2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(6).doc
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(4)
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（4）Passage Nine(Holmes’ Knowledge)His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge. Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest way who he might be and what he had done. My surprise reached a climax, however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar system.“You appear to be astonished, ” Holmes said, smiling at my expression. “Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it. You see, I consider that a man’s brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose: A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it. It is a mistake to think that the little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent. Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts 实用文档elbowing out the useful ones.”“But the Solar System! ” I protested.“What the deuce is it to me?” he interrupted impatiently.One morning, I picked up a magazine from the table and attempted to while away the time with it, while my companion munched silently at his toast. One of the articles had a pencil mark at the heading, and I naturally began to run my eye through it.Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life, ” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way. It struck me as being a remarkable mixture of shrewdness and of absurdity. The reasoning was close and intense, but the deduction appeared to me to be far-fetched and exaggerated. The writer claimed by a momentary expression, a twitch of a muscle or a glance of an eye, to fathom a man’s inmost thought. Deceit, according to him, was impossibility in the case of one trained to observation and analysis. His conclusions were as infallible as so many propositions of Euclid. So startling would his results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by which he had arrived at them they might well consider him as a 实用文档necromancer.“From a drop of water, ”said the writer, “a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic. So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it. Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it. ”This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it.1.What is the author’s attitude toward Holmes?[A]Praising.Critical.[C]Ironical.[D]Distaste.2.What way did the author take to stick out Holmes’ uniqueness?[A]By deduction.By explanation.[C]By contrast.实用文档[D]By analysis.3.What was the Holmes’ idea about knowledge-learning?[A]Learning what every body learned.Learning what was useful to you.[C]Learning whatever you came across.[D]Learning what was different to you.4.What did the article mentioned in the passage talk about?[A]One may master the way of reasoning through observation.One may become rather critical through observation and analysis.[C]One may become rather sharp through observation and analysis.[D]One may become practical through observation and analysis.Vocabulary1.Thomas Carlyle 托马斯•卡莱尔1795-1881美国作家、历史家、哲学家2.jumble (up) 搞乱，使混乱y hand on (upon) sth. 抓住，找到4.at best 最好的情况下5.elbow out (off) 用胳膊肘挤出，推出实用文档6.deuce = devil what the deuce is it to me?这里表示福尔摩斯的厌恶心理。
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(4)
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（4）Passage Nine(Holmes’ Knowledge)His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge. Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest way who he might be and what he had done. My surprise reached a climax, however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar system.“Y ou appear to be astonished, ” Holmes said, smiling at my expression. “Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it. Y ou see, I consider that a man’s brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose: A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it. It is a mistake to think that the little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent. Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones.”“But the Solar System! ” I protested.“What the deuce is it to me?” he interrupted impatiently.One morning, I picked up a magazine from the table and attempted to while away the time with it, while my companion munched silently at his toast. One of the articles had a pencil mark at the heading, and I naturally began to run my eye through it.Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life, ” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way. It struck me as being a remarkable mixture of shrewdness and of absurdity. The reasoning was close and intense, but the deduction appeared to me to be far-fetched and exaggerated. The writer claimed by a momentary expression, a t witch of a muscle or a glance of an eye, to fathom a man’s inmost thought. Deceit, according to him, was impossibility in the case of one trained to observation and analysis. His conclusions were as infallible as so many propositions of Euclid. So startling would his results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by whichhe had arrived at them they might well consider him as a necromancer.