海天考研英语内部讲义
2013考研海天名师讲解英语新增60个词汇
2013考研海天名师讲解英语新增60个词汇2013年考研的孩子们，你们好！2013年考研新大纲英语一和二今天（ 9月14日）和大家见面了，海天考研宫东风英语团队第一时间为学生就13考研英语大纲进行解析，新大纲删减许多词汇的同时新增60个词汇，新大纲应用文写作部分删除了摘要写作要求，大家不用准备摘要了。
英语二删除了阅读新题型中的判断正误题型。
别的方面没有改动。
这充分体现了教育部考试中心的维护安定团结以人为本的大方针。
近来，网上流传的新增700词，增加听力等新题型，阅读难度到专业八级都是没有根据的，扰乱人心的…海天考研希望同学们以后在考研政策上对政府要有信任，别信网上的谣传…考研的孩子，咱伤不起！目前，大家要认真反复精研真题，把真题读懂读透读熟读烂…孩子们，加油！Never say die!考试大纲新增的60个词汇详解1accustom使习惯于(to)：~ oneself to rising early使自己习惯于早起 / ~ sb. to sea life使某人习惯于海上生活 / ~ one’s ears to the di n使自己的耳朵适应喧闹声2alienatevt.1使疏远，使不友好；离间；The management must never become ~d from the employees.管理层决不能脱离员工。
2【律】转让，让渡（财产等）3使转移；使转向▷alienator n.3allegiancen.1（对国家、政府、事业、个人等的）忠诚；效忠，忠贞：give ~ to效忠于2（臣子对君主的）臣服义务3（侨民对所居国政府的）效忠义务4apen.1无尾猿；类人猿3粗野的大汉4模仿者，学样的人vt.模仿，学…的样adj.〈口〉疯狂的；狂热的◇go ~〈口〉发疯；变得狂热：go ~ over a girl为一个姑娘神魂颠倒▷apelike adj. / aper n.5archaeologyn.1考古学2（某民族的）文化遗迹，古迹▷archaeological adj. / archaeologically adv. / archaeologist n. / archaeologize vi.6bail1n.【律】保释金；保释人；保释；accept (或refuse) ~ 准许（不准许）保释vt.1保释（某人）；（法官）将（在押犯）交保释放2 托付（财务）~ out 1保释：~ sb. out保释某人 2帮助（某人）脱离困境；从困境中摆脱出来 / forfeit ~ 保释后不出庭候审 / go (stand) ~ for 做…的保释人；为…提供保释金/ hold sb. to ~ 拘留某人直至交保 / jump ~〈口〉=forfeit ~ / on ~ 交保后：be out on ~ 在保释中 / post ~ 缴纳保释金/ save (surrender to) one’s ~ 保释后如期到庭受审 bail2n.戽斗，桶（用来舀出船舱里的水）vt.舀（水）；从（船）中舀水(out)：~ (out) the boat （或~water out of a boat）舀出船舱里的水vi.舀出船舱里的水◇~ on〈美口〉让…失望 / ~ out 1（从飞机上）紧急跳伞2畏难而去▷bailer n. bail3n.1[~s]【史】（城堡的）外层防卫桩；栅栏2（厩内的）横栏3（板球的）三柱门上的横木4〈澳〉（挤乳时）扣住母牛头部的闸架◇~ up〈澳〉1（挤乳时）用闸架扣住（母牛）的头部 2拦路抢劫 3〈口〉（尤指为交谈而）拦住，强行留住（某人） bail4n.1(车棚等)半圆形棚架2（壶、桶等的）半圆形拎环3（打字机上的）压纸杆7blogn.博客，网络日志8botanyn.1植物学2[总称]（某地区的）植物9buzzn.1嗡嗡声，蜂音2嘁嘁喳喳，噪杂声3〈口〉流言谣言4（蜂鸣器等发出的）信号声5〈口〉电话：give sb. a ~ 给某人打电话6骚动7〈美口〉（吸毒或饮酒产生的）陶醉感；兴奋vi.1（蜂等）嗡嗡叫，（机器等）营营响2用蜂鸣器发出信号3忙碌，忙乱；急行：~ about (或around)到处奔忙/ ~ along匆忙走过4嘁嘁喳喳；说闲话；充满低沉嘈杂的声音vt.1使嗡嗡叫，使营营响2用蜂鸣器传呼；〈口〉给…打电话3私下说出（或传播）；嘁嘁喳喳地表示；私下告诉（某人）：~ a rumour 暗中散播谣言 / The committee ~ed its indignation. 委员们异口同声表示愤慨。
考研辅导讲义(1-2周) Microsoft Word 文档
TranslationLecturer: Gu Jimei第一章考研翻译简介一、题型与评分标准二、考题所涉及的内容三、考题的特点四、解题策略一、题型与评分标准•共五小题，每小题2分，共10分。
要求阅读一篇400词左右的文章，将其中五个划线部分（约150词）的句子翻译成准确、完整、通顺的汉语。
•如果译文明显扭曲原意，该句得分最多不超过0.5分。
•如果提供两个或两个以上的译法，若均正确，给分；若其中一个译法有误，按错误译法评分。
•中文错别字不个别扣分，按整篇累计扣分。
在不影响意思的前提下，满3个错别字扣0.5分，无0.25扣分。
Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed (0.5分) in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers (0.5分) rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person (1分). （2007）长久以来，法律知识在这类学校里一直被视为律师所专有的，而不是一个受教育者的知识素养的必要组成部分。
二、考题所涉及的内容•大多涉及当前人们普遍关注的社会生活、政治、经济、历史、文化、哲学、心理和科普方面的题材。
•基本上是议论文体裁。
2008 达尔文2007 法律知识对记者工作的重要性2006 知识分子的定位2005 电视传媒2004 语言与思维的关系2003 社会科学2002 行为科学2001 未来社会的机器人2000 政府的经济调控政策1999 历史研究的方法论1998 天体物理学中的大爆炸理论1997 动物的权利1996 科学发展的差别和动力1995 标准化测试与评估1994 科学家、技术与科学发展的关系1993 科学研究的方法1992 智力评估的科学性1991 能源与农业1990 人的性格和行为分析三、考题的特点•1、句型结构较长，结构复杂，包含多个从句While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past. （1999）几乎每个历史学家对史学都有自己的界定，但现代史学家的实践最趋向于认为历史学是试图重现过去的重大史实并对其做出解释。
2013讲义007
2013武汉海天英语高辅课程讲义（7）Text 1Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. One’s thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy ; one’s own past is a gradually increasing weight.The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigor form its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous. I do not mean that one should be without interest in them, but one’s interest should be contemplative and, if possible, philanthropic, but not unduly emotional.I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. It is in this sphere that long experience is really fruitful, and it is in this sphere that the wisdom born of experience can be exercised without being oppressive. It is not use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education.Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought of that they have cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river—small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who in old age can see his life in this way will not suffer from the fear of death. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.Text 2Aristotle wrote that men come together in cities to live, but stay in them to live the good life. It was the Greeks who invented the idea of the city, and urbanity continues as a thriving tradition. But in the first decade of the 21st century, urban life is changing. “Cities are now junctions in the flows of people, information, finance and freight,” says Nigel Harris, a professor of development planning. “They’re less and less places where people live and wo rk.”The enlargement of the European Union in December in 2002 has given residents of up to 13 new member nations freedom of movement within its borders. At the same time, an additional 13.5 million immigrants a year will be needed in the EU just to keep a stable ratio between workers and pensioners over the next half century. All this mobility will make Europe’s cities nodes of nomadism, linked to each other by high-speed trains and cheap airline flights. The bustle around airports and train stations wi ll make the crowds in Europe’s great piazza look thin by comparison. Urban designers, with a freshly pricked interest in transience rather than stasis, are even now dreaming up cityscapes that focus on flows of people and fungible uses for buildings.Pu blic spaces are due for a revamp. Earlier architects conceived of train stations as single buildings; today’s designers are thinking of them as transit zones that link to the city around them, pouring travelers into bus stations and surrounding shops, In Amsterdam, urban planner Ben van Berkel, co-director of the design firm of UN Studio, has developed what he calls Deep Planning Strategy, which inverts the traditional “top-down” approach: the creation of a space comes before the flow of people through it. With 3-D modeling and animation, he’s able to look at different population groups use public spaces at different times of the day. He uses the data to design spaces that accommodate mobs at rush hour and sparser crowds at other times.The growing mobili ty of Europe has inspired a debate about the look and feel of urban sprawl. “Up until now, all our cultural heritage has been concentrated in the city center,” notes Prof. Heinrich Moding of the German Institute of Urban Affairs. “But we’ve got to imagine how it’s possible to have joyful vibrancy in these outlying parts, so that they’re not just about garages, highways and gasoline tanks.” The designs of new building are also changing to anticipate the emerging city as a way station. Buildings have been seen as disconnecting, isolating, defining. But increasingly, the quality of space that’s in demand is movement.。
海天作文讲义
综上所述，考生一定要洞悉考研英语大纲对写作部分的高分标准涉及以下六个方面：1．内容切题。
审题准、不跑题。
文不对题会严重影响成绩，导致写作失败。
2．表达清楚。
语言要简洁、准确，条理清楚；主题明确。
3．意义连贯。
遣词造句得当，表达连贯平稳。
论点论据展开合理（以因果，对比，分类，定义，列举，概括，详情，时间，空间，过程或综合等方法展开）。
4．句式有变化。
采用适当的句式来表达相应的内容。
常用句式包括简单句；并列句；复合句；主被动句；长句；短句；否定句；双重否定句；疑问句；反问句；倒装句；强调句；插入语；独立主格成分等。
5．用词有变化。
避免重复使用同一词汇，可适当使用代词；同义词；近义词；关联词；使表达富有动感。
同义词的使用是衡量考生语言运用能力的一个尺度。
6．语言规范。
符合英语的表达习惯，语法错误少，写出的英语不是中式英语。
妙笔生花：（一）与英语词语活用相关的写作技巧1、转换成动词汉语中经常出现动词，这是汉语的特征，但是在英语中，谓语动词出现的次数远远少于汉语。
