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2017年考研英语一试题与答案解析(完整版)

2017年考研英语一试题与答案解析(完整版)

2017年考研英语一试题与答案解析(完整版)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a resounding “yes!”.(1)helping you feel close and(2)to people you care about,it turns out that hugs can bring a(3)of health benefits to your body and mind.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you(4)getting sick this winter.In a recent study(5)over400health adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs(6)the participants’susceptibility to developing the common cold after being(7)to the virus.People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come(8)with a cold,and the researchers(9)that the stress-reducing effects of hugging(10)about32percent of that beneficial effect.(11)among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe(12).“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the(13)risk for colds that’s usually(14)with stress,”notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging“is a marker of intimacy and helps(15)the feeling that others are there to help(16)difficulty.”Some experts(17)the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin,often called“the bonding hormone”(18)it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mother and their newborn babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it is released into the bloodstream.But some of it(19)in the brain, where it(20)mood,behavior and physiology.1.[A]Unlike[B]Besides[C]Throughout[D]Despite2.[A]equal[B]restricted[C]connected[D]inferior3.[A]host[B]view[C]lesson[D]choice4.[A]recall[B]forget[C]avoid[D]keep5.[A]collecting[B]affecting[C]guiding[D]involving6.[A]on[B]in[C]at[D]of7.[A]devoted[B]exposed[C]lost[D]attracted8.[A]across[B]along[C]down[D]out9.[A]imagined[B]denied[C]doubted[D]calculated10.[A]served[B]explained[C]restored[D]required11.[A]Thus[B]Still[C]Rather[D]Even12.[A]defeats[B]symptoms[C]errors[D]tests13.[A]highlighted[B]minimized[C]controlled[D]increased14.[A]associated[B]equipped[C]presented[D]compared15.[A]assess[B]moderate[C]generate[D]record16.[A]in the face of[B]in the form of[C]in the way of[D]in the name of17.[A]attribute[B]commit[C]transfer[D]return18.[A]unless[B]because[C]though[D]until19.[A]emerges[B]vanishes[C]remains[D]decreases20.[A]experiences[B]combines[C]justifies[D]influences1、【答案】[B]Besides【解析】此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。

马哲[1] 带答案

马哲[1] 带答案

不开哲学,这是因为:( C )
A. 哲学是爱智慧 B. 哲学是给人以理想的学问 C. 哲学提供最一般的方法 D. 哲学离不开科学提供材料
14. 实证主义把哲学归结为研究“实证的事实”和
“实证的知识”的学问。这说明实证主义( C )
A. 正确回答了哲学是什么的问题
B. 正确解决了哲学的研究 对象
C. 是唯心主义 D. 比马克思主义更科学
它是 ( D )
A. 唯物主义的特别形式 B. 纯粹唯心主义的一种形式
C. 介乎唯物论和唯心论之间的一个独立的中间 派别 D. 是动摇于唯物主义和唯心主义之间,最终导 致唯心主义的哲学派别
10. 哲学作为世界观的学问,是指 ( B ) A. 科学和革命相统一的世界观 B. 理论化系统化的世界观 C. 无产阶级的世界观
7. 形而上学唯物主义的缺陷是 ( AB D ) A. 唯心史观 B. 机械性 C. 抽象性 D. 形而上学性 E. 直观性
8. 划分唯物主义和唯心主义只能按照 ( AE ) A. 对哲学基本问题第一方面的不同回答 B. 对哲学基本问题第二方面的不同回答
C. 对世界本原是一个还是多个的不同回答
D. 对思维和存在有无同一性的不同回答 E. 对思维和存在何者为第一性,何者为第二 性的不回答
D· 无产阶级专政学说
二、多项选择题 1. 社会主义精神文明建设要以马克思主义为指导,
这是因为马克思主义 ( A BD)
A. 揭示了人类社会发 展的普遍规律 B. 决定着精神文明的性质 C. 提供了解决实际问题的正确答案 D. 规定着精神文明建设的方向 E. 是精神文明建设的全部内涵
2. 马克思主义哲学的两个显著特点是 ( AD ) A. 阶级性 B. 系统性 C. 矛盾性 D. 实践性 E. 物质性

2014年 普法学习 答案 1

2014年 普法学习 答案 1

2014年《公务员学法用法》读本普法练习题(云南版)第一讲依法治国方略的确立与基本内涵【第1题】依法治国应当与( )相结合。

(1.0分)答:A:依宪治国 B:依法行政C:以德治国D:以法治权标准答案 C【第2题】在社会主义法制的基本要素中,作为依法办事中心环节的是( )。

(1.0分)答:A:有法可依B:有法必依C:执法必严D:违法必究标准答案 C【第3题】依法治国理念的内涵是( )。

(2.0分)答:A:公民的的财产受法律保护B:法律面前人人平等C:树立和维护法律权威D:严格依法办事标准答案 B【第4题】依法治国理念对政法工作的基本要求是( )。

