广外英语考研真题 英语写作与翻译2004[试卷%2B答案]
广东外语外贸大学2004年硕士研究生入学考试英语语言文学及外国语言学与应用语言学英语写作与翻译试题Part One Writing (100)Task 1: Summary Writing (40%)Directions:Read carefully the following passage and summarize its contents in 150－200 words. Note that you must not copy complete sentences directly from the original. Failure to do so would incur deduction of your scores.PassagePlato - who may have understood better what forms the mind of man than do some of our contemporaries who want their children exposed only to "real" people and everyday events - knew what intellectual experiences make for tree humanity. He suggested that the future citizens of his ideal republic begin their literary education with the telling of myths, rather than with mere facts or so-called rational teachings. Even Aristotle, master of pure reason, said, "The friend of wisdom is also a friend of myth."Modem thinkers who have studied myths and fairy tales from a philosophical or psychological viewpoint arrive at the same conclusion, regardless of their original persuasion. Mircea Eliade, for one, describes these stories as "models ~for human behavior [that],,:by that very fact, give .meaning and value to life." Drawing on anthropological parallels, he and others suggest that myths and fairy tales were derived from, or give symbolic expression to, initiation rites or rites of passage - such as metaphoric death of an old, inadequate self in order to be reborn on a higher plane of existence. He feels that this is why these tales meet a strongly felt need and are carders of such deep meaning.Other investigators with a depth-psychological orientation emphasize the similarities between the fantastic events in myths and fairy tales and those in adult dreams and daydreams - the fulfillment of wishes, the winning out over all competitors, the destruction of enemies - and conclude that one attraction of this literature is its expression of that which is normally prevented from coming to awareness.There are, of course, very significant differences between fairy tales and dreams. For example, in dreams more often than not the wish fulfillment is disguised, while in fairy tales much of it is openly expressed. To a considerable degree, dreams are the result of inner pressures which have found no relief, of problems which beset a person to which he knows no solution and to which the dream finds none. The fairy tale does the opposite: it projects the relief of all pressures and not only offers ways to solve problems but promises that a "happy" solution will be found.We cannot control what goes on in our dreams. Although our inner censorship influences what we may dream, such control occurs on an unconscious level. The fairy tale, on the other hand, is very much the result of common conscious and unconscious content having been shaped by the conscious mind, not of one particular person, but the consensus of many in regard to what they view as universal human problems, and what they accept as desirable solutions. If all these elements were not present in a fairy tale, it would not be retold by generation after generation. Only if a fairy tale met the conscious and unconscious requirements of many people was it repeatedly retold, listened to with great interest. No dream of a person could arouse such persistent interest unless it was worked into a myth, as was the story of the pharaoh's dream as interpreted by Joseph in the Bible.参考答案Great thinkers like Plato and Aristotle shared the same idea that myth should enjoy a superior status in education. Even modern thinkers to certain extend agree with that idea as they reached a conclusion that myth partly reflected and satisfied the inner desires of human beings. Those fantastic events in myths resemble likeliness to our dreams or daydreams. Still differences exist. Such as dream reflects social pressure we faced, but it offers no solution. On the contrary, myth goes the opposite way. Unlike dreams, Myths are the symbolic projections of a people’s hope, values, fears and aspirations. And any myth is classic.Task 2: Essay Writing (60%)Directions:In recent years China has witnessed a drastic increase in the annual enrollment of university students. While some hail it as an achievement of historical significance that marks the beginning of popularizing China's education of higher learning, others dismiss it as nothing but an educational "great leap forward" that will do more harm than good to the quality of college education in China. Write an essay of 500 - 600 words unequivocally expressing your stand on this issue. Whatever position you take,, make sure to justify your decision. Give a title to your essay.参考范文In China a saying goes like this: It takes ten years for a tree to grow to its full height, but a hundred for qualified personnel to mature. From this sentence we can infer the high status of education in our country.In recent years China has witnessed a drastic increase in the annual enrollment of university students. The existence of this phenomenon should be due to the following reasons. First, the number of college students only takes a small share in the whole population. As time requires, we need more educated citizens to take part in the construction of China. The current college students are far from enough. Second, compared with other powers, like Britain and America, China has much less college students. This situation doesn’t fit China’s image as a big power. As a result, a drastic increase in the annual enrollment of university students emerged as the time requires. Around the issue of enrollment increase, people’s reactions are different. They can roughly be categorized into two groups: advocators and opponents. Some stress the significance of this move, while others emphasize their worry about the qualification of college education. Both sides have their reasons. While in my opinion, the increase of enrollment is inevitable, but we can’t be hasty in doing it.First of all, as I mentioned above, the increase of enrollment is the requirement of China’s development. We need more workers, more engineers, more businessmen, etc. And the increase would offer what we need in a comparatively short time. The advantage of it cannot be neglected.On the other hand, so many students rushed into university would directly cause the inadequacy of hardware as well as software of the university. For example, in English department, a class used tohave less than twenty students. But now a small classroom is jammed with more than 40 people. And this means more students have to share limited resources. The quality of education might be largely influenced. So from this point, people’s worry is not groundless. In addition, to accommodate so many freshmen, university has to invest much more money in reforming the current dorms and build new ones. University would then charge students more tuition. This directly adds more burden on their families.Then how to solve this problem? I personally think we should limit the increase of enrollment to minimize the negative effects. Rome is not built in one day. I t’s a long and hard process to develop education. So we should fulfill the aim step by step. Thus we can build a win-win situation.Part Two Translation (50)1.Translate the following passage into Chinese:(25)The Asking AnimalCaught between two eternities—the vanished past and the unknown future—human beings never cease to seek their bearings and sense of direction. We inherit our legacy of the sciences and the arts—the works of the great discoverers and creators, the Columbuses and Leonardos—but we all remain seekers. Man is the asking animal…Western culture has witnessed at least three grand historical epochs of seeking—each with a dominant spirit, enduring spokesmen and distinctive problems. We have gone from “Why?” to the “How?”, from the search for purpose to the search for causes.First was the heroic way of prophets and philosophers seeking answers—salvation or truth—from the God above or the reason within each of us. Then came an age of communal seeking, pursuing civilization in the liberal spirit. And most recently there was the age of the social sciences, in which man was ruled by the forces of history. We can draw on all these ways of seeking in our personal search for purpose, to find meaning in the seeking.参考译文探索的动物要已消逝的过去与未知的未来的夹缝之间，人类从未停止对人生的意义和前进方向的探索。
