外国文学基础知识竞赛试题(附答案)
外国文学综合常识知识考试题库附答案
外国文学综合常识知识考试题库附答案一．单项选择题1.构成堂·吉诃德性格喜剧性的主要因素是(B)。
A.他对社会的冷嘲热讽B.他企图恢复过时的骑士精神C.他立志铲除人间罪恶却屡遭失败D.他为崇高理想而献身的伟大精神2.塞万提斯在《堂·吉诃德》中巧妙地运用了除(A)以外的艺术手法。
A.写实B.对比C.嘲讽D.夸张3.在《堂·吉诃德》主人公凭空想象的心上人是(A)。
A.杜尔西内娅B.索菲利亚C.桃丽娜D.贝亚特里丝4.《堂·吉诃德》第二部中塞万提斯塑造的卡拉斯科这一人物，是一个(B)。
A.哲学家B.文学士C.牧师D.医生5.(D)是第一位从西班牙语翻译《堂·吉诃德》的译者。
A.林纾B.陈家麟C.傅东华D.杨绛6.《神曲》的主要内容取材于(C)。
A.历史B.神话传说C.圣经故事D.意大利现实生活7.但丁创作《神曲》的目的是(C)。
A.表现宗教思想B.歌颂人类美好的感情C.为人类指出一条从黑暗走向光明的途径D.宣传人文主义精神8.但丁创作《神曲》时使用的语言是(C)。
2m)s%l/K4V0a!D&TA.拉丁语B.希腊语C.意大利语D.希伯来语9.在《神曲》中维吉尔象征的是(A)。
A.理性B.信仰C.神学D.智慧10.除(C)外，其它均是但丁代表作《神曲》的组成部分。
A.《地狱》B.《炼狱》C.《人间》D.《天堂》11.《包法利夫人》中的爱玛是一个(A)。
A.在贵族资产阶级社会的腐蚀和逼迫下堕落毁灭的妇女形象B.个人奋斗者形象C.女冒险家D.追求个性解放的妇女形象12.《包法利夫人》中福楼拜使用“布尔乔亚”一词具有的含义是(C)。
A.资产阶级B.商人C.城镇居民、庸人D.革命者13.包法利夫人的丈夫是(A)。
A.查理C.玉斯旦D.赖昂14.《包法利夫人》第二卷中故事发生的地点是(B)。
A.鲁昂B.永镇C.巴黎D.道特15.《包法利夫人》的副标题是(A)。
外国文学知识竞赛题
1.荷马史诗的文学地位？2.夜莺颂的作者是谁？3.叶甫盖尼.奥涅金的文学地位？4.荒原的风格特点？5.瓦尔登湖共有多少篇散文？6.饥饿艺术家创作背景？7.伊凡.伊里奇之死的流派？8.献给艾米丽的一朵玫瑰花的背景？9.都柏林人的流派？10.堂吉诃德的主角的原名？11.少年维特之烦恼的作者？12.红与黑的主人公？13.呼啸山庄的庄主？14.德伯家的苔丝的结局15.罪与罚中主人公的信仰16.安娜卡列尼娜的结局17.老人与海的作者18.百年孤独的家族？19.雪国的主人公？20.俄狄浦斯王的结局21.美狄亚代表什么形象22.哈姆雷特的叔叔？23.伪君子的创作背景？24.玩偶之家的作者？25.钦差大臣最主要的手法？26.禁闭的名言？27.等待戈多的流派？28.莎乐美的故事溯源？29.奥德修纪的主人公?30.给所爱的作者？31.埃涅阿斯纪的地位？32.神曲所蕴含的思想？33.失乐园中撒旦的结局？34.我孤独的漫游，像一朵云的流派？35.古舟子咏的类别？36.西风颂的作者？37.雅典的少女的作者？38.自我之歌的出处？39.我的前公爵夫人作者的生活时代？40.我是谁的流派？41.在一个地铁车站的全文？42.当你老了的作者？43.牧神的午后的流派？44.论思考的主要观点？45.生活之路共有多少章？46.树林和草原的写作脉络？47.人所歌颂的对象？48.我有一个梦想的作者？49.最后一课的背景？50.黑桃皇后的结局？51.黑猫的作者？52.高老头的主人公背景？53. 第二十二条军规的地点？54. 源氏物语的背景？。
外国文学基础试题及答案
外国文学基础试题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分，媒体只有一个正确答案，请将正确答案的序号填入横线内）1. “三一律”是指：_______。
a. 时间、地点、动作的整一b. 时间、人物、空间的整一c. 时间、人物、情节的整一d. 时间、空间、地点的整一2. 《鲁滨逊漂流记》的作者是：________。
a. 英国的菲尔丁b. 英国的笛福c. 西班牙的塞万提斯d. 法国的狄德罗3. 《坎特雷伯故事集》的作者是________。
7.A.C.8.A.C.9.。
A.10.A.诗剧4、《少年维特的烦恼》莫泊桑5、《约翰?克利斯多夫》加缪6、《死魂灵》高尔基7、《喧哗与骚动》阿.托尔斯泰8、《母亲》果戈里9、《局外人》罗曼.罗兰10、《审判》马克.吐温三、简答题（每小题10分，共40分）1、荷马史诗有哪些艺术特点?2、浪漫主义的特征是什么？3、简述《罪与罚》的艺术特色。
4、简述《静静的顿河》的艺术特点。
四、分析论述题（每小题20分，共20分）在卡夫卡小说《变形记》中，一夜之间，萨姆莎变为一只大甲虫，这种荒诞的事情现实中肯定是看不到的。
但卡夫卡一脸庄重地讲这么一个故事，有什么意义呢？谈谈你对这个故事的理解。
一、单项选择1\a 2\b 3\a 4\c 5\d 6\a 7\d 8\c 9\b 10\c二、连线题1、《羊脂球》莫泊桑2、《汤姆?索亚历险记》马克.吐温3、《复活》阿.托尔斯泰2我3、奥秘”的情节。
这包括外部情节冲突，也包括人物内存心灵的激烈冲突。
小说中，由于作者着力拓宽人物的心理结构，情节结构相对地处于从属地位。
尽管作品中马尔美拉陀夫一家的遭遇令人同情，凶杀事件扣人心弦，但它们都只是“一份犯罪的心理报告”的组成部分。
正因为这样，主人公的内心世界才以前所未有的幅度和深度展现在读者面前。
3、现实主义方法的深化和变异。
作家关注下层人物在现实生活中备受挤压的压抑的生命状态、集中关注罪人、白痴等高智商人物的心灵变态、精神痛苦和多重人格的无理性状态，所以他的小说为后来的现代主义开了先河。
英语文学知识测试题（有答案）
英语文学知识测试题（有答案）英语文学知识第一章英国文学第一阶段中古英国文学（8世纪~14世纪）Old and Medieval English Literature*Geoffrey Chaucer(杰弗里.乔叟)（1340~1400）He is considered the father of modern English poetry because he opened a brilliant page in English literature and had a profound influence on many important English poets. It is him alone who, for the first in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.II 真题详解1.The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group ofpilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic work by __B____.