【英语】 八年级英语下册语法填空章节知识点总结及练习测试题经典

【英语】八年级英语下册语法填空章节知识点总结及练习测试题经典

一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）

1．词汇运用,根据所给的汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每个空格限填一词。 Mozart was a ________ （作曲家）. He wrote classical music and operas. ________（他的）music is difficult to play and sing. Musicians and singers ________（训练）for a long time before they can play and sing Mozart's music, ________（但是） pop and rock musicians don't train much. Their most popular instrument is the guitar. In America, black musicians often sing ________（悲伤的）songs. They call this music the blues. Another ________（种类）of modern music ________（来自） America is jazz. This music often ________（使用） trumpets and other loud instruments. We use________（钢琴）and violin to play ________（所有的）types of music.

2．阅读下面的短文，请根据所给的中文写出单词的正确形式，每空一词。

Have you ever picked up a pen to write some characters, but you can't ________（记得）what they look like?

You're not alone. CCTV-10 started a show ________（叫做）Chinese Character Dictation Com-petition （《中国汉字听写大会》）last year. On the show, only three out of 10 adults________（正确地）wrote bingjiling （ice cream 冰激凌）, and no one could write out penti （sneeze喷嚏）. According to a survey, 94.1% of people said they had memory lapses （差错） when ________（写） some characters.

It seems that Chinese characters are in danger. Since the digital（数码） age began, fewer and ________（少） people use pens and paper. Most people now write Chinese on keyboards using pinyin. As a________（结果）, many people would forget the features（特征）of a Chinese character, such as its structure and ________（意思）easily.

Chinese characters are one of the world's________（古老的）written languages, dating back （追溯到）to 1100 BC. It's not only a way for us to record things,________（而且）it's important to pass on Chinese culture. For example, the character nan （male男） is made up of two________（部分）, tian （farmland田） and li （strength力）. We can tell from it that in the old times Chinese men were in charge of （负责） working on the farmland.

3．When can we get the party ________ （start）? All of the guests have already arrived.

4．【答案】planning；journey；than；most；Parking；third；cheapest；crowded；takes；hours

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者计划从伦敦前往阿姆斯特丹去旅游。有四种旅行方式。并介绍了这四种旅行方式特点。

（1）考查现在分词。句意：我计划从伦敦前往阿姆斯特丹去旅游。plan"计划"，根据汉语提示和be动词am可知填plan的现在分词planning。

（2）考查名词。句意：乘火车旅行比坐长途公车更放松。根据上文提到从伦敦前往阿姆

斯特丹旅行，是长途旅行，结合汉语提示可知填journey。

（3}考查副词。句意：乘火车旅行比坐长途公车更放松。根据前面的形容词的比较级more relaxing可知填than。

（4）考查最高级。句意：这是最舒适的旅行方式。comfortable是多音节形容词，最高级是the most comfortable;根据句意和冠词the可知填most。

（5）考查动名词。句意：在阿姆斯特丹停车非常昂贵。动词名词作主语，结合汉语提示可知填parking。

（6）考查数词。句意：第三个选择是坐长途公车。根据语境及冠词the可知用序数词；结合括号提示词three，可知填third。

（7）考查形容词最高级。句意：这通常是最便宜的。根据句意及冠词the可知用最高级；结合括号里提示词cheap，可知填cheapest。

（8）考查形容词。句意：但是在夏天，长途公车有时会拥挤。结合汉语提示可知填crowded。

（9）考查时态。句意：到达那里花费你大约12小时。It takes sb. st./sm. to do sth.固定句型，”花费某人的时间或金钱做某事“。结合语境和汉语提示可知填takes。

（10）考查名词。句意：这是最快的，但是因为天气不好，在机场你可能需要等待几个小时。故填hours。

【点评】本题考点涉及动名词，名词。现在分词，副词，数词，形容词以及时态等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，根据所给单词和汉语提示，结合相应语法知识，写出正确的单词形式。

5．【答案】 since；costs；a；are；advantages；as；for；have known；more；to carry 【解析】【分析】短文大意：人们对太空探索观念不一，有人说太空探索浪费时间，但有人说太空探索有优点，太空探索已经为人类带来了很多好处。

