英美文学史-5-6
《英美文学简史及名篇选读》课后练习参考答案
《英美文学简史及名篇选读》课后练习参考答案《英美文学简史及名篇选读》单元练参考答案Exercises of Chapter II. XXX.1. Angles；Saxons; Jutes2.Beowulf3.French；Latin; Old EnglishII. Find the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.1.D2.C3.B4.E5. AIII. Choose the best answer for each statement.1.B2.D3.B4.BExercises of Chapter III. XXX.1.Utopia2.Francis Bacon3.Hamlet;Othello;King Lear;Macbeth4.classical;human activities;XXXII. Find the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.Part I :1.D2.E3. B4. C5.APart II:6.L7.K8. I9.G10.F.11.H12. JIII. Choose the best answer for each statement.1.B2.D3.B4.B5.C6.CExercises of Chapter III1I. XXX.1. Charles I ; Parliament2. XXX ; XXX3. King Charles II；Restoration4.XXX XXX ; XXXII. Find the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.Part I :1.C2.D3.B4. APart II :1.H2.E3.F4.GIII. Choose the best answer for each statement.1.D2.C3.D4.B5.CExercises of Chapter IVI. XXX.1.Sentimentalism2.XXX XXX3.XXX FieldingII. Choose the best answer for each statement.1.、XXX.DIII. Find the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.1.B2.C3.A4,E5.DExercises of Chapter VI. XXX.1798;Walter XXX’s XXX23.Walter XXXII. Find the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.1.B2.C3.E4.F5.G6.A7.DIII. Choose the best answer for each statement.1.D2.C3.C4.D5.BExercises of Chapter VII.XXX.1.1837；1901；remarkable；expansion；XXX contradiction between the rich and the poor; the conflicts between capitaland labour; the widespread unemployment; severe depression3.The Life of Charlotte Bronte4.Lewis Carroll；Oxford;Alice’XXX; Through theLooking-GrassII. Find the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.1.F2.A3.B4.C5.H6.E7.J8.K9.G10.L11.D12.IIII. Choose the best answer for each statement.1.D2.C3.B4.D5.B6.CExercises of Chapter VIII. XXX.1. XXX 19252. Stream of consciousness3. science fiction; XXX fiction4. Modernism5. XXX Joyce; Virginia Woolf;XXX FaulknerII. Find the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.1.B2.C3.G4.E5.F6.H7.D8.A3III. Choose the best answer for each statement.1.B2.A3.D4.D5.AExercises of Chapter VIIII. XXX.1. Booker Prize (The XXX); Full-length; English: UK2.Animal Farm；XXX Eighty-Four3. Elias Canetti; Doris Lessing; XXX; Harold PinterII. Find the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.1.B2.G3.C4.F5.H6.J7.A8.I9.E10.DIII. Choose the best answer for each statement.1.B2.D3.C4.D5.AExercises of Chapter IXI. XXX.1. XXX2. New England XXX3. believers ; divinity; intuition; reason4. Washington Irving; XXX;Nature;XXX’sWaldenII. Find the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.1.E2.B3.H4.F5.C6.G7.A8.DIII. Choose the best answer for each statement.1.B2.B3.D4.D5.C6.AExercises of Chapter XI. XXX.41. naturalism; realism2. International XXX3. industrialization ; XXX4. wit ; satire5. feministII. Find the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.1.C2.A3.B4.H5.F6.D7.E8.GIII. Choose the best answer for each statement.1.A2.B3.B4.D5.BExercises of Chapter XII. XXX.1. Lost Generation2.XXX O’XXXII. Find the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.Part I :1.B2.E3.D4.A5.C。
英美文学史简介
英美文学史简介Part A British LiteratureⅠEarly and Medieval English Literature 早期及中世纪英国文学1. “Beowulf”, the national epic of the English people.《贝奥武夫》（Beowulf），完成于八世纪，约750年左右的英雄叙事长诗，长达3000多行。
是以古英语记载的传说中最古老的一篇。
是现存古英文文学中最伟大之作，也是欧洲最早的方言史诗。