(2005)A. William LanglandB. Geoffrey ChaucerC. William ShakespeareD. Alfred TennysonIII 练习题1.Which of the following does not belong to the works of GeoffreyChaucer ?BA. The Canterbury TalesB. The Vision of Piers PlowmanC .Troilus and Criseyde D. The Romaunt of the Rose2.___D____brings the readers into a world that belongs to the Celtic legend of King Arthur and his knights of the Round Table.A. The Vision of Piers PlowmanB. The house of FameC. The Romaunt of the RoseD. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight3. Which of the following is the translation work of Geoffrey Chaucer? __C___A. The Canterbury TalesB. Troilus and CriseydeC. The Romaunt of the RoseD. The house of Fame4.In the 14th century , the most important writer in England is ___D___.A. LanglandB. WyclifC. GowerD. Chaucer5.In Anglo-Saxon period, Beowulf represented the ___A___ poetry .A .pagan B. religious C .romantic D .sentimental6.When we speak of the old English prose, we might think of __D____, who is the first scholar in English literature and has been regarded as father of English learning.A. William ShakespeareB. BeowulfC. Julius CaesarD. Venerable Bede7.__A_____is not only a prose writer but also a king of Wessex .A. Alfred the GreatB. Venerable BedeC. Adam BedeD. King Arthur8.___A____is the culmination of the Arthurian romance.A .Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB. The Story of BeowulfC. The Vision of Piers PlowmanD. The Canterbury Tales9. William Langland’s __B_____ is written in the form of a dream vision.A .Kublai Khan B. The Vision of Piers PlowmanC. The Dream of John BullD. Morte d’Arthur10.The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is the _C____.A .French B. Latin C. Romance D. Science11.In which century was Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales written? AA. FourteenthB. FifteenthC. Sixteenth D .Seventeenth12.William Langland wrote for __D____.A. the royal familyB. the court C .the monks D .the common people13. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight focuses on ___C___.A. immediate social issuesB. the real life as well as people’s feelings and desiresC .a remote world belongs to the Celtic Legend of King Arthur and his knightsD .the imagination of the future world14. King Alfred’s Anglo Saxon Chronicle was written in ___C___ form .A. poeticB. dramaticC. proseD. none of the above第二阶段文艺复兴时期（14世纪~17世纪中期）The Renaissance PeriodThe word “Renaissance”means “rebirth”. It meant the reintroduction into Western Europe of the full cultural heritage of Greece and Rome. The essence of the Renaissance is Humanism. Attitudes and feelings which had been characteristics of the 14th and 15th centuries persisted well down into the era of Humanism and Reformation. And the real main stream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama.*William Shakespeare (威廉.莎士比亚)(1564~1616)He is the greatest of all Elizabethan dramatists. His sonnets represent the finest poetic craftsmanship of Elizabethan poetry. And many of his plays enjoy international popularity.A Midsummer Night’s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》All is Well that Ends Well《终成眷属》As you like it 《皆大欢喜》Hamlet《哈姆雷特》（四大悲剧之一）King Lear《李尔王》（四大悲剧之一）Macbeth《麦克白》（四大悲剧之一）Othello《奥赛罗》（四大悲剧之一）Much Ado About Nothing 《无事生非》Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与茱丽叶》The Comedy of Errors《错误的喜剧》The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》The Taming of the Shrew 《驯悍记》Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》*Francis Bacon（弗朗西斯.培根）（1561~1626）He is best known for his essays which greatly influenced the development of the literary form. He lays the foundation for modern science with his insistence on scientific way of thinking and fresh observation rather than authority as a basis for obtaining knowledge.II 真题详解1.___B___is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines.（2006）A .Free Verse B. Sonnet C .Ode D .EpigramIII 练习题1.The publication of Philip Sidney’s ___B___ made sonnetsequence a popular literary form in England.A.ArcadiaB. Astrophel and Stella C .Defense of Poetry D.Utopia2.The nine-line verse stanza was originated from __A____.A.Edmund SpenserB.Philip SidneyC. Thomas MoreD. William Shakespeare3.Here is the sentence from an essay, “Read not to contradictand confuse, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider”. The essay must be __A___.A.Of Studies by Francis BaconB.The Advancement of Learning by Francis BaconC.Novum Organum by Francis BaconD.Essays by Francis Bacon4.The literary form of The Faerie Queen is _D____ .A.lyric poemB. ironic poemC.narrative poemD.allegorical poem5.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Ant onio could not payback the money he borrowed form Shylock, because_D____.A.his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textileindustryB.his enterprise went bankruptC.Bassanio was able to pay his own debtD.his ships had all been lost6.Which of the following is not among Shakespeare’s fourgreat tragedies?BA.HamletB.Romeo and JulietC.MacbethD.King Lear7._A____is the first important English essaylist and the founder of modern science in England.A.Francis BaconB.Edmund SpenserC.William CarxtonD.Sidney8.What flourished in Elizabethan age more than any other form of literature?BA.NovelB.DramaC. EssayD.Poetry9.