2014春华南师范大学《英语语言学》复习资料及满分答案

2014春华南师范大学《英语语言学》复习资料及满分答案内容摘要：Which of the following forms a minimal pair?A.fear, pearB.tip, pitC.food, footD.beat, bit答案:DThe word "realization" consists of __...Which of the following forms a minimal pair?A.fear, pearB.tip, pitC.food, footD.beat, bit答案:DThe word "realization" consists of _____ syllables as against _____ morphemes.A.five/fiveB.five/fourC.four/threeD.four/four答案:CWhich of the following best describes the relations between “Alice is a vegetarian” and “Alice prefers eating steak”?A.The former is synonymous with the latter.B.The former is inconsistent with the latter.C.The former entails the latter.D.The former presupposes the latter.答案:BWhich of the following underlined parts is a free morpheme?A.understandableB.eastwardC.otherwiseD.without答案:DWhich of the following is a directive?A.Your money or your life!B.You are fired!C.The earth is round.D.Thank you very much.答案:AHow many arguments are there in “I’m not feeling very well”?A.noB.oneC.threeD.five答案:BThe word “boatel” is a(n) ____.A.acronymB.blendC.clipped wordD.coined word答案:B‘Parent’ and ‘child’ are ___.A.gradable antonymsB.ungradable oppositesC.relational oppositesplementary synonyms答案:CWhich of the following is the head of the phrase ‘often read sciencefictions’?A.oftenB.readC.scienceD.fictions答案:B‘That is a box’ is a ___-place predication.A.noB.oneC.twoD.three答案:BThe word “DINK” is a(n) ____.A.acronymB.blendC.clipped wordD.coined word答案:AAround the time of their second birthday, children begin to produce ____ utterances.A.one-wordB.two-wordC.three-wordD.four-word答案:BWhich of the following underlined parts is NOT an inflectional morpheme?A.teethB.speakingC.takenD.chaos答案:DThe design features of human language include the following features EXCEPT____.A.duality of structureB.genetic featureC.arbitrarinessD.displacement答案:B‘Like’ and ‘dislike’ are ___.A.gradable antonymsB.ungradable oppositesC.relational oppositesplementary synonyms答案:AWhich of the following is an expressive?A.The earth is a globe.B.Your money or your life!C.I’m very grateful for your help.D.I fire you.答案:C‘Slim’ and ‘skinny’ are ___.A.dialectal synonymsB.collocational synonymsC.stylistic synonymsD.synonyms that differ in their emotive meaning答案:DWhich of the following best explains the relationship between “I like Beijing opera” and “I dislike Beijing opera”?A.inconsistencyB.anomalyC.contradictionD.entailment答案:AThe chief exponent of the behaviorist view of language acquisition is ____.A.BloomfieldB.ChomskyC.SaussureD.Skinner答案:DWhich of the following is the correct componential analysis of the word “milk”?A.[+DRINKS-LIQUID-COUNTABLE]B.[+FOOD-SOLID+COUNTABLE]C.[+FOOD+SOLID+COUNTABLE]D.[+DRINKS+LIQUID-COUNTABLE]答案:D‘I like both Chinese and western food’ is a ___-place predication.A.noB.oneC.twoD.three答案:CWhich of the following words is NOT a coined word?A.dacronB.kodakC.xeroxD.gym答案:DWhich of the following is a front, close and unrounded vowel?A.[u:]B.[i:]C.[u]D.[a:]答案:BWhich of the following underlined parts is a derivational morpheme?rgerB.dataC.traineeD.Kate’s答案:CWhich of the following underlined parts is the complement of the phrase?A.a book on biologyB.play basketballC.a rainy dayD.dance happily答案:BWhich of the following is a commissive?A.I’m really sorry to hear that.B.I will bring you the book tomorrow without fail.C.You’d better go and see her.D.I now declare the meeting open.答案:BThe word unreliable consists of _____ syllables as against _____ morphemes.A.four/threeB.five/twoC.five/threeD.three/five答案:AWhich of the following is a declaration?A.Open the door, please.B.I appoint you chairman of the committee.C.Would you like to go to the movie with us?D.I’ve never seen her before.答案:BThe relation between ‘furniture’ and ‘wardrobe’ is ___.A.homophonyB.homographyC.hyponymyD.polysemy答案:CThe word "realization" consists of _____ syllables as against _____ morphemes.A.five/fiveB.five/fourC.four/threeD.four/four答案:C‘Handsome’ and ‘pretty’ are ___.A.dialectal synonymsB.collocational synonymsC.stylistic synonymsD.synonyms that differ in their emotive meaning答案:BThe following underlined parts are termed specifier EXCEPT___?A.run quicklyB.always make mistakesC.very interestingD.the old man答案:AWhich of the following best describes the relations between “The police stopped the minors from drinking” and “The minors were drinking”?A.The former is synonymous with the latter.B.The former is inconsistent with the latter.C.The former entails the latter.D.The former presupposes the latter.