中石油通用英语选读课文40fundamental techniques in handling pe
中国石油天然气集团公司职称英语通用选读练习题
中国石油天然气集团公司职称英语通用选读练习题（01-40）说明：15、16、17、18、28、29、30、31暂无Lesson 11. It has to be a growth from ___, not a graft from ___.A with… withoutB within… withoutC without… withD without…within2. She is silently exhorting us to keep ___ this pioneering spirit without which every other effort will be meaningless.A liveB livingC aliveD aliving3. ___ their superb track record, we can expect OIL and ONGC to bring to their operations the finest in terms of managerial, technical and interpretative skills.A GivingB To giveC GiveD Given4. What is needed is the great leap forward, a dynamic surge to close the gap and thus ___ a serious economic danger.A pull offB take offC ward offD turn off5. This is ___ a distinguished 19 century French mineralogist calls the passion of the pioneer.A thatB whatC whichD where6. It is important that we respond to this summons for, quite simply, it is a summons ___ greatness.A inB onC toD for7. The nation can rest assured that the oil industry is fully aware of its responsibility and is ___ to meet the challenge.A getting upB turning upC making upD gearing up8. It has, through the decades, ___ for technical excellence.A strivenB striveC to striveD strivingLesson 21. One hundred of the stamps sold to the public became ___ as “inverts”, for the plane was printed upside down.A famousB knownC fameD know2. A single such stamp has been sold for ___ $6,500.A as many asB as few toC as much asD as little to3. He reached ___ the new sheets and handed on to Robey.A onB toC byD for4. He looked at other sheets and found that ___ was well centered.A allB everyC bothD none5. Then he told his friends ___ his discovery, and they, too, looked in the city’s post offices.A ofB forC toD in6. Not being a rich man, Robey decided to cash __ on his good fortune.A forB inC ofD by7. No one else wanted to ___ on the sheet for fear that Robey’s might not be the only upside-down sheet.A betB tellC bidD think8. The collector’s heart stood still as he saw that the sheet which ___ him had inverted centers.A had offeredB have been offeredC had been offeredD have offered9. No owner can ___ the thrill that . Robey had on that day in 1918 when he made America’s luckiest stamp find!A beatB winC getD matchof these “upside-down” airmail stamps are now ___ over $6,000.A worthB worthyC valueD valuelessLesson 31. The assumption ___ human cloning rests is that all genetic cells still contain exact copies of the original set of genetic instructions.A in whichB on whichC under whichD by which2. In the spring of 1996, a book was published ___the supposedly true story of an elderly millionaire.A toldB tells B telling D to tell3. People began to realize that we are ___ the threshold of a new age in the biosciences.A ofB onC inD by4. But some distinguished biologists offered their opinion ___ the book was pure fantasy.A whatB whichC thatD where5. But it is still a far cry ___ the much more complicated experiment on the carbon copy of human beings.A inB onC byD from6. Although it may look simple on paper, it isn’t ___.A in a wayB in practiceC as yetD for purposes can cause it to ___ a duplicate of yourself.A grow intoB grow upC get intoD get up8. They pointed out that cell researchers simply do not yet know enough to ___ sucha feat.A pull onB pull offC pull inD pull downis more than genetic make-up ___ makes an individual.A whatB whichC thatD when10. Fortunately, cloning research is not a technique for reproductive ___.A objectivesB purposesC supposesD subjectivesLesson 4, the Royal Family is supported ___ public funds.A onB toC fromD with2. Its recommendations led to the creation of the Press Complaints Commission, ___ the press was given the chance to regulate itself without the need for a privacy law.A in whichB by whichC under whichD with which3. Politicians and others are accountable ___ their lives.A toB forC withD in4. The Government will probably take no action ___ it receives a report from a committee chaired by Sir David Calcutt, due in January 1993.A beforeB afterC forD until5. This proposal would have made ___ unlawful to photograph people on private property or record their conversations without permission.A thatB itC toD which6. Hence, some editors say they are justified in ___ private lives to uncover any faults.A pry intoB prying intoC pry upD prying up7. It is also considering the ways ___ the press has invaded the private lives of the famous.A in whichB under whichC for whichD with which8. But a general law protecting privacy was ___.A declinedB deniedC rejectedD refused9. It also ___ a new criminal offence of physical intrusion to obtain information for publication.A supposedB proposedC closedD choosedsections of the media justify their intrusion ___ saying it is in the