___D___exposes the corruption of vicious ambition.A.OthelloB.King LearC.HamletD.Macbeth10.Sir Thomas More wrote Utopia in__C____in 1516.A.FrenchB.English/doc/b49552498.html,tinD.Italian11.William Shakespeare is one of the giants of__D____.A.RomanticismB.critical realismC.AestheticismD.the Renaissance12.How many lines does a sonnet have?CA.10B.12C.14D.They vary13.Which of the following plays written by Shakespeare is history play?CA.Juliet CaesarB. The Merry Wives of WindsorC.Henry IVD.King Lear14.Which is Christopher Marlowe’s first famous play?AA.TamburlaineB.Edward IIC.The tragical History of Doctor FaustusD. The Jew of Malta15.Which of the following is NOT the work of Sir Philip Sideny?DA.Astrophel and StellaB.Denfense of PoetryC.ArcadiaD.Samson Agonists16.Spenserian stanza is a_C_____.A.14 Line stanzaB.8 line stanzaC.9 line stanzaD.12 line stanza17.Which of the following is NOT the feature of Metaphysical poems?CA.They use conceits to express ideas in sharp and harsh manner.B.They reject the romantic exaggeration of Elizabethan love poetry.C.Their metaphors are commonly used in daily life.D.The form of them is often an argument with the poet’s lover,God or himself.18. “To be, or not to be”has become a universal question puzzling every intellectual mind. This is a quotation from__B__.A.King LearB.HamletC.Romeo and JulietD.Othello19.The first official version of Bible known as the Great Bible,was revised in___B___.A.16th centuryB.17th centuryC.18th centuryD.19th century20.In reading Shakespeare , you must have come across the phrase “The pound of flesh” by_C____./doc/b49552498.html,go in OthelloB.Lear in King LearC.Shylock in The Merchant of VeniceD.Hamlet in Hamlet21.Most of the ballads of the 15 th century focused on the legend about___C___as a heroic figure.A.Green NightsB.GawainC.Robin HoodD.Hamlet22.In the 16 th century, Thomas More’s work___D___ became immediately popular after its publication.A. Paradise LostB.A Pleasant Satire of the Throe EstatesC. The Faerie QueenD.Utopia23.___C____is from Shakespeare’s sonnet No.18.A. “Let me not to the marriage of true minds”B. “To be or not to be:that is the question”C. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day”D. “No longer mourn for me when I am dead”24.Which of the following does not belong toShakespeare’s romantic love comedie s?BA.Twelfth NightB.The TempestC.As you like itD.The Merchant of Venice25. “Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man, and writing an exact man” is from__C_____’s essay Of Stuies.A.Alexander PopeB.John MiltonC.Francis BaconD.Charles Lamb26.Francis Bacon’s Essays first published in 1597 has been considered as an important landmark in the development of English___D___,and as the first collection of essays in the English language.A.poetryB.epicsC.fictionD.prose27.The Flea was written by_A____.A.John DonneB.Philip SidneyC.Thomas MoreD.William Shakspeare第三阶段新古典主义时期（17世纪中期~18世纪）The Neoclassical PeriodI 概述Enlightenment Movement was a progressive intellectual movement, which flourished in France and swept through the whole Western Europe. The movement was a furtherance of theRenaissance from the 14th century to the mid 17th century.The purpose of the movement was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas.It celebrated reason