完整的遗传算法函数Matlab程序
完整的遗传算法函数Matlab程序
完整的遗传算法函数Matlab程序遗传算法是一种模拟自然进化过程的算法，通过遗传代数操作来搜索最优解。
它是一种优化算法，可以用于解决复杂问题，例如函数优化、组合优化、机器学习等。
在Matlab 中，遗传算法可以通过使用内置函数进行实现，也可以编写自己的遗传算法函数。
以下是一个完整的遗传算法函数Matlab程序的示例：function [x_best, f_best] = GA(fit_func, nvars)% fit_func: 适应度函数句柄% nvars: 变量个数% 遗传算法参数设置pop_size = 100; % 种群大小prob_crossover = 0.8; % 交叉概率prob_mutation = 0.02; % 变异概率max_gen = 1000; % 最大迭代次数% 初始化种群pop = rand(pop_size, nvars);for i = 1:max_gen% 计算适应度for j = 1:pop_sizefitness(j) = feval(fit_func, pop(j,:));end% 找到最优个体[f_best, best_idx] = max(fitness);x_best = pop(best_idx,:);% 交叉操作for j = 1:2:pop_sizeif rand < prob_crossover% 随机选择父代idx_parent1 = randi(pop_size);idx_parent2 = randi(pop_size);parent1 = pop(idx_parent1,:);parent2 = pop(idx_parent2,:);% 交叉idx_crossover = randi(nvars-1);child1 = [parent1(1:idx_crossover) parent2(idx_crossover+1:end)];child2 = [parent2(1:idx_crossover) parent1(idx_crossover+1:end)];% 更新种群pop(j,:) = child1;pop(j+1,:) = child2;endend% 变异操作for j = 1:pop_sizeif rand < prob_mutation% 随机选择变异个体idx_mutation = randi(nvars);pop(j,idx_mutation) = rand;endendendend在上述程序中，遗传算法的参数通过设定变量的值进行设置，包括种群大小、交叉概率、变异概率和最大迭代次数等。
遗传算法Matlab程序
% f(x)=11*sin(6x)+7*cos(5x),0<=x<=2*pi;%%初始化参数L=16;%编码为16位二进制数N=32;%初始种群规模M=48;%M个中间体，运用算子选择出M/2对母体，进行交叉；对M个中间体进行变异T=100;%进化代数Pc=0.8;%交叉概率Pm=0.03;%%变异概率%%将十进制编码成16位的二进制，再将16位的二进制转成格雷码for i=1:1:Nx1(1,i)= rand()*2*pi;x2(1,i)= uint16(x1(1,i)/(2*pi)*65535);grayCode(i,:)=num2gray(x2(1,i),L);end%% 开始遗传算子操作for t=1:1:Ty1=11*sin(6*x1)+7*cos(5*x1);for i=1:1:M/2[a,b]=min(y1);%找到y1中的最小值a，及其对应的编号bgrayCodeNew(i,:)=grayCode(b,:);%将找到的最小数放到grayCodeNew中grayCodeNew(i+M/2,:)=grayCode(b,:);%与上面相同就可以有M/2对格雷码可以作为母体y1(1,b)=inf;%用来排除已找到的最小值endfor i=1:1:M/2p=unidrnd(L);%生成一个大于零小于L的数，用于下面进行交叉的位置if rand()<Pc % Pc是交叉概率%将选定的染色体的点后的基因进行交换for j=p:1:Ltemp= grayCodeNew(i,j);grayCodeNew(i,j)=grayCodeNew(M-i+1,j);grayCodeNew(M-i+1,j)=temp;endendend%%将全部染色体按概率进行变异for i=1:1:Mfor j=1:1:Lif rand()<Pm %Pm为染色体变异的概率grayCodeNew(i,j)=dec2bin(1-bin2dec(grayCodeNew(i,j)));endendend%%第一代结束后生成的较优的染色体，得以保存然后进行下一代操作for i=1:1:Mx4(1,i)=gray2num(grayCodeNew(i,:));endx3=double(x4)*2*pi/65535;y3=11*sin(6*x3)+7*cos(5*x3);for i=1:1:N[a,b]=min(y3);x1(1,i)=x3(1,b);grayCode(i,:)=grayCodeNew(b,:);y3(1,b)=inf;endendx1y1=11*sin(6*x1)+7*cos(5*x1)。
matlab遗传算法 算例
下面是一个使用MATLAB实现的基本遗传算法算例。
本例用于解决简单的优化问题：寻找函数f(x) = x^2在[-10,10]范围内的最小值。
```matlab定义问题参数PopSize = 100; 种群数量Genes = -10:0.1:10; 基因范围FitnessFunc = @(x) -x.^2; 适应度函数(这里为了方便，使用了-x^2，即求最大值，实际应用中应改为-f(x))MaxGen = 50; 最大迭代次数初始化种群Pop = zeros(PopSize, length(Genes));for i = 1:PopSizePop(i,:) = rand(1,length(Genes))*2*Genes - Genes; 随机产生初始种群end开始迭代for gen = 1:MaxGen计算当前种群适应度Fitness = FitnessFunc(Pop);[BestFit, Index] = max(Fitness); 找到最佳适应度BestFitPos = Pop(Index,:); 找到最佳适应度对应的基因选择（轮盘赌选择）NewPop = zeros(PopSize, length(Genes));SumFitness = sum(Fitness);RandomFitness = rand(PopSize,1)*SumFitness; 随机生成每个个体的"随机适应度"for i = 1:PopSize[~, Index] = min(RandomFitness); 