答案:DThe first consonants the child can make are made with the lips and they are ____.A.[p,b,n]B.[p,b,m]C.[t,d,n]D.[t,d,m]答案:BHow many morphemes are there in the word “disorderly”?A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.Five答案:BThe nativist view of language acquisition is held by ____.A.BloomfieldB.ChomskyC.SaussureD.Skinner答案:BWhich of the following is an aspirated consonant?A.[f]B.[s]C.[k]D.[r]答案:CWhich of the following word does NOT belong to the open classes?A.hateB.ableC.theD.rapidly答案:C“Why don’t you ask Mary for help?” is an instance of ____.A.representativesB.expressivesC.directivesmissives答案:CWhich of the following pairs of words are homographs?A.sew---sowB.tear(a drop of liquid that flows from the eye)---tear (to pull apart)C.tec---techD.mouth (a speech organ)---mouth(an entrance to a cave)答案:BLanguage acquisition refers to the child’s acquisition of his ____.A.first languageB.second languageC.foreign languageD.target language答案:AWhich of the following word belongs to the open classes?A.sinceB.forC.shenguage答案:D‘Candy’ and ‘sweets’ are ___.A.dialectal synonymsB.collocational synonymsC.stylistic synonymsD.synonyms that differ in their emotive meaning答案:AHow many morphemes can we find in the word ‘internationalize’?A.ThreeB.FourC.FiveD.Six答案:BWhich of the following is a representative?A.You’d better go to see a doctor.B.I promise to buy you something when I come back.C.I now declare the meeting close.D.I have never seen the man before.答案:DWhich of the following pairs of words are homophones?A.flour---flowerB.lead (to guide)---lead (a kind of metal)C.mouth (a speech organ)---mouth(an entrance to a cave)D.animal---cow答案:A‘She sings very well’ is a ___-place predication.A.noB.oneC.twoD.three答案:BWhich is the feature of the sound [l]?A.palatalB.glottalC.glideD.liquid答案:D‘True’ and ‘false’ are ___.A.gradable antonymsB.ungradable oppositesC.relational oppositesplementary synonyms答案:BThe words “longer” and “shorter” are ______ opposites.A.gradableB.ungradableC.relationalplementary答案:CWhich of the following best describes the relations between “He is an orphan” and “His parents have died”?A.The former is synonymous with the latter.B.The former is inconsistent with the latter.C.The former entails the latter.D.The former presupposes the latter.答案:A‘Mr. Brown teaches us linguistics.’ is a ___-place predication.A.noB.oneC.twoD.three答案:DThe Great Wall belongs to ____ culture.A.materialB.spiritualC.folkD.none of the above答案:AInstances of mother tongue interference can be found at the level of ____.A.pronunciationB.syntaxC.vocabularyD.all of the above答案:DA linguist is interested in what is said, not what he thinks ought to be said, therefore a linguist would NOT prefer to be a(n) ____.A.observerB.judgeC.analyser of factsD.recorder of factsWhich of the following underlined parts is an inflectional morpheme?A.booksB.renameC.activeD.sleepy答案:AWhich side(s) of muscles of ours does our left brain control?A.both left and rightB.leftC.rightD.sometimes left, sometimes right答案:CWhich of the following is an example of overgeneralization?A.eyesB.earsC.sheepD.foots答案:DWhich of the following is the hyponym of the word “furniture”?A.houseB.kitchenC.articleD.wardrobe答案:D‘Commence’and ‘begin’are ___.A.dialectal synonymsB.collocational synonymsC.stylistic synonymsD.synonyms that differ in their emotive meaning‘It is 8 o’clock’is a ___-place predication.A.noB.oneC.twoD.three答案:A“It’s cold.”is a _____-place predication.A.noB.oneC.twoD.three答案:AWhich of the following best describes the relations between “He paid a visit to Japan.”and “He paid a visit to East Asia.”?A.The former is synonymous with the latter.B.The former is inconsistent with the latter.C.The former entails the latter.D.The former presupposes the latter.答案:CThe words “subway”and “underground”are ______ synonyms.A.nearB.dialectalC.collocationally-restrictedD.stylistic答案:BWhich of the following underlined parts is a bound morpheme?A.relationshipB.bedroomkmanD.childlike答案:AThe following sounds belong to the same natural class EXCEPT ___.A.[d]B.[s]C.[u]D.[i:]答案:B“Up you go, chaps!”belongs to ____ language.A.intimateB.frozenC.consultativeD.casual答案:AWhich of the following best describes the relations between “Alice’s brother is in UK.”and “Alice has a brother.”