2. Geoffrey Chaucer ,the founder of English poetry.乔叟(1343-1400),英国诗歌之父.The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》, 以一伙来自社会各个阶层的香客在宗教朝圣的路上讲述故事为线索，向我们清楚地展示了那个时代人们的生活。
在所有的23个故事中，除了两篇之外，其余都是诗歌体裁的作品。
ⅡThe Renaissance [ri′neis(ə)ns] 文艺复兴时期文学1.William Shakespeare 莎士比亚（1564～1616）英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家、诗人，欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者。
莎士比亚给世人留下了37部戏剧play，其中包括一些他与别人合写的一般剧作。
此外，他还写有154首十四行诗sonnet和三、四首长诗poem。
四大喜剧： A Midsummer Night’s Dream 仲夏夜之梦The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人As You Like It 皆大欢喜Twelfth Night 第十二夜四大悲剧:Hamlet 哈姆雷特(To be, or not to be, that is the question)Othello 奥赛罗King Lear 李尔王Macbeth 麦克白其他：Romeo and Juliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶2.Francis Bacon 培根（1561-1626 ）The founder of English materialist philosophy and modern science.Bacon is especially famous for his Essays.培根,英国唯物主义和现代科学奠基人,散文家.代表作：散文Of Studies 《论学习》ⅢThe period of English Bourgeois [buə′ʒwɑ:] Revolution and Restoration 资产阶级革命时期文学1.John Milton 米尔顿Paradise Lost 《失乐园》2. John Bunyan 班扬The Pilgrim’s Progress 《天路历程》ⅣEighteenth Century English Literature 十八世纪英国文学1. Daniel Defoe: 笛福Robinson Crusoe 《鲁滨逊漂流记》2. Jonathan Swift：斯威夫特Gulliver’s Travels 《格列佛游记》3. Henry Fielding 菲尔丁the Founder of the English Realistic Nov 英国现实主义小说奠基人Joseph Andrew 《约瑟夫·安德鲁》4. William Blake 布莱克and Robert Burns彭斯: PoetⅤRomanticism in England 浪漫主义时期文学1. William Wordsworth 华滋华斯the representative poet of the early romanticism. 标志着浪漫主义的开始2. George Gordon Byron 拜伦Don Juan 《唐·璜》3. Percy Bysshe Shelley 雪莱Prometheus Unbound《解放了的普罗米修斯》If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了,春天还会远吗?4. John Keats 济慈Ode to a Nightingale 《夜莺颂》5. Jane Austen 简·奥斯汀Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》ⅥThe Victorian Age 维多利亚时期文学1. Charles Dickens 狄更斯代表作：Oliver Twist 《雾都孤儿》、A Tale of Two Cities《双城记》、David Copperfield 《大卫·科波菲尔》2. William Makepeace Thackeray 萨克雷代表作：Vanity Fair 《名利场》3. George Eliot 乔治·艾略特4. The Brontë Sisters 勃朗特三姐妹Charlotte Brontë夏洛蒂·勃朗特：Jane Eyre《简·爱》Emily Brontë艾米莉·勃朗特：Wuthering Heights 《呼啸山庄》Annie Brontë安妮·勃朗特5. The Brownings 勃朗宁夫妇Husband: Robert BrowningWife: Elizabeth BrowningSonnets from the Portuguese 《葡语十四行诗集》ⅦTwentieth Century English Literature 20世纪英国文学1. Thomas Hardy 托马斯·哈代Tess of the d’Urbervilles《德伯家的苔丝》2. John Galsworthy 高尔斯华绥3. Oscar Wilde 王尔德Poet，dramatist, novelist and essayist.The Happy Prince and Other Tales 《快乐王子和其他故事》4. George Bernard Shaw 萧伯纳the most important English dramatist5. D. H. Lawrence 劳伦斯Lady Chatterley’s Lover 《查泰来夫人的情人》6. Virginia Woolf 伍尔芙Feminism, the stream of consciousness意识流女权主义与现代主义小说的先驱7. James Joyce 乔伊斯Ulysses《尤里西斯》the stream of consciousness意识流Part B American LiteratureⅠThe Literature During the Colonial American and the American Revolution殖民地时期及独立战争时期的文学Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林ⅡAmerican Romanticism and New England Literature 浪漫主义及新英格兰时期文学1. Washington Irving华盛顿•欧文(1783-1859)the first American to achieve an international literary reputation. 是美国文学的奠基人之一。
英美文学史复习笔记5篇