(2.0分)答:A:提高法律素养B:坚持严格执法C:模范遵守法律D:自觉接受监督标准答案 A【第5题】依法治国的核心是( )。

(1.0分)答:A:保障人民当家作主B:坚持党的领导C:维护宪法和法律的权威D:确保权利的正确使用标准答案 C【第6题】( )明确把依法治国确定为党领导人民治理国家的基本方略。

(1.0分)答:A:十四大B:十五大C:十六大D:十七大标准答案 B【第7题】树立依法治国的理念,就是在全社会和全体公民、特别是( )中养成自觉尊重法律、维护法律的权威、严答:A:公务员B:执法者 C:行政机关D:机关干部标准答案 B【第8题】在社会主义国家,依法治国的根本主体是( )。

(1.0分)答:A:人民 B:公务员 C:领导人D:党和国家标准答案 A【第9题】依法治国的根据是( )。

(2.0分)答:A:宪法和法律B:宪法C:法律D:党的领导方针 标准答案 A 【第10题】依法治国必须坚持( )。

(1.0分)答:A:人民民主主权B:人民代表大会C:执行法律法规D:党的领导 标准答案 D【第11题】依法治国的根本目的是( )。

(1.0分)答:A:实现人民民主B:实现党的领导C:实现共产主义D:实现国家统一 标准答案 A【第12题】努力实践依法治国理念对政法工作的基本要求是( )、坚持严格执法、模范遵守法律、自觉接受监督。

大学英语精读unit1课后完整答案

大学英语精读unit1课后完整答案

4. AT first, Tom found it difficult to ______ what his teachers said
in class.
absorb
5. You __________ fail the exam if you don’t do ay revision(复习).
6. Pleasaere_b_o_u_n_d_t_o to call on us whenever you like.
ways of saying things. (watch)
5. Peter has tried many things with no particular success, but he is _b_y__n_o__m_e_a_n_san incapable person. (means)
6. Can you turn the music down, please? I can’t c_o_n_c_e_n_t_r_a_te__o_n_ my
improvement
concentrate
concentration
manage
management
consider
consideration
motivate
motivation
develop
discuss
divide
development
discussion
division
move
operate
main points in a few sentences.
summarized
3. The newly-elected government has begun the painful ______ of

新标准大学英语综合教程1 课后答案完整版

新标准大学英语综合教程1 课后答案完整版

新标准大学英语综合教程1 课后答案完整版Unit oneActive reading 2Dealing with unfamiliar words4. Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box1. detect2. admirable3. subways4. inadequate5. scribbling6. persecution5. Answer the questions about the expressions1.(a) delighted2.(a) need to be developed with carefulthinking 3.(a) at a time in the future 4.(b) to make someone extremely afraid and nervousLanguage in usewith / without1 Match the uses of with / without with their definitions.1 (a)2 (b)3 (a)4 (c)5 (c)6 (d)2 Rewrite the sentences using with / without .1 Her tutor moves his head from side to side. Her tutor spills his coffee into the saucer.With his head moving from side to side, her tutor spills his coffee into the saucer.2 “Splendid,” he says. He doesn’t wait for an answer. “Splendid,” he says, without waiting for an answer.3 Frank McCourt speaks in class. He has an Irish accent.Frank McCourt speaks in class with an Irish accent.4 He plans to go on the subway. He has the books covered in purple and white NYU jackets.He plans to go on the subway with the books covered in purple and white NYU jacket.5 He’s only allowed to take two courses. He isn’t told why.He’s only allowed to take two courses, without being told why.6 He would like to ask a question. He doesn’t like to raise his hand.He would like to ask a question without raising his hand. Collocations3 Read the explanations of the words and phrases. Answer the questions.1. climb(a) Because the room is very small.(b) You would climb into bed if you are so tired that it feels like a huge effort.(c) You would probably need to bend over, and crawl through the hole.2 spill(a)spilt coffee all over your deskYou have accidently knocked over a cup/mug and the coffee has gone (uncontrolled) all over the desk.(b)toys spilled out all over the carpetThe toys were in a container, such as a box; either the box is too full so some toys are falling out onto the carpet, or the box has been tipped over so most of the toys have fallen out of the box. (c)crowds were spilling out of the bars and restaurantsMany people are leaving the bars and restaurants all at once, probably because they are closing for the night.3. join(a) join a bandWhen they can play a musical instrument and want to play with others.(b) join the unemployedYou have lost your job and become unemployed(c) join inYou do the same activity that most other people are doing.4burst into(a) burst into tearsThe writer suddenly started crying.(b) bursts into bloomFlowers, when they suddenly emerge from buds.(c) burst into flames.Put out the flames immediately if you can, or keep well clear and call the emergency services (fire brigade)5clean(a) a clean licenceThis refers to a driving licence. It means that you have been driving safely or at least you have no penalty points on the licence ---a person gets such points as a punishment after breaking the law on the roads eg speeding or causing an accident, and the licence then has a note on it (it’s not “clean”) and the police have a record.(b) clean languageYou avoid using swear words or other examples of bad language.(c) a clean bill of healthHere this phrase is used metaphorically and means something is working properly, for example,a car might have “a clean bill of health”after a check or test it is working correctly.6easy(a) easy-goingAn easy-going person behaves, in a relaxed, calm manner with others and is happy to accept things without getting worried or angry.(b) easy on the eyeA person who is easy on the eye is pleasant to look at in appearance and in the way they dress.(c) easier said than doneWhen something is easier said than done, it is easy to talk about, but difficult to achieve.(d) take it easyWhen they tell you to “Take it easy”they can mean either of two things: You should rest and not do things that will make you tired, or you should keep calm, being less upset or angry.4. Complete the sentence using the collocations in Activity 31 spill out of2 burst into tears3 clean language4 easier5 climb through6 spilt7 join in8 burst into bloom9 clean licence10 easy on the eye5 Translate the sentences into Chinese.1.Finally, with my mother red in the face and short of breath, we find Room 8, I unlock the door, and we all walk in.(☞介词with 表示状态,不必直译。