（1）句意：自从人类第一次登陆月球，已经过了40年。结合句子提到has been，可知用了完成时态，空缺填入since，故答案为since。

（2）句意：花费数亿资金发展太空研究是对的，但是人们仅仅得到了一点信息。根据主语为it，可知谓语用单三，填入costs，故答案为costs。

（3）句意：花费数亿资金发展太空研究是对的，但是人们仅仅得到了一点信息。根据短语a little，一点点，可知空缺填入冠词a，故答案为a。

（4）句意：仍然有很多人相信太空探索有更多的优点。根据空缺后面是a lot of people，结合there be句型就近一致原则，可知谓语用复数，填入are，故答案为are。

（5）句意：仍然有很多人相信太空探索有更多的优点。根据空缺前面有more修饰，可知名词用复数，填入advantages，故答案为advantages。

（6）句意：许多新产品，比如天气和交通卫星，也是太空节目的产品。根据后文提到weather和communication satellites，可知此处表示举例，填入as，短语such as，例如，故答案为as。

（7）句意：并且它们为全世界人口服务。根据短语be good for，对……好，可知空缺填入介词for。

（8）句意：更多的是，人们已经知道了外太空的一些科学知识。根据此处表示完成时态，填入have known，故答案为have known。

（9）句意：我们相信在未来，会带来更多的优点，我们现在无法想象。根据空缺的意义为更多的，填入many的比较级为more，故答案为more。

（10）句意：那就是为什么好几个国家尝试一直执行太空探索。根据短语try to do sth，尝试做某事，可知空缺填入to carry，短语carry out，实行，故答案为to carry。

【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系句子前后，确定空缺单词的意义，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。

6．【答案】 children；a；hard；But；began；broken；crying；him；with；understood 【解析】【分析】短文大意：皮特女士有2个孩子，这两个孩子平时关系很好，但有一次两个孩子吵架，一个孩子用玩具马打了另外一个孩子，结果玩具摔碎了。

（1）句意：她有2个小孩—Sammy和Annic。child，孩子，根据句子提到2个孩子，可知填入child的复数，为children。

（2）句意：Sammy是一个男孩。结合空缺修饰boy，且boy用了单数，可知空缺填入a，表示一个，故答案为a。

（3）句意：Sammy去了他家附近的学校并且很努力学习。hard，努力，根据空缺单词修饰studies，可知填入副词形式hard，故答案为hard。

（4）句意：但是有时候一些不开心的事情会发生。根据上下文表示转折，一方面说两人关系很好，一方面说两人关系不好，填入But。

（5）句意；突然Annie开始哭泣并且跑向在厨房的妈妈。根据文章用了过去式，可知填入begin的过去式began，短语begin to do sth，开始做某事，故答案为began。

（6）句意：Sammy已经摔烂了我的玩具马。break，打碎，根据此处用了完成时态，结构为have done，可知填入break的过去分词broken，故答案为broken。

（7）句意：Annie停止哭泣，但是没有说话。cry，哭泣，根据短语stop doing sth，停止做某事，可知空缺填入 crying，故答案为 crying。

（8）句意：我用它打了他的头。he，他，根据he做了hit的宾语，可知填入代词宾格形式him，故答案为him。

（9）句意：我用它打了他的头。根据此处用它打，表示伴随，填入with，故答案为with。

（10）句意：皮特女士明白了全部事情。understand，理解，根据文章用了过去式，填入动词的过去式understood，故答案为understood。

【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系上下文，给出空缺单词，同时结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。

7．【答案】 for；On；asked；to paint；Later；makes；them；thinking；faces；called 【解析】【分析】短文大意：一个艺术家想绘制出世界上最美丽的东西，后来他遇见了3个人，最后发现，世界上最美丽的东西是家。

（1）句意：他开始启程去寻找世界上最美丽的东西。根据后文提到 In any church, you will

find it 'Faith' is the most beautiful thing in the world.可知空缺的意义为寻找，填入介词for。（2）句意：在路上，他遇到了一个神父，他问他去那里。根据句子提到he met an aged priest，可知空缺的意义为在路上，on the way，故答案为On。

