最新Book4-unit1-grammar(主谓一致-导学案)

课 题: Book4-Unit1 Women of achievement

Grammar

【学习目标】Learn and know Subject —Verb Agreement

【学习重点】Learn and grasp the rules of Subject —Verb Agreement 【学习难点】The principles in Subject —Verb Agreement.

一、 材料助读 [主谓一致(Subject —Verb Agreement)的四大原则]

1. 语法一致原则：即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式， 谓语也用复数形式。（即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2. 意义一致原则：即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形

式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。（即 主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。）

3.就近原则：即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。

4.随前原则（就远原则）：“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语，谓语与主语一致 二、 预习自测

1．The teacher and writer (be)my friend. 2．Another three years (have)passed.

3．In front of the house (stand )two apple trees. 4．A basketball team (have)5 members.

5．To learn one or two foreign languages (be)very important nowadays. 6．The basketball team (be)having baths now. 7．No one except his own supporters (agree)with him. 8．There (stand)in the park a big tree about thirty feet tall. 9．The rich (be)for the plan ，but the poor are against it.

10．Mr.Black together with his children (go)to the park every Sunday.

一、语法一致原则

1、单数主语，不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数

1.) A student is studying English.

2.) Serving the people is my great happiness.

3.) When and where we will go hasn't been decided. 2、复数名词、代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式

① All the students _____(is/ are) clever. ② They _____(like/ likes) English very much. 3、用and 或both…and 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式等作主语谓语动词用复数形式。 当and 连接的并列单数名词前有each ，every 等时谓语动词通常用单数。 当主语由and 连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数 ①Both my father and my mother ______ (is/ are) farmers. ②Every flower and every bush ______ (is/ are) to be cut down. ③The worker and writer ______ (is/ are) from Wuhan.

4、不定代词somebody, something, everything, no one, nothing 等作主语，谓语用单数形式; ①Something ______ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch. ②Anybody who _______ (break / breaks) the rule will be punished.

5、each of…/either of…./one of…谓语动词用单数 Each of the students ______ (has / have) a book.

6、“many a +单数名词 more than one+单数名词

1) Many a foreigner______ (has / have) been to the Great Wall. 2) More than one man ______ (has/ have) died in the accident.

7、Some /a lot of /half of… /the rest of… /part of…/plenty of…/分数（%）+of…/ the majority of + 名词”等作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于of 后的名词或代词的单复数形式。 ① Two-thirds of the students ______ (come/ comes) from countryside. ② Ninety percent of the work _____ (has/ have) been done. 二、意义一致原则：

1. 集体名词family, audience,等作主语，若看作整体，谓语用单数, 若指集体中的 各个成员，谓语用复数。集体名词people, the police 谓语动词永远复数. 1) The group ____ (is/ are) made up of nine students.

2) Chinese people_____ (is/ are) making our country richer and richer. 3) The population of China ______ (is/ are) over 1.3billion and 80% of the population______(is/ are) farmers.