用随机适应度进行选择（越小被选中概率越大）NewPop(i,:) = Pop(Index,:); 将选择出的个体放入新种群RandomFitness(Index) = SumFitness; 将已选择的个体的随机适应度设为最大值，避免重复选择end交叉（杂交）for i = 1:PopSize/2随机选择两个父代个体Parent1 = NewPop(randi([1 PopSize]),:);Parent2 = NewPop(randi([1 PopSize]),:);生成新个体Child1 = (Parent1 + Parent2)/2; 中间值交叉Child2 = Parent1 + (Parent2 - Parent1)*rand; 一点交叉将新个体加入新种群NewPop((i-1)*2+1,:) = Child1;NewPop((i-1)*2+2,:) = Child2;end变异for i = 1:PopSizeif rand < 0.01 变异概率为0.01随机选择一个基因进行变异（取反）GeneIdx = randi(length(Genes));NewPop(i,GeneIdx) = ~NewPop(i,GeneIdx);endend更新种群Pop = NewPop;end输出结果BestFit = FitnessFunc(BestFitPos);fprintf('Best fitness: f\n', BestFit);fprintf('Best position: s\n', num2str(BestFitPos));```这个例子比较简单，只用了基本的遗传算法操作：选择、交叉和变异。
用遗传算法求函数的最大值MATLAB程序
N2=initialize(); N3=initialize(); N4=initialize(); total=1; Num=0; MaN1=0; MaN2=0; flag=0; continue; else break; end end temp1=cal(N1,n1); temp2=cal(N2,n2); temp3=cal(N3,n3); temp4=cal(N4,n4); M=[temp1;temp2;temp3;temp4]; N1=M(1,:); N2=M(2,:); N3=M(3,:); N4=M(4,:); %交叉-crossover while 1 p=floor(1000*rand); if p>1 break; else continue; end end k=mod(p,3); switch k case 0 [N1,N2,N3,N4,ps]=crossover(N1,N2,N3,N4); case 1 [N1,N3,N2,N4,ps]=crossover(N1,N3,N2,N4); case 2 [N1,N4,N2,N3,ps]=crossover(N1,N4,N2,N3); end %变异-mutation U=[N1,N2,N3,N4]; pos=mod(floor(1000*rand),20)+1; if U(1 U(1,pos)=0; end N1=U(1,1:5); N2=U(1,6:10); N3=U(1,11:15); N4=U(1,16:20); %遗传算法结束条件：连续 10 代最大值均保持一致 if Num==10 disp('进化代数：') total-10 disp('现在的种群：') N1 N2 N3 N4 disp('最大值：') MaN1 break; end flag=mod(flag+1,2); total=total+1; end MATLAB 仿真结果：
2020年遗传算法matlab程序实例精编版
%-----------------------------------------------%---------------------------------------------------遗传算法程序（一）:说明: fga.m 为遗传算法的主程序; 采用二进制Gray编码,采用基于轮盘赌法的非线性排名选择, 均匀交叉,变异操作,而且还引入了倒位操作!function [BestPop,Trace]=fga(FUN,LB,UB,eranum,popsize,pCross,pMutation,pInversion,options) % [BestPop,Trace]=fmaxga(FUN,LB,UB,eranum,popsize,pcross,pmutation)% Finds a maximum of a function of several variables.% fmaxga solves problems of the form:% max F(X) subject to: LB <= X <= UB% BestPop - 最优的群体即为最优的染色体群% Trace - 最佳染色体所对应的目标函数值% FUN - 目标函数% LB - 自变量下限% UB - 自变量上限% eranum - 种群的代数,取100--1000(默认200)% popsize - 每一代种群的规模；此可取50--200(默认100)% pcross - 交叉概率,一般取0.5--0.85之间较好(默认0.8)% pmutation - 初始变异概率,一般取0.05-0.2之间较好(默认0.1)% pInversion - 倒位概率,一般取0.05－0.3之间较好(默认0.2)% options - 1*2矩阵,options(1)=0二进制编码(默认0),option(1)~=0十进制编%码,option(2)设定求解精度(默认1e-4)%% ------------------------------------------------------------------------T1=clock;if nargin<3, error('FMAXGA requires at least three input arguments'); endif nargin==3, eranum=200;popsize=100;pCross=0.8;pMutation=0.1;pInversion=0.15;options=[0 1e-4];endif nargin==4, popsize=100;pCross=0.8;pMutation=0.1;pInversion=0.15;options=[0 1e-4];endif nargin==5, pCross=0.8;pMutation=0.1;pInversion=0.15;options=[0 1e-4];endif nargin==6, pMutation=0.1;pInversion=0.15;options=[0 1e-4];endif nargin==7, pInversion=0.15;options=[0 