（3）句意：在路上，他遇到了一个神父，他问他去那里。ask，询问，根据句子用了过去式，可知ask用过去式为asked，故答案为asked。

（4）句意：我想绘画出世界上最美丽的东西。paint，绘画，短语want to do sth，想要做某事，填入to paint，故答案为to paint。

（5）句意：后来，一个年轻妈妈告诉他最美丽的东西是爱。late，后来，根据句子提到a young mother told him，可知应该是后来告诉他，填入later，故答案为Later。

（6）句意：爱使得世界运转。make，使得，根据主语为love，为不可数名词，谓语用单三，填入makes，故答案为makes。

（7）句意：我如何才能绘画出它们所有部分呢——信仰，爱和和平。they，它们，根据they做了介词of的宾语，可知空缺应该用宾格形式，填入them，故答案为them。

（8）句意：他很惊讶，没有思考他去那里，他回到了熟悉的地方。think，思考，根据介词without后面加动词ing形式，可知空缺填入thinking，故答案为thinking。

（9）句意：在他的妻子和孩子的脸上，他看见了爱和信仰。face，脸，根据句子提到his wife and children，可知face应该用复数，填入faces，故答案为faces。

（10）句意；这个艺术家绘制了世界上最美丽的东西并且把它称为家。call，称，根据句子用了过去式，可知应该用call的过去式i为called，故答案为called。

【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系上下文，给出空缺单词，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。

8．【答案】 started

【解析】【分析】句意：我们什么时候开始聚会？所有的客人都到了。固定结构get sth. done表示让某事被做，故填started。

【点评】考查固定结构。注意动词非谓语形式的正确运用。

二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）

9．阅读理解

More than anything else in the world, Lion liked being King of the jungle. He walked all around, showing off his power and pride.

Each day Lion took a long, lazy sleep under the shade of his favourite tree. He always dreamed of weaker animals bowing（鞠躬） before him.

One day Mouse ran through the jungle and tripped（绊倒） over Lion's huge paws. Lion woke up with a start. "How dare you wake me up!" he shouted angrily. Lion grabbed Mouse with one paw. "On second thought, I'm in the mood for a snack, and you'll make a delicious meal," he said.

Mouse cried out, "King Lion, please spare（饶恕）me! If you let me live, I will always remember your kindness. And, some day, I might be able to help you."

"How could such a powerless little mouse ever help me?" That thought made Lion laugh so much that he decided to let Mouse go. A week later, Lion was walking through the jungle on the way to his favourite tree when he stepped onto a hunter's net. The net scooped him up. No matter how he twisted and turned, he couldn't escape.

When Mouse heard Lion's frightened shouts, he raced to help. Mouse quickly chewed（咬）through the ropes to make a hole in the net. Soon, Lion moved out and was free. Lion looked down at the little mouse. "Thank you for saving my life," said Lion, smiling his widest smile. "I was mistaken. You are not a powerless little mouse. You are a great friend!"

（1）What did Lion do each day?

A. He stepped onto a hunter's net.

B. He bowed before weaker animals.

C. He showed kindness to animals in the jungle.

D. He had a good sleep under his favourite tree.

（2）How did Mouse wake up Lion?

A. He made a hole in the net.

B. He shouted at Lion angrily.

C. He tripped over Lion's paws.

D. He prepared a delicious meal for Lion.

（3）Why did Lion let Mouse go?

A. Because he was trapped in the net.

B. Because he took Mouse as his good friend.

C. Because he believed Mouse could save him.

D. Because he doubted if Mouse could be of any help.

（4）What do you think of Mouse?

A. Clever and honest.

B. Silly and lazy.

C. Humorous and stubborn.

D. Proud and selfish.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了老鼠和狮子的故事，告诉人们狮子放过老鼠后，老鼠如何帮助狮子。

（1）细节题。根据第二段提到的 Each day Lion took a long, lazy sleep under the shade of his

favourite tree. 可知他每天在树下休息，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据第三段提到的One day Mouse ran through the jungle and tripped over Lion's huge paws.可知，老鼠被狮子的爪子绊倒了，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据倒数第二段提到的How could such a powerless little mouse ever help me? ，狮子在质疑老鼠会帮助自己，故选D。

（4）推断题。根据全文提到的老鼠帮助狮子逃离陷阱，可知老鼠很诚实且很聪明，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解

Every morning my father buys a newspaper on his way to work. Every evening my mother looks through magazines at home. And every night, I look at the posters with photos of David Beckham and Yao Ming on my bedroom wall before I go to sleep. Can we imagine life without paper or print?