?A.The former is synonymous with the latter.B.The former is inconsistent with the latter.C.The former entails the latter.D.The former presupposes the latter.答案:DThe linguist that distinguishes three social variables (Field, Mode, Tenor) that determine the register is ____.A.ChomskyB.HallidayC.BloomfieldD.Firth答案:BHow many syllables are there in the word “rhythmical”?A.ThreeB.FourC.FiveD.Ten答案:AWhich of the following pairs of words are complete homonyms?A.flour---flowerB.lead (to guide)---lead (a kind of metal)C.heroin---horoineD.criket---criket答案:DThe word ‘predigestion’is composed of two morphemes.答案:错误The words ‘flat’and ‘apartment’are stylistic synonyms.答案:错误If Smith said to you in a supermarket, ' I am thirsty now, but I have no money with me' , then his perlocutionary act is your buying him a coca-cola.答案:正确B probably means that A should not laugh at him since they know each other, in the dialogue below: A: Are you a good student? B: Are you?答案:正确Semantics is the study of word meaning.答案:错误Performance is the focus of Chomsky’s linguistic study.答案:错误F. de Saussure was a Swiss linguist.答案:正确The narrowing of space between the hard palate and the front of the tongue results in the sound [j].答案:正确A phone does not necessarily distinguish meaning.答案:正确In ‘a book about ghosts’, the complement is ‘ghosts’.答案:错误According to Austin, ' He is a boy.' is a constative.答案:正确Sound changes tend to be systematic.答案:正确Pragmatics is the study of meaning in context of language use.答案:正确Displacement of language means language use in a far-away place.答案:错误Linguistics is scientific because it is helpful to language use.答案:错误If I said to you, ' It' s very stuffy here.' , then my illocutionary act may be asking you to switch on the air-conditioner.答案:正确B' s reply violates the maxim of quality in the dialogue below: A: Where do you live? B: In South China Normal University.答案:错误Morphology is the study of sentences.答案:错误ISBN means International Standard Book Number.答案:正确One of the most important features of bilingualism is the specialization of function of the two varieties.答案:错误Context refers to the relation between lines or paragraphs of a text.答案:错误B probably means that he doesn' t want to make any comment on the lecture, in the dialogue below: A: What do you think of the lecture? (The speech maker is coming) B:Do we have classes this evening?答案:正确Linguistics is generally divided into general and specific linguistics.答案:错误The word ' quake' is the result of back-formation.答案:错误The word ' education' comes from Latin.答案:正确Computer language is one of the sources that have influenced the English language. 答案:正确A prominent phonological feature of Black English is the deletion of the consonant at the end of a word, as in ' desk' [des].答案:正确If a child calls every man ' Daddy' , then he is over-extending the meaning of the word ' Daddy' .答案:正确The human brain is divided into two sections, the brain stem and the cerebrum.答案:正确' Do not say what you believe to be false' is a maxim of relation.答案:错误Linguistics deals with a particular language.答案:错误Sociolinguistics deals with the relation between language and society.答案:正确Writing is more basic than speech.答案:错误The word ' silly' used to mean ' happy' in Old English.答案:正确A typical example of a bilingual community is an ethnic ghetto where most of the inhabitants are either immigrants or children of immigrants.Language plays a major role in socializing the people and perpetuating culture, especially in print form.答案:正确The sentence ' Himself saw John.' is acceptable in English.答案:错误According to Chomsky, the internalization of a set of rules about his language enables a speaker to produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences and recognize sentences that are ungrammatical and ambiguous.答案:正确‘Teach-in’is a compound word.答案:正确The –s in ‘works’of ‘He works hard.’is a bound morpheme.答案:正确‘Mary is single.’is inconsistent with ‘Mary is married.’答案:正确According to Austin, ' I bet you sixpence it will be fine this evening.' is a performative. 答案:正确Details of language system are genetically transmitted.答案:错误Syntax is the study of the rules of words.答案:错误By ' He wanted me to come' , a learner produced such an incorrect sentence as ' He hoped me to come' . This constitutes the situation of cross-association.答案:错误The greatest source of modification of the air stream is found in the oral cavity.答案:正确The word ' dinner' comes from French.答案:正确People in the West End in London speak differently from the East Enders.In English, the word ' blue' is associated with unhappy feelings.