英语专业期末考试翻译试题(2),汉译英
2017年下半年11月全国翻译专业考试二级笔译实务真题(含官方参考译文-CATTI考试)
2017年11月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级《笔译实务》试卷备注：该参考译文来源于官方指定的新世界出版社出版发行的《英语笔译实务真题解析2级》，仅供参考。
Section 1: English-Chinese translation(英译汉)(50points)Passage 1Y ou’ve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone—it's always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moment’s notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New research s hows that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.Attachment theory proposes that our early life experiences with parents responsible for our well-being, are at the root of our connections to the adults with whom we form close relationships. Importantly, attachment in early life can extend to inanimate objects. Teddy bears, for example, serve as “transitional objects.” The teddy bear, unlike the parent, is always there. We extend our dependence on parents to these animals, and use them to help us move to an independent sense of self.A cell phone has the potential to be a “compensatory attachment” obje ct. Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists cite evidence that supports the idea that “healthy, normal adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects”Indeed, cell phones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of cell phone subscriptions exceeds the total population of the planet. The average amount of mobile or smartphone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day. Phones have distinct advantages. They can be kept by your side and they provide a social connection to the people you care about. Even if you’re not talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photos close by, read their messages, and follow them on social media. Y ou can track them in real time but also look back on memorable moments together. These channels help you “feel less alone”.Passage 2Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development it can combat environment deterioration in air quality, water quality and production in developing countries. Health education serves as a viable role for every member in the world. But some argue that it's a vague idea, some organizations may use it in its own interests, whether environmental or economic is the nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing countries overlook the local customs, habitude and people.Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a country's economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable during such circumstances because reliance on another state for armaments can be fatal.For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism. It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition, domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate. Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy.Imposing quotas is a method used to protect trade, since foreign companies cannot ship more products regardless of how low they set their prices. Countries that hope to help a new industry thrive locally often impose quotas on imported goods. They believe that such restrictions allow entities in the new industry to develop their own competitive advantages and produce the products efficiently.Protectionism’s purpose is usually to create jobs for domestic workers. Companies that operate in industries protected by quotas hire workers locally. Another disadvantage of quotas is the reduction in the quality of products in the absence of competition from foreign companies. Without competition, local firms are less likely to invest in innovation and improve their products and services. Domestic sellers don’t have an incentive to enhance efficiency and lower their prices, and under such conditions, consumers eventually pay more for products and services they could receive from foreign competitors. As local companies lose competitiveness, they become pressured to outsource jobs. In the long-run, increasing protectionism commonly leads to layoffs and economic slowdown.Section 2: Chinese-English translation(汉译英)(50points)Passage 1。
大学英语专业《翻译基础》考试题
《翻译基础》试卷III. Improve the following translations. (10%, 1 points for each correct answer)1. Apple tragically failed to understand this principle.（整与零）译文一：“苹果”公司悲剧性地未能理解这一原则。
译文二:2. A modern post office handles more mail in a day than the colonial carriers handled in a whole year.译文一：一家现代邮局一天之内比殖民地所有的邮差在整整一年的时间里处理更多的邮件。
译文二:3. There should be more publicity to encourage urban dwellers to give up their stereotype thinking that housing is social welfare right guaranteed by the State.译文一：应加大宣传力度，鼓励城市居民放弃老套刻板的思维模式，认为住房是由政府保障的社会福利。
（语序）译文二:4. It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.译文一：有一种公认的真理，那就是有产业的单身汉总要娶一位太太。
（语序）译文二:5. The least alarm of their movement would bring the enemy upon them.译文一：他们行动中最小的惊慌都会引得敌人向他们进攻。
（整与零）译文二:6. 他们对市场经济一无所知，因此，公司遭受了很大损失。
英语专业期末考试翻译试题(7),汉译英
2012翻译期末考试试题一．词语（10分）1..事实胜于雄辩Actions speak louder then words.2.有钱能使鬼推磨Money makes the mare go.3,Kill two birds with one stone一石双鸟。
4.One swallow does not make a summer.一燕不成夏5Forbidden fruit is sweet禁果格外香。
二．句子（20分）11 我们还没有来得及把话讲完，接线员就把我们挂断了。
The telephone operator cut us off before we had finished our conversation.12 有了盼头，会觉得太阳每天都是新的。
不管是望梅止渴，还是画饼充饥，它都会激励你不听手中的桨，去追逐哪怕一星微小的火光。
To a person cherishing hopes every morning rises a new sun. Eevn if it is a fantasy or an illusion, so it shows a ray of hope it still urges you on in pursuit of that little sparkle without letup.13 我愿和故乡的人，以及普天下的福建侨民，一同在精神和物质文明方面，把故乡建设的更美好。
I hope that together with all the people in my hometown as well as all overseas Chinese from Fujian, I can do my bit to make a still better place of my ancestral home, both materially and culturally.14 人有失错，马有漏蹄。
大学英语翻译题目(汉译英)
1. 学习外语的方法和学习游泳的方法一样，必须把实践放到第一步。
The way of learning foreign languages is the same as that of learning swimming: Practice must be put first.2. 我们是否谈得来？I’d like to know whether we can get along well.3. “小天鹅”牌洗衣机。
The Little Swan washer.4. 昨天看电影我没有买到好票。
I did not buy a good seat for yesterday’s film.5. 浓茶strong tea浓云thick cloud浓雾dense fog6.这种新型计算机价格贵。
The price of the new type computer is high.补充题（二）；1．那位教师介绍了他教物理的宝贵经验。
The teacher shared /passed on his valuable experience in teaching physics.2. 错误的结果必然得出错误的结论。
A wrong result is bound to/be destined to draw/reach/arrive at/come to/ make a conclusion.3. 新学期已经过去一个月了。