Paper was first created about 2,000 years ago, and has been made from silk, cotton, bamboo, and, since the 19th century, from wood. People learned to write words on paper to make a book. But in those days, books could only be produced one at a time by hand. As a result, they were expensive and rare. And because there weren't many books, few people learned to read.

Then printing was invented in China. When printing was developed greatly at the beginning of the 11th century, books could be produced more quickly and cheaply. As a result, more people learned to read. After that, knowledge and ideas spread quickly.

Today information can be received online, downloaded from the Internet rather than found in books, and information can be kept on CD-ROMs or machines such as MP3 players.

Computers are already used in classrooms, and newspapers and magazines can already be read online. So will books be replaced by computers one day? No, I don't think the Yao Ming posters on my bedroom wall will ever be replaced by a two-metre-high computer!

（1）What does the writer do before he goes to sleep?

A. He reads books.

B. He reads newspapers.

C. He looks through magazines.

D. He looks at the posters on the wall.

（2）When was paper first created?

A. About 2,000 years ago.

B. In the 19th century.

C. About 1,000 years ago.

D. In the 11th century.

（3）Why were books expensive and rare before the invention of printing?

A. People could not read.

B. People could not write words on paper.

C. People could not find silk, cotton or bamboo.

D. People could only produce books one at a time by hand.

（4）What happened after books became cheaper?

A. People didn't want to buy books.

B. Printing was invented in China.

C. Knowledge and ideas spread quickly.

D. The Internet was introduced to people soon.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】讲述了纸的起源，一开始的现状，讲述了纸和印刷术的发展过程。（1）细节题。根据第一段提到的 I look at the posters with photos of David Beckham and Yao Ming on my bedroom wall before I go to sleep. 可知，作者睡觉前需要看墙上的海报，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据第二段提到的 Paper was first created about 2,000 years ago ，可知纸在2000年前发明，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据第二段提到的 But in those days, books could only be produced one at a time by hand. 可知，一开始书必须手把手生产，因而书籍很贵，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据第三段提到的 After that, knowledge and ideas spread quickly. 可知书变便宜了后，知识和思想很快的被传播，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

Reading for pleasure is the easiest way to become a better reader in English. Some students say they don't want to read for pleasure. They want to spend their time in doing some exercises on listening, grammar and new words. They say that pleasure reading is too easy and it is not helpful. Many experts（专家）say pleasure reading is very important for learning English. Dr Stephen Krashen, a famous expert on learning language, says that pleasure reading helps students learn many important things about English. Students can learn more grammar and words. They can also use excellent sentences when they do some writing. Dr Krashen says pleasure reading helps each student in a different way, because each student has his own learning skills or levels. Pleasure reading makes it possible for each student to learn what he or she needs. Reading for pleasure is not the same as studying. When you read for pleasure, you can choose your favourite books, and don't have to remember everything. You don't have any pressure because there are no tests about it.

In general, reading for pleasure can help：

make students read faster in English；

find examples of good writing in English；

learn new words and grammar；

know about the English native speakers' reading habits.

（1）Why don't some students like reading for pleasure?

A. Because they think it takes them a lot of time.

B. Because they don't know what to read.

C. Because they think it is easy and unhelpful.

D. Because they think it is difficult and boring.

（2）What does Dr Stephen Krashen do?

A. A doctor.

B. A language expert.

C. A teacher.

D. A writer.（3）Which is NOT true about reading for pleasure?

A. It helps students in the same way.

B. Students can learn more grammar.

C. It is helpful for students' English writing.

D. It is important for English study.

（4）What does the underlined word "pressure" mean?