英语阅读一答案(1)

英语阅读一答案(1)

第1次作业1:[单选题]____ should any money be given to a small child.A:On no accountB:From all accountC:Of no accountD:By all account参考答案:A2:[单选题]____the advances of the science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.A:As forB:DespiteC:ExceptD:Besides参考答案:B3:[单选题]____ the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.A:To giveB:GivenC:GivingD:Having given参考答案:B4:[单选题]____ the sight of the police officers, the men ran off.A:InB:AtC:OnD:With参考答案:B5:[单选题]____, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A:Other things being equalB:Were otherthings equalC:To be equal to other thingsD:Other things to be equal参考答案:A6:[单选题]____ the whole, early American city planning was excellent.A:InB:FromC:OnD:Above参考答案:C7:[单选题]____ the wall, we decided that we should need three tins of paint.A:Making upB:Doing upD:Sizing up参考答案:D8:[单选题]____ we are having these days!A:What a lovely weatherB:What lovely weathersC:What lovely weatherD:What lovely a weather参考答案:C9:[单选题]____ his knowledge and academic background, he is basically stupid.A:.But forB:According toC:For allD:Thanks to参考答案:C10:[单选题]____ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.A:To be freeB:To freeC:FreeingD:Freed参考答案:D11:[单选题]6. ____ man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity.A:AsB:WhetherC:WhileD:Now that参考答案:C第2次作业1:[单选题]A river _____ through the narrow wooded valley below.A:extendsB:poursC:expandsD:twists参考答案:D2:[单选题]A writer has to ____ imagination as well as his experiences for his writing.A:draw inB:draw upC:draw onD:drawing back from参考答案:C3:[单选题]1. After a concert tour in Asia, Canada and the U.S., he will _____ work on a five-language opera.B:indulgeC:resumeD:undergo参考答案:C4:[单选题]____, he does not love her.A:As he likes her very muchB:Though much he likes herC:Much although he likes herD:Much though he likes her参考答案:D5:[单选题]According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _____ of maturity.A:fulfillmentB:achievementC:establishmentD:accomplishment参考答案:B6:[单选题]A drunk man walked in, ____ in appearance.A:repulsiveB:reluctantC:reproachfulD:reputed参考答案:A7:[单选题]A good many houses ____ knocked down by the earthquake.A:wasB:wereC:isD:are参考答案:B8:[单选题]A good teacher must know how to ____ his ideas.A:conveyB:displayC:consultD:confront参考答案:A9:[单选题]After briefly ____ the history of the author, Prof. Li turned to the novel itself immediately.A:.dipping inB:dipping atC:dipping intoD:dipping to参考答案:C10:[单选题]A love marriage, however, does not necessarily ____ much sharing of interests andresponsibilities.A:take overB:.result inC:hold onD:keep to参考答案:B11:[单选题]After reading these books, he was _____ to the Darwinian theory of evolution. A:changedB:convertedC:transferredD:adjusted参考答案:B12:[单选题]After performing a successful operation, the doctor at last pulled the patient ____. A:backB:inC:upD:through参考答案:D13:[单选题]After negotiation, the two countries ____ the terms of peace.A:agreed withB:agreed inC:agreed toD:agreed on参考答案:D14:[单选题]A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is ____conditions or events.A:in response toB:in favor ofC:in contrast toD:in excess of参考答案:A15:[单选题]A man has to make _____ for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old.A:supplyB:assuranceC:provisionD:adjustment参考答案:C第3次作业1:[单选题]I arrived at the airport so late that I ___missed the plane.A:onlyB:quiteC:narrowlyD:seldom参考答案:C2:[单选题]2.The police have offered a large___ for information leading to the robber’s arrest. A:. awardB:compensationC:prize参考答案:D3:[单选题]What courses are you going to do next semester?” “I don’t know. But it’s about time ___on something.”�A: I’ d dec ideB:I decidedC:I decideD:I’ m deciding参考答案:B4:[单选题]The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers’ fears were completely___.�A:unjustifiedB: unjustC: misguided参考答案:A5:[单选题]5. The head of the Museum was___and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.�A: promisingB:agreeingC:pleasingD:obliging参考答案:D6:[单选题]6. _____ their policy can be changed the future for that country will be indeed bleak. A: Even ifB: UnlessC:Now thatD:As long as参考答案:B7:[单选题]7. She said she would work it out herself _____ ask me for help.A:and not toB:. but notC:and prefer notD:rather than参考答案:D8:[单选题]“I bought this shirt for 35 yuan yesterday.”“It’s on sale today for only 29. You should have waited.”