英美文学史复习笔记5篇第一篇：英美文学史复习笔记英美文学复习时期划分——Early & Medieval literature 包括The Anglo-Saxon Period 和The Anglo-Norman Period ——Renaissance 文艺复兴——Revolution & Restoration 资产阶级革命与王权复辟——Enlightenment 启蒙运动——Romantic Period 浪漫主义时期——Critical Realism 批判现实主义——20th Modernism 现代主义传统诗歌主题：nature, life, death, belief, time, youth, beauty, love, feelings of different kinds, reason(wisdom), moral lesson, morality.修辞名称：meter格律, rhyme韵, sound assonance谐音, consonance和音, alliteration头韵, form of poetry诗歌形式, allusion典故, foot音步, iamb抑扬格, trochee扬抑格, anapest抑抑扬格, dactyl扬抑抑格, pentameter五音步文学体裁：诗歌poem,小说novel,戏剧novel起源：Christianity 基督教Bible圣经myth神话The Romance of king Arthur and his knights亚瑟王和他的骑士（笔记）一、1、The Anglo-Saxon period(496-1066)这个时期的文学作品分类：（pagan异教徒）（Christian基督徒）2、代表作：The song of Beowulf《贝奥武甫》(national epic)（民族史诗）采用了隐喻手法3、Alliteration押头韵（写作手法）例子：of man was the mildest and most beloved.To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise.二、The Anglo-Norman period(1066-1350)Canto 诗章受到法国影响English literature is also a combination of French and Saxon elements.1、romance传奇文学 Arthurian romances亚瑟王传奇2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight(高文爵士和绿衣骑士)是一首押头韵的长诗 knighthood 骑士精神三、Geoffrey Chaucer(1340-1400)杰弗里。
自考英美文学选读_重点总结【英国】Chapter 5 The Modern Period现代时期
【英国】Chapter 5 The Modern Period现代时期1. The once sun-never-set Empire finally collapsed.日不落帝国终于日薄西山了。
2. Arthur Schopenhauer, a pessimistic philosopher, started a rebellion against rationalism, stressing the importance of will and intuition.德国哲学家亚瑟.叔本华的悲观主义与反理性哲学强调了人的意愿与直觉的重要性。
3. Friedrich Nietzsche advocated the doctrines of power and superman and by completely rejecting the Christian morality.尼采继承了叔本华的理论后，更进一步的反叛理性主义与基督教精神，推崇强权与霸权。
4. Henry Bergson established his irrational philosophy, which put the emphasis on creation, intuition, irrationality and unconsciousness.亨利.伯格森在前人基础上创立了非理性哲学，强调创造力，直觉，非理性与无意识。
5. The appalling shock of the First World War severely destroyed people’s faith in the Victorian values.一战的毁灭性灾难摧垮了人们对维多利亚道德标准的信奉。
6. The French symbolism, appearing in the late 19th century, heralded modernism.19世纪晚期法国的象征主义预示了现代主义的诞生。
英美文学史教学大纲
《英美文学史》教学大纲一、课程教学目标学生通过本课程的学习,在知识方面应对英美文学发展脉络有一个清晰系统地把握,内容主要涉及文学背景,文学思潮,文学流派,文学术语,主要作家作品等；在能力方面经过一个学期的系统学习基本掌握文学欣赏的基本方法,为以后进一步深造或进行学术科学研究打下良好的基础。
二、课程性质，目的与任务：英美文学史是全日制大学英语专业本科学生第四学期的选修课程,是为培养和检验学生英美文学的基本知识和理解、鉴赏英美文学原著的能力而设置的一门专业理论课程。
本课程的教学任务和目的是: 使学生了解和认知英国文学史上一些较有影响的作家的创作倾向、思想方法、在文学史上的地位和成就以及对本国文学乃至世界所产生的影响等等。
通过阅读和分析英美文学作品,促进学生语言基本功和人文素质的提高,增强学生对西方文学及文化的了解。
在此基础上,使学生了解一些名家的代表作品的思想意义、文学价值、写作手法、语言技巧等,为学生的教学、研究打下基础。
三、基本要求:本课程要求学生对英美文学形成与发展的全貌有个大概的了解: 了解各个发展时期的文学特色及作家、作品，并通过阅读具有代表性的英国、美国文学作品，理解作品的内容，学会分析作品的艺术特色并努力掌握正确评价文学作品的标准和方法，努力提高语言水平，增强对英美文学原著的理解，特别是对作品中表现的社会生活和人物情感的理解，提高他们对各种形式的文学作品如小说、诗歌、戏剧等阅读能力和鉴赏水平。
四、教学学时分配数五、大纲内容（一）早期和中世纪英国文学1、教学的目的和要求:了解昂格鲁·撒克逊时代的民族史诗和贝奥武甫的作品特色，了解中世纪诗歌和浪漫传奇、早期人文主义代表杰弗瑞·乔叟和他的作品。
2、教学的重点和难点：教学重点：1、英格兰、苏格兰民歌和罗宾汉之歌。
2、贝奥伍夫贝奥伍夫的故事起源、贝奥伍夫的故事内容和故事特征。
3、杰弗瑞·乔叟简介（包括作者乔叟的生平、作品介绍）。
英国文学史及选读chapter 5 the Renaissance
Progressive writers known as humanists
In literature,
in the 14th and 15th centuries, in Italy, we have Petrarch, Boccaccio, Ariosto 阿里奥斯托 and Tasso 塔索; In the 16th century in France there were Rabelais (拉伯雷， 弗朗索瓦) and Montaigne (蒙田); In Germany, von Hutten (胡滕，乌尔里希·冯) (a supporter of Martin Luther) and Martin Luther; In Holland Erasmus 伊拉兹马斯; In Spain Cervantes 塞凡提斯; And in England Thomas More and Marlowe and Shakespeare.
The dictatorship of the church over men’s minds was shattered; it was directly cast off by the majority of the Germanic peoples, who adopted Protestantism, while among the Latins a cheerful spirit of free thought, taken over from the Arabs and nourished by the newly discovered Greek philosophy, took root more and more and prepared the way for the materialism of the 18th century.”
英美文学选读英国部分第五章现代时期
英美文学选读中文翻译及重点习题答案英国文学(AMERICAN LITERATURE)第五章现代时期(The Modern Period)一、背景知识(Background knowledge)1、历史背景(Historical background)（1）一般认为第一次世界大战是英国历史的分水岭，因为这场战争给英国社会的各个领域带来了急剧的变化。