A. 精神

B. 信仰

C. 潜力

D. 压力（5）How many advantages does reading for pleasure have according to the passage?

A. Three.

B. Four.

C. Five.

D. Six.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

（5）B

【解析】【分析】快乐阅读的重要性及其优势。

（1）细节题，根据 They say that pleasure reading is too easy and it is not helpful.可知他们认为快乐阅读太容易且没什么用，因此有些学生不喜欢快乐阅读，故选C。

（2）细节题，根据 Dr Stephen Krashen, a famous expert on learning language,可知他是一位语言专家。故选B。

（3）细节题，根据Dr Krashen says pleasure reading helps each student in a different way, because each student has his own learning skills or levels.可知快乐阅读帮助学生的方式是各种各样的，因此A选项表述错误，故选A。

（4）词句猜测题，根据 You don't have any pressure because there are no tests about it.可知快乐阅读不需要考试，因此阅读过程中应该没有什么压力，因此可推出pressure意思为“压力”，故选D。

（5）细节题，根据① make students read faster in English；②find examples of good writing in English；③learn new words and grammar；④know about the English native speakers' reading habits.可知共有四点优势，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和词句猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题，细节题注意要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推断出词句的意思。

12．阅读理解

Haiqu Park

Haiqu Park is a fantastic（极好的）place for school trips. There are different kinds of animals, such as tigers, lions, monkeys and elephants. There are dolphin shows every Saturday morning. What makes the park unusual is that you can get close to many kinds of animals and feed them. Ticket price：￥20 for children under 18；

￥50 for adults

Theme：nature and science

Opening time：from 9：00 a. m.to 4：00 p.m. all the year round but Christmas

For more information, please call 0633-86581196.

You can also log in our website（网站）http：//https://www.360docs.net/doc/338598698.html,.

（1）If 3 teachers and 40 middle school students visit Haiqu Park，they should pay___. A. ￥650 B. ￥850 C. ￥950 D. ￥1050（2）You can't visit Haiqu Park________.

A. at 10：00 a.m. on Monday

B. at 11：00 a.m. on Christmas Day

C. at 2：00 p.m. on Sunday

D. at 1：30 p.m. on May Day

（3）Which of the following is TRUE?

A. In Haiqu Park, visitors can't feed any animals.

B. Visitors can watch dolphin shows every Sunday morning.

C. The theme of Haiqu Park is nature and science.

D. Haiqu Park is open for six hours every day.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍海区公园的一些信息，包括各种动物及门票价格和主题等。（1）细节题，根据Ticket price：￥20 for children under 18;￥50 for adults可知他们共要花费950元。故选C。

（2）细节题，根据Opening time：from 9：00 a. m.to 4：00 p.m. all the year round but Christmas可知圣诞节那天11点海区公园不营业，故选B。

（3）细节题，根据Theme：nature and science 可知海区公园的主题是自然与科学，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题是阅读理解题常考题型之一，细节题需要从文中寻找答案。

13．阅读理解

I volunteered at the vet's （兽医诊所）last summer vacation. Minnie was the most interesting dog that I saw there. Long hair covered her body. And her tail looked like a mouse's tail.

She was brought to the vet's because her owner didn't want her any more. Minnie was well-behaved（行为端正）. "No one should judge（评判）her by her appearance," I thought. So the people of the vet's looked after her. Finally, I advertised Minnie in the local newspaper.

"Funny-looking dog, well-behaved, needs a loving family." When a young man called, I told him that Minnie looked a little strange. The boy on the phone told me that his grandfather's old dog had just died. They wanted to bring Minnie to him. I gave Minnie a good bath. At last, an old car drove up in front of the vet's. Two kids brought Minnie to their grandfather who was waiting in the car. Then the grandfather held Minnie in his arms and touched her soft hair. Minnie kissed his face. She waved her tail so quickly. "She's great!" the old man said.

I was glad that Minnie found a good family. That's when I saw that the grandfather was blind.（1）What did the writer think of Minnie?

A. She was the most interesting.

B. She was a little lazy.

C. She was very difficult to control.

D. She looked very ugly.

（2）Why did Minnie go to the vet's?

A. Because she got lost in the park.

B. Because the people of the vet's bought her.

C. Because her owner didn't want her any more.

D. Because Minnie liked living in the vet's.

（3）Who adopted（收养） Minnie at last?