public interest.A byB inC forD onLesson 5one of their new jets ___ you, just start shooting and hope that you hit him.A hitB hittingC hitsD to hit2. ___ of us was thinking the same thing.A EveryB BothC AllD Each3. That’s ___ we had been told.A whenB whatC whereD whichwould streak down to ___ in the mountains below.A flashB smashC finishD wash5. Then we went back to the ___ of getting home.A businessB questionC matterD problem6. Did his guns jam ___ the last second?A onB atC inD under7. ___ the 3-inch-square chaff chute, I could see the enemy shells exploding just below us.A PassB FromC ThroughD On8. A guy’s chances of getting home ___ good.A wasB beC isD wereenemy had a fighter so fast we couldn’t even hold a sight ___ it.A atB forC onD by___ the other wais t gunner’s shoulder, I saw the enemy jet.A onB overC byD underthat shell had hit us half a second sooner, it ____ the pilot.A might hitB hitC have hitD might have hitLesson 61. One of the major concerns of students in any speech class ___ stage fright.A areB beC isD were2. The listener receives the communicated message and may provide feedback ___ the speaker.A withB toC forD ofspeakers adjust their voices to the larger audience and work at ___ physical mannerism and verbal habits.A avoiding to distractB to avoid distractingC to avoid to distractD avoiding distracting4. You will take a big step toward overcoming stage fright if you concentrate on ___ your audience.A communicating toB communicate withC communicating withD communicate to5. The need for effective public speaking will almost certainly touch you ___ in your life.A sometimeB any timesC sometimesD anytime6. You tailor your message ___ your audience.A ofB toC inD with7. Interference is anything ___ impedes the communication of a message.A whichB whatC thatD whospeech class will you an opportunity to gain confidence and make your nervousness work for you ___ against you.A more thanB less thanC would rather thanD rather than9. The situation is the time and place ___ speech communication occurs.A in whichB for whatC of thatD with whichcourse, public speaking is also different ___ conversation.A inB fromC forD ofinteraction of these seven elements is ___ determines the outcome in any instance of speech communication.A thatB whichC whatD whereLesson 71. What they are trying to say ___ that bits fall off machines—especially when they start to break down.A isB areC wereD be2. When he ___ the matter, he found three examples of direct copying of . theses in the department.A looked upB looked forC looked intoD looked at3. This example is part of a thesis that ___ have been plagiarized at Swansea University.A appearing toB appears toC to appearD appeared4. The case came to light when Ansymana Koroma appealed ___ a decision not to award him a .A forB inC withD against. Koroma’s appeal is ___ consideration and will be treated with due seriousness.A forB onC underD by6. He is ___ University of Wales to conduct an inquiry.A calling forB calling onC calling atD calling in7. He alleges that his department took five months ___ him with the oil necessary to his research.A providingB providedC to provideD provide8. I believe academic standards, particularly in the supervision of post graduate research, are ___.A wantingB wantedC wantD to want9. Mr. Koroma’s appeal is ___ consideration and will be treated with due seriousness.A ofB onC byD under10. He claims that Swansea accepted him as a student in 1992 ___ that no one in the engineering department had the necessary expertise to supervise his work.A knownB knowingC to knowD knew11. He was encouraged to repeat using dirty oil and to conceal flaws in research-- ___ he was failed by the external examiner.A in whichB by whichC for whichD under whichLesson 81. This is something like the way ___ high and low sounds are produced by a flute or whistle.A by whichB in whichC under whichD on which2. Whether or not hearing is really produced in all animals by the effect of pressure is not definitely known by scientists ___.A as suchB as forC as toD as yet3. We are ___ that at the end of the central hole in this outer ear there is something called the middle ear.A knowB awareC knownD awared4. ___ message is carried by a macula depends upon how it is affected.A WhatB WhichC WhereD When5. For instance, a certain kind of tadpole can ___ the depth of the water it is swimming in by the pitch of a tone which is produced by its own lungs.A sayB tellC speakD talk6. The same is true to still a larger degree of such animals as frogs and fishes, although in the frog we can at least see an eardrum.A trueB realC trulyD really7. Scientists must explore much ___ for more knowledge about how animals use their ears.A longerB farerC furtherD deeperhigh sounds are produced when the air is prevented by the holes ___ going through.A toB fromC ofD inthis is what produces the differences __ high ___ low sounds.A from… toB and… andC too… toD between… and sound waves enter the cochlea, they set a membrane into a ___ motion and cause a new wave.A back and forthB up and downC and so onD hand and hand message which is carried is not, however, always connected ___ the hearing sense.A forB toC withD from12. Even deeper lies the inner ear, the organ ___ we “hear”.A in whichB for whichC on whichD with whichLesson 9years ___, men sailed in ships that did not take them back to their homes for many years.A pass byB gone byC gone intoD pass to2. ___ a story about whales it is a good idea to learn as much about them as you can.A EnjoyB EnjoyingC To enjoyD Enjoys3. One group of whales ___, instead of teeth, long strips of bone, hanging from their upper jaw.A hasB haveC isD are4. Once whales ere hunted for whale-bone ___ for blubber.A as suchB as long asC as wellD as well as5. The whale ___ its strength and weight against the moving arms of the great squid.A protectsB matchesC leansD appeal6. It is for the valuable oil in blubber ___ whales are hunted.A whichB whatC thatD wherecould ___ the early whaling boats with one lash of its powerful tail.A turn downB turn offC turn up C turn over8. It ___ a group of whales called toothed whales.A belongsB belongings toC belongs toD belonging9. A crew of men sets to work ___ the great whale of its blubber.A strippingB strippedC to stripeD stripe10. Many a whale ___ battle scars that were left by a squid’s fierce struggles.A carryingB carryC carriesD to carrywhale was ___ because it was not easy to get.A worthB valuableC priceD costly12. There ___ many stories written about whales.A has beenB haveC hasD have beenLesson 101. The effective permeability is a ___ measure of the conductance of the porous medium for one fluid phase.A relativeB relevantC reflectD reveal2. The second method uses full-diameter core samples ___ of ft.A in growthB in lengthC in widthD in rate3. So far permeability is referred to rock conditions ___ a single-phase fluid saturation was considered.A whichB whenC whatD where4. In addition, there are many instances when, not two fluids, but three fluids exist in the rock ___.A respectivelyB evenlyC simultaneouslyD especiallysaturations, if know, should be specified to define completely the conditions ___ a given effective permeability exists.A for whatB in thatC for whichD in whichcan be determined from samples extracted ___ the formation or by in-place testing.A onB inC fromD out, ____ the many possible combinations of saturation for a single medium, Laboratory data are usually summarized and reported as relative permeability.A owing toB as forC comparing withD aside from becomes necessary, therefore, ___ the fluid saturation when stating the effective permeability of any particular fluid in a give medium.A to specifyB specifyingC specifiedD specifyis the ability ___ the formation to conduct fluids.A toB onC ofD with10. The medium can have a distinct and measurable conductance to each phase ___ in the medium.A presentedB presentingC presentD to presentas K is the accepted symbol for permeability, Ko, Kw, and Kg are the respected symbols for the effective permeability to oil, water , and gas ___.A respectB respectedC respectingD respectivelyLesson 111. All owe their origin to the oil ___ as petroleum, found deep in the earth.A to knowB knowC knownD knowing2. Such “sun ship” might travel ___ over one hundred kilometers an hour.A onB overC byD at3. Look inside the medicine cupboard __ more petroleum products, medical paraffin and petroleum jelly.A atB forC intoD out4. As you head for your bus, train or car, all ___ use petroleum products in the form of fuel to move them and lubricants to keep them in working order.A in whichB with whichC for whichD of which5. But ___ then the world will have to decide on its priorities.A long beforeB before longC so longD no longer6. Recently protein feeds for animals have been developed by growing yeast ___ a petroleum based stock.A intoB onC inD with7. Such “sun ship” would have a large enough surface area to carry the enormous number of solar cells necessary to move ___ appreciable load.A someB fewC anyD many8. One company has presented an idea ___ metal strips inserted in pavements and roads operate fly wheels by means of a piston action using hydraulic fluid.A with which Bfor which C under which D in which9. Oil, or electricity from oil-fed generators may be ___ you comfortably warm.A keepingB keepC keptD to keep10. Should airlines compete on similar routes allowing planes to fly long distances ___ empty passenger seats?A onB inC withD foris an old English saying, “___ is the mother of invention.”A NecessaryB NecessityC NecessarilyD Necessaries predict that the