暴风骤雨般的第一次世界大战极大地削弱了大英帝国，使英国有史以来第一次成为债务国，伦敦失去了其世界金融中心的地位。
战后经济的混乱和精神的幻灭对英国人民产生了深远的影响，他们开始认清资本主义普遍存在的罪恶。
（2）第二次世界大战标志着大英帝国的最终瓦解，在这场战争中英国损失惨重。
更糟的是随着战争的结束，英国的殖民地掀起了声势浩大的独立运动。
到1970年，英国几乎失去了所有的前殖民地，昔日的“日不落帝国”终于瓦解。
（3）大英帝国的结束极大地削弱了它的实力和对世界的影响，战后英国对其国际地位的改变所作的调整是艰难、痛苦的。
这几乎用了二十年的时间才让大多数英国人真正理解和接受英国不再是世界事务的中心这样一个事实。
然而，英国成功地度过最困难的时期，今天它依然是世界上主要的资本主义国家之一。
2、文化背景(Cultural background)（1）19世纪后半期以及20世纪头几十年，欧洲自然科学和社会科学得到巨大的发展。
在意识形态方面，自然科学的发展产生了各种各样的悲观论和宿命论。
自然主义是这些论点在文学上的一种反映。
达尔文的进化论、爱因斯坦的相对论等等理论在20世纪的头几十年对塑造人们的心理状态产生了极大的影响。
然而，更重要的是弗洛伊德的分析心理学，因为这种心理分析的方法在现实生活中以及在文学中极大地改变了人们对人类本性的看法。
（2）在社会科学领域，马克思和恩格斯提出了科学社会主义理论，事实证明这种理论不仅是一种指导原则，而且鼓励着劳动人民为自身的解放而斗争。
同时，唯心主义哲学也蓬勃兴起，叔本华、尼采、伯格森等名列本时期最著名的人物之中。
《英美文学史》名词解释
英美文学史名词解释1.English Critical RealismEnglish critical realism of the 19th century flourished in the forties and in the early fifties. The realists first and foremost criticized the capitalist society from a democratic viewpoint and delineated (portrayed) the crying (extremely shocking) contradictions of bourgeois reality. The greatness of the English realists lies not only in their satirical portrayal of bourgeoisie and in the exposure of the greed and hypocrisy of the ruling classes, but also in their sympathy for the laboring people. Humor and satire are used to expose and criticize the seamy (dark) side of reality. The major contribution of the critical realists lies in their perfection of the novel. Charles Dickens and William Makepeace Thackeray are the most important representative of English critical realism.2.The "Stream of Consciousness"The "stream of consciousness" is a psychological term indicating "the flux of conscious and subconscious thoughts and impressions moving in the mind at any given time independently of the person's will." In late 19th century, the literary device of "interior monologue" was originated in France as an application of modern psychological knowledge to literary creations. In the 20th century, under the influence of Freud 's theory of psychological analysis, a number of writers adopted the "stream of consciousness" method of novel writing. The striking featureof these novelists is their giving precedence to the depiction of the characters' mental and emotional reactions to external events, rather than the events themselves. In doing so, the novelists abandoned the conventional usages of realistic plot structure, characterization and description, and their works became successions of "fleeting images of the external world mingled with thoughts and half-thoughts and shadows of thought attached to the immediate present or moving back and forth in memory." James Joyce and Virginia Woolf are the two best known novelists of the "stream of consciousness".3.TranscendentalismTranscendentalism is the summit of the Romantic Movement in the history of American literature in the 19th century. Transcendentalism has been defined philosophically as "the recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively". Transcendentalists place emphasis on the importance of the Over-soul, the individual and Nature. The most important representatives are Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau.4.RenaissanceRenaissance in European history refers to the period from 14th century to 17th century. "Renaissance" means "revival", the revival of interest in Ancient Greek and Roman culture and getting rid of conservatism in feudalist Europe and introducing new ideas that expressthe interests of the rising bourgeoisie. It started in Italy and ended in England and Spain. Renaissance has two striking features. One is a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature; the other is the keen interest in the activities of humanity. Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance. Thomas More and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.5.Passive RomanticismEnglish romanticism began when Lyrical Ballad was published in 1798 and ended in 1832. It in effect is a revolt of the English imagination against the neoclassical reason. The romanticists who saw both the corruption of the feudal societies and the inhumanity of capitalism and felt that the society denied people their essential human needs. They were discontented with, and opposed to the development of capitalism. Some romantic writers reflected the thinking of classes ruined by the bourgeoisie, and by way of protest against capitalism development turned to the feudal past, i.e., the "merry old English", as their ideal, or, "frightened by the coming of industrialism and the nightmare towns of industry, they were turning to nature to nature for protection." These were the elder and sometimes called passive or escapist romantics, represented by Wordsworth and Coleridge.6. ImagismImagism is a Movement in U.S. and English poetry characterized bythe use of concrete language and figures of speech, modern subject matter, metrical freedom, and avoidance of romantic or mystical themes, aiming at clarity of expression through the use of precise visual images. It grew out of the Symbolist Movement in 1912 and was initially led by Ezra Pound, Amy Lowell, and others. The Imagist manifesto that came out in 1912 showed three Imagist poetic principles: direct treatment of the “thing” (no fuss, frill or ornament), exclusion of superfluous words (precision and economy of expression), the rhyme of the musical phrase rather than the sequence of a metronome (free verse form and music).7. The Local Color MovementThe local color movement came into particular prominence in America after the Civil War, perhaps as an attempt to recapture the glamour of a past era, or to portray the sections of the reunited country. Local color as a literary school emphasizes its setting, being concerned with the character of a district or of an era, as marked by its customs, dialects costumes, landscape or other peculiarities that have escaped standardizing cultural influences. In local color literature, one finds the dual influence of romanticism and realism since the author frequently looks away from ordinary life to distant lands, strange customs, or exotic scenes, but retains through minute detail a sense of fidelity and accuracy of description. Mark Twain is a representative of the American Local Colorism.8. The Lost GenerationThe Lost Generation is applied to the American writers who fought in the First World War, voluntarily exiled to Paris, and associated with the informal literary saloon of Gertrude Stein’s Paris home for a certain period of time. They were all disillusioned with the American Tradition of writing as well as the post-war American society. The most eloquent spokesman of the group is Earnest Hemingway. Other writers are Ezra Pound, Fitzgerald, etc..。
外研社英美文学简史及名篇选读教学课件英国文学u5
1) William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
威廉·华兹华斯