“On really? But how _____ I know?”A:wouldB: canC:didD:do参考答案:A9:[单选题]9. They were pushed into battle _____.A:unpreparedB: unpreparedlyC:not preparting itD:without preparing it参考答案:A10:[单选题]10. She asked that she _____ allowed to see her son in policy custody.A:would beB:could beC:beD:was参考答案:C第4次作业1:[单选题]One New York publisher has estimated that 50,000 to 60,000 people in the United States want an anthology that includes the complete works of William Shakespeare.And what accounts for this renewed interest in Shakespeare? As scholars point out, the psychological insights he portrays in both male and female characters are amazing even today.This paragraph best supports the statement thatA:Shakespeare’s characters are more interesting than fictional charac ters today.B:people today are interested in Shakespeare’s work because of the characters.参考答案:B2:[单选题]If you’re a fitness walker, there is no need for a commute to a health club. Your neighborhood can be your health club. You don’t need a lot of fanc y equipment to get a good workout either. All you need is a well-designed pair of athletic shoes.This paragraph best supports the statement thatA:fitness walking is a better form of exercise than weight lifting.B:a membership in a health club is a poor investment.C:walking outdoors provides a better workout than walking indoors.D:fitness walking is a convenient and valuable form of exercise.参考答案:D3:[单选题]My “office” measures a whopping 5 feet by 7 feet. A large desk is squeezed into one corner, leaving just enough room for a rickety chair between the desk and the wall. Yellow paint is peeling off the walls in dirty chunks. The ceiling is barely six feet tall; it’s like a hat that I wear all day long. The window, a single two-foot by two-foot pane, looks out onto a solid brick wall just two feet away.The main idea of this paragraph is thatA:the office is small but comfortable.B:the office is in need of repair.C:the office is old and claustrophobic.D:the narrator deserves a better office.参考答案:C4:[单选题]We’ve had Ginger since I was two years old. Every morning, she wakes me up by licking my cheek. That’s her way of telling me she’s hungry. When she wants attention, she’ll weave in and out of my legs and meow until I pick her up and hold her. And I can always tell when Ginger wants to play. She’ll bring me her toys and will keep dropping them (usually right on my homework!) until I stop what I’m doing and play with her for a while.A good topic sentence for this paragraph would be:A:I take excellent care of Ginger.B:Ginger is a demanding pet.C:Ginger and I have grown up together.D:Ginger is good at telling me what she wants.参考答案:D5:[单选题]Day after day, Johnny chooses to sit at his computer instead of going outside with his friends. A few months ago, he’d get half a dozen phone calls from his friends every night. Now, he might get one or two a week. Used to be his friends would come over two, three days a week after school. Now, he spends his afternoons alone with his computer.The main idea is:A:Johnny and his friends are all spending time with their computers instead of one another. B:Johnny’s friends aren’t very good friends.C:Johnny has alienated his friends by spending so much time on the computer.D:Johnny and his friends prefer to communicate by computer.参考答案:C6:[单选题]Critical reading is a demanding process. To read critically, you must slow down your reading and, with pencil in hand, perform specific operations on the text.Mark up the text with your reactions, conclusions, and questions. When you read, become an active participant.This paragraph best supports the statement thatA:critical reading is a slow, dull, but essential process.B:the best critical reading happens at critical times in a person’s life.C:readers should get in the habit of questioning the truth of what they read.D:critical reading requires thoughtful and careful attention.参考答案:D7:[单选题]There are no effective boundaries when it comes to pollutants. Studies have shown that toxic insecticides that have been banned in many countries are riding the wind from countries where they remain legal. Compounds such as DDT and toxaphene have been found in remote places like the Yukon and other Arctic regions.This paragraph best supports the statement thatA:toxic insecticides such as DDT have not been banned throughout the world.B:more pollutants find their way into polar climates than they do into warmer areas. C:studies have proven that many countries have ignored their own anti-pollution laws. D:DDT and toxaphene are the two most toxic insecticides in the world.参考答案:A。