“From a drop of water, ”said the writer, “a logician could infer the possibility of an Atla ntic. So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it. Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it. ”This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it.1.What is the author’s attitude toward Holmes?[A]Praising.Critical.[C]Ironical.[D]Distaste.2.What way did the author take to stick out Holmes’ uniqueness?[A]By deduction.By explanation.[C]By contrast.[D]By analysis.3.What was the Holmes’ idea about knowledge-learning?[A]Learning what every body learned.Learning what was useful to you.[C]Learning whatever you came across.[D]Learning what was different to you.4.What did the article mentioned in the passage talk about?[A]One may master the way of reasoning through observation.One may become rather critical through observation and analysis.[C]One may become rather sharp through observation and analysis.[D]One may become practical through observation and analysis.V ocabulary1.Thomas Carlyle 托马斯•卡莱尔1795-1881美国作家、历史家、哲学家2.jumble (up) 搞乱，使混乱y hand on (upon) sth. 抓住，找到4.at best 最好的情况下5.elbow out (off) 用胳膊肘挤出，推出6.deuce = devil what the deuce is it to me?这里表示福尔摩斯的厌恶心理。
2012高考英语 阅读理解课堂练学案(2).doc
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（2）Passage four(preface)Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or – independently of any course – simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.1.According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means[A] cultural groups that are formed by scientists.people whose knowledge of science is very limited.[C] the scientific community.[D] people who make good contribution to science.2.We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because[A] it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists. Science affects almost every aspect of our life.[C] Scientists live in a specific subculture.[D] It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.3.The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who[A] are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science. are good at producing various gadgets.[C] work in a storehouse of dried facts.[D] want to have a superficial understanding of science.4.According to this passage,[A] English is a sexist language.only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly.[C] women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language.[D] male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists.5.This passage most probably is[A] a book review.the preface of a book.[C] the postscript of a book.[D] the concluding part of a book.Vocabularysubculture 亚文化群（指在一个社会或一种文化内具有独特性的一群人）superficial 肤浅的，浅薄的，表面的lay person 外行，门外汉，俗人musty 发毒的，老朽的，陈腐的gadget 小玩意儿，小配件，新发明pervasive 渗透的，弥漫的，遍布的populate 居住于……中，在……中占一席之地implicit 含蓄的，内含的unspecified 未特别提出的offset 抵消，补偿难句译注An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.【参考译文】如果一个人知道那些使科学家激动不已和灰心丧气的东西，那就比较容易了解科学的一般（普遍）特征以及特殊科学概念。
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(3)
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（3）Passage six(Dropouts for Ph. D. s)Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation in need of Ph. D. s. Some have placed the dropouts loss as high as 50 percent. The extent of the loss was, however, largely a matter of expert guessing. Last week a well-rounded study was published. It was published. It was based on 22,000 questionnaires sent to former graduate students who were enrolled in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears to be groundless.The dropouts rate was found to be 31 per cent, and in most cases the dropouts, while not completing the Ph. D. requirement, went on to productive work. They are not only doing well financially, but, according to the report, are not far below the income levels of those who went on to complete their doctorates.Discussing the study last week, Dr. Tucker said the project was initiated ‘because of the concern frequently e xpressed by graduate faculties and administrators that some of the individuals who dropped out of Ph. D. programs were capable of competing the requirement for the degree. Attrition 实用文档at the Ph. D. level is also thought to be a waste of precious faculty time and a drain on university resources already being used to capacity. Some people expressed the opinion that the shortage of highly trained specialists and college teachers could be reduced by persuading the dropouts to return to graduate schools to complet e the Ph. D.’“The results of our research” Dr. Tucker concluded, “did not support these opinions.”Lack of motivation was the principal reason for dropping out.Most dropouts went as far in their doctoral program as was consistent with their levels of ability or their specialities.Most dropouts are now engaged in work consistent with their education and motivation.Nearly 75 per cent of the dropouts said there was no academic reason for their decision, but those who mentioned academic reason cited failure to pass the qualifying examination, uncompleted research and failure to pass language exams. Among the single most important personal reasons identified by dropouts for non-completion of their Ph. D. program, lack of finances was marked by 19 per cent.