Lyrical Ballads (1798) 《抒情歌谣集》
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
2) George Gordon Byron (1788-1824)
乔治·戈登·拜伦
Childe Harold‘s Pilgrimage
《恰尔德·哈罗德游记》
Don Juan 《唐·璜》(The Isles of Greece)
3) Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822)
Then they settled at Dove Cottage in Grasmere in the Lake District, and this time with fellow poet Robert Southey nearby. Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey came to be known as the “Lake Poets"
Birth Place of Wordsworth
Grasmere Lake District
Dove Cottage
-In 1850, he died at Rydal Mount
St Oswald’s Church→ in Grasmere
Wordsworth and his relatives were buried in the Grasmere churchyard.
--Their works raised woman to the high place in literature.
《美国文学史》各章节知识点指南
《美国文学史》各章节知识点指南时间：2011年2月使用教材：《美国文学史》（第二版）常耀信著Chapter 1 Colonial America★1607 Jamestown, Virginia：the first permanent English settlement in America★1620 Plymouth, Massachusetts: the second permanent English settlement in America★Captain John Smith: the first American writer writing in English★Anne Bradstreet: the first American woman poetMajor work: The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America (1650)Contemplations (9) on P. 17 （熟悉这首诗歌）To My Dear and Loving Husband《致我亲爱的丈夫》★Philis Wheatley: the first black woman poet in American literature★Edward Taylor: the most famous poet in the colonial periodHuswifery on P. 19 （熟悉这首诗歌）★Roger Williams: The Bloody Tenet of Persecution for the Cause of Conscience (1644)Translated the Bible into the Indian tongue★John Winthrop: ―Model of Christian Charity‖（〈基督慈善之典范〉）The History of New England (two volumes, 1825, 1826)(〈新英格兰史〉) 1630 --- 1649 in diary★Thomas Paine: Common Sense, The American Crisis, The Rights of Man, The Age of Reason ★Philip Freneau: Poet of the American RevolutionThe Wild Honeysuckle, The Indian Burying Ground, The Dying Indian: TomoChequi★Charles Brockden Brown: the first important American novelistWieland, Edgar Huntly, Ormond, Aurthur MervynChapter 2 Edwards, Franklin, Crevecoeur★the 18th century: Age of Reason and Enlightenment★Jonathan Edwards: America’s first systematic philosopherThe Freedom of the Will, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God★Benjamin Franklin: The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, Poor Richard’s Almanac熟悉37页的引文★Hector St. John de Crevecoeur: Letters from an American FarmerChapter 3 American Romanticism, Irving, Cooper★Washington Irving: the first American writer to win international acclaimThe Sketch Book: Rip V an Winkle, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow★James Fenimore Cooper: Leatherstocking Tales (五个故事的题目)Natty Bumpo (人物形象)Chapter 4 New England Transcendentalism, Emerson, Thoreau★Ralph Waldo Emerson: Nature (the Bible and manifesto of New England Transcendentalism)The American Scholar (America’s Declaration of IntellectualIndependence)★Henry David Thoreau: Walden, or Life in the WoodsChapter 5 Hawthorne, Melville★Nathaniel Hawthorne: The Scarlet Letter, Twice-Told Tales, The House of the Seven Gables, The Blithedale Romance, The Marble Faun, Young Goodman Brown★Herman Melville: Moby Dick, Omoo, Mardi, Redburn, White Jacket, PierreChapter 6 Whitman, Dickinson★Walt Whitman: Leaves of Grass; free verse; Song of Myself★Emily Dickinson: Of the 1775 poems, only 7 poems were published in her lifetime.