of nationality, equality and science. It advocated universal education. Literature at the time became a very popular means of public education. With the introduction of the Enlightenment Movement into England, a revival of interest in the old classical works was in full swing. This tendency is known as the neoclassicism. The neoclassicists held that all forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Creek and Roman writers. They believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy, and that literature should be judged in terms of the thematic concern.*Alexander Pope (亚历山大.蒲柏)（1688~1744）Alexander Pope strongly advocated neoclassicism, emphasizing that literary works should be judged by classical rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum. He first introduced rationalism to England and is one of the greatest poets in his century as well as in the English literature world.II 真题详解1.In Literture a story in verse or prose with a doublemeaning is defined as____A__.(2010)A.allegoryB.sonnetC.blank verseD.rhymeIII 练习题1.By making the truth-seeking pilgrims suffer at the handsof the people of Vanity Fair, John Bunya intends to show the prevalent political and religious_D______.A.persecutionB.improvementC.prosperityD.disillusionment2.An honest, kind-hearted young man, who is full of animal spirit and lacks prudence, is expelled from the paradise and has to go through hard experience to gain knowledge of himself and finally to have been accepted both by a virtuous lady and a rich relative. The above sentence may well sum up the theme of Fielding’s work__B____.A.Jonathan Wild the GreatB.Tom JonesC.The Coffee-House PoliticianD.Amelia3.Whichof following works was not written by Jonathan Swift?DA.A Modest ProposalB.Gulliver’s TravelsC.A Tale of a TubD.The Rivals4_B_____was the greatest dramatist during the Neoclassical Period in England.A.GoldsmithB.SheridanC.SternD.Fielding5.__C____is the most successful religious allegory in theEnglish language.A.GenesisB.ExodusC.The Pilgrim’s ProgressD.The Holy War6.__D___is one of Swift’s masterpiece. It is a satire oncorruption in religion and learning.A. The Way of the WorldB.Love for LoveC.The Beggar’s OperaD.A Tale of a Tub7.Many lines from Alexander Pope’s poem An Essay onCriticism have become proverbial maxims,such as: “T o err is human；to forgive, divine.”“__A____learning is a dangerous thing.”A. A littleB.LittleC.NoD. Few8. Which of the following does not belong to pioneeringefforts in the creation of the English novel?DA. John Lily’s EuphuesB.Sir Philip Sidney’s ArcadiaC.Thomas Lodge’s RosalndeD.Samuel Richardson’s Pamela9.The novel Gulliver’s Travels was written by_B____.A.Tobias SmollettB.Jonathan Swift/doc/b49552498.html,urence SterneD.John Bunyan10.Whose work signaled the beginning of the age ofRestoration Drama?BA.William WycherleyB.John DrydenC.William CongreveD.John