1e-4];endif find((LB-UB)>0)error('数据输入错误,请重新输入(LB<UB):');ends=sprintf('程序运行需要约%.4f 秒钟时间,请稍等......',(eranum*popsize/1000));disp(s);global m n NewPop children1 children2 VarNumbounds=[LB;UB]';bits=[];VarNum=size(bounds,1);precision=options(2);%由求解精度确定二进制编码长度bits=ceil(log2((bounds(:,2)-bounds(:,1))' ./ precision));%由设定精度划分区间[Pop]=InitPopGray(popsize,bits);%初始化种群[m,n]=size(Pop);NewPop=zeros(m,n);children1=zeros(1,n);children2=zeros(1,n);pm0=pMutation;BestPop=zeros(eranum,n);%分配初始解空间BestPop,TraceTrace=zeros(eranum,length(bits)+1);i=1;while i<=eranumfor j=1:mvalue(j)=feval(FUN(1,:),(b2f(Pop(j,:),bounds,bits)));%计算适应度end[MaxValue,Index]=max(value);BestPop(i,:)=Pop(Index,:);Trace(i,1)=MaxValue;Trace(i,(2:length(bits)+1))=b2f(BestPop(i,:),bounds,bits);[selectpop]=NonlinearRankSelect(FUN,Pop,bounds,bits);%非线性排名选择[CrossOverPop]=CrossOver(selectpop,pCross,round(unidrnd(eranum-i)/eranum));%采用多点交叉和均匀交叉，且逐步增大均匀交叉的概率%round(unidrnd(eranum-i)/eranum)[MutationPop]=Mutation(CrossOverPop,pMutation,VarNum);%变异[InversionPop]=Inversion(MutationPop,pInversion);%倒位Pop=InversionPop;%更新pMutation=pm0+(i^4)*(pCross/3-pm0)/(eranum^4);%随着种群向前进化，逐步增大变异率至1/2交叉率p(i)=pMutation;i=i+1;endt=1:eranum;plot(t,Trace(:,1)');title('函数优化的遗传算法');xlabel('进化世代数(eranum)');ylabel('每一代最优适应度(maxfitness)');[MaxFval,I]=max(Trace(:,1));X=Trace(I,(2:length(bits)+1));hold on; plot(I,MaxFval,'*');text(I+5,MaxFval,['FMAX=' num2str(MaxFval)]);str1=sprintf ('进化到%d 代,自变量为%s 时,得本次求解的最优值%f\n对应染色体是：%s',I,num2str(X),MaxFval,num2str(BestPop(I,:)));disp(str1);%figure(2);plot(t,p);%绘制变异值增大过程T2=clock;elapsed_time=T2-T1;if elapsed_time(6)<0elapsed_time(6)=elapsed_time(6)+60; elapsed_time(5)=elapsed_time(5)-1;endif elapsed_time(5)<0elapsed_time(5)=elapsed_time(5)+60;elapsed_time(4)=elapsed_time(4)-1;end %像这种程序当然不考虑运行上小时啦str2=sprintf('程序运行耗时%d 小时%d 分钟%.4f 秒',elapsed_time(4),elapsed_time(5),elapsed_time(6));disp(str2);%初始化种群%采用二进制Gray编码,其目的是为了克服二进制编码的Hamming悬崖缺点function [initpop]=InitPopGray(popsize,bits)len=sum(bits);initpop=zeros(popsize,len);%The whole zero encoding individualfor i=2:popsize-1pop=round(rand(1,len));pop=mod(([0 pop]+[pop 0]),2);%i=1时,b(1)=a(1);i>1时,b(i)=mod(a(i-1)+a(i),2)%其中原二进制串:a(1)a(2)...a(n),Gray串:b(1)b(2)...b(n)initpop(i,:)=pop(1:end-1);endinitpop(popsize,:)=ones(1,len);%The whole one encoding individual%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%解码function [fval] = b2f(bval,bounds,bits)% fval - 表征各变量的十进制数% bval - 表征各变量的二进制编码串% bounds - 各变量的取值范围% bits - 各变量的二进制编码长度scale=(bounds(:,2)-bounds(:,1))'./(2.^bits-1); %The range of the variablesnumV=size(bounds,1);cs=[0 cumsum(bits)];for i=1:numVa=bval((cs(i)+1):cs(i+1));fval(i)=sum(2.^(size(a,2)-1:-1:0).*a)*scale(i)+bounds(i,1);end%选择操作%采用基于轮盘赌法的非线性排名选择%各个体成员按适应值从大到小分配选择概率：%P(i)=(q/1-(1-q)^n)*(1-q)^i, 其中P(0)>P(1)>...