英语语法：被动语态
英语语法：被动语态的用法
英语语法：被动语态的用法1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。
I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。
Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。
2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。
3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。
Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。
4. 现在实行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。
They are planting trees over there. →Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。
5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在很多国家有很多人造卫星被送上了太空。
英语语法被动语态总结
英语语法被动语态总结一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时例 A new cinema is being built here．4）was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5）had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6）was/were being done 过去进行时例 A meeting was being held when I was there.7）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8）should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例Theproject will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
初中英语语法——被动语态
初中英语语法——被动语态(1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。
主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。
在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。
(2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。
被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。
具体结构见下表：[注]p.p.表示过去分词。
(1) 被动语态的用法：①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by短语。
如：A man was killedin the accident.(一个人死于事故)/ This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的)②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。
如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻)/ A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里将要修建一条铁路)③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。
如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的)/ A petdog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的)(2)主动语态如何改写为被动语态：+ 状语+ 状语(动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者)(3) 注意点：①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。
如：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典→他得到老师一本字典)也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。
英语语法结构——被动语态
Lesson3语法结构——被动语态内容提要英语中的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。
英语中只有及物动词、动词短语和某些成语才能构成被动语态。
被动语态的构成形式为“be＋动词的ED分词”。
在下列情况下用被动语态：不知道或不必要提出动作的执行者；强调动作的承受者；“get＋动词ED分词”是被动词的特殊形式；某些系动词用主动表示被动；表示状态或特征的及物动词没有被动语态。
总之，主动语态和被动语态是有一定区别的。
I被动语态的构成被动语态的构成形式为“be＋动词的ED分词”，随时态的不同，“be”发生相应的变化，下表是be在英语八种被动时态中的变化形式一般完成进行现在am，is，are + told have(has) been + told am，is，are + being told 过去was，were+told had been + told was，were + being told 将来will(shall) be + told过去将来would(should) be + toldII被动语态的用法一、当我们不知道动作的执行者时1) Colorful posters were in San Francisco in the 1960s to publicize rock shows.［A］print［B］prints［C］printed［D］printing2) The main ［A］stream of a river frequently is dividing ［B］into two or more ［C］branches near its mouth ［D］ .二、当我们不必要指出动作的执行者时3) The tenor drum(小鼓) is used primarily in military bands and is normally with small felt sticks.［A］play［B］played［C］to play［D］playing4) I’ll take down your name and address in case you as a witness.［A］are needed［B］will be needed［C］need［D］will need5) Cottage cheese，an American favorite ［A］，can made easily ［B］at home ［C］from milk ［D］，lemon，juice，and salt.三、当我们强调或侧重动作的承受者时,这时我们通常用by引出动作的执行者6) The seating of musicians in an orchestra is arranged to produce the desired blend of sounds from the various musical sections.A the conductor ofB from the conductorC the conductor andD by the conductor7) The bridge was hitting ［A］by a large ship during ［B］a sudden ［C］storm last ［D］week.四、“get＋ed分词”的被动语态,这时习惯固定用法，这种结构往往更强调动作的结果而非动作的本身8) “Your daughter has two children, doesn’t she?”“That’s right. She in 1970.”［A］did marriage［B］was married［C］had married［D］got married9) Supposing you five bottles of beer, do you think you would get drunk?［A］were drinking［B］have drunk［C］were to drink［D］drink五、主动形式表示被动意义,如某些系动词如cook, feel, prove, smell和taste等其主动语态表示被动的意义10) The patted shoes that my wife bought me comfortable.［A］felt［B］feels［C］was felt［D］is felt11) As ［A］the proverb says ［B］, “Good medicine is tasted ［C］bitter to ［D］the mouth.”六、没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如contain, cost, fit, have, lack, suit等没有被动形式，另外，诸如happen, occur, take place, break out 等不及物动词或短语以及诸如result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态12) Some critics maintain that when ［A］a work of literature is lacked ［B］reference to ［C］the general experience of mankind，it fails as art ［D］ .13) The book that I bought ［A］the day before ［B］yesterday is costed ［C］me twenty and a half yuan ［D］ .［注］除此之外，某些词如反身代词和相互代词以及ING和不定式不能作为被动语态的主语；某些被动语态没有相应的主动语态如“I was born in 1966.”。