world’s known oil resources will ___ early in the next century.A run awayB run downC run intoD run outLesson 121. The earth and the moon were born together ___ from the same cloud of gas and dust.A at a timeB in timeC on timeD at the same time2. Another said that the moon material would explode ___ an astronaut’s boot touched it.A as soon asB as suchC as yetD as well as3. It has the same chemical elements ___ the earth and the rest of the solar system but in very different amounts.A as doesB to doC to hasD as havethe surface, however, there is no ___ of heat – no volcano, for example.A sighB signifyC signD significant5. Rock and soil samples and information of many other kinds have become ___ in recent years.A capableB considerableC stableD available6. However, the crust in almost ____ than the earth’s crust.A four time thickB four times thickerC thick fourtimes D thicker four timewith all we know about the moon, there is even more ___ we don’t know.A thatB ofC toD than8. It may also have a core, as the earth ___.A didB doC doesD doing9. ___, of course, the moon is very different.A By means ofB In contrast toC With respect toD In other ways10. So far, none of these theories ___ to be either right or wrong.A has been provedB have provedC has provedD have been proved11. ___ there seems to be heat someplace inside the moon, possibly a great deal of it.A Just nowB Right nowC Right awayD Just a moment12. ___ all we have learned from space flights, the moon is still a riddle from the distant past.A In order toB For our purposesC In spite ofD Except forLesson 131. He sometimes becomes more powerful than ___.A other cardsB any other cardsC any other cardD any others2. Of course, the blade has been made much ___ on the card.A shorterB longerC shortD long3. Julius Caesar, ____, is the King of Diamonds.A in a wayB by the wayC on the wayD in no way4. The playing cards we use today are much like ___ used for hundreds of years.A thatB oneC onesD those5. History from King David to Queen Elizabeth is all ___ playing cards.A in front ofB on the front ofC in the front ofD at the front of6. The figures are placed on each card __ the number or value of the card.A inB ofC forD with7. A Knave is usually a person who ___ trouble.A gets intoB gets awayC runs intoD runs away8. What do you think the suits ___?A bring forthB come aboutC stand forD make up9. These men made ___ famous for their courage and bravery, but they were not kings.A theyB themC theirD themselves.Lesson 14internal managerial relationships of legal persons and other organizations are governed by laws on companies or enterprises, not by the contract law, ___.A tooB alsoC as wellD either2. Both parties shall ___ the principles of honesty and good faith in exercising their right and performing their duties.A complain aboutB comply withC supply forD apply to3. The principle of voluntariness embodies the fundamental characteristics of civil activities and is therefore the unique principle of civil legal relationship that distinguishes it ___ administrative and criminal legal relationship.A fromB ofC inD between4. The contract concluded ___ the compulsory provisions of the law and administrative regulations is invalid.A in conformity withB in accordance withC in violation ofD consistent with5. No party may impose his own will ___ another and no unit or individual may illegally interfere.A toB onC forD inthe law or administrative regulations provide that a contract shall take effect upon ___such procedures as approval or registration, such provisions shall be observed.A going throughB going intoC going onD going byDraft Contract law stipulates that a contract means an agreement ___the subjects with equal status, that is, natural persons, legal persons and other organizations, establish, alter or terminate civil right – crating an obligatory relationship between them.A in whichB wheneverC wherebyD what8. Compared with that of the three existing contract laws, the scope of application of the Draft Contract Law is ___ enlarged.A approximatelyB appreciablelyC apparentlyD appropriatelyLesson 191. Austin expected to be shot on the spot. ___, the king sent a runner for fresh water.A InsteadB In spite ofC Instead ofD In practice2. Fish collectors pay ___ 19 cents for a guppy to $100 or more for hard-to-breed fish.A forB fromC toD atraising of pet fish goes back to the early days of the Sung Dynasty in China, about 900 ., ___ they were raised in small bottles as house pets.A whereB whichC whatD whentold ___ his crime.A withB forC ofD tointo the water and very ___, young Austin Strong saw shapes of double-tailed goldfish.A excitedB excitingC exciteD excitescontinue to regard them ___ a very fine sight.A forB withC onD asa busy aquarium store may sell up to $20,000 ___ of fish in a good year.A worthyB