>P(n), sum(P(i))=1function [selectpop]=NonlinearRankSelect(FUN,pop,bounds,bits)global m nselectpop=zeros(m,n);fit=zeros(m,1);for i=1:mfit(i)=feval(FUN(1,:),(b2f(pop(i,:),bounds,bits)));%以函数值为适应值做排名依据endselectprob=fit/sum(fit);%计算各个体相对适应度(0,1)q=max(selectprob);%选择最优的概率x=zeros(m,2);x(:,1)=[m:-1:1]';[y x(:,2)]=sort(selectprob);r=q/(1-(1-q)^m);%标准分布基值newfit(x(:,2))=r*(1-q).^(x(:,1)-1);%生成选择概率newfit=cumsum(newfit);%计算各选择概率之和rNums=sort(rand(m,1));fitIn=1;newIn=1;while newIn<=mif rNums(newIn)<newfit(fitIn)selectpop(newIn,:)=pop(fitIn,:);newIn=newIn+1;elsefitIn=fitIn+1;endend%交叉操作function [NewPop]=CrossOver(OldPop,pCross,opts)%OldPop为父代种群，pcross为交叉概率global m n NewPopr=rand(1,m);y1=find(r<pCross);y2=find(r>=pCross);len=length(y1);if len>2&mod(len,2)==1%如果用来进行交叉的染色体的条数为奇数，将其调整为偶数y2(length(y2)+1)=y1(len);y1(len)=[];endif length(y1)>=2for i=0:2:length(y1)-2if opts==0[NewPop(y1(i+1),:),NewPop(y1(i+2),:)]=EqualCrossOver(OldPop(y1(i+1),:),OldPop(y1(i+2),:));else[NewPop(y1(i+1),:),NewPop(y1(i+2),:)]=MultiPointCross(OldPop(y1(i+1),:),OldPop(y1(i+2),:));endendendNewPop(y2,:)=OldPop(y2,:);%采用均匀交叉function [children1,children2]=EqualCrossOver(parent1,parent2)global n children1 children2hidecode=round(rand(1,n));%随机生成掩码crossposition=find(hidecode==1);holdposition=find(hidecode==0);children1(crossposition)=parent1(crossposition);%掩码为1，父1为子1提供基因children1(holdposition)=parent2(holdposition);%掩码为0，父2为子1提供基因children2(crossposition)=parent2(crossposition);%掩码为1，父2为子2提供基因children2(holdposition)=parent1(holdposition);%掩码为0，父1为子2提供基因%采用多点交叉，交叉点数由变量数决定function [Children1,Children2]=MultiPointCross(Parent1,Parent2)global n Children1 Children2 VarNumChildren1=Parent1;Children2=Parent2;Points=sort(unidrnd(n,1,2*VarNum));for i=1:VarNumChildren1(Points(2*i-1):Points(2*i))=Parent2(Points(2*i-1):Points(2*i));Children2(Points(2*i-1):Points(2*i))=Parent1(Points(2*i-1):Points(2*i));end%变异操作function [NewPop]=Mutation(OldPop,pMutation,VarNum)global m n NewPopr=rand(1,m);position=find(r<=pMutation);len=length(position);if len>=1for i=1:lenk=unidrnd(n,1,VarNum); %设置变异点数，一般设置1点for j=1:length(k)if OldPop(position(i),k(j))==1OldPop(position(i),k(j))=0;elseOldPop(position(i),k(j))=1;endendendendNewPop=OldPop;%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%倒位操作function [NewPop]=Inversion(OldPop,pInversion)global m n NewPopNewPop=OldPop;r=rand(1,m);PopIn=find(r<=pInversion);len=length(PopIn);if len>=1for i=1:lend=sort(unidrnd(n,1,2));if d(1)~=1&d(2)~=nNewPop(PopIn(i),1:d(1)-1)=OldPop(PopIn(i),1:d(1)-1);NewPop(PopIn(i),d(1):d(2))=OldPop(PopIn(i),d(2):-1:d(1));NewPop(PopIn(i),d(2)+1:n)=OldPop(PopIn(i),d(2)+1:n);endendend遗传算法程序（二）:function youhuafunD=code;N=50; % Tunablemaxgen=50; % Tunablecrossrate=0.5; %Tunablemuterate=0.08; %Tunablegeneration=1;num = length(D);fatherrand=randint(num,N,3);score = zeros(maxgen,N);while generation<=maxgenind=randperm(N-2)+2; % 随机配对交叉A=fatherrand(:,ind(1:(N-2)/2));B=fatherrand(:,ind((N-2)/2+1:end));% 多点交叉rnd=rand(num,(N-2)/2);ind=rnd tmp=A(ind);A(ind)=B(ind);B(ind)=tmp;% % 两点交叉% for kk=1:(N-2)/2% rndtmp=randint(1,1,num)+1;% tmp=A(1:rndtmp,kk);% A(1:rndtmp,kk)=B(1:rndtmp,kk);% B(1:rndtmp,kk)=tmp;% endfatherrand=[fatherrand(:,1:2),A,B];% 