2004年考研英语试题及答案
2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section，Part A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Part ADirections:For questions 1-5， you will hear a talk about the geography of Belgium. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table。
Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box。
2004.4-2006.7外贸英语写作历年真题(有答案)-句子改错
2004.4-2006.7外贸英语写作历年真题-句子改错注：以下粉红字体为参考答案，可能个别会有错误，仅供大家参考，请勿照搬。
20060721. Few of us is willing to admit we have prejudice.Is - are22. The stockholders, reminded the annual meeting, mailed in their proxies.Reminded - reminding23. We firmly believe that these goods can sell good in Spring.Firmly believe – believe firmly good - well24. He’ll be in a wheelchair for his rest life.A Wheelchair – wheelchair25. I asked my uncle’s advice before make my investment.Make - making26. The new copy very much likes the original.Copy very – copy is very likes – looks like27. These employees who have been recently dismissed, seem angrily.Angrily - angry28. Neither Tuesday nor Wednesday are a suitable date for the meeting. Are -is29. Having not completed the interview, Andrew did not feel relieved.30. The foreign partner did not fulfill our order, or did it intend to. Or – and or - nor20060421. Language is regarded as both an art as well as a skill.as well as – and22. The new equipment made in Germany was arrived yesterday.Was arrived - arrived23. The cars or the truck need new tires.Need - needs24. Of all the reasons mentioning none are acceptable.Metioning - metioned25. The capacity for raise savings is very important for Asia.For – of for - to26. You can find no one else in the world who works more harder than Arnold John.More harder - harder27. I’m sure it is her who usually answers the telephone.Her – she28. You can surely learn a lot from you have experienced.surely29. We have received your report which is accompanied by the supporting documents.By - with30. Complex equipment requires operators who are specialists; however, we must train operators to become specialists.However - therefore20050721.Most people are full aware of the virtues of the market economy.22.Changes in the curricula has caused several crises.23.Great changes have been happened in China ever since opening and reform.24.Selling appliances and repairing them keeps him busy.25.One or the other of the two men are responsible for it.26.The letters, having transcribed, were not signed until 4:30 p.m.27.Check bank statements is part of a bookkeeper’s job.28.Tardiness annoys Mr. Britton as much as I.29.The contract, its stipulations have been negotiated over the past six months, is to be signed this week.30.To finish before five o’clock, the cards should be stacked in three piles.20050421. It would be contrarily to my principle to vote for that man.22. Numerous analysis are required before a decision can be made.23. The manager urged the salespeople to go fourth on their job with confidence.24. The chairman and president were present at the meeting.25. He knew the salespeople who were waiting had called before.26. Miss Ferguson and myself received new job classifications.27. She said, “If you are I, what would you do?"28. According with this letter, the customer did not follow the operating instructions.29. People are becoming increasing aware of the benefits brought about by high-tech.30. Due to a strike has temporarily closed our factory, deliveries are delayed.20040721. At receipt of your advice we shall open the letter of credit immediately.22. Computers have made a great contribution to the civilization of the whole world after it began to be widely used.23. He told me that he would come here or not was still uncertain.24. I’m certain that if you work harder, you are to succeess.25. I suggest that he gets up early next morning so as to catch the first bus.26. The numbers of this claim do not correspond those on the printout.27. Packed in a box, the typist could not find the machine.28. Mrs. Strong is responsible with hiring computer personnel.29. The manager is confident that there will not be many objections for these proposals.30. The most worst economic reversal of the twentieth century, the Great Depression of the 1930s, began in the United States.20040421. The branches of a company is sometimes called subsidiaries.22. Professor Smith has supervised four thesis on management.23. We attach great importance for the traditional virtues in our society.24. Mr. Robinson looked carefully the papers in the file folder.25. Their corporate strategies are as ambitious as our.26. His account of the contract is more perfect than her version.27. Despite the accident, Mr. Sorenson looked calmly.28. The numbers of this claim do not correspond those on the printout.29. Packed in a box, the typist could not find the machine.30. Most of people are in favor of this new project.。
2004年考研英语真题及答案
2004年考研英语真题及答案考研，这两个字对于很多大学生来说，那可真是一座难以翻越的大山。
就拿 2004 年考研英语真题来说吧，那真是让人又爱又恨。
记得我当年准备考研的时候，和几个小伙伴一起研究这 2004 年的英语真题。
我们在学校的图书馆里，找了个安静的角落，每个人面前都堆满了各种复习资料。
当我翻开那套真题，首先映入眼帘的是阅读理解。
那些密密麻麻的英文单词，仿佛是一群调皮的小精灵，在我眼前跳来跳去，让我眼花缭乱。
我硬着头皮读下去，一边读一边在心里默默翻译，遇到不认识的单词就赶紧查词典。
就说其中一篇阅读理解吧，讲的是关于环保的话题。
文章里各种专业术语和复杂的句子结构，让我读得云里雾里。
我读了一遍又一遍，还是不太明白。
这时候，旁边的小伙伴凑过来，说：“别纠结啦，先看看题目，说不定能找到线索。
”我听了他的话，赶紧去看题目，还真发现了一些关键信息。
再看看完形填空，那更是让人头疼。
一个空一个空的，每个选项看起来都差不多，感觉就像在玩一场“猜猜看”的游戏。
我绞尽脑汁地思考，分析每个单词的用法和语境，就怕一不小心选错了。
还有翻译题，那简直是对我英语水平的终极考验。
要把那些复杂的句子准确地翻译成中文，不仅需要词汇量，还需要对语法有深入的理解。
我一边写一边改，草稿纸都用了好几张。
最后是作文，看到题目要求，我心里就开始打鼓。
怎么构思？怎么组织语言？怎么才能写出一篇让阅卷老师满意的作文？我冥思苦想，先在草稿纸上列出大纲，然后一点点地填充内容。
当我们做完这套真题，对答案的时候，那心情真是跌宕起伏。
做对了的题目，心里一阵窃喜；做错了的题目，又懊恼不已。
不过，正是通过研究这 2004 年考研英语真题，我们发现了自己的不足之处，明确了复习的方向。
虽然过程很艰辛，但也让我们更加坚定了考研的决心。
所以啊，这 2004 年考研英语真题就像是一位严厉的老师，不断地鞭策着我们前进，让我们在考研的道路上不断成长。
不管结果如何，至少我们努力过，拼搏过！。
2004年考研英语真题完整版
2004年考研英语真题完整版Section IListening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For questions 1-5, you will hear a talk about the geography of Belgium. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)Geography of BelgiumThree main regions coastal plaincentral plateauhighlands 1Highest altitude of the coastal plain _______m 2Climate near the sea HumidMild 3Particularly rainy months of the years AprilNovember 4Average temperatures in July in Brussels low 13℃high _______℃ 5Part BDirections:For Questions 6-10, you will hear an interview with Mr. Saffo from the Institute for the Future. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)What is Saffo according to himself?The Institute for the Future provides services to private companies and________.The Institute believes that to think systematically about the long-range future is________.To succeed in anything, one should be flexible, curious and________.What does Saffo consider to be essential to the work of a team?678910Part CDirections:资料来源：中国教育在线/You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk about naming newborns. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.11.What do we often do with the things we love?[A] Ask for their names.[B] Name babies after them.[C] Put down their names.[D] Choose names for them.12.The unpleasant meaning of an old family name is often overlooked if ________.[A] the family tree is fairly limited[B] the family tie is strong enough[C] the name is commonly used[D] nobody in the family complains13.Several months after a baby’s birth, its name will ________.[A] show the beauty of its own[B] develop more associations[C] lose the original meaning[D] help form the baby’s personalityQuestions 14-16 are based on the biography of Bobby Moore, an English soccer player. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.资料来源：中国教育在线/14.How many matches did Moore play during his professional career?[A] 90[B] 108[C] 180[D] 66815.In 1964, Bobby Moore was made ________.[A] England’s footballer of the year[B] a soccer coach in West Germany[C] a medalist for his sportsmanship[D] a number of the Order of the British Empire16.After Moore retired from playing, the first thing he did was ________.