熟悉教材中98至102页所选的诗歌Chapter 7 Edgar Allan Poe★Edgar Allan Poe: The Fall of the House of Usher, The Philosophy of Composition, The Poetic Principle, The Raven，To Helen熟悉教材中107页所选的The Raven中的部分诗行Chapter 8 The Age of Realism, Howells, James★William Dean Howells: The Rise of Silas Lapham, Criticism and Fiction★Henry James: important writings listed on P. 125the international themeChapter 9 Local Colorism, Mark Twain★Hamlin Garland: Crumbling Idols, Veritism (真实主义)★Bret Harte: The Luck of Roaring Camp★Mark Twain: 主要作品, vernacular literature, colloquial style★Harriet Beecher Stowe 斯托夫人& her Uncle Tom’s Cabin《汤姆叔叔的小屋》★Louisa May Alcott 路易莎·梅·奥尔科特& her Little Women 《小妇人》★Kate Chopin 凯特·肖班& her The Awakening 《觉醒》Chapter 10 American Naturalism, Crane, Norris, Dreiser, Robinson★Stephen Crane: Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (the first naturalistic novel in American literature), The Red Badge of Courage (the first anti-war novel in American literature),Famous short stories: The Open Boat, The Bride Comes to the Yellow Sky★Frank Norris: The Octopus, McTeague★Theodore Dreiser: Sister Carrie, Jennie Gerhardt, the Desire Trilogy, The Genius★Edwin Arlington Robinson: Richard Cory★Jack London: The Call of the Wild, White Fang, The Sea Wolf, Martin Eden★O. Henry (William Sidney Porter): famous for his short stories such as The Gift of the Magi★Upton Sinclair: The Jungle, the Muckraking MovementChapter 11 The 1920s, Imagism, Pound★The first American Renaissance: the first half of the 19th century★The second Renaissance: the 1920s★The three principles of the Imagist Poetry★熟悉四首意象派诗歌：In a Station of the Metro, Oread, The Red Wheelbarrow, Fog, 并会分析其中的第一和第四首★Ezra Pound: The Cantos, Hugh Selwyn MauberleyChapter 12 T. S. Eliot, Stevens, Williams★T. S. Eliot: The Waste Land （五个部分的题目）, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock 其他主要作品founder of New Criticism: depersonalization, objective correlative★William Carlos Williams: PatersonChapter 13 Frost, Sandburg, Cummings, Hart Crane, Moore★Robert Frost: New England poet, lyrical poet, the unofficial poet laureate, won the Pulitzer Prize four timesThe Road Not Taken (熟悉此诗), Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,Mending Wall, Apple-picking <<摘苹果>>★Carl Sandburg: Fog, The Harbor (two famous Imagist poems)★ E. E. Cummings: the most interesting experimentalist in modern American poetry★Hart Crane: The BridgeChapter 14 Fitzgerald, Hemingway★F. Scott Fitzgerald: the spokesman of the Jazz AgeThe Great Gatsby★Ernest Hemingway: Hemingway hero with ―grace under pressure‖, the iceberg principle“I always try to write on the principle of the iceberg. There is seven-eights of it under water for every part that shows. Anything you know you can eliminate and it only strengthens your iceberg. It is the part that doesn’t show. ”冰山运动之雄伟壮观，是因为它只有八分之一在水面上。
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Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in , the Poet of Beauty
―Ode to a Nightingale‖ ―Ode on a Grecian Urn‖ ―To Autumn‖ ― Ode to Psyche‖ ― On Melancholy‖
Chapter 13
Walter Scott and Jane Austen
The English Romantic Movement was marked by the publication of Lyrical Ballads in 1798. Features of English Romanticism:
simplicity (content and language); love of nature( respect nature’s force, feelings with nature); subjectivity (individual emotion recollected in tranquility); spontaneity (―the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings‖) subject: supernatural, mysterious, stange and splendid, remote time and place; tone:melancholy