变异rnd=rand(num,N);ind=rnd [m,n]=size(ind);tmp=randint(m,n,2)+1;tmp(:,1:2)=0;fatherrand=tmp+fatherrand;fatherrand=mod(fatherrand,3);% fatherrand(ind)=tmp;%评价、选择scoreN=scorefun(fatherrand,D);% 求得N个个体的评价函数score(generation,:)=scoreN;[scoreSort,scoreind]=sort(scoreN);sumscore=cumsum(scoreSort);sumscore=sumscore./sumscore(end);childind(1:2)=scoreind(end-1:end);for k=3:Ntmprnd=rand;tmpind=tmprnd difind=[0,diff(tmpind)];if ~any(difind)difind(1)=1;endchildind(k)=scoreind(logical(difind));endfatherrand=fatherrand(:,childind);generation=generation+1;end% scoremaxV=max(score,[],2);minV=11*300-maxV;plot(minV,'*');title('各代的目标函数值');F4=D(:,4);FF4=F4-fatherrand(:,1);FF4=max(FF4,1);D(:,5)=FF4;save DData Dfunction D=codeload youhua.mat% properties F2 and F3F1=A(:,1);F2=A(:,2);F3=A(:,3);if (max(F2)>1450)||(min(F2)<=900)error('DATA property F2 exceed it''s range (900,1450]')end% get group property F1 of data, according to F2 valueF4=zeros(size(F1));for ite=11:-1:1index=find(F2<=900+ite*50);F4(index)=ite;endD=[F1,F2,F3,F4];function ScoreN=scorefun(fatherrand,D)F3=D(:,3);F4=D(:,4);N=size(fatherrand,2);FF4=F4*ones(1,N);FF4rnd=FF4-fatherrand;FF4rnd=max(FF4rnd,1);ScoreN=ones(1,N)*300*11;% 这里有待优化for k=1:NFF4k=FF4rnd(:,k);for ite=1:11F0index=find(FF4k==ite);if ~isempty(F0index)tmpMat=F3(F0index);tmpSco=sum(tmpMat);ScoreBin(ite)=mod(tmpSco,300);endendScorek(k)=sum(ScoreBin);endScoreN=ScoreN-Scorek;%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%遗传算法程序（三）：%IAGAfunction best=gaclearMAX_gen=200; %最大迭代步数best.max_f=0; %当前最大的适应度STOP_f=14.5; %停止循环的适应度RANGE=[0 255]; %初始取值范围[0 255]SPEEDUP_INTER=5; %进入加速迭代的间隔advance_k=0; %优化的次数popus=init; %初始化for gen=1:MAX_genfitness=fit(popus,RANGE); %求适应度f=fitness.f;picked=choose(popus,fitness); %选择popus=intercross(popus,picked); %杂交popus=aberrance(popus,picked); %变异if max(f)>best.max_fadvance_k=advance_k+1;x_better(advance_k)=fitness.x;best.max_f=max(f);best.popus=popus;best.x=fitness.x;endif mod(advance_k,SPEEDUP_INTER)==0RANGE=minmax(x_better);RANGEadvance=0;endendreturn;function popus=init%初始化M=50;%种群个体数目N=30;%编码长度popus=round(rand(M,N));return;function fitness=fit(popus,RANGE)%求适应度[M,N]=size(popus);fitness=zeros(M,1);%适应度f=zeros(M,1);%函数值A=RANGE(1);B=RANGE(2);%初始取值范围[0 255]for m=1:Mx=0;for n=1:Nx=x+popus(m,n)*(2^(n-1));endx=x*((B-A)/(2^N))+A;for k=1:5f(m,1)=f(m,1)-(k*sin((k+1)*x+k));endendf_std=(f-min(f))./(max(f)-min(f));%函数值标准化fitness.f=f;fitness.f_std=f_std;fitness.x=x;return;function picked=choose(popus,fitness)%选择f=fitness.f;f_std=fitness.f_std;[M,N]=size(popus);choose_N=3; %选择choose_N对双亲picked=zeros(choose_N,2); %记录选择好的双亲p=zeros(M,1); %选择概率d_order=zeros(M,1);%把父代个体按适应度从大到小排序f_t=sort(f,'descend');%将适应度按降序排列for k=1:Mx=find(f==f_t(k));%降序排列的个体序号d_order(k)=x(1);endfor m=1:Mpopus_t(m,:)=popus(d_order(m),:);endpopus=popus_t;f=f_t;p=f_std./sum(f_std); %选择概率c_p=cumsum(p)'; %累积概率for