答案:正确Victor, a wild child, who was deprived of language contact for 12 years, was trained by Itard, but could only speak only two words in the end.答案:正确According to Littlewood, the first language study has served as a backcloth for perceiving and understanding new facts about second language learning.答案:正确In TG, determiner is often written as Det.答案:正确A phoneme is a phonetic unit.答案:错误The words ‘buy’and ‘purchase’are dialectal synonyms.答案:错误Linguistics is the systematic study of language.答案:正确Parole is a French word; it means the concrete language events.答案:正确Duality of language means language is a two-level system.答案:正确English is a tone language.答案:错误In the sense set < freshman, sophomore, junior, senior> , ‘junior’and ‘senior’are co-hyponyms.答案:正确' Make your contribution as informative as required (for the current purpose of the exchange).' belongs to the maxim of quality.答案:错误About two thirds of languages in the world have not had written form.Diachronic linguistics is also called historical linguistics.答案:正确The task of a linguist is to discover the nature and rules of the underlying language system答案:正确The word ' videophone' is an acronym.答案:错误The word ' holiday' has gone through the widening of meaning.答案:正确Accent is an important marker of sociolect.答案:正确[ei] is a monophthong.答案:错误‘His dumb boy spoke good English.’is a contradiction.答案:正确' The room is air-conditioned.' is an expressive.答案:错误Left-handers are generally less lateralized for language than right-handers.答案:正确If you scratch your nose with your left hand, it is the right hemisphere that has controlled the actions.答案:正确[h] is the glottal sound.答案:正确‘I have been to Beijing.’entails ‘I have been to North China.’答案:正确' I fire you!' is a commissive.答案:错误Phonology studies how a sound is produced.Synchronic linguistics deals with a series of language phenomena at the same time.答案:错误The word ' videophone' is an acronym.答案:错误The term ' diglossia' was first used by Ferguson in 1959.答案:正确The pronunciation of ' this' as ' dis' is very likely to be caused by interlingual interference.答案:正确The words ‘doctor’and ‘patient’are relational synonyms.答案:正确Linguists are interested in all sounds.答案:错误Phonetics studies human sound patterning and the meaning of sounds in communication.答案:错误Langue means competence.答案:错误Arbitrariness of language means language can be used freely.答案:错误N. Chomsky is an American linguist.答案:正确Different styles of the same language can be revealed through differences at syntactic, lexical and phonological levels.答案:正确It is standard practice for an English native student to greet his teacher before a lecture by saying ' Good morning, teacher!' .答案:错误Language acquisition is concerned with the acquisition of a foreign language.Some subtle grammatical distinctions may not be mastered much before the age of ten. 答案:正确There have been some 2,500 languages in the world.答案:错误[k], [g] and [n] are velar sounds.答案:错误Tsled’is a possible word in English.答案:错误Chomsky regards competence as an act of doing things with a sentence.答案:错误The expression ' It' s me' is Not acceptable in English.答案:错误For the British people, the Chinese greeting ' Have you had dinner?' would turn into ' It' s fine today, isn' t it?' .答案:正确Such sentences as ' there are more and more people want to be a postgraduate student' indicate the Chinese transfer errors.答案:正确Phonology is of a general nature.答案:错误The word ' mice' , which is pronounced as [mais], was pronounced as [mi:s] in Middle English.答案:正确Psycholinguistics deals with the relation of language to psychology.答案:正确The word ' meat' we use now has gone through the narrowing of meaning.答案:正确Pidgins came from a blending of a few languages.Intercultural communication is also called cross-cultural communication.答案:正确The expression ' mummy play ball' is typical of telegraphic speech.答案:正确General linguistics does not study theories of language.答案:错误The word ' beer' comes from German.答案:正确Subjects take less time to make judgment on frequently used words than on less common words. This is called the frequency effect.答案:正确' We have never met before.' is a representative.答案:正确The use of the expressions ' to update' , ' to host' and ' to check up' indicates the influence of American English.答案:正确The Chinese ' uncle' means the same as the British ' uncle' .答案:错误It is acceptable to translate ' Every dog has his day.' into ' 每条狗都有自己的日子。