实用文档As an indication of how well the dropouts were doing, a chart showed 2% in humanities were receiving $ 20,000 and more annually while none of the Ph. D. ‘s with that background reached this figure. The Ph. D. ‘s shone in the $ 7,500 to $ 15,000 bracket with 78% at that level against 50% for the dropouts. This may also be an indication of the fact that top salaries in the academic fields, where Ph. D. ‘s tend to rise to the highest salaries, are still lagging behind other fields.As to the possibility of getting dropouts back on campus, the outlook was glum. The main condition which would have to prevail for at least 25 % of the dropouts who might consider returning to graduate school would be to guarantee that they would retain their present level of income and in some cases their present job.1.The author states that many educators feel that[A] steps should be taken to get the dropouts back to campus.the fropouts should return to a lower quality school to continue their study.[C] the Ph. D. holder is generally a better adjusted person than the dropout.[D] The high dropouts rate is largely attributable to the lack of stimulation onthe part of faculty members.实用文档2.Research has shown that[A] Dropouts are substantially below Ph. D. ‘s in financial atta inment.the incentive factor is a minor one in regard to pursuing Ph. D. studies.[C] The Ph. D. candidate is likely to change his field of specialization if he drops out.[D] about one-third of those who start Ph. D. work do not complete the work to earn the degree.3.Meeting foreign language requirements for the Ph. D.[A] is the most frequent reason for dropping out.is more difficult for the science candidate than for the humanities candidate.[C] is an essential part of many Ph. D. programs.[D] does not vary in difficulty among universities.4.After reading the article, one would refrain from concluding that[A] optimism reigns in regard to getting Ph. D. dropouts to return to their pursuit of the degree.a Ph. D. dropout, by and large, does not have what it takes to learn the degree.[C] colleges and universities employ a substantial number of Ph. D. dropouts.[D] Ph. D. ‘s are not earning what they deserve in nonacademic positions.实用文档5.It can be inferred that the high rate of dropouts lies in[A] salary for Ph. D. too low.academic requirement too high.[C] salary for dropouts too high.[D] 1000 positions.Vocabularydropout 辍学者，中途退学well-rounded 全面的attrition 缩/减员，磨损drain 枯竭bracket 一类人，（尤指按收入分类的）阶层lagging behind other fields 落后于其它领域glum 阴郁的难句译注Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation 实用文档in need of Ph. D. s.【参考译文】教育工作者严重关注博士生辍学的高比率；这对迫切需要博士生的国家是一个人才方面的严重损失。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(17)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（17）Passage Twelve (Religion and Rationality)Yet the difference in tome and language must strike us, so soon as it is philosophy that speaks: that change should remind us that even if the function of religion and that of reason coincide, this function is performed in the two cases by very different organs. Religions are many, reason one. Religion consists of conscious ideas, hopes, enthusiasms, and objects of worship; it operates by grace and flourishes by prayer. Reason, on the other hand, is a mere principle or potential order,on which indeed we may e to reflect but which exists in us ideally only, without variation or stress of any kind. We conform or do not conform to it; it does not urge or chide us, not call for any emotions on our part other than those naturally aroused by the various objects which it unfolds in their true nature and proportion. Religion brings some order into life by weighting it with new materials. Reason adds to the natural materials only the perfect order which it introduces into them. Rationality is nothing but a form, an ideal constitution which experience may more or less embody. Religion is a part of experience itself, a mass of sentiments and ideas. The one is an inviolate principle, the other a changing and struggling force. And yet this struggling and changing force of religion seems to direct man toward something eternal. It seems to make for an ultimate harmonywithin the soul and for an ultimate harmony between the soul and all that the soul depends upon. Religion, in its intent, is a more conscious and direct pursuit of the Life of Reason than is society, science, or art, for these approach and fill out the ideal life tentatively and piecemeal, hardly regarding the foal or caring for the ultimate justification of the instinctive aims. Religion also has an instinctive and blind side and bubbles up in all manner of chance practices