例如：（1）Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.火箭己经用来探索宇宙。
(名词转换为动词)（2）The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint，but l had to be cautious.她能够给我带个信儿这件事就是个暗示，但是我必须小心谨慎。
(形容词转换为动词)（3）Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life.医生们说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。
(形容词转换为动词)注意：英语中表示知觉、情欲、欲望等心理状态的形容词，在系动词后作表语用时，往往可转换成动词。
如：confident, certain, careful, cautious, angry, sure, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, glad, delighted, sorry, ashamed, thankful, anxious等。
海天考研英语写作词汇讲义(王军)
Run out of the Rainy Season of Your Life跑出人生的雨季王军老师2011年考研英语全国高校巡回讲座Life is like this: when you are in rainy days in your life, if you couldn’t find a way to prevent you from being drenched earlier, you would have been overwhelmed by it, but if you decide to get rid of it, you’ll discover that the rainy days last not so long as you imagined.Everything is so simple: to run without an umbrella! When you run out of the rainy season of your life, there will be bright sky ahead of you.生活就是这样：当你处在人生的雨季时，如果你无法尽快找到防止雨淋的方法，就要被雨水淋透，但如果你决定摆脱，你会发现，雨季并不像你原来想的那样长。
一切都是那么简单：没有伞，就跑！跑出人生的雨季，你前面就会是一片晴朗的天空。
☆ 王军老师相关链接☆海天教育集团资深教师，考研英语词汇、写作和完型翻译主讲；北京宫东风英语教学团队核心师资；高等教育出版社、西安交通大学出版社考研配套辅导教材撰稿人；拥有14年考研英语辅导经验。
王军老师因其准确的考点把握、严谨的教学态度、创新的课程设计、不断升级的课程内容倍受全国各地学子推崇，教学足迹遍及北京、上海、天津、西安等城市；他在全国首创的写作词汇课程已成为全国考研英语培训的品牌课程，赢得了全国考研学子的普遍认同；王军老师多次荣获高等院校个人优秀教学成果奖，他指导的学生在全国大学生英语写作大赛和CCTV杯演讲比赛中屡获殊荣；他编写的多本教材已由上海外语教育出版社、高等教育出版社、西安交通大学出版社等权威出版机构出版发行。
海天2009考研英语-宫东风词汇讲义（3月词汇测试）
海天2009考研英语-宫东风词汇讲义（3月词汇测试）2009宫东风老师陪你记单词（2008年3月词汇测试题）——坚持，拉近你和目标的距离！A（51个）1.abstract[反义词]2.access (to)3.accommodate[名词]4.accompany5.accumulate[名词]6.accuracy[形容词]7.achieve[名词]8.acknowledge[名词]9.acquire[名词]10.adapt (to)[名词]11.adequate[反义词]12.adjacent (to)13.adjustment[动词]14.administrative[动词]15.advocate16.affect [名词]17.aggregate [名词]18.aid[同义词]19.albeit [同义词]20.allocate [名词]21.alter[名词]22.alternative23.ambiguous [反义词]24.amend [名词]25.analogy [形容词]26.analytic [动词]27.annual [同义]28.anticipate [名词]29.apparent [副词]30.appendix31.appreciate32.approach33.appropriate [反义词]34.approximately [动词]35.arbitrary36.aspect37.assemble[反义词]38.assess[名词]39.assign[名词]40.assistance [动词]41.assume[名词]42.assure[形容词]43.attachment (to) [动词]44.attain[名词]45.attitude46.attribute (to)47.author48.authority49.automatic [反义词]50.available [名词]51.aware (of) [反义词]B（6个）1.behalf2.benefit (from)3.bias4.bond[同义词]5.brief[反义词]6.bulkC（77个）1.capable[反义词]2.capacity3.category [同义词]4.cease[反义词]5.challenge [形容词]6.channel7.chart8.chemical9.circumstance10.cite11.civil12.clarify13.classical[反义词]14.clause[同义词]15.code[动词]16.coherent[反义词]17.coincide (with)[名词]18.collapse[反义词]19.colleague[同义词]/doc/c616525754.html,mence[反义词]/doc/c616525754.html,mentary [动词]/doc/c616525754.html,mitted[动词]/doc/c616525754.html,modity[同义词]/doc/c616525754.html,patible (with) [反义词]/doc/c616525754.html,pensate (for) [名词]/doc/c616525754.html,pile[同义词]/doc/c616525754.html,plement/doc/c616525754.html,plex[同义词]/doc/c616525754.html,ponent [同义词]/doc/c616525754.html,pound /doc/c616525754.html,prehensive /doc/c616525754.html,prise[同义词]/doc/c616525754.html,pute[同义词]34.conceive[名词]35.concentration[动词]36.concept[同义词]37.conclude[名词]38.concurrent[同义词]39.conduct[反义词]40.confer (to)41.confine (to)42.confirm[名词]43.conflict (with)[形容词]44.conform (to)45.consent (to)[反义词]46.consequence[形容词]47.considerable[同义词]48.consist (of)49.consistent (with)50.constantly[形容词]51.constitute[名词]52.constraint[同义词]53.construct[名词]54.consultation[动词]55.consume[名词]56.contact[反义词]57.contemporary[同义词]58.context59.contradictory[名词]60.contract61.contrary 