A. An old man.

B. The writer.

C. Someone in the vet's.

D. Her first owner.（4）Which is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Minnie was very beautiful.

B. Minnie got lost in the end.

C. In fact, nobody liked Minnie.

D. Minnie finally found a good family.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文讲述了作者去年夏天在一家兽医诊所作者愿者的故事。（1）细节理解题，根据 Minnie was the most interesting dog that I saw there. 可知作者认为她最有趣。故答案是A。

（2）细节理解题，根据 She was brought to the vet's because her owner didn't want her any more. 可知，Minnnie之所以来到兽医诊所，是因为她的主人不要她了。故答案是C。（3）细节理解题，根据At last, an old car drove up in front of the vet's. Two kids brought Minnie to their grandfather who was waiting in the car. Then the grandfather held Minnie in his arms and touched her soft hair 可知是一位老年男士领养了这只狗。故答案是A。

（4）判断正误题，根据 I was glad that Minnie found a good family 可知，最后Minnie最后找到了一个好的家庭，因此D是正确的，故答案是D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题主要涉及到了细节理解和判断正误，细节理解可以直接从文中找到答案或者依据，而判断正误也属于细节理解题的一种，也可直接在文中找到依据。

14．阅读理解

Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history. Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sports, and simply because they were in the

way. Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the Earth forever. Hundreds of animals are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger. Why should people care? Because we need animals, and because once they are gone, there will never be any more. Animals are more than just beautiful or interesting. They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems. For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks, the farmers' stores of corn and grain were destroyed by rats and mice. Why? Because hawks eat rats and mice, with no hawks to keep down their numbers, the rats and mice multiplied quickly.

Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger. Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.（1）How did people waste natural resources?

A. People saved the trees.

B. People killed animals for their fur, feathers, food and so on.

C. People protected all kinds of little animals.

D. People got used to looking after animals.

（2）How many kinds of animals are considered in danger in America?

A. About 170.

B. About 1,700.

C. About 70.

D. About 77.（3）Which of the following is TRUE about animals?

A. Animals are only a source of food.

B. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature.

C. Protecting one kind of animals can create many problems.

D. Thousands of animals are on the danger list today.

（4）What's the meaning of the underlined word "forbid"?

A. Observe.

B. Obey.

C. Prohibit.

D. Punish.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了人类对动物的猎杀以及人类的反思和保护动物的行动。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sports, and simply because they were in the way.可知，人类为了获得动物的皮毛、把动物当做食物、做运动等等原因杀死动物，以此浪费自然资源。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段 About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger. 可知，大约有170种动物濒危。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据第一段 Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. 可知，每个动物在大自然的平衡当中都扮演着角色。故选B。

（4）词义猜测题。根据最后一句 Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.慢

慢地，一些濒危动物的数量正在增加，可知人们通过法律来禁止捕杀动物，因此forbit的意思为“禁止”，同义词为prohibit。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和词义猜测题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题需要阅读上下文，了解句意之后找出单词的意思。

15．阅读理解

Most children like to watch cartoons on TV because of the funny characters and the bright colours. But is it good for children to watch cartoons on TV?

Some people think it leaves nothing for children to imagine when they are watching cartoons on TV. They can see the different characters so they need not imagine the appearance of a character or any situation in the cartoon. But when reading a book, he has to imagine what the different characters look like. He has to imagine a place or a situation described in the story he is reading, so the imaginative power of the child improves.

Very little children may not be able to read books. But they will be happy to watch TV, especially watch cartoons. Watching cartoons will improve their language ability. As most of the cartoons are in English, watching them will improve their English. They will learn to understand the conversations between others. Their vocabulary will get improved. They will learn how to pronounce different words. Their spoken English will also get greatly improved. These are the advantages of watching cartoons.

But there should be a limit to everything. Parents should control their children's time on TV. However, you cannot keep children from watching TV completely. It will only do more harm than good.

（1）Why do most children like to watch cartoons on TV according to the passage?

A. Because of the funny language and the interesting ads.

B. Because of the meaningful stories and the funny language.

C. Because of the interesting ads and the funny characters.

D. Because of the funny characters and the bright colours.

（2）What's the opinion of the people who are against children's watching cartoons on TV?