cn=1:choose_Npicked(cn,1)=roulette(c_p); %轮盘赌picked(cn,2)=roulette(c_p); %轮盘赌popus=intercross(popus,picked(cn,:));%杂交endpopus=aberrance(popus,picked);%变异return;function popus=intercross(popus,picked) %杂交[M_p,N_p]=size(picked);[M,N]=size(popus);for cn=1:M_pp(1)=ceil(rand*N);%生成杂交位置p(2)=ceil(rand*N);p=sort(p);t=popus(picked(cn,1),p(1):p(2));popus(picked(cn,1),p(1):p(2))=popus(picked(cn,2),p(1):p(2));popus(picked(cn,2),p(1):p(2))=t;endreturn;function popus=aberrance(popus,picked) %变异P_a=0.05;%变异概率[M,N]=size(popus);[M_p,N_p]=size(picked);U=rand(1,2);for kp=1:M_pif U(2)>=P_a %如果大于变异概率，就不变异continue;endif U(1)>=0.5a=picked(kp,1);elsea=picked(kp,2);endp(1)=ceil(rand*N);%生成变异位置p(2)=ceil(rand*N);if popus(a,p(1))==1%0 1变换popus(a,p(1))=0;elsepopus(a,p(1))=1;endif popus(a,p(2))==1popus(a,p(2))=0;elsepopus(a,p(2))=1;endendreturn;function picked=roulette(c_p) %轮盘赌[M,N]=size(c_p);M=max([M N]);U=rand;if U<c_p(1)picked=1;return;endfor m=1:(M-1)if U>c_p(m) & U<c_p(m+1)picked=m+1;break;endend全方位的两点杂交、两点变异的改进的加速遗传算法（IAGA）%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%。
遗传算法用matlab求函数极大值
遗传算法用matlab求函数极大值一、题目：寻找f(x)=x2,,当x在0~31区间的最大值。
二、源程序：%遗传算法求解函数最大值%本程序用到了英国谢菲尔德大学(Sheffield)开发的工具箱GATBX，该工具箱比matlab自带的GATOOL使用更加灵活，但在编写程序方面稍微复杂一些Close all;Clear all;figure(1);fplot('variable*variable',[0,31]); %画出函数曲线%以下定义遗传算法参数GTSM=40; %定义个体数目ZDYCDS=20; %定义最大遗传代数EJZWS=5; %定义变量的二进制位数DG=0.9; %定义代沟trace=zeros(2, ZDYCDS); %最优结果的初始值FieldD=[5;-1;2;1;0;1;1]; %定义区域描述器的各个参数%以下为遗传算法基本操作部分，包括创建初始种群、复制、交叉和变异Chrom=crtbp(GTSM, EJZWS); %创建初始种群，即生成给定规模的二进制种群和结构gen=0; %定义代数计数器初始值variable=bs2rv(Chrom, FieldD); %对生成的初始种群进行十进制转换ObjV=variable*variable; %计算目标函数值f(x)=x2 while gen<ZDYCDS %进行循环控制，当当前代数小于定义的最大遗传代数时，继续循环，直至代数等于最大遗传代数FitnV=ranking(-ObjV); %分配适应度值SelCh=select('sus', Chrom, FitnV, DG); %选择，即对个体按照他们的适配值进行复制SelCh=recombin('xovsp', SelCh, 0.7); %交叉，即首先将复制产生的匹配池中的成员随机两两匹配，再进行交叉繁殖SelCh=mut(SelCh); %变异，以一个很小的概率随机地改变一个个体串位的值variable=bs2rv(SelCh, FieldD); %子代个体的十进制转换ObjVSel=variable*variable; %计算子代的目标函数值[Chrom ObjV]=reins(Chrom, SelCh, 1, 1, ObjV, ObjVSel);%再插入子代的新种群，其中Chrom为包含当前种群个体的矩阵，SelCh为包好当前种群后代的矩阵variable=bs2rv(Chrom, FieldD); %十进制转换gen=gen+1; %代数计数器增加%输出最优解及其序号，并在目标函数图像中标出，Y为最优解, I为种群的%序号[Y, I]=max(ObjV);hold on; %求出其最大目标函数值plot(variable(I), Y, 'bo');trace(1, gen)=max(ObjV); %遗传算法性能跟踪trace(2, gen)=sum(ObjV)/length(ObjV);end%以下为结果显示部分，通过上面计算出的数值进行绘图variable=bs2rv(Chrom, FieldD); %最优个体进行十进制转换hold on, grid;plot(variable,ObjV,'b*'); %将结果画出三、运行结果：由图可见该函数为单调递增函数，即当X=31时，该取得最大值f(x)max =961。
遗传算法MATLAB完整代码（不用工具箱）
遗传算法MATLAB完整代码（不用工具箱）遗传算法解决简单问题%主程序：用遗传算法求解y=200*exp(-0.05*x).