2013考研英语一试题答案与详解答案

2013考研英语一试题答案与详解答案1-5:ADCAB6-10:BADDA11-15:DCBDB16-20:CACBC21-25BDCCD26-30BDCAD31-35: BBDCA36-40 CCDAD41-45:EFBGC答案详解:2013年的完型填空是一篇选自《经济学人》名为A Question of Judgment的文章。

讲述的是有关判断的问题。

这类文章出现在今年的考研真题中,符合考研英语历年的出题形式。

但是考生在没有掌握单词基本知识和解题技巧的情况下也会感到很困难。

相较于2012年的完型来说,今年的考题适中。

考查的词汇部分涉及到名词、动词、形容词和介词。

其中,动词考查的频率最高,占完型部分考题的35%。

第4、7、15和17题考察了逻辑连接题,占完型题目的20%。

考生要在掌握上下文结构的基础上准确完成这类考题。

其次,在文章考查点里有两处涉及到了后置定语的语法知识,即第5和第10题。

一处是形容词加介词构成后置定语,一处是过去分词作后置定语,而这两点在跨考一阶的讲义中,各位语法老师已经跟考生们专门讲解过。

后期陆陆续续的阅读和写作课里,也是反复提到的语法点。

遵循以往完型填空的结构形式,今年的考题仍然秉承了总分的结构。

第一段引出话题并介绍Dr. Simonsohn 的观点。

第二、三、四段具体介绍了Dr. Simonsohn为证明理论采取的实验以及最后的发现。

而且在文章第一句话就给出了整篇文章的中心主线—People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions.总之2013年的考题在日常强调的“单词加技巧等于高分”的解题方式下,定会被迎刃而解。

1. [标准答案] [A][考点分析] 上下文语义和词汇辨析[选项分析] 本题考查动词。

根据上下文意思,首先可以排除[B]和[D]。

考研英语一真题及答案阅读理解

考研英语一真题及答案阅读理解2016年考研英语一真题及答案(阅读理解)2017年考研即将垃圾序幕,下面是店铺为大家提供的2016年的考研英语的阅读理解真题(1)及答案详解应该会给大家带来很大的助力。

Section Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1France,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dietingtheir way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:”We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people”. The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph,what would happen in France?[A]Physical beauty would be redefined.[B]New runways would be constructed.[C]Websites about dieting would thrive.[D]The fashion industry would decline.22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line 2,Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A]heightening the value of[B]indicating the state of[C]losing faith in[D]doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]The French measures have already failed.[B]New standards are being set in Denmark.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]Its inherent problems are getting worse.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions[B]caring too much about model’s character.[C]showing little concern for health factors[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25.Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B]A Dilemma for the Starving models in France[C]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[D]The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry21.答案 A Physical beauty would be redefined解析:这是一道细节题,根据France定位到第一段第一句,主干成分为France has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty。

2021研究生考试英语(一)试题答案及解析

2021考研英语(一)试题答案及解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, Cor D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly, logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems. It 1 in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then 2 starts to slowly decline as we age. But 3 aging is inevitable, scientists are finding out that certain changes in brainfunction may not be.One study found that muscle loss and the 4 of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence. This suggests the 5 that lifestyle factors might help prevent or 6 this type of decline.The researchers looked at data that 7 measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and 8 that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period. They found that middle-aged people 9 higher measures of abdominal fat 10 worse onmeasures of fluid intelligence as the years 11For women, the association may be 12 to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat; in men, the immune system did not appear to be 13 . It is hoped that future studies could 14 these differences and perhaps lead to different 15 for men and women.16 ,there are steps you can 17 to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental 18 . The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your 19 of aerobic exercise and following Mediterranean-style 20 that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.1.[A] pauses [B] returns [C] peaks [D] fades2. [A] alternatively [B] formally [C] accidentally [D] generally3. [A] while [B] since [C] once [D] until4.[A] detection [B] accumulation [C] consumption [D] separation5.[A] possibility [B] decision [C] goal [D] requirement6. [A] delay [B] ensure [C] seek [D] utilize7.[A] modified [B] supported [C] included [D] predicted8. [A] devoted [B] compared [C] converted [D] applied9. [A] with [B] above [C] by [D] against10.[A] lived [B] managed [C] scored [D] played11. [A] ran out [B] set off [C] drew in [D] went by12. [AJ] superior [B] attributable [C] parallel [D] resistant13. [A] restored [B] isolated [C] involved [D] controlled14.[A] alter [B] spread [C] remove [D] explain15. [A] compensations [B] symptoms [C] demands [D] treatments16. [AJ] Likewise [B] Meanwhile [C] Therefore [D]Instead17.[A] change [B] watch [C] count [D] take18.[A] well-being [B]process [C] formation [D] coordination19. [A] level [B] love [C] knowledge [D] space20. [A] design [B] routine [C] diet [D] prescription1.[答案]C(peaks)[解析]逻辑关系题。