worthC valueD valuable___ $50 or more to set up a good salt water aquarium.A takesB costsC spendsD payslowered a bent pin ___ a piece of string.A attached toB close toC near toD tied todeveloped more than 100 beautiful kinds with ___ names ___ Falling Flowers, Seven Stars, Eight Melon Seeds, Piled-up-Gold.A so…asB such…asC either…orD neither…orpiece of the universe ___ great things happen—birth, life and death; mating and feeding before our eyes.A whenB whichC whereD thatLesson 20gave a concise definition of a trap as “ the place ___oil and gas are barred from further movement.”A whatB whyC whenD whereterm “trap” was first ___ a hydrocarbon accumulation by Orton.A applying toB applied toC apply toD applies to net pay is the cumulative vertical thickness of a reservoir ___ petroleum may be produced.A by whichB in whichC for whichD with which of the gross pay does not necessarily ___ productive reservoir.A made ofB consist ofC instead ofD lots of ___ oil, gas, ___ water may be sharp or transitional.A between…andB either…orC such…asD both…and contacts in a trap are generally planar, but are ___ always horizontal.A by all meansB by means ofC by no meansD what it meansmats cause considerable production problems by inhibiting water ___ displacing oil.A inB fromC withD foronly ___ a gross gravity separation of gas oil occur within a reservoir but more subtle variation may also exist.A doB isC doesD area trap contains oil and/or gas depends both ___ the chemistry and level of maturation of the source rock.A forB withC onD inlowest point ___ hydrocarbons may be contained in the trap is the spill point.A in whichB at whichC with whichD by whichdefinition needs some ___, however.A qualitiesB qualifiesC qualificationD qualificationsof a reservoir necessitates ___ the gross-net pay ratio across the field.A mapB to mapC mappedD mappingLesson 211. An acquaintance of ___ who lives in England and had never been outside it until last summer decided to go over to France for a trip.A meB myC ID mine2. I found a little place ___ they made quite good fish and chips.A whenB whereC whatD which3. ___ of these fancy bits for me!A OneB BothC NoneD Every4. And each side ___ to be detached and broad-minded.A managesB managingC to manageD manage5. He had gone to France determined to live there exactly ___ he was in England.A even thoughB althoughC even ifD as if6. I had fried eggs and chips, but it was ___ getting them to make them.A none of your businessB on businessC quite a businessD go back to the business7. Physical differences are not so difficult to adapt oneself to __ religious, ethical and irrational ones.A thatB asC forD than8. The criterion for judging a foreigner could be: Does he try to be polite and considerate to others? ___ : Is he like me?A Instead ofB Except forC For instanceD Instead9. And do you know, they ___ that it was marmalade?A resistedB insistedC suggestedD interested10. But actual physical contact with things __ is unaccustomed to is much more difficult to bear philosophically.A thatB whichC oneD all11. The Indonesian may explain this action rationally as ___ a difference in custom.A hearing fromB learning fromC asiding fromD arising fromdidn’t you eat ___ of the famous French food?A someB anyC everyD both13. I thought it useless to explain that we borrowed the word ‘marmalade’ ___ French, and that it means, in that language, any kind of jam.A fromB forC toD inLesson 221. And __ bad __ this quake was, many have been worse.A such…asB as…asC so…asD not so…as2. The ground ___ Yellowstone National Park began shaking violently.A with respect toB as a result ofC by no meansD inthe vicinity of3. There it is so hot that ___ hard rock there is material much like the hot lava that a volcano erupts.A more thanB insteadC instead ofD better than4. ___ even more frightening was the sound of huge boulders which began rolling down the steep mountain.A What toB How toC How wasD What was5. What causes these terrible shakes of the very ground ___ we live?A on whichB in whichC for whatD under that6. The layers of rocks are not laid __, as a bricklayer would build a wall.A evenB evenlyC unevenD unevenly7. Since the Yellowstone earthquake some people have said that they would never go to that area for ___ being caught in a landslide such as occurred after the earthquake.A worry aboutB wonder atC care forD fear of8. It is the earth’s 40 mile deep crust ___ we are co ncerned when we seek the cause of earthquake.A in whichB for whichC with whichD on which9. Because there the layers of rocks which make up the earth’s crust are not ___ even.A at allB for allC to allD in all10. At the same time we can understand the need of being ready to help those ___ do suffer such trouble.A whichB whoC thatD what11. Both the heaving of the ground ___ the noise were very frightening but lasted not quite 45 seconds.A ofB forC andD with12. Sometimes a break in the earth’s crust comes about, which starts such a landslide as ___ which occurred in Madison Canyon.A whatB onC inD that。