中学英语实用语法—被动语态
被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
对于被动语态的考查，多集中在被动语态的结构及时态，以及被动语态的判断及动词过去分词的正确拼写方面。
在学习过程中，要对揣摩句子的含义，掌握动词过去分词的变形方式及不规则变化。
【知识网络】被动语态的构成 ①实义动词的被动语态的构成 ②含有情态动词的被动语态的构成①不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者②强调动作的承受着③动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物④表示委婉或礼貌、避免提及动作执行者⑤句法修饰的需要⑥有些动词习惯上常用被动语态被动语态的用法①说明主语的性质、特征的动词，用主动形式表达被动意义。
②表示感官的连系动词，用主动形式表达被动意义。
③某些动词后用动名词的主动形式表达被动意义。
④有些作表语的不定式，在结构上是主动的，但意义上却是被动的被动语态①主语（原宾语）+谓语（被动式）（+by...)②主语（原间接宾语）+谓语（被动式）+原直接宾语（+by...） ③主语（原直接宾语）+谓语（被动式）+to/for+原间接宾语（+by 短语)④主语（原宾语）+谓语（被动式）+主语补足语（+by...）⑤主语（原宾语）+谓语（被动式）+介词/副词（+by...） ①不及物动词和系动词无被动语态②某些及物动词或及物性质的短语动词也不能用被动语态 ③反身代词和相互代词作宾语的句子不能用被动语态④宾语是不定式或动名词的句子不可用被动语态主动语态变被动语态主动形式表达被动意不能使用被动语态的情况【知识详单】一、被动语态的构成1. 实义动词的被动语态的构成实义动词的被动语态由“be+（及物动词的）过去分词”构成。
句式构成举例肯定句式主语+be+过去分词（+by...）English is spoken everywhere.到处有人说英语。
否定句式主语+be+not+过去分词（+by...）English isn’t spoken by people here.这里的人不说英语。
初中英语语法：被动语态
初中英语语法：被动语态概念：英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者.构成：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成；含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词"构成被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not；而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。
He was asked to go to the meeting immediately。
他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。
This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。
Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin？这种自行车是在天津制造的吗?用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时，常用被动语态。
These desks are made of wood。
这些桌子是由木头做成的.2。
当需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。
Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。
3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。
The homework must be handed in next Monday。
作业必须下周一交上。
被动语态的转换步骤：当主动语态变为被动语态时，通常要经过四步:1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其谓语动词。
2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语,若宾语是人称代词时，应把宾格变为主格3。
把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词"，但时态不能改变。
4。
把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时可略去“by+宾语”）,若主语是人称代词时，应把主格变成宾格。
英语语法-被动语态
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• • • • • • • • •
The sentences read clearly. 这些句子读起来很清楚。（即这句子没有歧义） The sentences are read clearly. 这些句子被读得很清楚。（指读的人读得好） 另外，上述用法也可用于进行时态。 The vegetable are cooking. 蔬菜正在煮着。 Is the book selling well? 这书销售情况如何?
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• 4.某些表示开始和结束的动词（如begin, start, finish, end等），当主语为实物且不强调动作的 执行者时，可用主动语态表示被动意义。 • When does the concert begin? • The play ended at ten o’clock. • 5.有的动词本身含有被动意味，通常用主动形 式 表示被动含义。 • My skirt caught on a nail. • 我的裙子被钉子钩住了。 • Soon the house filled with people. • 很快房子里就挤满了人。
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• 3.不定式用于某些动词（have, let, got, get, want, need等） 的宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子 的主语，则要用主动形式表示被动意义。 • I have some letters to read. • I want to get something to eat. • 如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则应用被动 式，比较 • I have something to type. • 我有些东西要打。（指自己打） • I have something to be done. • 我有些东西要打。（指请人打字）
英语语法：被动语态用法大全
英语语法：被动语态用法大全英语语法中的被动语态是我们经常用到的一种语句结构，下面就是小编给大家带来的英语语法：被动语态用法大全，希望能帮助到大家!英语语法：被动语态用法大全概念语态(Voice)是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
英语的语态包括两种形式：主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
He opened the door.他开了门。
(主动句)The door was opened.门被开了。
(被动句) 构成His bicycle was stolen.The building has been built in 2000.通过上面的例句，可以看出，“被动语态”的构成是：be + 过去分词( + by + 动作执行者)形式被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，强调动作是由什么人或什么东西而发出时，常用介词“by +行为发出者”，即be+done+by+行为发出者。