62.contrast63.contribute (to) [名词]64.controversial [名词]65.conventional [名词]66.conversely [形容词]67.convert[动词]68.convince[形容词]69.cooperate [名词]70.coordinate [名词]71.core[同义词]72.corporate [同义词]73.correspond (to)74.credit75.criteria[同义词]76.crucial[同义词]77.cycleD（36个）1.debate[反义词]2.decade3.decline[反义词]4.deduce[名词]5.definite[反义词]6.demonstrate [名词]7.denote[同义词]8.deny[反义词]9.depress[名词]10.derive (from)11.design[名词]12.despite13.detect[名词]14.deviation [动词]15.device[同义词]16.devote (to) [名词]17.differentiate [反义词]18.dimension19.diminish [反义词]20.discrete21.discriminate [名词]22.displace [名词]23.display [同义词]24.dispose25.distinction [形容词]26.distort [名词]27.distribute [名词]28.diverse [动词]29.document30.domain [同义词]31.domestic32.dominance [动词]33.draft34.drama [形容词]35.duration36.dynamics [同义词]E（35个）1.element[同义词]2.eliminate [名词]3.emerge[名词]4.emphasis [动词]5.empirical6.enable7.encounter8.enforce[同义词]9.enhance[名词]10.enormous [同义词]11.ensure12.environment13.equate (with) [名词]14.equipment [动词]15.equivalent16.erode[动词]17.establish [名词]18.estimate[名词]19.ethics20.ethnic21.evaluation[动词]22.eventually[形容词]23.evidence[形容词]24.evolve[名词] 25.exceed [形容词] 26.exclusion [形容词] 27.exhibition [动词] 28.expansion [动词]29.expert30.explicit[反义词] 31.exploit [名词] 32.export [反义词] 33.expose [名词] 34.external [反义词] 35.extract [名词]F（19个）1.facilitate [同义词] 2.factor [同义词] 3.feature [同义词]4.federal5.file6.financial[名词] 7.finite[反义词] 8.flexibility[形容词] 9.fluctuate[名词] 10.focus (on)[同义词] 11.format 12.formula 13.forthcoming[同义词]14.foundation[同义词]15.framework16.function[形容词]17.fundamental[同义词]18.funding[同义词]19.furthermore[同义词]G（8个）1.gender[同义词]2.generate[同义词]3.generation[动词]4.global[名词]gongdongfeng[同意词]5.grade6.grant [同义词]7.guarantee [同义词]8.guideline H（4个）1.hence2.hierarchy3.highlight [同义词]4.hypothesis [动词]I（53个）1.identical [同义词]2.ideology [形容词]3.ignorance [形容词]4.illustrate [名词]5.image6.immigrate [名词]7.impact [同义词]8.implement [同义词]9.implication [动词]10.implicit[同义词]11.imply[名词]12.impose (on)13.incentive [同义词]14.incidence [同义词]15.inclination [动词]16.incorporate [名词]17.index18.indication [动词]19.induce[名词]20.inevitable [反义词]21.infer[名词]22.infrastructure23.inherent24.inhibiting [反义词]25.initially[形容词]26.initiate[名词]27.injure[名词]28.innovation [动词]29.input[反义词]30.insert[反义词]31.insight [同义词]32.inspect [名词]33.instance [同义词]34.institute35.integral [动词]36.integration [动词]37.integrity [同义词]38.intelligence [形容词]39.intensity [动词]40.interact [名词]41.internal [反义词]42.interpret[名词]43.interval44.intervene45.intrinsic46.investigation[动词]47.investment[动词]48.invoke[同义词]49.involve[名词]50.irrelevant[反义词] 51.isolation[动词]52.issue53.itemJ（2个）1.journal2.justify[名词]L（10个）/doc/c616525754.html,bel[同义词] /doc/c616525754.html,bor [同义词]/doc/c616525754.html,yer4.legislation[形容词] 5.levy[同义词]6.liberal7.license[同义词]8.likewise9.locate[名词] 10.logical[反义词]M（22个）1.maintain[同义词] 2.manipulate[名词]3.margin[形容词] 4.mature[反义词] 5.maximum[反义词]6.mechanism7.media[同义词] 8.mediate[名词]9.medicine[同义词]10.mental[反义词]11.method[同义词]12.migrate[名词]/doc/c616525754.html,itary [反义词]14.minimal[反义词]15.minimize[反义词]16.ministry17.minority[反义词]18.mode[同义词]19.modify[名词]20.monitor21.motivate[名词]22.mutually[形容词]N（9个）1.negative[反义词]/doc/c616525754.html,work3.neutral4.nevertheless[同义词]5.nonetheless[同义词]6.norm[同义词]7.notion[同义词]8.notwithstanding9.nuclearO（14个）1.objective [反义词]2.obtain [同义词]3.obviously [形容词]4.occupation [同义词]5.occur [名词]6.oddness [形容词]7.offset [同义词]8.ongoing [同义词]9.option [动词]10.orient11.outcome [名词]12.output [同义词] 13.overall [同义词] 14.overlap P（43个）1.paradigm2.parallel [同义词]3.parameter4.participant [动词]5.passive[反义词]6.perceive[名词]7.percent8.period[同义词]9.persist[形容词]10.perspective [同义词]11.phase[同义词]12.phenomenon13.philosophy [形容词]14.physical [反义词]15.policy16.portion[同义词]17.pose18.positive [反义词]19.potential [同义词]20.practitioner[动词]21.preceding22.precise[同义词]23.predict[同义词]24.predominate25.preliminary26.presumably [动词]27.previously[形容词]28.primary29.prime30.principal[同义词]31.principle[同义词]32.prior (to)33.prioritize[名词]34.process35.prohibitive[动词]36.promote[名词]37.proportion[同义词] 38.prospect [同义词] 39.protocol [同义词]40.psychologist41.publish[名词]42.purchase43.pursue[名词]Q（2个）1.qualitatively2.quote[名词]R（31个）1.radical[反义词]2.random3.range (from…to…)4.ratio[同义词]5.rational[反义词]6.react (to)[名词]7.recovery[动词]8.refine[名词]9.region[形容词] 10.registration [动词]11.regulate12.reinforce[同义词] 13.rejection [动词]14.release[反义词]15.reluctance[形容词]16.rely (on)[同义词]17.residential[动词]18.resolution[动词]19.resource20.response (to)21.restore22.restrain[同义词]23.restrict[同义词]24.retain[同义词]25.reveal[同义词]26.revenue[同义词]27.reverse[名词]28.revise29.revolution [形容词] 30.rigid [名词]31.route [同义词]S（40个）1.scenario2.scheme [同义词]3.scope [同义词]4.sector [同义词]5.secure [名词]6.seek[同义词]7.selection [形容词]8.sequence [同义词]9.series [同义词] 10.shift[同义词] 11.significant [名词]12.simulate13.site[同义词]14.sole[同义词]15.somewhat16.source17.specify[形容词]18.spherical[名词]19.stability[形容词]20.statistics21.status22.straightforward [反义词]23.strategy[同义词]24.stressful[名词]25.structure26.style27.submit[动词]28.subordinate29.subsequent30.subsidy[同义词]31.substitute32.successive [同义词]33.sufficient [同义词]34.summarize [名词]35.supplement [同义词]36.survey [同义词]37.survive [名词]38.suspend [名词]39.sustain [形容词]40.symbol [动词]T（16个）1.technical [名词]2.temporarily [形容词]3.tense[反义词]4.terminate [名词]5.theme6.theory7.thereby8.trace9.traditional[名词]10.transfer[同义词]11.transform[名词]12.transition13.transmit[名词]14.transport[名词] 15.trend[同义词] 16.trigger [同义词]U（8个）1.ultimate[反义词] 2.undergo [同义词] 3.underlying [同义词] 4.undertake [同义词]5.unified[动词]6.uniformity[形容词]7.unique[反义词]8.utilize[名词]V（12个）1.validity[形容词]2.vary[同义词]3.vehicle[同义词]4.version5.via[同义词]6.violation[动词]7.virtually[同义词]8.visible[反义词]9.vision[同义词]10.visualize11.volume12.volunteerW（4个）1.welfare2.whereas[同义词]3.whereby4.widespread[同义词]下一个目标，2008年4月！Next goal, April, 2008!。
考研英语真题初体验
考研英语阅读YY8622讲义海天教育·王素丽第一章：考试形式和内容该部分（共20小题，40分）要求考生根据所提供的4篇（总长度约为1600词）文章的内容，从每题所给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案。
考生在答题1上作答。
考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料（生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%），还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。
对所读材料，考生应能：1）理解主旨要义；段落主旨；全文主旨2）理解文中的具体信息；（事实细节题；因果细节题；）3）理解文中的概念性含义；4）进行有关的判断、推理和引申；5）根据上下文推测生词（包括熟词生义）的词义；6）理解文章的总体结构及上下文之间的关系；针对主旨题和新题型比较多7）理解作者的意图、观点和态度；8）区分论点和论据。
第二章：解题步骤1. 阅读题干：抓关键词，粗略定位2. 文章定位：明确定位，抓住中心3. 答案选择：找到答案，逐一核对第三章：考研英语阅读真题Text 1The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. Progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak, The U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary cause of the poor U.S. economic performance. Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda, Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts –– a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job.More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English- speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry’s work.What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don’t force it. After all, that’s how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn’t have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.As education improved, humanity’s productivity potential increased as well. W hen the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they could in turn affordmore education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesn’t constrain the abil ity of the developing world’s workforce to substantially improve productivity for the foreseeable future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn’t developing more quickly there than it is.1. The author holds in paragraph 1 that the importance of education in poor countries___________.[A] is subject to groundless doubts[B] has fallen victim of bias[C] is conventional downgraded[D] has been overestimated2. It is stated in Paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system __________.[A] challenges economists and politicians[B] takes efforts of generations[C] demands priority from the government[D] requires sufficient labor force3. A major difference between the Japanese and U.S. workforces is that __________.[A] the Japanese workforce is better disciplined[B] the Japanese workforce is more productive[C] the U.S. workforce has a better education[D] the U.S. workforce is more organized4. The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged __________.[A] when people had enough time[B] prior to better ways of finding food[C] when people no longer went hungry[D] as a result of pressure on government5. According to the last paragraph, development of education __________.[A] results directly from competitive environments[B] does not depend on economic performance[C] follows improved productivity[D] cannot afford political changesA ofB ：B的A；A的B（表量的概念，如a serious of或表时间段等）Text 2Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide hertoken in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.6. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ________.[A] posing a contrast[B] justifying an assumption[C] making a comparison[D] explaining a phenomenon7. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Paragraph l) implies that ________.[A] monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals[B] resenting unfairne ss is also monkeys’ nature[C] monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other[D] no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions8. Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are________.[A] more inclined to weigh what they get[B] attentive to researchers’ instructions[C] nice in both appearance and temperament[D] more generous than their male companions9. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys ________.[A] prefer grapes to cucumbers[B] can be taught to exchange things[C] will not be co-operative if feeling cheated[D] are unhappy when separated from others10. What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A] Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.[B] Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.[C] Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.[D] Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.。
2014考研英语辅导语法基础讲义(海天屠浩明)
考研英语语法基础讲义一、考研语法考什么？二、定语从句1．关系词的产生练习一Model: The boy is my brother. He helped me. The boy that (who) helped me is mybrother.1．I have the watch. The watch was given by my girlfriend. 2． The UFO is 50 years old. The UFO is working in that school.3． He enjoys watching newspapers. Newspapers can tell him a lot of knowledge. 4．The boys wanted to play football. They were disappointed when it rained.5．We are shown pictures about a region. The region was threatened by growing poverty. 练习二1. All those____________ (想去长城的) will get together at the bus—stop at six tomorrowmorning ．2. The building ________________________ (座落于我们学校附近的) is a hospital.3. Tom is really the bravest boy _________________________ (我所认识的)。