中石油职称英语阅读理解练习文章
中石油职称英语阅读理解练习文章中石油职称英语阅读理解练习文章本篇中石油职称英语阅读文章是关于文化禁忌的，每个文化都有着相同或者不同的禁忌，当我们到达那个国家时，我们需要注意，不要冒犯了别人。
下面是店铺整理的关于文化禁忌的中石油职称英语阅读文章及习题，希望能帮到大家!Cultural Taboos 文化禁忌1. The speed and convenience of modern travel means that(引导宾语从句) destinations that used to take a long time to travel to can now be reached quickly and easily. Even though "faraway" countries may now seem closer thanks to air travel, they may still be different from your home country. Therefore, it is important to adapt your behavior so that you don't insult or offend the local people. The following are some fundamental rules that will make communication easier and your trip more enjoyable.1、现代旅行的速度和便捷(convenience n. 便利)意味着过去需要花很长时间才能抵达的(that used to take a long time to travel to定语从句修饰destinations; used to do sth. 过去经常做某事; travel to 走访)目的地现在可以又快又轻松地到达。
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(44)
2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(44)Fundamental Techniques in Handling People 处理人际关系的基本技巧1.On the morning of April 15,1865,Abraham Lincoln laydying in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging house directlyacross the street from Ford's Theater,where John Wilkes Boothhad shot him. Lincoln's long body lay stretched diagonallyacross a sagging bed that was too short for him. A cheap reproduction of Rosa Bonheur's famous painting The Horse Fairhung above the bed,and a dismal gas jet flickered yellowlight.1、1865年4月15日清晨,亚伯拉罕.林肯奄奄一息地躺在福特戏院对面一家廉价客栈的卧房里。
约翰。
威尔克斯。
布斯枪杀了他。
那张下陷的床对身材修长的林肯来说实在太短了。
床的上方，挂着一件罗莎。
邦赫的名画《马市》的廉价仿制品，一盏阴暗的煤气灯发出惨淡的黄晕。
2.As Lincoln lay dying,Secretary of War Stantonsaid,"There lies the most perfect ruler of men that the worldhas ever seen."2、当林肯奄奄一息地躺着时，陆军部长斯坦顿说：“躺在这里的，是世界上有史以来最完美的元首。
”3.What was the secret of Lincoln's success in dealingwith people? I studied the life of Abraham Lincoln for tenyears and devoted all of three years to writing and rewritinga book entitled Lincoln the Unknown. I believe I have made asdetailed and exhaustive a study of Lincoln's personality andhome life as it is possible for any being to make. I made aspecial study of Lincoln's method of dealing with people. Didhe indulge in criticism? Oh,yes. As a young man in the PigeonCreek Valley of Indiana,he not only criticized but he wroteletters and poems ridiculing people and dropped these letterson the country roads where they were sure to be found. One ofthese letters aroused resentments that burned for a lifetime.3、林肯待人方面成功的秘诀是什么?我花了十年的时间研究亚伯拉罕。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文40Fundamental Techniques in Handling People处理人际关系的基本技巧
40 Fundamental<基本的> Techniques in Handling<处理> People处理人际关系的基本技巧1. On the morning of April 15, 1865, Abraham Lincoln lay dying<奄奄一息地躺在> in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging<寄住的，暂住的> house directly across the street from Ford's Theater, where John Wilkes Booth had shot him. Lincoln's long body lay stretched<伸展> diagonally<adv斜线地，对角地> across a sagging<下陷的，下垂> bed that was too short for him. A cheap reproduction<复制品，仿制品> of Rosa Bonheur's famous painting The Horse Fair hung above the bed, and a dismal<adj阴暗的，阴沉的，凄凉的>gas jet<煤气喷嘴，煤气火焰>flickered<发出> yellow light.1.1865年4月15日清晨,亚伯拉罕.林肯奄奄一息地躺在福特戏院对面一家廉价客栈的卧房里。
约翰·威尔克斯·布斯枪杀了他。
那张下陷的床对身材修长的林肯而言实在太短了。
床的上方，挂着一件罗莎·邦赫的名画《马市》的廉价仿制品，一盏阴暗的煤气灯发出惨淡的黄晕。
2. As Lincoln lay dying, Secretary of War Stanton said, "There lie s the most perfect ruler<元首，统治者> of men that the world has ever seen."2.当林肯奄奄一息地躺着时，陆军部长斯坦顿说：“躺在这里的，是世界上有史以来最完美的元首。
中国石油职称英语考试通用教材(2007).doc
1. President Hu Urges Efforts to Ensure Global Energy Security.（胡锦涛主席敦促国际社会协同努力保障全球能源安全）1. The international community should take joint efforts to ensure global energy security, Chinese President Hu Jintao said in St. Petersburg, Russia on July 17.2. "To ensure global energy security, we need to develop and implement a new energy security concept that calls for mutually beneficial cooperation, diversified forms of development and common energy security through coordination," Hu said in a written speech to the outreach session of the G8 summit.3. While global energy security is crucial to the economic growth and people's livelihood of all countries, the world peace and stability, and common development, "few countries can achieve energy security without joining in international cooperation," he stressed.4. In this regard, efforts should be made in the following three priority areas, Hu said.5. First, cooperation should be enhanced for mutual benefit in energy development and utilization.6. "To ensure global energy security, it is important to strengthen dialogue