language Translation。

Mary Snell-Hornby,2001:32 其中的普通言语翻译就是我们所说的实用英语翻译,包括新闻、广告、电影、公示语翻译等。

“三分法”对于促进实用英语翻译研究意义重大,以往学者都对文学翻译关注更多,“两分法”就是以文学翻译为重心和出发点的,将翻译分为文学,普通,专门之后,可以使学者平等地对待这三类翻译,促进它们共同发展,尤其对近几年来问题较多,亟待改善的实用英语翻译给予特殊的关注。

2.“信”与实用英语翻译赵元任先生在《论翻译中信、达、雅的信的幅度》一文中认为“信”是“翻译中的基本条件”,但是翻译中的“信”度受多种因素制约,“信”有很多幅度,如意义和功用上的幅度,直译和意译的幅度,必具的范畴,语言的音调等等。

其中意义和功用的幅度即照字义翻译和按功用翻译,照字义翻译能说明原文说了什么,而按功用翻译则是去做原文相同情境中要做的事。

他指出,同样一句话,按字面翻译和按同样情形下译入语国习惯说法来翻译,经常会出现两种截然不同的情况。

比如,在中国午饭时间,两个熟人见面打招呼会说:“吃了吗?”,按字义翻译就是“Have you had your lunch?”,而按功用翻译则会为“How are you doing?”,因为在相同的情形下,中国人这么说,说英语国家的人则会这么说。

文学文体的翻译

文学文体的翻译


2) 人物语言的个性化
以上所谈的语言的形象性,主要是指作家在写景画物时所表现出来 的语言特点,而在一部小说中,尤其是在人物众多的小说中,作家为了 生动地再现形形色色的人物的个性,常常模仿他们各自的语言,使他们 说出合乎自己身份、地位、教养、性格的话来,有的可能非常文雅,有 的则会十分粗俗,有的则是方言俚语,极不规范,这是作家借人物语言 塑造人物形象的一个重要手段。如马克• 吐温的The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,小说的叙述部分即采用了经过锤炼的美国当代口语, 书中的人物对话更是原原本本的生活语言的照录,请看哈克与黑奴吉姆 的对话: "Hello, Jim, have I been asleep? Why didn't you stir me up?“ "Goodness gracious, is dat you, Huck? En you ain' dead-you ain' drownded-you's back agin? It's too good for true, honey, it is too good for true. Lemme look at you, chile ,lemme feel o'you…" 由此例可以看出,黑奴吉姆的语言充斥着讹读、省音、不合语法、 用词不妥(其中dat=that, En=and, ain'=ain't=are not, drownded=drowned, you's=you are,chile=child,o'=of),这些极不 规范的语言不仅仅只是传递了一种信息,透过它们读者可以推测到有关 这一人物更多的情况。
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关于“请小心衣服弄脏你的口红”的翻译
2090214132王俊
1.图片说明
●图片来源:李宁专卖店更衣室
●图片:
●文字功能:我们可以看到此图片中的中文标语是“请小心衣服弄花您的口红”,对应英
文翻译是”Please the careful clothes mishandle flowers you the lipstick !”.
此条标语是李宁专卖店内用来提醒顾客试衣服的时候不要把口红沾到衣服上,以免将其弄脏。

这条标语属于提示性公共语。

2.分析
●分析该图片标语: 从整个译本来看,这条标语完全是按照字面直译过来,首先语法是完
全错误。

请小心衣服弄脏您的口红,这句话是一个祈使句,并且用于提示作用,译文中careful 是形容词,前应跟be动词,在此句中前是定冠词the ,若是按照此版本来译,首先缺乏系动词。

在选择单词上也有不适,例如“mishandle”的本意是“粗暴的对待,虐待,胡乱的处置”,,显然这里对应的是弄,花的对应翻译就是flower,而根据原中文版本,句中弄花一起应是作为谓语动词的,表示把整洁好的东西弄脏,而对应的翻译mishandle flower 不仅词性不对,意义更是让人一头雾水。

●分析同等或类似功能的英语:还看到另外一个翻译版本是“Carefully try to avoid
lipstick touch on clothes” .先从后半分看起,此标语是为了提醒试衣服的顾客不要把口红印到衣服上,而对应的英文翻译是“avoid lipstick touch on clothes ”,很显然,在基本意思,信息对等上是符合的。

但是在此翻译中的“touch”一词使用是很有问题的,不难看出“touch”应是用来对应“印”的翻译,且在此句中是作为名词使用的,可“touch”作为名词是有触摸之意,是不能作为合适的对等翻译。

3.建议
●这条标语的目的,属于公众性提示语,表面上看是说不要让口红弄脏你的衣服,其言
下之意是怕你的口红弄脏了人家的衣服,但是这话反过来一说,反倒让试衣服的人不好意思。

文明穿衣,试穿文明。

这样,商家和消费者都会很愉快。

在应用文体翻译中,根据skopostheorie , 功能指的是从接收者角度所理解的文本含义或文本意欲传递的含义。

翻译目的论的定义是在目的与背景下,以目的语为目的,为目的语环境和读者,生产一个文本所以在翻译时应该直接按照其所表达的意义直接译。

上面这条标语是根据中国人的思维习惯,以及语境习惯所写的,而外国人思考事物的方式通常比较直接。

很显然像此译本中的翻译是极不合理的,没有明确传达标语本身目的。

综合以上对此译本的语法分析以及目的和理性分析,自然就更谈不上其优美之处。

因此对于本句的翻译建议修改为”No lipstick stain on the clothes !”.究其此标语的本质是为警示作用,译为以“no “开头的句子首先从语气上就达到了效果,句中的“stain “一词的选择也是很合适的,其本意是表示污点污迹,而此句的意图正是想表明口红若印到到衣服就将其弄脏,所以用词的恰当也让其信息的传达更简单明准确。

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