华北电力大学科技英语翻译汇总题库
科技英语翻译期末试题
EST TranslationⅠ. Put the following sentences into Chinese. (3’×10=30’)1.It is of great interest to study the three laws of motion.2.V oltage is equal to current multiplied by resistance.3.This battery, properly used, may last for a long time.4.It takes about 8 minutes for sunlight to reach the earth.5.The function of an antenna is to transmit or receive radio waves.6.The design and implementation of programming languages has been more art than science.7.Of all physical properties of matter, electrical resistance perhaps shows the greatest range of values.8.We are told by Ohm’s law that the current in a circuit is proportional to the applied voltage.9.This force can be resolved into two components, one of them vertical and the other horizontal.10.Potential energy is capable of being readily changed into kinetic energy.Ⅱ. Put the following sentences into English. (3’×10=30’)1.速度等于路程除以时间。
科技英语翻译考题整理
【科技英语翻译】考题整理1、The waster radiation is revolutionizing X-ray science, enabling researchers to see things on an atomic level with eyes that are a million times more powerful than ever before,这种被视为废物的辐射使 X 射线科学发声了一场革命：它使科研工作者能用眼睛看到原子级的东西，这一放大率比以往提高了 100 万倍。
2、If we had known the properties of the material, we should have made full use of it. 要是当时了解这种材料的特性的话，我们就会充分利用它了。
3 、Moving parts of a machine would wear much more rapidly without being oiled. 机器的运动部件如果不加油就会磨损的非常快。
4 、Cool slowly to minimize cracking. 要慢慢冷却，以最大限度的减少开裂。
5、Don`t let the stresses inside the material exceed the elastic limit, or else permanent deformation will result.不要使材料的应力超过弹性极限，否则会产生永久变形。
6 、Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine.应当注意机器的工作温度。
7 、Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves. 电视通过无线电波发射和接受各种活动物体的图像。
科技英语翻译练习总结(理工类)
科技英语翻译练习总结（理工类）练习1An electron beam weapon can damage or melt its target by the electrical resistance heating of the target because of the Ohm law.参考译文：根据欧姆定律，电子束武器可以借助电阻加热目标，破坏或熔化所攻击的目标。
，Such a slow compression carries the gas through a series of states，each of which is very nearly an equilibrium state and it is called a quasi-static or a ‘nearly static ‘process.参考译文：这样的缓慢压缩过程能够使这种气体经历各种状态，各种状态都很接近于平衡状态，所以称为准静态过程，或“近似静态”过程。
，静电、静力Standard temperature observations are made inthermometer shelters about 5 feet above the ground参考译文:标准气温测定是在离地面5英尺左右的百叶箱中进行的。
连词并列连接词and(和?)Certain materials such as silver and copper have many free electrons. And some materials have particularly no free electrons参考译文:有些材料比如银和铜有很多自由电子而有些材料几乎没有自由电子。
When EMF(电动势) is applied across the ends of a wire, many free electrons progress along the wire and current results.参考译文:电动势加在导线两端时,许多自由电子沿导线运动,于是/从而/所以就产生了电流We can go one step further and take the non zero slope of the actual curves into account.参考译文：我们可以更进一步将真实曲线的非零斜率考虑在内。
华北理工大学《科技翻译》2022-2023学年第一学期期末试卷
华北理工大学《科技翻译》2022-2023学年第一学期期末试卷《科技翻译》考试内容：《科技翻译》；考试时间：120分钟；满分：100分；姓名：——；班级：——；学号：——一、选择题（每题3分，共30分）1. 科技翻译中，最注重的原则是：A. 忠实原文B. 流畅表达C. 文化适应性D. 创意性翻译2. 下列哪项不属于科技文献的常见类型？A. 学术论文B. 技术手册C. 文学作品D. 专利文件3. 在翻译科技术语时，最优先的参考资源是：A. 字典B. 网络搜索C. 专业术语库D. 直觉判断4. 被动语态在科技英语中广泛使用，主要是为了：A. 增加语言美感B. 强调动作执行者C. 强调动作本身D. 节省篇幅5. 科技翻译中处理长难句的有效策略不包括：A. 断句分译B. 意译替代直译C. 生硬直译D. 调整语序6. 专利翻译要求极高的准确性，因为错误的翻译可能导致：A. 法律纠纷B. 误解技术细节C. 审美差异D. 以上都是7. 科技翻译中，数字、单位和符号的翻译应遵循：A. 原文格式B. 目标语言习惯C. 任意变换D. 两者结合，确保准确8. 哪个领域的翻译特别注重精确性和一致性，以避免技术误解？A. 文学翻译B. 法律翻译C. 科技翻译D. 商务翻译9. 下列哪项不是科技翻译前的准备工作？A. 了解背景知识B. 确定翻译风格C. 查找专业术语D. 精通目标语言10. 科技翻译中的“信、达、雅”原则中，“信”指的是：A. 语言流畅B. 风格优雅C. 忠实原文D. 创意表达二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 科技翻译的核心任务是准确传递原文中的_____和_____信息。
2. 在处理科技文献中的图表和公式时，翻译者需确保它们的_____和_____在译文中得到保留。
3. 科技术语的翻译应遵循_____原则，即术语在相同或相关领域中的翻译应保持一致性。
4. 科技翻译中的“达”要求译文表达清晰、_____，便于读者理解。
科技英语翻译考试题目