It has been one month since the new term began.4. 好汉做事好汉当。
A true man has the courage to accept the consequences of his own actions.5. 要敢于在公众面前讲话。
这是一个关，这个关必须过。
We should not be afraid of speaking before public. This is a barrier, we must go through.补充题（三）翻译以下句子，注意划线词语的理解。
英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷17
英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷17(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.汉译英（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.大陆和台湾同属一个中国。
中国是两岸同胞的中国，是两岸同胞的共同家园。
任何制造所谓“台湾独立”、“两个中国”、“一中一台”的分裂图谋和行为，均为两岸同胞所反对。
两岸“三通”，是两岸同胞共同利益之所在，也是两岸交往不断扩大的必然要求，不应受到任何人为因素和政治因素的阻碍。
我们希望尽快实现两岸全面“三通”，以开创两岸经济合作新局面，造福于两岸同胞。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Both the mainland and Taiwan belong to one China. China is the common homeland of compatriots on both sides of the Straits. Any separatist attempt and action aimed at cooking up " Taiwan independence ," "two Chinas," and "one China, one Taiwan" will be opposed by people on both sides of the Straits. The "three direct links" accords with the common interests of the people across the Straits. It is the inevitable requirement of constantly expanding cross-Straits contacts and should not be hampered by any artificial or political factors. We hope to realize the "three direct links" at an early date and across the board, so as to open up a new situation for cross-Straits economic cooperation and benefit compatriots on both sides of the Straits.) 解析：3.全会提出：着力保障和改善民生，必须逐步完善符合国情、比较完整、覆盖城乡、可持续的基本公共服务体系，提高政府保障能力，推进基本公共服务均等化。
大学英语专业翻译练习题
大学英语专业翻译练习题汉译英翻译训练1. 翻译的定义翻译是指把一种语言文字的意义转换成另一种语言文字。
简言之，翻译是一种用不同的语言文字将原文作者的意思准确地再现出来的艺术。
从以上翻译定义我们知道，原文的思想必须尽可能得到保持，不可有所增删。
译者的任务只是转换文字而不是改变其意思。
因此，翻译有两种要素：准确性与表达性。
准确性是翻译的首要条件。
译者必须谨慎地遵循原作者的意思，所选用的字词和句式结构必须如实地传达出原文的思想。
表达性是让译文易于理解。
换言之，译者必须用自己的手段尽可能地将原文的思想清楚而有力地表达出来。
准确性使译出的思想明确无误，而表达性则使译文生动，具有魅力。
焦点问题：词语的选择参考译文：Definition of TranslationTranslation means the conversion of an expression from one language into another. To say it plainly, translation is an art to reproduce the exact idea of the author by means of a language different from the original. From the above definition of translation we know that the original thought of the expression must be kept as far as possible. Nothing should be added to or taken away from the original work. The duty of the translator is simply to change the vocabulary, not the thought. In translation therefore, there are two essential elements: accuracy and expressiveness. Accuracy is the first indispensable quality of translation. The translator must cautiously stick to the author’s idea. Words selected and sentences constructed must be such as to convey the exact original thought. Expressiveness is to make the translationreadily understood. In other words, the translator must express the author’s idea as clearly and as forcibly as he can by the medium he employs. Accuracy is to make the thought definite and exact; while expressiveness is to make the translation vivid and attractive.2.文化的交流当今的世界，既非丝绸之路时代，亦非马可.波罗时代。
期末翻译试题答案 适合大学英语专业的翻译考试,作业
期末翻译试题题型及各部分分值1-2 长句部分上课列举的例子1. 他的观点被驳地体无完肤2. 但是一百年后，黑人依旧没有获得自由，一百年后，黑人的生活仍然不幸地被种族隔离的镣铐和歧视的枷锁桎梏着。