[A] editing Sunday Sport[B] working for Capital Radio[C] managing professional soccer teams[D] developing a sports marketing companyQuestions 17-20 are based on the following talk on the city of Belfast. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.17.Belfast has long been famous for its ________.[A] oil refinery[B] linen textiles[C] food products[D] deepwater port资料来源：中国教育在线/18.Which of the following does Belfast chiefly export?[A] Soap[B] Grain[C] Steel[D] Tobacco19.When was Belfast founded?[A] In 1177[B] In 1315[C] In the 16th century[D] In the 17th century20.What happened in Belfast in the late 18th century?[A] French refugees arrived.[B] The harbor was destroyed.[C] Shipbuilding began to flourish.[D] The city was taken by the English.You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Section II: Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed资料来源：中国教育在线/by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories __21__ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior __22__ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through __23__ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in __24__ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, __25__ as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, __26__ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes __27__ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are __28__ to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly __29__ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that __30__ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment __31__ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in __32__ lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also __33__ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; __34__, children are likely to have less supervision at home __35__ was common in the traditional family __36__. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other __37__ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased __38__ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing __39__ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, __40__ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.21.[A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] cementing22.[A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because23.[A] interactions [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation24.[A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response25.[A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else26.[A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding27.[A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with资料来源：中国教育在线/28.[A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject29.[A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect30.[A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount31.[A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length32.[A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence33.[A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced34.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously35.[A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as36.[A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage37.[A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible38.[A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability39.[A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity40.[A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposingSection III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D] Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent.” It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then资料来源：中国教育在线/E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,”says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.”says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept -- what you think you want to do -- then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,” says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.” Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,” says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs -- those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them -- and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,” he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.41.How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.资料来源：中国教育在线/[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.42.Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling.[B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency.[D] Fewer successful matches.43.The expression “tip service” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.[A] advisory[B] compensation[C] interaction[D] reminder44.Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.45.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.资料来源：中国教育在线/Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zo? Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world’s five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.46.What does the author intend to illustrate with AAA A cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.资料来源：中国教育在线/[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.47.What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zo? Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.48.The 4th paragraph suggests that ________.[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight49.What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ” (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 5)?[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.50.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.资料来源：中国教育在线/[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn’t cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she’d like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I’m a good economic indicator,”she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they’re concerned about saving some dollars.” So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard’s department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don’t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too.” she says.Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission that America’s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year’s pace. But don’t sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they’re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there’s a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,” says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,”says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn’t mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan’s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used资料来源：中国教育在线/to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.51.By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet” (Lines 1-2, Paragraph 1), the author means ________.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation52.How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic.[B] Confused.[C] Carefree.[D] Panicked.53.When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range” (Lines 3-4, Paragraph 3) the author is talking about ________.[A] gold market[B] real estate[C] stock exchange[D] venture investment54.Why can many people see “silver linings” to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.资料来源：中国教育在线/[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.55.To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education -- not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ravitch’s latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling资料来源：中国教育在线/and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.” Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized -- going to school and learning to read -- so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”56.What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.57.We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of ________.[A] undervaluing intellect[B] favoring intellectualism[C] supporting school reform[D] suppressing native intelligence58.The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are ________.[A] identical[B] similar资料来源：中国教育在线/[C] complementary[D] opposite59.Emerson, according to the text, is probably ________.[A] a pioneer of education reform[B] an opponent of intellectualism[C] a scholar in favor of intellect[D] an advocate of regular schooling60.What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies power.Part BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries.61) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. 62) We are obliged to them because some资料来源：中国教育在线/of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic” language, were not always so grateful. 63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. 64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. 65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.61.________62.________63.________64.________65.________Section IV Writing66.Directions:Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1) describe the drawing,2) interpret its meaning, and资料来源：中国教育在线/3) support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points。