*sin(x)在区间[-2,2]上的最大值clc;clear all;close all;global BitLengthglobal boundsbeginglobal boundsendbounds=[-2,2];precision=0.0001;boundsbegin=bounds(:,1);boundsend=bounds(:,2);%计算如果满足求解精度至少需要多长的染色体BitLength=ceil(log2((boundsend-boundsbegin)'./precision));popsize=50; %初始种群大小Generationmax=12; %最大代数pcrossover=0.90; %交配概率pmutation=0.09; %变异概率%产生初始种群population=round(rand(popsize,BitLength));%计算适应度，返回适应度Fitvalue和累计概率cumsump[Fitvalue,cumsump]=fitnessfun(population);Generation=1;while Generation<generationmax+1< p="">for j=1:2:popsize%选择操作seln=selection(population,cumsump);%交叉操作scro=crossover(population,seln,pcrossover);scnew(j,:)=scro(1,:);scnew(j+1,:)=scro(2,:);%变异操作smnew(j,:)=mutation(scnew(j,:),pmutation);smnew(j+1,:)=mutation(scnew(j+1,:),pmutation);endpopulation=scnew; %产生了新的种群%计算新种群的适应度[Fitvalue,cumsump]=fitnessfun(population);%记录当前代最好的适应度和平均适应度[fmax,nmax]=max(Fitvalue);fmean=mean(Fitvalue);ymax(Generation)=fmax;ymean(Generation)=fmean;%记录当前代的最佳染色体个体x=transform2to10(population(nmax,:));%自变量取值范围是[-2,2],需要把经过遗传运算的最佳染色体整合到[-2,2]区间xx=boundsbegin+x*(boundsend-boundsbegin)/(power((boundsend),BitLength)-1);xmax(Generation)=xx;Generation=Generation+1;endGeneration=Generation-1;Bestpopulation=xx;Besttargetfunvalue=targetfun(xx);%绘制经过遗传运算后的适应度曲线。
遗传算法matlab函数的源程序
end
end
end
%确定下一代父代个体
%确定实际子代个体数值
chi_fact=zeros(x_num,chi_num*3);
for j=1:x_num
chi_fact(j,:)=x_range(j,1)+(x_range(j,2)-x_range(j,1))*chi(j,:);
par=chi(:,chi_ada_no(1:par_num));
end ');
par_fac_exc(:,1)=x_range(:,1)+(x_range(:,2)-x_range(:,1)).*par(:,1);%父代个体最优函数值
par_fun_exc=fun(par_fac_exc);
%输出父代样本实际值
par_fact=zeros(x_num,par_num);
for i=1:x_num
par_fact(i,:)=x_range(i,1)+(x_range(i,2)-x_range(i,1))*par(i,:);
if chi_ran(3)<0.5
chi(j,i)=chi_ran(1)*par(j,chi_sel1)+(1-chi_ran(1))*par(j,chi_sel2);
else
chi(j,i)=chi_ran(2)*par(j,chi_sel1)+(1-chi_ran(2))*par(j,chi_sel2);
%例子2：
%fun=@(x) sum(x.*x-cos(18*x))+5;
%x_range=[-1,1;-1,1;-1,1;-1,1;-1,1];
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
完整的遗传算法函数Matlab程序function [x,endPop,bPop,traceInfo] = ga(bounds,eevalFN,eevalOps,startPop,opts,... termFN,termOps,selectFN,selectOps,xOverFNs,xOverOps,mutFNs,mutOps)n=nargin;if n<2 | n==6 | n==10 | n==12disp('Insufficient arguements')endif n<3 %Default eevalation opts.eevalOps=[];endif n<5opts = [1e-6 1 0];endif isempty(opts)opts = [1e-6 1 0];endif any(eevalFN<48) %Not using a .m fileif opts(2)==1 %Float gae1str=['x=c1; c1(xZomeLength)=', eevalFN ';'];e2str=['x=c2; c2(xZomeLength)=', eevalFN ';'];else %Binary gae1str=['x=b2f(endPop(j,:),bounds,bits); endPop(j,xZomeLength)=',...eevalFN ';'];endelse %Are using a .m fileif opts(2)==1 %Float gae1str=['[c1 c1(xZomeLength)]=' eevalFN '(c1,[gen eevalOps]);'];e2str=['[c2 c2(xZomeLength)]=' eevalFN '(c2,[gen eevalOps]);'];else %Binary gae1str=['x=b2f(endPop(j,:),bounds,bits);[x v]=' eevalFN ...'(x,[gen eevalOps]); endPop(j,:)=[f2b(x,bounds,bits) v];'];endendif n<6 %Default termination informationtermOps=[100];termFN='maxGenTerm';endif n<12 %Default muatation informationif opts(2)==1 %Float GAmutFNs=['boundaryMutation multiNonUnifMutation nonUnifMutation unifMutation']; mutOps=[4 0 0;6 termOps(1) 3;4 termOps(1) 3;4 0 0];else %Binary GAmutFNs=['binaryMutation'];mutOps=[0.05];endendif n<10 %默认的交叉信息if opts(2)==1 %浮点编码xOverFNs=['arithXover heuristicXover simpleXover'];xOverOps=[2 0;2 