Gay11.Which of the following books was Samuel Johnson’s monumental success?AA. A Dictionary of the English LanguageB.Oliver TwistC.The Old Curiosity ShopD.Barnaby Rudge12. Who is best remembered as the recipient of Johnson’s famous letter?BA.DickensB.Lord ChesterfieldC.Thomas HardyD.Joseph Addison13._D____’s The Pilgrim’s Progress was writtenin the form of allegory and dream.AJohn Dryden B.Francis Bacon C.John Milton D.John Bunyan14.John Dryden was all of the following EXCEPT___D____in the literary world of Restoration England .A.a poetB.a dramatistC.a literary criticD.a short story writer15.An Essay on Criticism was written by__D____, which first established his reputation as a_______.A.Francis Bacon,criticB.Francis Bacon,essayistC.Alexander Pope,playwrightD.Alexander Pope,poet16.Daniel Defoe was famous for his novel__B____which is often considered to be the first novel in English literature.A.Gulliver’s TravelsB.The Adventures of Robinson CrusoeC.The Pilgrim’s ProgressD.Oliver Twist17.A Dictionary of the English Language(1755) by___B__was the first comprehensive lexicographical work on English ever undertaken.A.Francis BaconB.Samuel JohnsonC.Alexander PopeD.John Milton18. “Yahoos”from the novel___A___written by Jonathan Swift are described to be very much similar to human beings in outward appearance and their unworthy actions as well.A.Gulliver’s TravelsB.The Adventures of Robinson CrusoeC.The Wuthering HeightsD. Sons and Lovers19.___C___’s masterpiece T om Jones provides a vivid andtruthful panoramic view of the life of the English society in the18 th century.A.Daniel DefoeB.Jonathan SwiftC.Henry FieldingD.Jane Austin20.The greatest English playwright of the 18 th century was__D___.A.Walt ScottB.Bernard ShawC.Thomas GrayD.Richard Sheridan第四阶段浪漫主义时期（18世纪末期~19世纪中期）The Romantic PeriodI 概述In the late 18 th century, a new literary movement called Romanticism came to European mainland and then to England. It was characterized by a strong protest against the bondage of neoclassicism, which emphasized reason, order and elegant wit. Instead, romanticism gave primary concern to passion, emotion, and natural beauty.In the history of literature, Romanticism is generally regarded as the thought that designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and all experience. The Romantic period is an age of poetry.Blake, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats are the major poets. They started a rebellion againstthe neoclassical literature, which was later regarded as “the poetic revolution”. It prevailed in England from 1798to 1837.II 真题详解1.The novel Emma is written by__D____.(2005)A.Mary ShellyB.Charlotte BronteC.ElizabethC.GaskellD.Jane Austen2.Ode to the West Wind was written by___D__.(2009)A.William BlakeB.William ShakespeareC.Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD.Percy B.ShelleyIII 练习题1.