高级日语一练习及答案

《高级日语》(一)练习及答案第一課世界の中の日本語(一)次の各文を完成しなさい。

1.歯を磨きこれから寝ようとする時、ふと、大事な用件を思い出した。

2.前に約束したことだし、都合が悪いからといって、行かないわけにもいかない。

3.ほかの人はバスで出かけ、自分一人だけ時間を節約するためにタクシーを拾ったが、渋滞にかかってかえって、ほかの人より遅くなってしまった。

4.あまり遊びもせずけっこう努力しているように見えるが、一向に成績は上がらない。

5.あの人なら一度も会ったことはありませんが、話を聞いたことはあります。

6.よくはわかりませんが、たぶん3時だと思います。

7.ちょっとすみませんが、郵便局へ行くにはどのバスに乗ればよろしいでしょうか。

8.あまりにもおかしかったので、思わず噴出してしまった。

9.知っていたのに、一言も言ってくれなかった。

10.いろいろと迷った末頼んでみたが、彼は快く引き受けてくれた。

(二)次の各文のa・b・c・dから最も適当なものを選びなさい。

1.おうふく b はがきで同窓会の案内状を送った。

a 住複b 往復c 住復d 往複2.勉強しなければいい成績はと言われると、怠け者の私には c 。

a 顔から火が出るb 腹が立つc 耳が痛いd 雲をつかむようだ3.父は酒には d 。

a 口が合うb 気があるc 熱を上げるd 目がない4.初めて経験した梅雨で、まるで家中が a した感じだ。

a じめじめb ぬるぬるc つるつるd さらさら5.目的もなく、毎日 b した生活を送る。

a にやにやb だらだらc わくわくd ぎゅうぎゅう6.暗闇から白い服の人が突然現われたので、 b した。

a ふっとb はっとc ほっとd ぱっと7.風邪を引いた。

a 学校を休んだ。

a それでb するとc そこでd それなら8.「彼は最近勉強に打ち込んでいると。

」「 d 成績はあまり上がらないね。

」a それでb ところがc それにしてもd それにしては9.早速彼に電話した b 、出かけていて連絡がつきませんでした。

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1 答案:C解析:解析:社会主义法治理念兼容并蓄,充分借鉴和吸收了人类法治文明的优秀成果。

中国传统法律思想是社会主义治理念的重要来源,故A项错误。

社会主义法治理念的理论基础包括马克思、列宁的法治思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系中的法治思想。

剩余价值学说是马克思主义政治经济学的重要组成部分,并非社会主义法治理念的主要基础,故B 项错误。

社会主义法治理念是建设社会主义法治文化、增强全社会法律意识的价值指引,故C项正确,当选。

社会主义法治理念是中国特色社会主义理论体系的重要组成部分,是社会主义法治建设的指导思想,构成我国社会主义法治的理论体系,故D项错误。

2 答案:D解析:解析:马克思、恩格斯的思想理论体系主要是由马克思主义哲学、政治经济学和科学社会主义三个部分组成。

马克思主义的这三个组成部分,不仅包含着研究社会主义法治的方法论,而且包含着人民主权思想、法的本质和功能的思想,法律权威的思想等,构成了社会主义法治理念的理论基础和源头。

马克思主义法治思想,主要包括马克思、恩格斯、列宁的法治思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系中的法治思想,是马克思主义国家与法的理论的组成部分,是指导社会主义法治建设的世界观和方法论,是社会主义法治理念的理论基础。

故选项A、B、C项正确。

新中国成立60年来,中国共产党领导中国人民进行社会主义法治建设的丰富实践,为社会主义法治理念的不断升华奠定了坚实的实践基础。

故D项错误。

3 答案:B解析:解析:依法治国的基本内涵包括四个方面:(1)人民民主是依法治国的政治基础。

(2)法制完备是法治国家的重要标志。

法制完备是指一个国家法律体系的健全、完善、规范、系统、协调和同意。

法律制度是法治的基础,完备的法律制度是法治建设的重要先决条件。

法制完备是法治国家的重要标志,也是法治建设的首要目标。

依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家的基础和前提是完善中国特色社会主义法律体系。

法制完备首先是指形式意义上的完备,即法律制度的类别齐全、规范系统、内在统一。

实质意义上的完备则指法律制度适应社会发展的需要,满足社会发展的客观要求,同时符合公平正义的价值要求。

故A项正确,B项说法错误。

(3)树立宪法法律权威是依法治国的必然要求。

树立宪法法律权威,是指宪法和法律在国家和社会生活中享有崇高的威望,得到广泛的认同和普遍的遵守;宪法和法律在调控社会生活方面发挥基础和主导的作用,一切国家权力和其他社会规范只能在宪法和法律的支配下发挥作用。