Part I: Translate the Chinese in the brackets into English. (15%)1. ____________________(爱因斯坦相对论)is the only one which can explain such phenomena.2. Rate of penetration was found to ____________________ (与……成正比) the net pressure applied by the tool.3. Being a ______________(非良导体/绝缘体), rubber is often used in cables.4. Properly speaking, ___________(并非所有的物质) exist in three states.5. An electric current produces ______________(磁场) around it.6. With the result of automation, productivity has ______________ (增加了5倍) in that factory.7. Copper and aluminum are the best conductors of electric current ______________(仅次于银).8. The neutron has __________________(既不带正电荷，也不带负电荷).9. When the water temperature is increased, it vaporized more quickly until it reaches ________（沸点）.10. A __________(变压器) is a very useful device, even though it can be sued only with alternating current.Part Ⅱ: Choose the better rendition for each of the following sentences.(20%)1.由于我在会上发表论文，如蒙介绍有关会议的详细情况，不胜感激。
科技英语翻译练习3
科技英语翻译练习3---转换法puters can provide analyses of every operation in a factory.计算机可以为工厂里的每一步操作进行数据分析。
2.We must place stress on the prevention of diseases.我们必须更加强调疾病的预防。
3.The test piece shall be of length suitable for the apparatus being used.试样应该满足使用仪器的长度。
4.Heat is a form of energy into which all other forms are convertible.热能是其他形式能可以转化的一种能。
5.The force due to the motion of molecules tends to keep them apart.由于分子运动产生的力试图让它们分离。
6.An electric current varies directly as the electromotive force and inversely as the resistance.电流的大小与电动势成正比，与电阻成反比。
7.The electrolytic process for producing hydrogen is not so efficient as the thermochemicalprocess.由电解产氢的过程没有由热化学产氢来的高效。
8.The different production cost is closely associated with the sources of power.生产成本的不同和能源有密切的关系。
9.At constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume.在恒定温度下，气体的压强和它的体积成反比。
科技英语翻译总复习题版
The rise in temperature could not have happened of itself.温度上升不可能是出于自身的原因。
Be the shape of a body complicated, it is possible to find out its volume.不论物体的形状如何复杂，人们均可求出它的体积。
The more energy we desire to send, the higher we make the voltage.要求输送的电能越多，就得使电压升得越高。
The most typical humanlike characteristic of a robot is its arm.机器人最具人性化的特点就是它的机械臂。
In our studies of the implications for the First Law, we were able to see the importance of the distinction between state and path functions.我们研究第一定律时，可以明白区分状态函数和路径函数的重要性。
The first job of an electron tube is to get the electrons apart from their nuclei.电子管的第一项工作就是使电子与其原子核分开。
That type of turbine usually rotates at a very low speed.那种汽轮机通常以非常低的速度运转。
Small objects such as dust particles and water droplets fall only small distances before losing most of their acceleration.小物体，比如尘粒和水珠，仅仅下落了一小段距离后便失去了其大部分的加速度。
英语科技翻译考试题及答案
英语科技翻译考试题及答案一、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "nanotechnology" refers to the technology that deals with structures on a scale of ________.A. nanometersB. millimetersC. centimetersD. meters答案：A2. In the context of artificial intelligence, "neural network" is a model inspired by ________.A. human brainB. computer algorithmsC. natural languageD. mechanical engineering答案：A3. The process of converting solar energy into electricity is known as ________.A. photosynthesisB. thermodynamicsC. solar photovoltaicsD. nuclear fusion答案：C4. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a quantum computer?A. SuperpositionB. EntanglementC. DeterministicD. Quantum tunneling答案：C5. The term "biotechnology" is often associated with the manipulation of ________.A. electronic devicesB. living organismsC. chemical compoundsD. geological formations答案：B6. In the field of robotics, "actuator" refers to a component that ________.A. senses the environmentB. processes informationC. moves or controls a mechanismD. stores energy答案：C7. "Internet of Things" (IoT) involves the interconnection of everyday objects, enabling them to send and receive data,which is based on ________.A. cloud computingB. artificial intelligenceC. machine learningD. traditional networking答案：A8. The abbreviation "AI" stands for ________.A. Artificial IntelligenceB. Artificial InputC. Advanced InterfaceD. Automated Interaction答案：A9. "Genetic engineering" involves the ________ of an organism's genes.A. removalB. additionC. modificationD. replication答案：C10. "Cybersecurity" is concerned with protecting ________.A. physical infrastructureB. digital informationC. environmental resourcesD. financial assets答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The smallest unit of data in computing is called a________.