3. 将这一事实一带而过是无济于事的，需要强调和重复，充分地加以说明。
4. 所有的商品都免费送货，这个新计划在1998年亚洲经济危机最糟糕的时候启动实施。
5. 大规模杀伤性武器没有消失，由于在印度和巴基斯坦进行的核试验，核不扩散条约现在正遭到严重的破坏。
6. 对自己所做的事感到震惊，杰克冲向护栏，纵身跳向下面的岩石，在那里，大海迅速的淹没了他。
7. 将为中国提供多边论坛，用于商讨贸易问题年8. 决不能把个人利益凌驾于国家利益之上个9. 因此需要建立一种机制，让人们即能买得到，又能买得起.10. 他的谎言被当场曝光了重复1．发言人称国务院将修改安全规范和卫生规范2．电流的主要影响是磁效应，电效应，化学效应3．这是我们的立场，不是他们的立场4．他是个石油大亨，一个白手起家的石油大亨5．轰炸外国大使馆很明显的违背了国际法，尤其是违背了日内瓦公约。
6．无知是畏惧的根源，也是羡慕的根源7．世界人们正越来越关注另一项措施，这个措施使吸烟者越来越意识到自己的不良习惯8．总统十分欣慰地宣布，飞机从虚幻的遥远的喜玛拉雅地势低平的地方起飞9．尽管据称原子能发电站没有危害，但这种发电站依然被建在远离人群的地方。
10．这些请愿书一定会送到驻莫斯科的外国记者手里11．字母I代表我，O代表owe12．普通加速度是自由落体的加速度13．太空探测器在不到600英尺的地方穿过了火星，向地面传回许多火星表面的图片14．Out of sight, out of mind眼不见心不烦15．季节的每一次更迭，气候的每一次变换，以及一天中的每一个小时，使山峦的奇幻色彩和形状发生了变化，那些远近的家庭好主妇都把这看做准确的晴雨表正说反译1，第一次轰炸未击中目标2，Hasty makes waste勿用力过猛3，欲速则不达4，We may safely say so我们这样说万无一失5，The explanation is pretty thin这个解释是十分不充分的6，The doubt was still unsolved---他一再解释，一团仍然存在7，He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.他这人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无常8，Don’t lose time in doing—赶紧把信寄出去9，With no exception无一例外10，The significance of these incidents wasn’t lost on us.这些事件引起了我们的重视合译1. 安然起初一家公司的名字，然后变成了一桩丑闻的代名词，现在又用做一个及物动词2. 那声音来自远处，但他知道这是一群猎狗在狂吠3. 1953年，我刚从爱尔兰的科尔克勒来此寻找出路被动语态1. 这种不分党派的态度，最常见于秘密会议中2. 许多盆地是由于地壳下沉而形成的3. 他昨晚在一家剧院遇刺了定语从句1. 月球是一个声断音绝的地方，一个万籁俱寂的世界2. There are many people很多人想看这部电影3. 这些会议促使他辞职，理由就是他的年纪越来越大，身体越来越差4. 我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有国籍的某种标志5. 只有你能做到这件事6. 这是第一次我和老板发生严重的纠纷，7. 大使只宴请了几个人，因为他特别想她眼里是不错的丈夫人选和这几个人谈谈，听听他们的看法8. 他吃了一只蘑菇，结果就病倒了9. 钢零件上通常涂有油脂，免得生锈10. 水如果不清洁就会引起重病11. 趁你年富力强的时候，为人民做出更多的贡献吧12. 科学家皆勤奋分译1. 离公园几个街区便是与公园平行的克莱门特大街，哪有几十家民族餐馆，热闹得像第二个唐人街2. 他在公司的地位无可争议，又有相当可观的收入，这使得他在他眼里是不错的丈夫人选3. 他没料到他的知识如此渊博，但是觉得有些不好意思，没有说出口4. On December 31,2001,a dozen of members of the European Union 2001年12月31日，十二个欧盟成员国决定启用欧元5. 无论是在事实上，还是在感情上，我都不是他们的敌人，而是他们的朋友6. The shining flowerpot holder stood importantly in the west window--课外Neither should seek hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region and each is opposed to efforts (by any other country or group of countries) (to establish such hegemony), and neither is prepared to negotiate [on behalf of any third party] or to enter into agreements or understandings [with the other] (directed at other states).任何一方都不应该在“亚洲-太平洋”地区谋求霸权，每一方都反对任何国家或国家集团建立这种霸权的努力；任何一方都不准备代表任何第三方进行谈判，也不准备同对方达成针对其他国家的协议或谅解。
2014电大专科英语I(2)英译汉试题及
XX,全部出于此处，英译汉。
将下列英文句子翻译成中文，并将答案写在答题纸上。
I. Sa ndy is weari ng a long, black, silk dres 桑迪穿了条黑色的长丝裙。
2.1 had the windows cleaned yesterday. .昨天我请人把窗户给擦了。
3.1 came to London when I was 18. 我. 18 岁的时候来到伦敦。
4.It takes 45 minutes to get to the city centre from the hotel. 从宾馆到市中心需要花45 分钟时间。
5.0 ne of the biggest sport ing eve nts in the world is the Olympic Games奥运会是世界上规模最大的体育比赛之一。
6. While she was wait in g, her pho ne rang她正在等待的时候，电话铃响了。
7. Although it is very enjoyable, the film is too lo ng.虽然这部电影非常令人愉快，但是太长了。
8. We have eno ugh money to improve the website我们有足够的钱改进网站。
9. He came across an old violi n at his frien d's house他在朋友家偶然发现了一把旧提琴。
10. Although it is very enjoyable, the film is too long.虽然这部电影非常令人愉快，但是太长了。
II. I need to be at the airport by 6.00 o 我得在六丿点前到.达机场。
12. I must have left the camera in shop我一定是把相机丢在那家商店里了。