故C项说法正确。

(4)权力制约是依法治国的关键环节。

依法治国关键在于依法制权规范约束公权力,防止其滥用和扩张,保障人民权益。

没有权力制约,依法治国也就无从谈起。

建立健全决策权、执行权、监督权既相互制约又相互协调的权力结构和运行机制,是建设社会主义法治国家的基本要求和特征。

权力制约,要求职权由法定、有权必有责、用权受监督、违法受追究。

故D项说法正确。

4 答案:D解析:解析:执法为民的基本内涵包括三个方面:(1)以人为本是执法为民的根本出发点。

以人为本,是科学发展观的核心,也是执法为民的根本出发点。

坚持以人为本,就是在执法目的上要以维护最广大人民群众的根本利益为本,在执法标准上以人民满意为本,在执法方式上充分依靠人民群众,实行专门机关和群众路线相结合。

故B项说法正确。

(2)保障人权是执法为民的基本要求。

尊重和保障人权,是我国宪法规定的一项基本原则。

执法为民最基本的要求就是尊重和保障人权,切实维护公民的合法权利。

其具体内容包括:保障人民群众的生存权和发展权;保障人民群众的公民和政治权利;保障人民群众的经济、社会、文化权利;保障特定群体的权利。

故A项说法正确(3)文明执法是执法为民的客观需要。

执法为民还是“一切权力属于人民”的宪法原则的具体体现。

我国宪法明确规定“中华人民共和国的一切权力属于人民”,一切国家机关和国家工作人员必须“努力为人民服务”。

人民主权是执法为民的前提条件。

一执法机关本身并不具备权力所有者的身份,它仅仅是权力的行使者。

这从根本上决定了执法机关存在的目的就是合法行使人民赋予的权力,用人民的权力为人民服务,而不能损害人民利益。

故C项正确。

及时、高效应该是公平正义的一个重要标尺,故D项说法错误,当选。

5 答案:A解析:解析:社会主义法治理念的无论是对立法还是执法司法都有明确的要求。

对立法的要求是:坚持科学立法、坚持民主立法、坚持法制统一、坚持体系完备。

故A项说法错误。

社会主义法治理念是中国特色社会主义的法治理念,它反映和指引着社会主义法治的性质、功能、目标方向、价值取向和实现途径,是社会主义法治的精髓和灵魂,也是立法、执法、司法、守法和法律监督的指导思想。

故C项正确。

社会主义法治理念的基本特征之一就是彻底的人民性。

其含义是指社会主义法治反映最广大人民的根本利益和共同意志,是党领导人民制定和实施法律,有效治理社会的方式、过程和状态。

社会主义法治建设的根本目的,就是要实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民的利益。

社会主义法治与全体公民的生产生活息息相关,人民是法治的主体,是法治建设的重要参与者和推动力。

社会主义法治理念将执法为民作为社会主义法治的本质属性,体现了人民民主专政国体的性质和人民主权的原则,确认了人民的主体地位,规定了法治建设的根本目的,内在地要求全体公民自觉树立和实践社会主义法治理念,成为社会主义法治理念的承载者,自觉受其引导,遵守法律,维护法治的基本原则和精神。