and intuitions; soon, however, it feels its way toward the heart of things, and from whatever quarter it may e, veers inthe direction of the ultimate.Nevertheless, we must confess that this religious pursuit of the Life of Reason has been singularly abortive. Those within the pale of each religion may prevail upon themselves, toexpress satisfaction with its results, thanks to a fond partiality in reading the past and generous draughts of hope for the future; but any one regarding the various religions at once and paring their achievements with what reason requires, must feel how terrible is the disappointment which they have one and all prepared for mankind. Their chief anxiety has been to offer imaginaryremedies for mortal ills, some of which are incurable essentially, while others might have been really cured by well-directed effort. The Greed oracles, for instance, pretended to heal out natural ignorance, which has its appropriate though difficult cure, while the Christian vision of heaven pretended to be an antidote to our natural death— the inevitable correlate of birth and of a changing and conditioned existence. By methods of this sort little can be done for the real betterment of life. To confuse intelligence and dislocate sentiment by gratuitous fictions is ashort-sighted way of pursuing happiness. Nature is soon avenged. An unhealthy exaltation and a one-sided morality have to be followed by regrettable reactions. When these e. The real rewards of life may seem vain to a relaxed vitality, and the very name of virtue may irritate young spirits untrained in and natural excellence. Thus religion too often debauches the morality it es tosanction and impedes the science it ought to fulfill.What is the secret of this ineptitude? Why does religion, so near to rationality in its purpose, fallso short of it in its results? The answer is easy; religion pursues rationality through the imagination. When it explains events or assigns causes, it is an imaginative substitute for science. When it gives precepts, insinuates ideals, or remoulds aspiration, it is an imaginative substitute for wisdom—I mean for the deliberate and impartial pursuit of all food. The condition and the aims of life are both represented in religion poetically, but this poetry tends to arrogate to itself literal truth and moral authority, neither of which it possesses. Hence the depth and importance of religion bees intelligible no less than its contradictions and practical disasters. Its object is the same as thatof reason, but its method is to proceed by intuition and by unchecked poetical conceits.1.As used in the passage, the author would define“ wisdom” as[A].the pursuit of rationality through imagination.. an unemotional search for the truth.[C].a purposeful and unbiased quest for what is best.[D]. a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness2.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?[A]. Religion seeks the truth through imagination, reason, in its search, utilizes the emotions.. Religion has proved an ineffective tool in solving man’ s problems.[C]. Science seeks a piece meal solution to man’ s questions.[D]. The functions of philosophy and reason are the same.3.According to the author, science differs from religion in that[A]. it is unaware of ultimate goals.. it is unimaginative.[C]. its findings are exact and final.[D]. it resembles society and art.4.The author states that religion differs from rationality inthat [A]. it relies on intuition rather than reasoning .. it is not concerned with the ultimate justification of its instinctive aims.[C]. it has disappointed mankind.[D]. it has inspired mankind.5.According to the author, the pursuit of religion has proved to be[A]. imaginative.. a provider of hope for the future.[C]. a highly intellectual activity[D]. ineffectual.Vocabulary1.grace赏赐，仁爱，感动，感思祈祷2.chide责怪3.sentiment感情4.inviolate不受入侵的，贞洁的5.intent意义，含义6.piecemeal一件件，渐渐的，琐碎的7.bubble up起泡，沸腾，喜悦8.veer改变方向，转向9.abortive夭折的，失败的，中止的，流产的。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(20)教案
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(20)教案2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（20）Passage Eighteen (The Military Is In)Things have really changed. Not only is the military standing tall again, it is staging aremarkable eback in the quantity and quality of the recruits it is attracting. Recruiters, oncedenounced by antiwar students as“ baby killers” and barred from campuses, are weled ever at elite universities. ROTC (Reserve Officer ’Trainings Corps) programs, that faltered during the VietNam era, when protesters were fire bombing their headquarters, are flourishing again. The militaryacademies are enjoying a steady increase in applications.Certainly, the depressed economy has increased the allure of the jobs, technical training andgenerous student loans offered by the military. Students know that if they go in and bee, say,nuclear weapons specialists, they can e out and demand a salary of$60,000 a year. Militarysalaries, while not always petitive with those paid for parable jobs in the private sector, are morethan respectable, especially considering the wide array of benefits that are available: free medicalservice, room and board, and PX (Post Exchange) privileges. Monthly pay for a recruit is$574;for a sergeant with four years services it is $906; for a major with ten years it is $2,305.’ serviceThe services’ slick $175 million-a-year advertising campaign promising adventure and fulfillmenthas helped win over the TV generation. Kids are walking down the school hallways chanting‘ Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines,’ just like cialsinthe. Andmer many military officials feel thatthe key difference is the enhanced patriotism among the nation’ s youth. There is a return to the view that the military is an honorable profession. The days of a judge telling a miscreant to jointhe Army or go to jail are over. Recruiting for all four services bined is running at 101%ofauthorized goals. And the retention rate is now so high, that the services are refusing somere-enlistment applications and reducing annual recruiting target.The military academics are also enjoying halcyon years, attracting more and better-qualifiedstudents. pared to private colleges, where tuition and expenses have been climbing sharply, theservice schools are a real bargain: not only is tuition free, but recruits get allowances of up to $500a mouth. It is reported 12,300 applicants are for the 1,450 positions in this year’ s fresh Military academies are now just as selective as any of the best universities in the country.Nationwide, ROTC enrollment exceeds 105,000,a 64% increase over the 1974 figure. In the mid70’ s, the ROTC students refused to wear their uniforms on campus because they suffered all sorts of ridicule, if they did. Now if they wear them to class no one looks at them twice. To them, Viet Nam is ancient history, something the old folks talk about.1.What is the main idea of this passage?[A]. The Military is in. The Military is up[C]. The Military is down[D]. The Military is on2. What was the attitude of the [A]. Approval. . Indifferent.students in 1970[C]. Distaste.’ s towards the military?[D]. Scolding.3.The phrase “ e out ” is closest in meaning to[A].“ beevisible” ..“ begin to grow”.[C]. “ be made public” .[D].“ gain a certain position”.4.Which one of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason to attract students.[A]. Free tuition.. Spacious room.[C]. Considerate allowance.[D]. Technical training.Vocabulary1.stage a eback再度走红，卷土重来2.standing tall站得高3.babykiller杀婴犯人4.denounce斥责5.elite优秀的，名牌的6.ROTC=Reserve Office’ s Training Cope(美 )后备军官训练队7.falter摇动不定，迟疑不前8.flourish繁华兴盛9.allure迷惑10. e out进入交际界，扬名11.the wide array一大量，一大部分12.PX=Post Exchange陆军花费合作社13.sergeant中士14.major少校15.slick明的，特别好的，吸引人的16.hallway，道17.chant重复的（唱歌）18.miscreant无，棍19.retention rate服役率，服役期不退伍的比率20.real bargain好，十分划算句注1.The services slick’ $175 million -a-year advertising campaign promising adventure and fulfillment has helped win over the TV generation.[ 构析 ]句子的主是campaign. 里指大模的广告（ advertising campaign ）。
2012届高考英语阅读理解专题讲练(教(学)案版)
2012高考英语阅读理解专讲专练（教师版）2012-4-242012高考英语阅读理解题型专讲专练（教师版）【细节理解题】做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题就是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。
解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。
除了运用扫读法外，还可以兼用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。
要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就需要恰当地使用查阅的方法及技巧。
查阅是在读者对材料有所熟悉的情况下进行的，它的特点是带着问题去寻求答案，它往往与略读综合使用。
〖第一招〗直接细节理解题答案与原文挂钩，在文中可直接找到答案，但往往与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。
间接细节理解题需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，利用主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的判断，此类试题在高考中占大多数。
其常见命题方式有：1、特殊疑问句形式。
以what, who, when, where, which, how much / many 等引出的问题；2、是非题。
通常以true / false, not true / false 提问以及以according to the text 开头；3、填空题。
通常涉及与主题有关的事实和细节；4、就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。
〖第二招〗略读材料，大概了解全文，掌握其中心或主旨。
〖第三招〗按文章的体裁，如记叙文、说明文和议论文等及作者写作的组织模式和有关的信息词，如for example, first, second 等预测应该到何处寻求自己所需要的事实。
段落的组织形式常见的有时间型段落、空间型段落、列举型段落、例证型段落、程序型段落和对比型段落等。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(8)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（8）Passage Twenty (The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control)The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new lawlimits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil panies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things backfor long.As on Norwegian politician said last week:“ Wewill soon be changed beyond all recognition.”Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and ahealthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and thetourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industriesmight even disappear altogether when it bees cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen donot make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians seein them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage thatit might cause to the countryside and to the sea.1.The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to[A]provide more jobs for foreign workers.slow down the rate of its development.