and cooperation between energy exporters and consumers and among major energy consumers," he said.7. He urged the international community to strengthen policy coordination and improve mechanisms for monitoring the international energy market and responding to energy emergencies.8. Second, a system for R&D and extension of advanced energy technologies needs to be put in place, Hu said.9. International cooperation should be promoted in R&D of key technologies in renewable energies, hydrogen power, nuclear power and other energy resources, and energy-saving technology should also be promoted, he said.10. Third, efforts should be made to maintain a sound political climate favorable to energy security and stability, Hu said.11. "We should join hands to safeguard stability of energy-producing countries and regions, the Middle East in particular," he said. "Energy issues should not be politicized, still less should countries willfully resort to force in tackling energy issues."12. Hu also explained China's energy strategy that can be summarized as follows: Give high priority to conservation, rely mainly on domestic supply, develop diverse energy resources, protect the environment, step up international cooperation of mutual benefit and ensure the stable supply of economical and clean energies.13. Hu pledged that China, as a major energy consumer and producer, "will make proper useof the international energy market and strengthen win-win cooperation with other energy producers and consumers on the basis of equality and mutual benefit to jointly safeguard global energy security."1、中国国家主席胡锦涛七月十七日在俄罗斯圣彼得堡发表讲话说，国际社会应该共同努力，保障全球能源安全。
中石油职称英语课文讲稿1-60第01课 (50)
51. Einstein's Inspiring[激励人心的] Heir[n.继承人].爱因斯坦的激励人心的继承人、1. He is almost totally paralyzed[adj.瘫痪的], speechless and wheelchair-bound[adj.被束缚的], able to move only his facial muscles and two fingers on his left hand. He cannot dress or feed himself, and he needs round-the-clock[a.一整天的] nursing care. He can communicate only through a voice synthesizer[语音合成器], which he operates by laboriously[ad.费力的]tapping[(tap):轻敲]out words on the computer attached to his motorized[给..装发动机的] chair. Yet at age 50, despite these crushing[决定性的] adversities[(adversity):n.不幸], Stephen Hawking[霍金] has become, in the words of science writers Michael White and John Gribbin, "perhaps the greatest physicist[n.物理学家]of our time." His 1988 book, A Brief History of Time, has sold 1.7 million copies around the world.1、他几乎完全瘫痪，不能说话，离不开轮椅，能够活动的只有他面部的肌肉和他左手的两个指头。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文16
16. Unconventional Oil and Gas非常规油气1.One of the universally<普遍地>accepted definitions<定义>for unconventional<非传统的> oil and gas is that they are extracted<开采、萃取>using techniques other than the conventional method.In terms of<依据，在某方面>the chemical composition,unconventional oil and gas are identical to<与…相同，identical同一的，同样的> conventional.Unconventional oil consists of<包含>oil sands,extra heavy oil and shale oil,which need advanced<先进的> technology to be extracted.Unconventional gas is found in highly compact<致密的，紧凑的>rock or coalbeds and requires a specific set of production techniques.1.非常规油气的一个广为接受的定义是它们是以非常规手段开发的油气。
从化学成分上来看，非常规油气和常规油气是相同的。
非常规石油包括油砂、超重石油和页岩油，但需要先进技术开采。
非常规天然气存于高度致密的岩石或煤层中，需要使用特殊开采技术才能获得。
2.Oil Sands2.油砂3.Tar sands <焦油砂>are a combination of<结合> clay,sand,water,and bitumen<沥青>,a heavy black viscous oil<粘性油>.Tar sands can be mined<开采>and processed<加工>to extract the oil-rich bitumen,which is then refined<精制，精练> into oil.The bitumen in tar sands cannotbe pumped<注入>from the ground in its natural state<自然状态>;instead tar sand deposits are mined,usually using strip mining<露天开采> or open pit<采石场，露天开采> techniques,or the oil is extracted by underground heating with additional upgrading.3.焦油砂是一种粘土、砂、水和沏青（一种重质黑色稠油）的混合物。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第41-50课_课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录41. HAPPINESS INDEX幸福指数 (2)42 BECOMING WEALTHY: IT'S UP TO YOU 致富取决于你自己 (7)43 OIL 石油 (10)44 JOB SATISFACTION <NEW> (13)45. HOW TO BECOME A SCIENTIST <NEW> (18)46. CULTURAL TABOOS文化禁忌 (21)47 MANAGING IN A GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT 在全球环境中进行管理 (25)48. THE CONSCIOUS USE OF THE SUBCONSCIOUS MIND <NEW> (29)49. THE BRITISH THROUGH MY EYES <NEW> (33)50 NOT QUITE READY TO RETIRE 退休为时尚早 (36)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分。
是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
41. Happiness Index幸福指数(index n. 索引；偏意：指数)1. In terms of happiness, your spouse—if you have one—is worth $100,000 a year.1、就幸福而言（in terms of 依据；按照），你的配偶(spouse)——如果你有的话——值10万美元一年（a year）。