“Poetry is Spontaneous” was put forward by__C____.A.Robert BurnsB. William BlakeC.William WordsworthD.Charles Lamb2.Wordsworth is a___C____.A.realistB.classicistC.romanticistD.impressionist3.The author of Odw to the West Wind is__A____.A.ShelleyB.ByronC.romanticistD.impressionist4. Which of the following did not belong toRomanticism？DA.KeatsB.ShelleyC. WordsworthD.AlfredTennyson5.Prometheus Unbound was written by___D___.It appeared in the year of Peterloo Massacre.A.WordsworthB.CloeridgeC.ByronD.Shelly6.Frankenstein was filmed many times. Who wrote the book?CA.Edgar Allan PoeB.James JoyceC.Mary ShelleyD.Brain Stoker7.Which of the following poem was not written by John Keats?AA.Ode to the West WindB.Ode to AutumnC.Ode on a Grecian UrnD.Ode to a Nightingale8.Whose informal essays observed life with humor, and often in a gloomy tone?BA.Joseph AddisonB.Charles LambC.Lord ChesterfieldD.Thomas Hardy9. Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein belongs to the type of___A___which is often set in gloomy castles where horrifying ,supernatural events take place.A.GothicB.RealismC.RomanticismD.Classicism10.The English poets___D____,William Wordsworth ,and Robert Southey, were known as “Lake Poets”becausethey lived in the Lake District Northwestern England at the beginning of the 19 th century.A.George Gordon ByronB.John KeatsC.Percy B.ShellyD.Samuel Taylor Coleridge11.George Gordon Byron was famous for the following works EXCEPT__B_____.A.Childe Harold’s PilgrimageB.Ode to SkylarkC.Hours of IdlenessD.Don Juan12.Prometheus Unbound is a symbolic work in the form of verse-drama written by___A____.A.Percy Bysshe ShelleyB.John KeatsC.Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD.George Gordon Byron13.The famous line “If winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”was from__A___written by Percy Bysshe Shelley.A.Ode to the West WindB.Ode on a Grecian UrnC.Ode to a SkylarkD.Ode to a Nightingale14.__C____is one of the best known novels written by Jane Austen.A.Jane EyreB.Tess of the d’UrbervillesC.Pride and PrejudiceD.The Wuthering Heights15.Essays of Elia and Tales from Shakespeare were。
外国文学基础知识竞赛试题(附答案)
外国文学基础知识竞赛试题（附答案）1.教会文学：又称僧侣文学，教会文学在中世纪欧洲文学史上长期占统治地位，使用的文字主要是拉丁文，基本文学体裁有基督故事、圣徒传、祷告文、赞美诗、宗教叙事诗、宗教戏剧等。
创作目的主要是宣传宗教教义、鼓吹禁欲主义和来世思想，艺术上多采用梦幻故事形式和寓意性、象征性的表现方法。
2.骑士传奇：是一种叙事诗，主要内容是写骑士为获得荣誉、保护宗教或为了赢得贵夫人的爱情而到处冒险，同妖魔鬼怪或异教徒斗争。
题材来源可分为三个系统：一是不列颠系统；二是拜占庭系统；三是古代系统，即模仿古代希腊罗马文学作品的叙事诗，亚瑟与圆桌骑士是骑士传奇最常见的题材。
3.城市文学：又称市民文学，是12世纪以后随着工商业中心城市的兴起而产生的反应市民思想感情的世俗文学，取材于现实生活，充满乐观精神，具有鲜明的反封建、反教会的倾向，因受教会文学影响也采用限喻、寓意和象征等手法。
主要作品有法国的《列那狐传奇》和《玫瑰传奇》等。
4.“温柔的新体”：温柔的新体诗是对普罗旺斯抒情诗、西西里爱情诗传统的继承和突破，它抒发了对崇高爱情的强烈渴望，对诗人爱恋的女子的热烈赞美。
《新生》是但丁作为温柔的新体诗人的主要创作成果。
5.《神曲》：采用中世纪文学特有的幻游形式，但丁以自己为主人公，假象他作为一名活人对冥府一死人的王国进行了一次幻游。
全诗分为《地狱》《炼狱》《天堂》三部，原名《喜剧》，薄伽丘在《但丁传》中为了表示对诗人的崇敬，给这部作品冠以“神圣的”称谓，中译本通称《神曲》。
6.彼特拉克：被认为是第一个人文主义学者，被誉为“人文主义之父”，他的抒情诗集《歌集》，表达了诗人的爱情观和幸福观，采用十四行诗体，并使这种诗体达到完美的境地，用意大利语写作，使诗歌更接近现实生活，这些新特点对后世欧洲诗歌的形式及内容产生了很大影响。