3;2 0];else %Binary GAxOverFNs=['simpleXover'];xOverOps=[0.6];endendif n<9 %Default select opts only i.e. roullete wheel.selectOps=[];endif n<8 %Default select infoselectFN=['normGeomSelect'];selectOps=[0.08];endif n<6 %默认的算法终止准则termOps=[100];termFN='maxGenTerm';endif n<4 %初始种群为空startPop=[];endif isempty(startPop) %随机生成初始种群startPop=initializega(80,bounds,eevalFN,eevalOps,opts(1:2));endif opts(2)==0 %二进制编码bits=calcbits(bounds,opts(1));endxOverFNs=parse(xOverFNs);mutFNs=parse(mutFNs);xZomeLength = size(startPop,2); %Length of the xzome=numVars+fittness numVar = xZomeLength-1; %变量数目popSize = size(startPop,1); %种群中个体数目endPop = zeros(popSize,xZomeLength); %次种群矩阵c1 = zeros(1,xZomeLength); %个体c2 = zeros(1,xZomeLength); %个体numXOvers = size(xOverFNs,1); %交叉操作次数numMuts = size(mutFNs,1); %变异操作次数epsilon = opts(1); %适应度门限值oeval = max(startPop(:,xZomeLength)); %初始种群中的最优值bFoundIn = 1;done = 0;gen = 1;collectTrace = (nargout>3);floatGA = opts(2)==1;display = opts(3);while(~done)[beval,bindx] = max(startPop(:,xZomeLength)); %当前种群的最优值best = startPop(bindx,:);if collectTracetraceInfo(gen,1)=gen; %当前代traceInfo(gen,2)=startPop(bindx,xZomeLength); %最优适应度traceInfo(gen,3)=mean(startPop(:,xZomeLength)); %平均适应度traceInfo(gen,4)=std(startPop(:,xZomeLength));endif ( (abs(beval - oeval)>epsilon) | (gen==1))if displayfprintf(1,'\n%d %f\n',gen,beval);endif floatGAbPop(bFoundIn,:)=[gen startPop(bindx,:)];elsebPop(bFoundIn,:)=[gen b2f(startPop(bindx,1:numVar),bounds,bits)... startPop(bindx,xZomeLength)];endbFoundIn=bFoundIn+1;oeval=beval;elseif displayfprintf(1,'%d ',gen);endendendPop = feeval(selectFN,startPop,[gen selectOps]); %选择操作if floatGAfor i=1:numXOvers,for j=1:xOverOps(i,1),a = round(rand*(popSize-1)+1); %一个父代个体b = round(rand*(popSize-1)+1); %另一个父代个体xN=deblank(xOverFNs(i,:)); %交叉函数[c1 c2] = feeval(xN,endPop(a,:),endPop(b,:),bounds,[gen… xOverOps(i,:)]);if c1(1:numVar)==endPop(a,(1:numVar))c1(xZomeLength)=endPop(a,xZomeLength);elseif c1(1:numVar)==endPop(b,(1:numVar))c1(xZomeLength)=endPop(b,xZomeLength);elseeeval(e1str);endif c2(1:numVar)==endPop(a,(1:numVar))c2(xZomeLength)=endPop(a,xZomeLength);elseif c2(1:numVar)==endPop(b,(1:numVar))c2(xZomeLength)=endPop(b,xZomeLength);elseeeval(e2str);endendPop(a,:)=c1;endPop(b,:)=c2;endendfor i=1:numMuts,for j=1:mutOps(i,1),a = round(rand*(popSize-1)+1);c1 = feeval(deblank(mutFNs(i,:)),endPop(a,:),bounds,[gen mutOps(i,:)]);if c1(1:numVar)==endPop(a,(1:numVar))c1(xZomeLength)=endPop(a,xZomeLength);elseeeval(e1str);endendPop(a,:)=c1;endendelse %遗传操作的统计模型for i=1:numXOvers,xN=deblank(xOverFNs(i,:));cp=find(rand(popSize,1)if rem(size(cp,1),2) cp=cp(1:(size(cp,1)-1)); endcp=reshape(cp,size(cp,1)/2,2);for j=1:size(cp,1)a=cp(j,1); b=cp(j,2);[endPop(a,:) endPop(b,:)] = feeval(xN,endPop(a,:),endPop(b,:), bounds,[gen xOverOps(i,:)]); endendfor i=1:numMutsmN=deblank(mutFNs(i,:));for j=1:popSizeendPop(j,:) = feeval(mN,endPop(j,:),bounds,[gen mutOps(i,:)]);eeval(e1str);endendend。