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40 Fundamental<基本的> Techniques in Handling<处理> People处理人际关系的基本技巧1. On the morning of April 15, 1865, Abraham Lincoln lay dying<奄奄一息地躺在>in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging<寄住的，暂住的>house directly across the street from Ford's Theater, where John Wilkes Booth had shot him. Lincoln's long body lay stretched<伸展> diagonally<adv斜线地，对角地>across a sagging<下陷的，下垂> bed that was too short for him. A cheap reproduction<复制品，仿制品> of Rosa Bonheur's famous painting The Horse Fair hung above the bed, and a dismal<adj阴暗的，阴沉的，凄凉的>gas jet<煤气喷嘴，煤气火焰>flickered<发出> yellow light.1.1865年4月15日清晨,亚伯拉罕.林肯奄奄一息地躺在福特戏院对面一家廉价客栈的卧房里。
约翰·威尔克斯·布斯枪杀了他。
那张下陷的床对身材修长的林肯而言实在太短了。
床的上方，挂着一件罗莎·邦赫的名画《马市》的廉价仿制品，一盏阴暗的煤气灯发出惨淡的黄晕。
2. As Lincoln lay dying, Secretary of War Stanton said, "There lie s the most perfect ruler<元首，统治者> of men that the world has ever seen."2.当林肯奄奄一息地躺着时，陆军部长斯坦顿说：“躺在这里的，是世界上有史以来最完美的元首。
”3. What was the secret of Lincoln's success in dealing with people? I studied the life of Abraham Lincoln for ten years and devoted<投入>all of three years to writing and rewriting<润色>a book entitled<书名叫做>Lincoln the Unknown.I believe I have made as detailed and exhaustive<adj透彻的，彻底的，无遗漏的，详尽的> a study of Lincoln's personality<个性，人格，人品> and home life as it is possible for any being to make. I made a special study of Lincoln's method of dealing with people. Did he indulge in<热衷于，沉湎于>criticism? Oh, yes. As a young man in the Pigeon Creek<n小溪，小河> Valley of Indiana, he not only criticize d but he wrote letters and poems<诗> ridiculing<vt嘲笑，奚落 n揶揄，嘲笑，奚落>people and dropped these letters on the country roads where they were sure to be found. One of these letters aroused<引起> resentments<n怨恨，愤恨>that burned for a lifetime.3.林肯待人方面成功的秘诀是什么？我花了十年的时间研究亚伯拉罕·林肯的一生，并投入(devote to + n. / doing sth)了整整三年的时间写作和润色一本叫做《林肯不为人知的一面》的书。
我相信我已经尽了人类一切的可能，对林肯的个性和他的家庭生活，做了详尽和透彻的研究。
关于林肯待人的方法我还做了特别的研究。
(make a study of v.仔细研究)林肯热衷于批评吗？是的，年轻时，他住在印第安纳州的鸽溪谷；他不但批评他人，还写信做诗揶揄别人，他把写好的信扔到乡间街道上故意让人看到，其中有一封信所引起的怨恨，延续了一辈子。
4. Even after Lincoln had become a practicing<开业的，在工作的> lawyer in Springfield, Illinois, he attacked<攻击> his opponents<对手> openly<公开地>in letters published in the newspapers. But he did this just once too often.4.林肯在伊利诺斯州的春田镇，挂牌做了律师后，甚至投书给报社，公开攻击他的对手。
虽然他多次做这样的事都得以幸免，但这次他却遭殃了。
5. In the autumn of 1842 he ridiculed<讥笑> a vain<自负的>, pugnacious<adj 好斗的> politician<政客>by the name of James Shields. Lincoln damned<v讽刺，谴责>him through an anonymous<匿名的>letter published in Springfield Journal. The town roared with laughter<捧腹大笑，哄堂大笑>. Shields, sensitive<敏感的> and proud, boiled<怒火中烧，沸腾> with indignation<n愤怒>. He found out who wrote the letter, leaped<跳> on his horse, started after Lincoln, and challenged him to fight a duel<n/v决斗>. Lincoln didn't want to fight. He was opposed to dueling,but he couldn't get out of<退出> it and save his honor. He was given the choice of weapons<武器>. Since he had very long arms, he chose cavalry<n骑兵>broadswords<n大砍刀，阔刀，腰刀> and took lessons in sword fighting<刀术>from a West Point graduate; and, on the appointed day, he and Shields met on a sandbar<n沙洲> in the Mississippi River, prepared to fight to the death; but, at the last minute, their seconds<助阵者，助手> interrupted and stopped the duel.5.1842年秋季，林肯讥笑一个自大好斗的政客，这人叫詹姆斯·西尔滋。
林肯在春田的报上，刊登出一封匿名信讽刺他，令镇上的人都捧腹大笑起来。
西尔滋是个敏感和骄傲的人，怒火中烧。
他查出写这封信的人是谁，跳上了马，去找林肯(start after sb. )，要和他作一次决斗。
林肯不想打架，反对决斗，可是为了自己的面子又不能退出。
对方给他选择武器的自由。
林肯手臂特别长，就选了骑兵用的大砍刀，他向一位西点军校毕业生学习刀术。
到了指定的日期，他和西尔滋在密西西比河的河滩上碰头，准备决一死战，就在最后一刻，他们双方的助阵者介入并阻止了决斗。
6. That was the most lurid<adj可怕的，苍白的，耸人听闻的，血红的> personal incident<事件，小插曲> in Lincoln's life. It taught him an invaluable<无价的> lesson in the art of dealing with people. Never again did he write an insulting<侮辱的，无礼的> letter. Never again did he ridicule<取笑> anyone.(两句由Never引导的倒装句。
) And from that time on<从那时起>, he almost never criticized anybody for anything.6.在林肯的一生中，这是件最可怕的个人事件。
在做人的艺术方面，林肯学到了无价的一课。
他再没有写过侮辱人的信，也没有取笑过任何人。
从那时起，他几乎没有因任何事而批评任何人。
7. Time after time<屡次>, during the Civil War, Lincoln put a new general<n 将领，上将>at the head of the Army of the Potomac<波托马可河>, and each one in turn-McClellan, Pope, Burnside, Hooker, Meade-blundered<v犯错误，弄糟，跌跌撞撞地走n大错，失误>tragically<悲剧地，悲惨地>and drove Lincoln to pacing<踱步于，走动> the floor in despair<绝望>. Half the nation savagely<野蛮地，残忍地，粗暴地> condemned<vt谴责，判刑，处刑，声讨>these incompetent<无能力的，不能胜任的>generals, but Lincoln, "with malice<n怨恨，恶意，预谋，蓄意犯罪> toward none, with charity<仁爱，宽容> for all," held his peace. One of his favorite quotations<格言，引用> was "Judge<批评> not, that ye<别人> be not judged". And when Mrs. Lincoln and others spoke harshly<adv粗糙地，严厉地，刺耳地>of the southern people, Lincoln replied: "Don't criticize them; they are just what we would be under similar circumstances<情况，境遇>." He had learned by bitter<痛苦的>experience that sharp criticisms and rebukes<n/vt指责> almost invariably<adv总是，不变地>end in futility<n无益的事，无益，无用，轻浮的言行>.7.美国内战的时候，林肯屡次委派新将领（依次有麦克克林、波伯、伯恩赛德、胡克、米德），统帅“波多马克”军队，可是他们都相继惨败而归，使林肯绝望地在地板上踱步。