7.《巨人传》：拉伯雷的代表作品，主要描写巨人卡刚都压和他儿子庞大固埃的故事，作家用象征手法塑造了两个无论在躯体上还是在精神上都高大雄硕的巨人典型，这是欧洲近代文学中，人的形象首次顶天立地屹立在神的面前的一次成功的尝试，无情的批判了封建国家的黑暗与罪恶，小说也提出了新兴资产阶级的社会理想、情节离奇、想象丰富、夸张奇特、讽刺辛辣。
外国文学考试试题
外国文学考试试题一、选择题（每题 3 分，共 30 分）1、《哈姆雷特》的作者是（）A 歌德B 莎士比亚C 但丁D 薄伽丘2、下列作品中，不属于雨果的是（）A 《巴黎圣母院》B 《悲惨世界》C 《简·爱》D 《九三年》3、古希腊神话中，盗取天火送给人类的神是（）A 宙斯B 赫拉C 普罗米修斯D 阿波罗4、被誉为“俄罗斯文学之父”的是（）A 果戈里B 屠格涅夫C 普希金D 托尔斯泰5、《老人与海》的作者是（）A 海明威B 马克·吐温C 杰克·伦敦D 德莱塞6、以下哪部作品是巴尔扎克的代表作（）A 《高老头》B 《红与黑》C 《包法利夫人》D 《罪与罚》7、莫里哀的代表作品是（）A 《伪君子》B 《浮士德》C 《阴谋与爱情》D 《玩偶之家》8、欧洲文艺复兴时期的人文主义文学的主要特征不包括（）A 肯定人的价值和尊严B 反对封建礼教C 提倡理性和科学D 强调宗教信仰9、下列作品中，属于批判现实主义文学的是（）A 《堂吉诃德》B 《神曲》C 《人间喜剧》D 《鲁滨逊漂流记》10、卡夫卡的代表作品是（）A 《城堡》B 《百年孤独》C 《喧哗与骚动》D 《尤利西斯》二、填空题（每题 2 分，共 20 分）1、《神曲》分为《地狱》、《＿___》和《天堂》三部分。
2、古希腊悲剧《俄狄浦斯王》的作者是____。
3、歌德的代表作是《＿___》。
4、英国浪漫主义诗人雪莱的代表作是《＿___》。
5、列夫·托尔斯泰的三部巨著是《战争与和平》、《安娜·卡列尼娜》和《＿___》。
6、美国作家马克·吐温的两部重要作品是《汤姆·索亚历险记》和《＿___》。
7、易卜生的“社会问题剧”代表作有《玩偶之家》、《＿___》等。
8、意识流小说的代表作家有乔伊斯、伍尔芙和____。
9、法国作家罗曼·罗兰的《约翰·克里斯朵夫》是一部____小说。
10、存在主义文学的代表作家是萨特和____。
《外国文学》试题及答案
《外国文学》试题及答案一、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1.《喧哗与骚动》这一书名来自莎士比亚的悲剧《》。
2.危地马拉是古代玛雅一基切人的故乡。
有一部被称为玛雅一基切人的“圣经”的神话，它的名字叫（）3.这位作家出生于古巴哈瓦那附近的一个小村镇，两岁时回到意大利的圣莫雷。
1947年以小说《通向蜘蛛巢的小路》而蜚声文学界。
这位作家是（）4.这则希腊神话讲述了一个人物被诸神惩罚周而复始地推巨石上山的故事。
法国著名作家运用这则神话写出著名哲学随笔《》5.这位小说家生于阿根廷的布宜诺斯艾利斯，在他的小说中充满了一些形式化的意象，如：梦、镜子、废墟、花园、沙漏，罗盘等，这位小说家是（）。
6.美国学者（填人名）在评论一个文学流派的代表作家的创作特征时指出：他“一个手法就是把现实与幻想纯熟地融合起来，由于使用这种手法，他的小说给人的印象是：这是一个纯粹虚构的世界。
在这个世界里，任何事都是可能的，每件事都是真实的。
”7.“我存在，是我自己在维持我的存在。
我的躯体，一旦它开始有了，它就会自行活下去，但是我的思想，是我在维持它、我在展开它。
”“我存在着，我活着，我思想所以我存在，我存在因为我思想。
”这是小说《》中主人公的内心独白。
二、单项选择题（请把正确答案的序号填在括号内。
每题2分，共12分）1、这一流派的小说家在艺术观念上极力主张文学应该客观摹写世界，主张在作品中抛弃任何作家主观的思想、见解和议论，作家所做的只是精细、如实地反映外部世界，尤其是刻绘外在的物质世界。
因此，对“物”的重要性的强调在这一流派的小说家那里走向了极端。
这一流派是：（）A.现实主义B.存在主义C新小说派D.表现主义2.美国文学理论家汉弗莱曾对意识流小说下过这样的定义：“意识流小说是侧重于探索意识的未形成语言层次的一类小说，其目的是为了揭示人物的精神存在。
”所谓“意识的未形成语言层次”，指的是：（）A前意识与无意识层次B意识与无意识层次C意识与前意识层次D.意识、前意识与无意识层次3.“元叙述”即对小说是如何被叙述出来的过程的一种叙述。
外国文学考题附有详细答案(一)
《外国文学》考试卷（A）一、填空题（本题共12小题，每空1分，共15分）1、法国古典主义悲剧的创始人是_高乃依__。
2、古希腊悲剧中欧理庇德斯_被称为“舞台上的哲学家”。
3、文艺复兴时期被称为“英国诗歌之父”的诗人是_乔叟_，他的代表作是《坎特伯雷故事集》。
4、古希腊神话包括神的故事和英雄传说两部分。
它们的主要特点是__人神同形同性_。
5、荷马史诗包括了《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》两部。
6、英国现实主义小说的奠基人是__笛福__，他创作的长篇小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》标志了英国现实主义小说的开端。
7、《巨人传》的作者是_拉伯雷_。
8、盎格鲁•撒克逊人的史诗《贝奥武甫》是流传至今的中世纪早期英雄史诗中最完整的一部。
9、雨果的《__<克伦威尔>序言_ 》被认为是法国浪漫主义文学运动的宣言书。
10、莫里哀的喜剧《悭吝人》中塑造了典型的吝啬鬼形象阿巴贡。
11、司各特是欧洲历史小说的创始人。
12、“耶拿派”的主要代表有小说家蒂克和诗人_诺瓦利斯__。
二、单项选择题（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。
把正确答案的标号填在括号内。
）1、名句“西风哟，如果冬天已经来临，春天还会遥远吗？”出自于雪莱的（ B ）。
A、《自由颂》B、《西风颂》C、《东风颂》D、《解放了的普罗米修斯》2、《伊尼德》是古罗马著名作家（ D ）创作的一部文人史诗。
A、贺拉斯B、奥维德C、阿普列尤斯D、维吉尔3、提出“返回自然”口号的作家是（ B ）。
A、狄德罗B、卢梭C、海涅D、华兹华斯4、《奥德修纪》突出的主题是（ B ）。
A、和平B、冒险精神C、宗教D、来世思想5、打破古典戏剧的框框，在一个剧本中把悲剧因素和喜剧因素结合在一起的作家是（ B ）。
A 马洛B 莎士比亚C 基德D 黎里6、《威尼斯商人》中的鲍西娅是一个（ C ）。
A、知识渊博的知识女性B、乐于助人、纯洁善良的女性C、人文主义的新女性D、爱情至上的女性典型7、中世纪后期最著名的英雄史诗是（ B ）。