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翻译下列词语。
（1）雪中送炭help a lame dog over a stile（2）好好先生yes-man(3)一寸光阴一寸金an inch of time is an inch of gold(4)西部大开发western development(5)破产have/wear a green bonnet二．.翻译下列句子。
（1）幽默是智慧、学识、机敏的结晶，幽默在我们社会、家庭、工作、学习、生活中不可或缺。
Humor is the crystallization of wit, knowledge, and resourcefulness. It is also indispensable to our work, study ,family ,society ,and life in general.(2) 她使我知道人间的温暖;她使我知道爱与被爱的幸福。
It was to her that I owed my awareness of the fact that there is warmth in the world—that to show love is no less happiness than to be loved.(3)中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。
（邓小平）China can be counted on. Among other things, first, it upholds principles and second, it honors its words.(4) 月光如水一般，静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。
薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里，叶子和华仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样；又像笼着轻纱的梦。
Moonlight cascaded like water over the locus leaves and flowers, and a light blue mist floating up from the pool made them seem washed in milk or caught in a gauzy dream.(5)专家们认为，这种流行病不是由空气污染，就是由食物污染所引起。
The experts believed that the epidemic disease was caused by either air pollution or food contamination.（6）凡人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。
（A man cannot be known by his looks, nor can the sea be measured with bushel basket.）（7）人民军队离不开人民，就像鱼儿离不开水。
（The people is to the people’s army what water is to fish.）（8）可秋天又有什么可伤感的呢？秋天不是成熟的季节吗？（But why gloomy about autumn? Isn’t it the season of maturity?）（9）晚上我们从中国大使馆回旅馆的时候，天已经完全黑了。
（In the evening, it was already dark when we were on our way to the hotel from the Chinese embassy.）（10）这家飞机该有多大重量啊！它载着解放区人民的心，载着全中国人民的希望，载着我们国家的命运。
（What a heavy load this airplane bore! It carried the hearts of the people of the liberated areas, the hopes of the entire Chinese people, and the destiny of our country.）三、翻译下列段落1有一只乌鸦不好看，但特别聪明，智慧过人。
一天，它干完活又累又渴，真想喝水。
忽然，它看一只大水罐，满心欢喜。
它飞到水罐旁，一看罐里的水不多了，嘴探进去也喝不到，怎么办呢？它使劲地用身体撞水罐，又用翅膀推水罐，想把水罐弄倒，好喝水。
可是水罐又大又重，它的力量太小了，弄不倒这罐子。
忽然，它急中生智，可以叼些石子放到罐里，石子多了，罐子里的水不就升高了吗？这么想，就这么做了，它不厌其烦地一块一块地用嘴叼石子，功夫不负用功的乌鸦，终于放了很多石子，水上升了，它就喝到了水。
它痛痛快快地喝了个够，解了渴。
Near a big rock there is a bottle. Some water is in the bottle. A crow is hot and thirsty. He comes to the bottle, and stands next to the bottle, but he can't drink the water. because the bottle neck is very long. He thinks and thinks , then flies away. After a while, he comes back with a small stone in his mouth. He goes up to the bottle and puts the stone into the bottle, the water in the bottle comes up to it's neck. The crow drinks the water. He is very happy.2近几年来，父亲和我都是东奔西走，家中光景是一日不如一日。
他少年出外谋生，独立支持，做了许多大事。
哪知老境却如此颓唐！他触目伤怀，自然请不能自已。
情郁于中，自然要发之于外；家庭琐屑便往往触他之怒。
他待我渐渐不同往日。
但是近两年的不见，他终于忘却我的不好，只是惦记着我，惦记着我的儿子。
In recent years ,both father and I have been living an unsettled life , and the circumstance of our family going from bad to worse . Father left home to seek a livelihood when young and did achieve quite a few things all on his own . To think that he should now be so downcast in old age! The sad state of affairs of the family drove him to utter despair , and his pent-up emotion had to find a vent . That is why even mere domestic trivialities often provoked his anger , and he become less and less nice with me . However , the separation of the last two years has made him more forgiving towards me . He keeps thinking about my son and me .四、翻译下面一篇短文我从十二岁那年起就永远离开了学校，并且找到了第一份全职工作，是在一家食品杂货店里当伙计。