[C]sell the oil it is producing abroad.[D]develop more quickly than at present.2.The Norwegian Government has tried to[A]encourage the oil panies to discover new oil sources.prevent oil panies employing people from northern Norway.[C]help the oil panies solve many of their problems.[D]keep the oil industry to something near its present size.3.According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to[A]the development of industry.a growth in population.[C]the failure of the development programme.[D]the development of new towns.4.In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be[A]a large reduction on unemployment.a growth in the tourist industry.[C]a reduction in the number of existing industries.[D]the development of a number of service industries.5.Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because[A]they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.[C]their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.[D]they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.Vocabulary1.Norwegian挪威的；挪威人2.coastline海岸线3.recognition认可；认识；欣赏4.countryside乡间；乡民难句译注1.A new law limits exploration production limits have been laid to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; down (though these have already been raised); and oil panieshave not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.【构造简析】用两个分连结三句句子。
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2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（6）Passage Fourteen(Antarctica and Environment)Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station – a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollutio n and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States, Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet – a concern they believe the world at large should share.The Transantarctic Mountain, some of them more than 14,000 feet high, divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West” of the mountain, the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet, but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared, the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island.While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments, others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica, valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land, these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9,000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone, perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10,000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges, rippled fields of sand dunes, clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds, and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation.Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys, some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleysmay soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them.1.What is the best title for this passage?[A] Antarctica and environmental Problems.Antarctica: Earth’s Early-Warning station.[C] Antarctica: a Unique Observation Post.[D] Antarctica: a Mysterious Place.2.What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared?[A] The western part of the continent would be disappeared.The western part of the continent would be reduced.[C] The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands.[D] The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands.3.Why are the Dry Valleys left bare?[A] Vicious wind blasts the snow away.It rarely snows.[C] Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.[D] Sand dunes.4.Which of the following is true?[A] The “Dry Valleys” have noth ing left inside.The “Dry Valleys” never held glaciers.[C] The “Dry Valleys” may carry a message of hope for the verdant.[D] The “Dry Valleys” are useless to scientists.V ocabulary1.distant-early-warning sensor 远距离早期报警传感器2.plateau 高原，高地3.slash 挥砍4.blast 一阵疾风/狂风5.vicious 邪恶的，凶魔般的6.gorge 峡谷7.ripple 起伏，使起微波8.sand dune 沙丘9.verdant 绿色10.extraterrestrial 地球之外的11.aura 气氛难句译注1.Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early waning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north.【结构简析】see … as 把……看作。
Where定从修饰Antarctic。
【参考译文】因此，越来越多的科学家把南极洲视为一个远距离早期报警敏感器，在那里地球许多潜在的危险动向早在它们出现于北方以前就能发现。
2.The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountain东指的使印度正南的这一部分。
或山移动的那部分洲。
3.an aura of extraterrestrial desolation应译为：与地球格格不入的一种荒凉隔绝的气氛。
或与世隔绝的一种荒凉气氛。
写作方法与文章大意这是一篇有关南极洲科研考察的重要性的科普文章。
采用因果，点面结合写法。
首先提出：由于南极洲远离污染，又不同于其它任何地方，普遍存在着复杂的地质和生态环境，所以这块地方就可能得到更敏锐又易解释的科学测量结果。
它成了监察世界环境变化的观察哨和空间站，后面几段就写了进行考察的方面和结果。
答案详解1.A 南极洲和环境问题。
B. 南极洲：地球最早的报警战。
C.南极洲：独一无二的观察哨。
D. 南极洲：神秘的地方。
三项都是总内容众的组成部分。
2.D 大陆西部成为一群岛屿。
第三段“横断南极的山脉，有的高达一万四千多英尺，把这大陆分成情况各异的两个地区。
山脉以东的大陆部分是由差不多两英里厚的冰层覆盖的高原；山脉以西，即美洲以南的半个大陆也为冰层所覆盖。