2004年考研英语试题及答案
2004 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompanythem. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and PartC.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down youranswers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehensionsection, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from yourtest booklet to ANSWER SHEET. 1Part ADirections:For questions 1-5, you will hear a talk about the geography of Belgium.While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)Geography of BelgiumThree main regions coastal plaincentral plateau1Highest altitude of the coastal plain ________m 2Climate near the sea Humid3Particularly rainy months of the years April4Average temperatures in July in low 13℃Brussels high ________℃ 5Part BDirections:For Questions 6-10, you will hear an interview with Mr. Saffo from theInstitute for the Future. While you listen, complete the sentences oranswer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentencesand questions below. (5 points)What is Saffo according to himself?The Institute for the Future provides services to private companies and ________.The Institute believes that to think systematically about the long-range future is________.To succeed in anything, one should be flexible, curious and________.What does Saffo consider to be essential to the work of a team?678910Part CDirections:You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to eachone, you will have time to read the questions related to it. Whilelistening, answer each question by choosing [A], [B], [C] or[D]. Afterlistening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear eachpiece once only. (10 points)Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk about naming newborns.You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.11. What do we often do with the things we love?[A] Ask for their names.[B] Name babies after them.[C] Put down their names.[D] Choose names for them.12. The unpleasant meaning of an old family name is often overlooked if________.[A] the family tree is fairly limited[B] the family tie is strong enough[C] the name is commonly used[D] nobody in the family complains13. Several months after a baby ’s birth, its name will ________.[A] show the beauty of its own[B] develop more associations[C] lose the original meaning[D] help form the baby ’s personalityQuestions 14-16 are based on the biography of Bobby Moore, an Englishsoccer player. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.14. How many matches did Moore play during his professional career?[A] 90[B] 108[C] 180[D] 66815. In 1964, Bobby Moore was made ________.[A] England ’s footballer of the year[B] a soccer coach in West Germany[C] a medalist for his sportsmanship[D] a number of the Order of the British Empire16. After Moore retired from playing, the first thing he did was________.[A] editing Sunday Sport[B] working for Capital Radio[C] managing professional soccer teams[D] developing a sports marketing companyQuestions 17-20 are based on the following talk on the city of Belfast.You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.17. Belfast has long been famous for its ________.[A] oil refinery[B] linen textiles[C] food products[D] deepwater port18. Which of the following does Belfast chiefly export?[A] Soap[B] Grain[C] Steel[D] Tobacco19. When was Belfast founded?[A] In 1177[B] In 1315[C] In the 16th century[D] In the 17th century20. What happened in Belfast in the late 18th century?[A] French refugees arrived.[B] The harbor was destroyed.[C] Shipbuilding began to flourish.[D] The city was taken by the English.You nowhave 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET. 1Section II Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET. (110 points)Manytheories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on societyas the major contributing influence. Theories 大21家on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 大22家they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learnedcriminal behavior through 大23家with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 大24家to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, 大25家as a rejectionof middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 大26家the fact that children from wealthyhomes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 大27家lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are大28家to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 大29家juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 大30家to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 大31家make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 大32家lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 大33家changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; 大34家, children are likely to have less supervision at home 大35家was common in the traditional family 大36家. This lack of parental supervisionis thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 大37家causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, theincreased 大38家of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 大39家of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 大40家 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.21. [A] acting[B] relying[C] centering[D] commenting22. [A] before[B] unless[C] until[D] because23. [A] interaction[B] assimilation[C] cooperation[D] consultation24. [A] return[B] reply[C] reference[D] response25. [A] or[B] but rather[C] but[D] or else26. [A] considering[B] ignoring[C] highlighting[D] discarding27. [A] on[B] in[C] for[D] with28. [A] immune[B] resistant[C] sensitive[D] subject29. [A] affect[B] reduce[C] check[D] reflect30. [A] point[B] lead[C] come[D] amount31. [A] in general[B] on average[C] by contrast[D] at length32. [A] case[B] short[C] turn[D] essence33. [A] survived[B] noticed[C] undertaken[D] experienced34. [A] contrarily[B] consequently[C] similarly[D] simultaneously35. [A] than[B] that[C] which[D] as36. [A] system[B] structure[C] concept[D] heritage37. [A] assessable[B] identifiable[C] negligible[D] incredible38. [A] expense[B] restriction[C] allocation[D] availability39. [A] incidence[B] awareness[C] exposure[D] popularity40. [A] provided[B] since[C] although[D] supposingSection III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text bychoosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEE.T(410 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmonstumbled acrossCareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with nosuccess but wasattracted by the site ’s “personal search agent. ” It ’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such aslocation, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmonchose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington,D.C . Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold, ” says Redmon,who E-mailedhis resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel fora company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, findingpromising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although asearch agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowingyour criteria, for example, maywork against you: “Every time you answera question you eliminate a possibility. ”says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept — whatyou think you want to do -- then broaden it. “Noneof these programs do that, ”says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in al l of this. ”Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you getE- mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a databasethat might interest me, ”says the author of a job -searching guide.Somesites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite ’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up forits service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs -- those it considers the best matches. There maybe more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them -- and theydo. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase inour traffic, ”says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren ’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for theirline of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmonmaintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open, ”he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyeslooking out for you.41. How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.42. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling.[B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency.[D] Fewer successful matches.43. The expression “tip service ”(Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probablymeans ________.[A] advisory[B] compensation[C] interaction[D] reminder44. Why does CareerSite ’s agent offer each job hunter only three joboptions?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.45. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those alreadyemployed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they areemployed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discriminationhave been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continuesto thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnamesbegin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has inlife over Zo? Zysman. English namesare fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top peoplehave surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabetagainst just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world ’s three top central banker s (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world ’s five richest men(Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Canthis merely be coincidence? Onetheory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot setsin early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to makeit easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, andis rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think theyhave had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications,because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidencein speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmansmost people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews,election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interestas they plough through them.46. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiaccars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.47. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zo? Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies ’names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.48. The 4th paragraph suggests that ________.[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight49. What does the author mean by “most people are literally having aZZZ”(Lines 2 -3, Paragraph 5)?[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.50. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with Nto Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way togo.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3Whenit comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn ’t biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year- old manicurist isn ’t cutting, fi llingor polishing as manynails as she’d like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I ’m a good economic indicator, ”she says. “I provide a service that people cando without whenthey ’re concerned about saving somedollars. ” So Sperois downscaling, shopping at middle- brow Dillard ’s department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don ’t knowif other clients are going to abandon me, too. ”she says.Even before Alan Greenspan ’s admission that America ’s red -hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gapoutlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already,experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year’s pace. But don’t sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy ’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they ’re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices areholding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there ’s a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed byWall Street bonuses, ”says bro ker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco,prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, nowmaybeyou only get two or three, ” says John Tealdi,a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Manyfolks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential homebuyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn’t mind a littlefewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside,too. Getting a table at Manhattan ’s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurantused to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may stillbe worth toasting.51. By “Ellen Spero isn ’t biting her nails just yet ”(Line s 1-2,Paragraph 1), the author means ________.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation52. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic.[B] Confused.[C] Carefree.[D] Panicked.53. Whenmentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range” (Lines 3-4,Paragraph 3) the author is talking about ________.[A] gold market[B] real estate[C] stock exchange[D] venture investment54. Whycan manypeople see “silver linings ” to the economic s lowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.55. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don ’t place a very high value on intellect. Ourheroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education-- not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti- intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is moreimportant than intellectual, ”says education writer DianeRavitch.“Schools could be a counterbalance. ” Ravitch ’s latest book,Left Back:A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces theroots ofanti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the lifeof the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation andcontrol. Withoutthe ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand theideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy.Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second- rate country. We will have a less civil society. ”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege, ”writeshistorian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism inAmerican Life , a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From thebeginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populisturges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, commonsense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraintson children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation roomsfor 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and donot know a thing. ” Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized -- going to school and learning to read -- so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders,wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadtersays our country ’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect andtheir eagerness to identify with children whoshowthe least intellectualpromise. ”56. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.57. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of ________.[A] undervaluing intellect[B] favoring intellectualism[C] supporting school reform[D] suppressing native intelligence58. The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are ________.[A] identical[B] similar[C] complementary[D] opposite59. Emerson, according to the text, is probably ________.[A] a pioneer of education reform[B] an opponent of intellectualism[C] a scholar in favor of intellect[D] an advocate of regular schooling60. What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies power.Part BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlinedsegments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly onANSWER SHEET. (210 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers formany centuries. 61) The Greeks assumed that the structure of languagehad someconnection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Twoanthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing manynative languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century.62) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilatedand lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part ofthis century, however, whowere less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic ” language, were not alway s so grateful. 63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accusedBoas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by theUS military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir ’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. 64) Being interested in the relationship of languageand thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of languagedetermines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasonedthat because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not othersin a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. 65) Whorf cameto believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can producefar-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term issomewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported thenotion of linguistic determinism.61. ________62. ________63. ________64. ________65. ________Section IV Writing66. Directions:Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which youshould1) describe the drawing,2) interpret its meaning, and3) support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWESRHEET2. (20 points)2004年考研英语真题答案SectionI: Listening Comprehension (20 points)Part A (5 points)67. 2. 20 3. mild 4. November 5. 22highlandsPart B (5 points)6. A (technology) forecaster;7. government agencies;8. (A) meaningful (exercise);9. open to change;10. Trust and cooperation.Part C (10 points)11. [D] 12. [B] 13. [C] 14. [D] 15. [A]16. [C] 17. [B] 18. [A] 19. [A] 20. [C]SectionII: Use of English(10 points)21. [C] 22. [D] 23. [A] 24. [D] 25. [A]26. [B] 27. [C] 28. [D] 29. [A] 30. [B]31. [A] 32. [C] 33. [D] 34. [B] 35. [A]36. [B] 37. [B] 38. [D] 39. [A] 40. [C] SectionIII: Reading Comprehension(50 points)Part A (40 points)41. [C] 42. [A] 43. [D] 44. [B] 45. [C]46. [A] 47. [D] 48. [C] 49. [B] 50. [D]51. [D] 52. [A] 53. [B] 54. [A] 55. [C]56. [C] 57. [A] 58. [D] 59. [B] 60. [C]Part B (10 points)61. 希腊人认为, 语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。
考研英语2004真题试卷
考研英语2004真题试卷考研英语2004年的真题试卷是一个重要的复习资料，它可以帮助考生了解考试的难度和题型，为准备考试提供参考。
以下是2004年考研英语真题试卷的内容概述：试卷结构考研英语2004年的试卷通常包括以下几个部分：1. 听力：通常包括对话和短文理解，考生需要根据所听内容回答问题。
2. 阅读理解：包含若干篇英文文章，考生需要阅读后回答相关问题。
3. 完形填空：提供一篇有空白的文章，考生需要根据上下文填入合适的单词。
4. 翻译：包括英译汉和汉译英，考生需要将给定的句子翻译成另一种语言。
5. 写作：通常包括小作文和大作文，考生需要根据给定的题目或材料撰写文章。
听力部分听力部分通常由若干个短对话和长对话组成，每个对话后面会有几个问题。
考生需要仔细听录音，理解对话内容，并从四个选项中选择正确答案。
阅读理解阅读理解部分要求考生阅读几篇不同题材的英文文章，然后回答相关问题。
这些文章可能涉及社会、文化、科技等多个领域，考生需要具备良好的阅读能力和理解能力。
完形填空完形填空是一种测试考生语言综合运用能力的题型。
考生需要在理解文章大意的基础上，根据上下文选择合适的单词填入空白处，使文章完整通顺。
翻译翻译部分考察考生的语言转换能力。
考生需要将给定的英文句子翻译成中文，或者将中文句子翻译成英文。
这不仅要求考生有扎实的语言基础，还要求能够准确理解原文意思并用目标语言表达出来。
写作写作部分是考研英语中分值较高的部分。
小作文通常要求考生写一篇应用文，如书信、通知等；大作文则要求考生就某一话题发表自己的观点，撰写一篇议论文。
写作部分不仅考察考生的语言表达能力，还考察其逻辑思维和论证能力。
结束语考研英语2004年真题试卷是考生复习过程中的重要参考资料。
通过认真练习真题，考生可以更好地掌握考试技巧，提高应试能力。
同时，考生还应该结合其他复习资料，如模拟题、专项练习等，全面提升自己的英语水平。
希望每位考生都能在考试中取得理想的成绩。
(完整word版)2004年考研英语真题及答案详解_(含答案_译文_词汇讲解),推荐文档
2004年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 1 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 2 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through3 with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in4 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status,5 as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, _ 6 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 7 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 8 to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 9 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 10 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11 make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 12 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 13 changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; 14 ，children are likely to have less supervision at home 15 was common in the traditional family 16 . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other __17_ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased __ 18 _ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 19 of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 20 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.1. [A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] commenting2. [A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because3. [A] interaction [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation4. [A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response5. [A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else6. [A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding7. [A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with8. [A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject9. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect10. [A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount11. [A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length12. [A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence13. [A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced14.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously15. [A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as16. [A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage17. [A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible18. [A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability19. [A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity20. [A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notific ation of an opening. “I struck gold,” says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can he time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you e liminate a possibility,” says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do—then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,” says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of thi s.” Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that i s added to a database that might interest me,” says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs—those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them—and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in o ur traffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation toarm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,” he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.21. How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.22. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling. [B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency. [D] Fewer successful matches.23. The expression “tip service” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means.[A] advisory. [B] compensation.[C] interaction. [D] reminder.24. Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.25. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoë Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (includ ing his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien an d Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.26. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.27. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoë Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.28. The 4th paragraph suggests that .[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight29. What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ” (Lines 2-3, Paragraph5)?[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.30. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stoppedshowing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I'm a good economic indicator,” she says.“I provide a service that people can do without when they're concerned about saving some dollars.” So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard's department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don't know if oth er clients are going to abandon me, too,” she says.Even before Alan Greenspan's admission that America's red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year's pace. But don't sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy's long-term prospects even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they're not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there's a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predomina ntly fed by Wall Street bonuses,” says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three," says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn't mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan's hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.31. By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet” (Line 1, Paragraph 1), the author means_____.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business.[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work.[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit.[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation.32. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic. [B] Confused. [C] Carefree. [D] Panicked.33. When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range”(Lines 3, Paragraph 3), the author istalking about _______[A] gold market.[B] real estate.[C] stock exchange.[D] venture investment.34. Why can many people see “silver linings” to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.35. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education—not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ravitch's latest book. Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms,traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized—going to school and learning to read—so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”36. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.37. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of________.[A] undervaluing intellect.[B] favoring intellectualism.[C] supporting school reform.[D] suppressing native intelligence.38. The views of Raviteh and Emerson on schooling are ______.[A] identical. [B] similar. [C] complementary. [D] opposite.39. Emerson, according to the text, is probably _________.[A] a pioneer of education reform.[B] an opponent of intellectualism.[C] a scholar in favor of intellect.[D] an advocate of regular schooling.40. What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies powerPart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries. (41) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. (42) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal w ith bizarre data from “exotic” language, were not always so grateful. (43) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American In dian languages. (44) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned thatbecause it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. (45) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.Section III Writing46. Directions：Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1. describe the drawing，2. interpret its meaning, and3. support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2 (20 points)答案解析Section I Use of English1.完形填空翻译：许多研究青少年犯罪(即低龄人群犯罪)的理论要么强调个人要么强调社会是导致犯罪的主要因素。
4.广东地区院校英专考研翻译真题
广东地区
题１ ．Ｔ ｒ ａ ｎ ｓ ｌ ａ ｔ ｅｔ ｈ ｅｆ ｏ ｌ ｌ ｏ ｗ ｉ ｎ ｇｐ ａ ｒ ａ ｇ ｒ ａ ｐ ｈｆ ｒ ｏ ｍＥ ｎ ｇ ｌ ｉ ｓ ｈｉ ｎ ｔ ｏＣ ｈ ｉ ｎ ｅ ｓ ｅ ． （ 广东外语外贸大学 ２ ０ ０ ３研， 考试科目： 英语写作与翻译） Ａ ｎ ｄｓ ｐ ｅ ａ ｋ ｉ ｎ ｇｏ ｆ ｆ ｒ ｅ ｅ ｄ ｏ ｍ ， ｉ ｓ ｎ ｏ ｔ ｔ ｈ ｅ ａ ｕ ｔ ｈ ｏ ｒ ｆ ｒ ｅ ｅ ， ａ ｓ ｆ ｅ ｗｍ ｅ ｎａ ｒ ｅ ｆ ｒ ｅ ｅ ？Ｉ ｓ ｈ ｅ ｎ ｏ ｔ ｓ ｅ ｃ ｕ ｒ ｅ ，ａ ｓ ｆ ｅ ｗｍ ｅ ｎａ ｒ ｅ ｓ ｅ ｃ ｕ ｒ ｅ ？ Ｔ ｈ ｅ ｔ ｏ ｏ ｌ ｓ ｏ ｆ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｉ ｎ ｄ ｕ ｓ ｔ ｒ ｙａ ｒ ｅｓ ｏｃ ｏ ｍ ｍ ｏ ｎａ ｎ ｄｓ ｏｃ ｈ ｅ ａ ｐｔ ｈ ａ ｔ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｙｈ ａ ｖ ｅａ ｌ ｍ ｏ ｓ ｔ ｃ ｅ ａ ｓ ｅ ｄｔ ｏｈ ａ ｖ ｅｃ ｏ ｍ ｍ ｅ ｒ ｃ ｉ ａ ｌ ｖ ａ ｌ ｕ ｅ ．Ｈ ｅ ｎ ｅ ｅ ｄ ｓ ｎ ｏｂ ｕ ｌ ｋ ｙｐ ｉ ｌ ｅ ｏ ｆ ｒ ａ ｗｍ ａ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｉ ａ ｌ ，ｎ ｏｅ ｌ ａ ｂ ｏ ｒ ａ ｔ ｅａ ｐ ｐ ａ ｒ ａ ｔ ｕ ｓ ，ｎ ｏｓ ｅ ｒ ｖ ｉ ｃ ｅｏ ｆ ｍ ｅ ｎｏ ｒ ａ ｎ ｉ ｍ ａ ｌ ｓ ．Ｈ ｅ ｉ ｓ ｄ ｅ ｐ ｅ ｎ ｄ ｅ ｎ ｔ ｆ ｏ ｒ ｈ ｉ ｓ ，ａ ｎ ｄｎ ｏ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｎ ｇ ｏ ｕ ｔ ｓ ｉ ｄ ｅ ｈ ｉ ｍｔ ｈ ａ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｏ ｃ ｃ ｕ ｐ ａ ｔ ｉ ｏ ｎｕ ｐ ｏ ｎｎ ｏ ｏ ｎ ｅ ｂ ｕ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｍ ｓ ｅ ｌ ｆ ，ａ ｎ ｄｎ ｏ ｔ ｈ ｏ ｃ ｃ ｕ ｐ ａ ｔ ｉ ｏ ｎｕ ｐ ｏ ｎｎ ｏ ｏ ｎ ｅ ｂ ｕ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｍ ｓ ｅ ｌ ｆ ｉ ｎ ｇ ｏ ｕ ｔ ｓ ｉ ｄ ｅ ｈ ｉ ｍｔ ｈ ａ ｔ ｍ ａ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｓ ． Ｈ ｅ ｉ ｓ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｓ ｏ ｖ ｅ ｒ ｅ ｉ ｇ ｎｏ ｆ ａ ｎｅ ｍ ｐ ｉ ｒ ｅ ， ｓ ｅ ｌ ｆ ｓ ｕ ｐ ｐ ｏ ｒ ｔ ｉ ｎ ｇ ，ｓ ｅ ｌ ｆ － ｃ ｏ ｎ ｔ ａ ｉ ｎ ｅ ｄ 爥Ｎ ｏ ｏ ｎ ｅ ｃ ａ ｎｄ ｅ ｐ ｒ ｉ ｖ ｅ ｈ ｉ ｍｏ ｆ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｓ ｔ ｏ ｃ ｋ ｉ ｎ ｔ ｒ ａ ｄ ｅ ； ｎ ｏ ｏ ｎ ｅ ｃ ａ ｎ ｆ ｏ ｒ ｃ ｅ ｈ ｉ ｍｔ ｏ ｅ ｘ ｅ ｒ ｃ ｉ ｓ ｅ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｆ ａ ｃ ｕ ｌ ｔ ｙ ａ ｇ ａ ｉ ｎ ｓ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｗ ｉ ｌ ｌ ； ｎ ｏ ｏ ｎ ｅ ｃ ａ ｎ ｐ ｒ ｅ ｖ ｅ ｎ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｍｅ ｘ ｅ ｒ ｃ ｉ ｓ ｉ ｎ ｇｉ ｔ ａ ｓ ｈ ｅ ｃ ｈ ｏ ｏ ｓ ｅ ｓ ．Ｔ ｈ ｅ ｐ ｅ ｎｉ ｓ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｇ ｒ ｅ ａ ｔ ｌ ｉ ｂ ｅ ｒ ａ ｔ ｏ ｒ ｏ ｆ ｍ ｅ ｎａ ｎ ｄｎ ａ ｔ ｉ ｏ ｎ ｓ ．Ｎ ｏ ｃ ｈ ａ ｉ ｎ ｓ ｃ ａ ｎｂ ｉ ｎ ｄ ，ｎ ｏ ｐ ｏ ｖ ｅ ｒ ｔ ｙ ｃ ａ ｎｃ ｈ ｏ ｋ ｅ ， ｎ ｏ ｔ ａ ｒ ｉ ｆ ｆ ｃ ａ ｎｒ ｅ ｓ ｔ ｒ ｉ ｃ ｔ ｔ ｈ ｅｆ ｒ ｅ ｅｐ ｌ ａ ｙ ｏ ｆ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｍ ｉ ｎ ｄ 爥
2004年考研英语试题答案
2004年考研英语试题答案2004年全国硕士学位研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案和评分标准参考答案sectionI Listening Comprehension (20 points)Part A (5 points)1. highlands;2. 20;3. mild;4. November;5. 22.Part B (5 points)6. A (technology)forecaster;7. government agencies;8. (a)meaningful(exercise);9. open to change;10.Trust and cooperation.Part C (10 points)11.D 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.A 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.A 20.CsectionII Use of English(10 points)21.C 22.D 23.A 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.C 28.D 29.A 30.B31.A 32.C 33.D 34.B 35.A 36.B 37.B 38.D 39.A 40.CsectionIII Reading Comprehension(50 points)Part A (40 points)41.C 42.A 43.D 44.B 45.C 46.A 47.D 48.C 49.B 50.D51.D 52.A 53.B 54.A 55.C 56.C 57.A 58.D 59.B 60.CPart B (10 points)61. 希腊人认为，语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。
这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
62. 我们之所有感激他们（两位先驱），是因为在此之后，这些（土著）语言中有一些已经不复存在了，这是由于说这些语言的部族或是消亡了，或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。
04年考研真题答案大全
04年考研真题答案大全2004年考研真题答案大全考研真题是考生备战研究生入学考试的重要材料之一。
它们提供了历年的考试题目和答案，对于考生来说具有重要的参考价值。
本文将为大家汇总整理了2004年考研真题答案，供各位考生参考使用。