被动语态可用于各种时态，通过助动词be的变化来表示：1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词Ourclassroom is cleaned every day.This car is made in China.2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词His desk was cleaned just now.The station was built in 1928.3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory is being built in our city now.Some trees are being cut down in the park.4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory was being built in our city at that time.Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.5、一般将来时的被动语态:(A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词(B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.Some new factories will be built in our city this year.Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.6、过去将来时的被动语态:(1)would / should + be + 动词的过去分词(2)was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.Your watch has been mended already.8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词He said that some new factories had been built in the city.I didn’t know that my watch had been mended .9、含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done(1)You must hand in your homework after class.Your homework must be handed in after class.(2)He can write a letter with the computer.A letter can be written with the computer by him.初中英语八大时态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时过去将来时现在完成时过去进行时运用第一种情况：不知道动作的执行者，就是不知道谁干的Dan's bike was stolen last week. 丹的自行车上周被偷了。
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语法专题复习：动词的被动语态( Passive Voice )
【Teaching goals】
1.了解五大时态的被动语态结构并掌握其用法。
2.掌握被动语态中特殊的一些表达形式。
3.学会总结所接触语言材料中的规律。
【Teaching Important Points】
了解英语各时态的被动语态及一些特殊表达形式。
【使用说明】
课前认真阅读复习指导用书相关内容并完成自主学习部分的练习。
【自主学习】
Task 1
英语动词分为两种语态：主动语态( active voice)和被动语态( passive voice )。
______________表示主语是动作的执行者；___________________表示主语是动作的承受者。
Tell whether the following sentences use active voice or passive voice.
1. English is spoken by many people. ( )
2. Children often sing the song together. ( )
3. They will take their daughter to hospital tomorrow. ( )
4. Our classroom must be cleaned every day. ( )
5. He was laughed at by all the people. ( )
6. I borrowed this book from the library last week. ( )
Task 2
被动语态由________________________构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
以write 为例说明被动语态在以下时态中的构成：
【合作探究】
Choose the best answers.
1. People learn English because it ______ widely ________ in the world.(2011年)
A. is; using
B. can, use
C. is ; used
D. does; use
2. The lake smells terrible because its water _________. （2012年）
A. is polluted
B. is polluting
C. had polluted
D. was polluted
3. More money ________ when we use both sides of paper. (2013年)
A. will save
B. was saved
C. has saved
D. will be saved
4. Both Mr Zhang and his business associate ________ to the opening ceremony. (2005年)
A. were invited
B. was invited
C. invited
D. will invite
5. The dictionary _______ to the library in a week. (2006年)
A. is returned
B. must be returned
C. will return
D. is to return
6. The 2008 Olympic Games ________ in Beijing next year. (2007年)
A. are held
B. will hold
C. will be held
D. will be holding
7. Newly-born babies ________in hospital.
A. are taken good care
B. are taken good care of
C. take good care of
D. take good care
8.—Do you like the material?
—Yes, it ________very soft.
A. is feeling
B. felt
C. feels
D. is felt
归纳小结：
____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
【巩固检测】
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这些花需要浇水。
2.这种光盘昨天卖光了。
3.校运会将在下周举行。
4.废纸不应该扔在这儿。
5.那台电脑正在被修理。
6.这本书已被译成多国语言。
【课后延伸】
1.应用文写作
假设你李华，你和Lucy 是好朋友。
你给Lucy写信，向她介绍你校阅览室的情况和要求。
阅览室内有各种各样的书籍。
阅览室每天被打扫得干干净净。
规则：1.阅览室周一至周五12:00-14:00开放，星期六、星期日全天开放。
2. 看书时保持安静。
3.学生不能将书带出阅览室。
4.老师可以借书，但必须在一个月之内归还。
①______________(2014年12月2日)
Dear Lucy,
How are you? I haven’t ②__________________(收到你的来信) for a long time.
I’d like to tell you something about our reading room. There are ③______________(各种各样的) books in it. It ④______________(被打扫) by the students every day，so it’s clean and tidy. It ⑤________________(开放) from 12:00 to 14:00 from Monday to Friday. You can go there at any time ⑥________________(在星期六) and Sundays. We should⑦___________________(保持安静) while reading. Books can’t ⑧___________________(被带出去) by students. Teachers can borrow books, but they must ⑨________________(被归还) within a month.
How about the reading room in your school ? I⑩________________(盼望) your earliest reply.
Yours,
LiHua
2. Finish the related exercises on page 145.。