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
by Wordsworth
I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o’er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of Golden daffodils: Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
The waves beside them danced; but they Outdid the sparkling waves in glee; A poet could not but be gay; In such a jocund company; I gazed – and gazed – but little thought What wealth the show to me had brought:
For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils.
Literary Achievements 1) Poetry
Wordsworh, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley, Keats Lake Poets: Wordswoth, Coleridge, Southey
2) Novel
Walter Scott, Jane Austen
简明英国文学史 A Brief History of English Literature
刘意青 刘炅 著
主讲：李漫萍
2014,9-2015,1
Part V
The Romantic Period (1780-1830)
Chapter 11 Wordsworth and Coleridge
Historical background
The Solitary Reaper
by Wordsworth
Behold her, single in the field, Yon solitary Highland Lass! Reaping and singing by herself， Stop here, or gently pass! Alone she cuts and binds the grain, And sings a melancholy strain; O listen! for the Vale profound Is overflowing with the sound.
relationship with Ireland, Scotland and her colonies in North American became critical. American Revolution and the French Revolution; democracy, equality and freedom, social reform
― Kubla Khan‖
Chapter 12
Byron, Shelley and Keats
Byron and the Byronic Hero major works:
Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage Don Juan
What is a Byronic Hero?(P.189)
Romanticism or Romantic Movement is a literary movement in Britain and the European Continent between 1770 and 1848. its keynote is ―intensity(strong emotion)‖, its watchword is ―imagination‖
II. The Romantic Sage
William Wordsworh
Lyrical Ballads, a joint work of Wordsworth
and Coleridge Poems in search for self-definition in relation with nature
Industrial Revolution, working class, the Luddites’ movement – frame-breakers, breaking looms
and machines, ignorant of the real cause for their sufferings;
Whate'er the theme, the Maiden sang As if her song could have no ending; I saw her singing at her work, And o'er the sickle bending;—— I listen'd, motionless and still; And, as I mounted up the hill, The music in my heart I bore, Long after it was heard no more.
Composed upon Westminster Bridge
by Wordsworh
P.181
III. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Poet and Critic
―The Rime of the Ancient Mariner‖
( a strange, supernatural sea tale in the form of a ballad)
Walter Scott, Romantic Writer of Historical Themes
major works: Ivanhoe (historical romance) Rob Roy ( a legendary hero of the Scottish people) features: combine historical facts with romantic adventures; characters: type, superficial, lacking development and psychological depth; colorful and exotic settings; out-of-date mode of language
Jane Austen, Novelist of Social Manners major works:
Sense and Sensibility Pride and Prejudice Mansfield Park Emma Northanger Abby Persuasion
―I Wandered Lonely As a Cloud‖; ―My Heart Leaps up When I Behold‖; ―Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abby‖
Poems of Solitary
―The Solitary Reaper‖
Will no one tell me what she sings?— Perhaps the plaintive numbers flow For old, unhappy, far-off things, And battles long ago: Or is it some more humble lay, Familiar matter of to-day? Some natural sorrow, loss, or pain, That has been, and may be again?