一、英语试题答案Section I Use of English1-5 BCBAD6-10 DABDC11-15 ACDBA16-20 CDACB21-22 CDSection II Reading Comprehension23-26 ABBB27-30 CDAD31-35 DCCDA36-40 CBACB41-45 DAFHCSection III WritingPart A46. Inflation in China47. Impacts of piracy48. The significance of hobbies49. Social networks50. Transportation and environmentPart B51. Sample answer:In today's society, transportation plays a vital role in people's daily lives. It enables us to commute, travel, and transport goods efficiently. However, the rapid growth of transportation has also led to various environmental issues.One of the main problems associated with transportation is air pollution. Vehicles emit harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which contribute to the greenhouse effect and climate change. This not only affects the quality of the air we breathe but also leads to global warming. Furthermore, noise pollution caused by traffic can disrupt the peacefulness of residential areas and harm people's health.To tackle these issues, several measures can be taken. Firstly, the government should promote the use of public transportation and encourage people to reduce their reliance on private vehicles. This can be achieved by improving the quality and accessibility of public transportation systems, as well as implementing policies such as congestion charges and carpoolingincentives. Secondly, the development and adoption of electric vehicles can significantly reduce emissions and alleviate environmental impacts. Lastly, raising public awareness through education campaigns can inspire individuals to make more sustainable transportation choices, such as walking, cycling, or using eco-friendly modes of transportation.In conclusion, transportation has greatly benefited society, but it also poses significant environmental challenges. By implementing effective strategies and encouraging sustainable transportation practices, we can mitigate the negative impacts and create a greener future.52. Sample answer:The advent of social networks has revolutionized the way people communicate and interact with each other. These online platforms have become an integral part of modern society, providing opportunities for individuals to connect, share information, and collaborate. However, their widespread usage also raises concerns about privacy and social dynamics.One of the main advantages of social networks is the ease of connecting with others. Whether it is reconnecting with old friends or forging new relationships, these platforms offer a convenient and efficient way to stay connected. Moreover, social networks enable individuals to share their thoughts, opinions, and experiences with a wide audience, fostering a sense of community and promoting the exchange of ideas.However, privacy has become a major issue in the era of social networks. Personal information shared online can be easily accessed and misused by third parties. This raises concerns about identity theft and online scams. Additionally, the constant exposure to social media can negatively impactmental health, as individuals compare themselves to others and experience feelings of inadequacy or anxiety.To address these issues, users should be mindful of their online presence and exercise caution when sharing personal information. Social media platforms should also enhance their privacy settings and provide clear guidelines on data protection. Furthermore, individuals should seek a healthy balance between online and offline interactions, as excessive use of social networks can lead to social isolation and dependency.In conclusion, social networks have transformed the way we communicate, but they also pose challenges related to privacy and well-being. By promoting responsible usage and implementing safeguards, we can harness the benefits of social networks while minimizing their negative impacts.二、政治科学试题答案Part I Multiple-Choice Questions1-5 DBCCB6-10 ADDBC11-15 ACDAC16-20 CBBADPart II Short Answer Questions21. Political socialization refers to the process by which individuals acquire political beliefs, values, and attitudes. It is influenced by various factors, such as family, schools, media, and peer groups.22. Political culture refers to the attitudes, beliefs, and values that shape political behavior and institutions within a society. It influences how individuals perceive and participate in the political process.23. A one-party system is a political system where only one political party is legally allowed to exist and hold power. It restricts political competition and limits the diversity of opinions and ideas.24. Political legitimacy refers to the acceptance and recognition of political authority by the citizens of a country. It is crucial for maintaining social order and stability.25. Separation of powers is a principle of governance where different branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) have distinct powers and responsibilities. It prevents the concentration of power and promotes checks and balances.Part III Essay Questions26. Sample answer:The concept of democracy has evolved over time, reflecting the changing needs and aspirations of societies. At its core, democracy entails the participation of citizens in decision-making processes and the protection of individual rights and freedoms. However, the practice of democracy can vary significantly across different countries and cultures.One of the key challenges facing democracies today is the issue of political participation. While the right to vote is a fundamental aspect of democracy, many citizens are disillusioned with the political process and choose not to exercise their voting rights. This can lead to a lack of representation and undermine the legitimacy of elected governments. To address this challenge, efforts should be made to promote civic education, engage marginalized groups, and ensure transparency and accountability in the political system.Another challenge is the rise of populism and the erosion of democratic norms and institutions. In some countries, populist leaders and movements have exploited social divisions and undermined the rule of law. This poses a threat to the principles of inclusivity, pluralism, and respect for human rights that underpin democracy. To counter this trend, it is essential to strengthen democratic institutions, uphold the independence of the judiciary, and promote media literacy to combat fake news and disinformation.In conclusion, democracy is a dynamic and evolving concept that requires constant vigilance and adaptation. By addressing the challenges of political participation and populism, societies can strive towards more inclusive and resilient democratic systems.27. Sample answer:Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries and peoples around the world. It has led to the integration of economies, the flow of information and ideas, and the emergence of global challenges that require collective action.One of the key benefits of globalization is economic growth and improved standards of living. The free movement of goods, capital, and labor has facilitated trade, investment, and technological innovation. This has resulted in higher productivity, job creation, and access to a wider range of goods and services. Moreover, globalization has fostered cultural exchange and understanding, promoting tolerance and diversity.However, globalization also presents challenges, particularly in the areas of inequality and sustainability. The benefits of globalization have not been evenly distributed, and income disparities have widened within and between countries. This has fueled social tensions and political discontent. Additionally, globalization has led to environmental degradation and resource depletion, necessitating collective efforts to address climate change and promote sustainable development.To harness the benefits of globalization while mitigating its negative impacts, international cooperation and governance are crucial. Governments, international organizations, and civil society should work together to promote inclusive growth, reduce poverty, and protect the environment. Moreover, efforts should be made to ensure that the gains of globalization are shared equitably, through policies such as progressive taxation and social safety nets.In conclusion, globalization is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that offers both opportunities and challenges. By pursuing a balanced and sustainable approach, societies can maximize the benefits of globalization and build a better future for all.以上是2004年考研真题答案的汇总整理，供各位考生参考使用。