故BD说法正确。

6 答案:c解析:解析:在全国人大闭会期间,全国人大常委会有权对全国人大制定的法律进行部分修改和补充,但不得与该法律的基本原则相抵触。

A项错误。

在我国判例虽然不是法的正式渊源,但是它对法院审判工作具有一定的参考价值和影响力,可以被视为是法的非正式渊源。

B项错误。

党的政策对立法、执法、司法活动都有一定的影响力,也可以被视为是法的非正式渊源。

D项错误。

根据我国一些法律的规定,国际惯例在我国具有正式的法律效力,因此可以作为我国法的渊源。

比如:《民法通则》第142条第2、3款规定,我国缔结或者参加的国际条约同我国的民事法律有不同规定的,适用国际条约的规定,但我国声明保留的条款除外。

我国法律和我国缔结或者参加的国际条约没有规定的,可以适用国际惯例。

因此,C项的表述正确。

7 答案:D解析:解析:解答本题需要了解法制与法治的相关概念和理论。

法制是法的制定、执行、司法、守法和法律监督的总称。

法治是指以法对国家权力的限制和制约,以有效地制约和合理运用公共权力,使已经制定的法律获得普遍的服从。

法治要求法律全面全方位地介入社会生活,但绝不意味着法律取代了其他社会调整手段,事实上法律也不可能取代其他调整手段,A项的说法过于绝对。

法治与法制的根本区别在于法对国家权力的限制与制约不同,而不在于社会对法律的重视程度。

法治的核心是权利保障与权力制约,而法制的最终目的是建立符合统治阶级的法律秩序。

因此B项的说法也不适当,而D项的说法正确。

法制主要强调法律和制度及其实施,并未涉及实施效果,因此实现法制就不会出现牺牲个案实体正义的情况说法也不适当,故C项不正确。

8 答案:c解析:解析:法与宗教都是社会存在的反映,都是社会意识,属于上层建筑的范畴,并在一定程度上反映了特定人群的世界观,是广义的文化现象的组成部分。

在社会发展的早期,法与宗教规范是浑然一体的,没有严格分离,都是人们行为的规范。

但随着社会的发展,人类文明的进步,法与宗教逐渐分离,形成各自不同的调整范围。

法只规范人们的行为,退出了对人们精神领域的调整。

而宗教却在规范人们行为的同时,还控制人的精神。

在当今社会,除了政教合一的国家以外,其他国家的法与宗教都严格分离,只有政教合一的国家还把某些宗教教义作为法的渊源。

因此A、B、D项正确,C项错误。

故本题选C项。

9 答案:A解析:解析:法律解释的方法是法律在进行法律解释时所必须遵循的特定法律共同体所公认的规则和原则。

主要包括以下几类:(1)文义解释。

也称语法解释、文法解释、文理解释。

是指从法律条文的字面意义来说明法律规定的含义。

文义解释的特点是将解释的焦点集中在语言上,而不顾及根据语言解释出的结果是否公正、合理。

(2)历史解释。

通过研究有关立法的历史资料或新旧法的对比中了解法律的含义。

进行历史解释的目的,主要是探求某一法律概念如何被接受到法条中来,某一个条文、制度乃至某一部法律是如何被规定进法律体系中来,立法者是基于哪些价值作出决定的。

(3)体系解释。

也称逻辑解释、系统解释,将被解释的法律条文放在整部法律中乃至整个法律体系中,联系此法条与其他法条的相互关系来解释法律。

本题中联系不同法律条文对三权分立的解释即为体系解释,故选择A。

(4)客观目的解释。

是指根据“理性的目的”或“在有效的法秩序的框架中客观上所指示的”目的即法的客观目的而不是根据过去和目前事实上存在着的任何个人的目的,对某个法律规定进行解释。

即法律从被颁布之日起,就有它自身的目的。

法律解释的目标就是探求这一个内在于法律的目标。

用来决定法律目标的时间点是裁判时。

(5)立法者的目的解释。

又称为主观目的解释,是指根据参与立法的人的意志或立法资料揭示某个法律规定的含义,或者说将对某个法律规定的解释建立在参与立法的人的意志或立法资料的基础之上。

这种方法是探求立法者事实上的意思,即立法者的看法、企图和价值观。

(6)比较解释。

是指根据外国的立法例和判例学说对某个法律规定进行解释。

即利用另一个社会或国家的法律状况证成某个法律解释结果。

对于中国这样的大规模地移植其他国家法律制度及法学的国家的法制实践来说,比较解释的重要性是不言而喻的。

10 答案:c解析:解析:法的规范作用可分为指引、评价、教育、预测和强制五种:1.指引作用:指法对本人的行为具有引导作用。

在这里,行为的主体是每个人自己。

对人的行为的指引有两种形式:一种是个别性指引,即通过一个具体的指示形成对具体的人的具体情况的指引;一种是规范性指引,是通过一般的规则对同类的人或行为的指引。

从立法技术上看,法律对人的行为的指引通常采用两种方式:一种是确定的指引,即通过设置法律义务,要求人们作出或抑制一定行为,使社会成员明确自己必须从事或不得从事的行为界限。

一种是不确定的指引,又称选择的指引,是指通过宣告法律权利,给人们一定的选择范围。

2.评价作用:法律作为一种行为标准,具有判断、衡量他人行为合法与否的评判作用。

这里,行为的对象是他人。

3.教育作用:指通过法的实施使法律对一般人的行为产生影响。

这种作用又具体表现为示警作用和示范作用。

4.预测作用:凭借法律的存在,可以预先估计到人们相互之间会如何行为。

5.强制作用:指法可以通过制裁违法犯罪行为来强制人们遵守法律。

本题中考察的作用对象是人们相互的行为,是对大家遵守交通规则的行为的一种预测,所以,C项当选。

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