4. Have you received the letter ___________________________ (我上星期六写的)?课程内容 一、 考研语法考什么？二、 考研语法巅峰考点——定语从句、名词性从句 三、 考研语法重点考点——状语从句 四、 考研语法特殊考点——倒装结构 五、 长难句四步拆分—— 选自《考研工具书之语法长难句》（屠皓民编）5. Can you help me find the person ________________________（救我女儿命的）6. This is the one hundredth letter_________________________ (我上个月收到的)。
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海天考研英语内部讲义
考研作文必备名言佳句欣赏
海天考研英语内部讲义
You don't marry someone you can live with, you marry the person you cannot live without. Grow old along with me, the best is yet to be. Browing
When you were born, you were crying and everyone around you was smiling. Live your life so that when you die, you're the one who is smiling and everyone around you is crying.
To enjoy yourself and make others enjoy themselves, without harming yourself or any other; that is the whole of ethics.
I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.
The only thing we have to fear is fear itself. (Franklin Roosevet)
There is a great man who makes every man feel small. But the real great man is the man who makes every man feel great.
To profit from good advice requires more wisdom than to give it.
There are two reasons why people fail. One is irresponsibility, the other is fear.
Expect learning to take time. Be patient with yourself and persevere.
In dreams and in love there are no impossibilities.— Janos Arnay
One always speaks badly when one has nothing to say.
Everything that is done naturally remains mysterious.
You can fool all the people some of time; you can fool some people all the time; but you can’t fool all the people all the time.
Wisdom is, and starts with, the humility to accept the fact that you don't have all the right answers, and the courage to learn to ask the right questions.
Never let an opportunity slide that may give you inspiration, for it’s the key to your success.
Good temper is like a sunny day; it sheds its brightness.
Happiness grows at our own firesides, and is not to be picked in strangers’ garden.
He must be very ignorant for he answers every question he is asked. Voltaire伏尔泰
I never resist temptation, because I have found that things that are bad for me do not tempt me. George Benard Shaw
I succeed because I willed it; I never hesitated.拿破仑
If you want people to think well of you, do not speak well of yourself.
It is to books that owe everything that is good in me. Gorky
It’s great to be great, but it’s greater to be human.
Make yourself necessary to someone. Emerson
No man is the whole of himself; his friends are the rest of him.
One is never as unhappy as one thinks, nor as happy as one hopes.
One should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of man.
Our mightiest feelings are always those which remain most unspoken.
Poetry is a speaking picture; painting is a silent poetry. 诗是有声之画，画是无言之诗。
The greatest lesson in life is to know that even fools are right sometimes.
The pursuit of perfection is the pursuit of sweetness and light.
The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that we are loved.
The tragedy of life is not so much what men suffer, but what they miss.
The world is a book, and those who do not travel read only a page.
There are charms made only for distance admiration.
There are 3 classes of men – lovers of wisdom, lovers of honor, lovers of gain. Plato。