A. They think watching cartoons on TV is not good for children's imagination.

B. They think watching cartoons on TV is not good for children's eyes.

C. They think the cartoons on TV are not interesting at all.

D. They think some cartoons on TV are not healthy.

（3）what does the third paragraph mainly talk about?

A. How young children learn English.

B. The advantages of watching cartoons.

C. Watching cartoons is the best way to learn English.

D. Children are happy when they are watching cartoons.

（4）What does the underlined word "It" in the last paragraph refer to?

A. Watching cartoons on TV.

B. A limit to everything.

C. Parents' control over their children's time on TV.

D. Keeping children from watching TV completely.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了孩子喜欢看卡通电视，介绍了一些人反对看卡通电视的观点，同时介绍了看卡通电视的好处。

（1）细节题。根据第一段提到的 Most children like to watch cartoons on TV because of the funny characters and the bright colours. 可知，孩子喜欢看卡通电视的原因是因为有趣的性格和明亮的颜色，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据第二段提到的 Some people think it leaves nothing for children to imagine when they are watching cartoons on TV.可知，反对的人认为卡通电视对孩子没有好处，故选A。

（3）主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了看卡通电视的好处，故选B。

（4）推断题。根据第四段提到的However, you cannot keep children from watching TV completely. 可知，it指代的就是这句话，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

16．阅读理解

A new camera made by a company named Netatmo has facial recognition software （人脸识别系统） that can tell parents at work that their children have returned from school, or that a package （包裹） has been taken to their home. It can also tell them if a stranger has entered their home.

Janina Mattausch is a product marketing manager for Netatmo.

"The common security （安全） cameras at present are not that smart. So, they can tell you if something is moving but they don't necessarily know if it's a human being or, ah, if it's your kid- they don't know the difference, so they will warn （警告） you all the time."

When family members enter a home, the new camera "recognizes" （识别） them and sends information to the owner's smartphone. The owner can choose to see the video then or later. But if an unknown person enters a home, the camera will send the owner a warning that will cause an alarm to sound on the owner's smartphone.

That is what happened recently to a smart home camera owner named Damien. He lives in Paris.

"On a Friday I was at work, attending a big monthly meeting when my phone warned. At first I

told myself 'Oh, it must be a mistake, maybe I have to set the system again.' —but the notice on my phone was telling me that there was a movement in my flat and also a face that the software did not recognize."

He watched the video and was very surprised by what he saw.

"I saw a person I did not know with his shoes on. I was watching it live on video. So I felt totally unbelievable, frozen. I asked a workmate to take me back home as fast as possible and I called the police on the way."

With the help of the video, the police found the intruder （闯入者） later that day.

（1）The new camera made by Netatmo can .

A. stop the visitors

B. recognize the comers

C. warn the strangers

D. welcome the children

（2）The fourth paragraph mainly tells us .

A. when the new camera is used

B. how the new camera works

C. what the new camera looks like

D. where the new camera is placed

（3）From the passage, what can we know about Damien?

A. Damien found the warning was a mistake.

B. Damien was too busy to notice the warning

C. Damien caught the intruder by himself that day.

D. Damien felt shocked to see a stranger in his flat.

（4）How does the writer prove （证明） the new camera works well?

A. By giving a report.

B. By doing a research.

C. By giving an example.

D. By doing an experiment （实验）.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍一种新型摄像机，有面部识别系统，能够识别来着，如果进入者不是家庭成员，还会发出警示。

（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一句的内容 A new camera made by a company named Netatmo has facialrecognition software（识别系统）...可知这种新型摄像机能识别来者。故选B。

（2）段落大意题。第四段告诉我们当家庭成员进入屋子,新型摄像机识别他们,并把信息发到主人的手机, 如果不认识的来者进入屋子，新型摄像机会发警示给主人的手机。可知此段说明了这种新型摄像机是怎么工作的。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章内容I saw a person I did not know with his shoes on. I was watching it live onvideo. So I felt totally unbelievable, frozen. 可看出当Damien看见一位陌生人在他家屋里时,感到很惊讶。故选D。

（4）推理判断题。作者通过给出了Damien的列子,证明了这种新型摄像机的优点。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。