我整天扛很重的货物，干得倒也挺带劲。
要不是能干重活，我早就给辞退了。
因为老板想要我毕恭毕敬地跟着那些“上等人”说话，这样干，我实在受不了。
但是有一个礼拜二——是我歇半天班的假日——事情发展到让人难以忍受的地步。
每逢礼拜二我回家的时候，我经常替老板捎一大篮子吃的东西，给他的嫂子送去。
因为顺路，我也从没有说过不愿意。
可是就在这个礼拜二，我们正关店门的当儿，一批熏火腿送到店里来了。
“等一会儿”老板说道，说罢便打开火腿包，拿出一只，开始剔骨头，并用绳子缚起来。
我想回家，月登月不耐烦，那里是等一会儿，一等就是半天。
老板弄完了的时候都快二点半了。
然后，他就拿着那只火腿走过来，放在我身边的篮子里，叫我给一个订火腿的顾客送去。
这就是说我得多走一大段路才到得了家，我就仰起头来对老板说：“你知道我礼拜二是两点钟下班的吗？”我还没见过有人像他那次那么吃惊的呢。
“你是什么意思？”他气喘喘地说。
我对他说，我的意思是，像平常那样捎点货倒可以，那只火腿可不送。
他盯着我，好像我是一条不寻常的小爬虫，然后就暴跳如雷破口大骂起来。
可是我丝毫没有退步。
他拿我没办法就采取了新的策略。
“出去给我另找一个伙计，”他对一个店员大声喊道。
“你到底送不送？”老板转过身子，以威胁口吻问我。
我把说过的话又说了一遍。
“那就滚蛋，”他喊道。
于是我就出来了。
这是我头一次和雇主真正闹翻了脸。
Near a big rock there is a bottle. Some water is in the bottle. A crow is hot and thirsty. He comes to the bottle, and stands next to the bottle, but he can't drink the water ,beause the bottle neck is very long. He thinks and thinks ,then flys away. After a while, he comes back with a small stone in his mouth. He goes up to the bottle and puts the stone into the bottle, the water in the bottle comes up to it's neck. The crow drinks the water. He is very happy.When I reached the age of twelve I left the school forever and got my first fulltime job as a grocer’s boy. I spent my days carrying heavy loads, but I enjoy it. It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal, for I could never stomach speaking to my “betters” with the deference my employer thought I should assume.But the limit was reached one Tuesday ---my half holiday. On my way home on that day I used to carry a large basket of provision to the home of my employer’s sister-in-law. As her house was on my way home I never objected to this.On this particular Tuesday, however , just as we were putting the shutters up, a load of smoked hams was delivered at the shop. “Wait a minute, ”said the boss, and he opened the load and took out a ham, which he started to bone and string up.I waited in growing impatience to get on my way, not for one minute but for quite a considerable time. It was nearly half-past two when the boss finished. He then came to me with the ham, put it in the basket beside me, and instructed me to deliver it to a customer who had it on order.This meant going a long way out of my road home, so I looked up and said to the boss:” Do you know I finish at two on Tuesday ? ” I have never seen a man look more astonished than he did then. “What do you mean? ” he gasped. I told him I meant that I would deliver the groceries as usual, but not the ham.He look at me as if I were some unusual king of insect and burst into a storm of abuse. But I stood firm. He gave me up as hopeless and tried new tactics. “Go out and get another boy, ” he yelled at a shop-assistant.“Are you going to deliver them or not? ” the boss turned to me and asked in a threatening tone.I repeated what I said before. “Then, out of here, ” he shouted. So I got out.。