答案：bit2. A ________ is a type of computer system designed to recognize, interpret, and simulate human actions.答案：robot3. In computer science, "algorithm" refers to a well-defined procedure that produces an answer to a ________.答案：problem4. The study of the behavior and interactions of dispersed phase(s) in a fluid medium is known as ________.答案：fluid mechanics5. A ________ is a device that uses light to transmit information.答案：fiber optic6. The process of converting data into a format that can be easily shared or analyzed is called ________.答案：data mining7. "Virtual reality" is a computer-generated simulation of a ________ environment.答案：three-dimensional8. The ________ is a set of rules that defines how data is formatted, transmitted, received, and processed.答案：protocol9. A ________ is a type of computer program that canreplicate itself and often spread to other computers.答案：virus10. "Machine learning" is a subset of artificial intelligence that allows computers to learn from and make decisions based on ________.答案：data三、阅读理解题（每题5分，共30分）阅读以下段落，并回答问题。
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2018<科技英汉互译教程>上篇期末考试范围P.23例2This type of spring is extensively used in electrical instruments, and deserves special consideration.这种弹簧广泛应用于电工仪表中，因此值得专门考虑一下。
P.24 例3If the reaction took hours, and not seconds, the fuel costs would be prohibitive.如果这一反应要花费数小时，而不是几秒钟，燃料费就太高了。
例7Keep the batteries in dry places, and electricity may not be made to leak away.（如果）把蓄电池放在干燥的地方，就不会漏电。
这种句式中，祈使句表示条件，and后面的句子表示结果，可译为“如果……，就……”，或者“……就”。
P.25例12In other words mineral substances which are found on earth must be extracted by digging, boring holes, artificial explosions, or similar operations which make them available to us.换言之，矿物就是存在于地球上，但须经过挖握、钻孔、人工爆破或类似作业才能获得的物质。
例14The solar wind grossly distorts the earth's magnetic field, dragging it out to a long tail.太阳风使地球磁场的形状发生很大的变化，将它向外拉牵，扯出一条长尾。
译文中将分词短语译成了动词并列式分句（或后续分句），即在一个主语下使用两个或两个以上的并列动词，用逗号隔开。
P.26 例17The substitution of some rolling friction for sliding friction results in a very considerable reduction in friction.用滚动摩擦代替滑动摩擦，会大幅度减少摩擦力。
例20An understanding of the essential character of scientific investigation is best acquired from the study of a representative particular science.要了解科学研究最本质的特点，最好是对特定的典型学科进行研究。
P.27 例23The moon is a world that is completely and utterly dead, a sterile mountainous waste on which during the heat of the day the sun blazed down with relentless fury, but where during the long night the cold is so intense that it far surpasses anything ever experienced on the earth.月球完全是一个毫无生气的世界，是一片多山的不毛之地。
在酷热的白昼，太阳向它倾泻着无情的烈焰，而浸长的严寒却远远不是我们在地球上所能体验到的。
原句中含有4个分句：由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰a world；介词on+关系代词which引导的定语从句，修饰a world的同位语a sterile mountainous waste；关系副词where 引导的定语从句，也修饰a sterile mountainous waste；so…that引导的结果状语从句。
例24Computing machines are essentially machines for recording numbers, operating with numbers, and giving the result in numerical form.计算机本质上是一种记录数字、运算数字并给出数字结果的机器。
原句中有三个介词，其中介词for省略不译。
P.29 例29The ON condition makes the data equipment ready to the communication equipment to be connected to the communication channel.数据（存储）设备在接通状态时通过通道与通信设备连接。
原句中的on指设备的接通状态，使句子形象、简洁，很容易理解。
例30Then the surgeon cut him open and took out the appendix and stitched him up again医生切开他的腹部，制除了阑尾，又把他腹部缝好。
原文中使用him以全部代替部分，译为“他的腹部”为妥。
P.30 例32It is very much like communicating with an accurate robot who has a very small vocabulary and takes everything literally.这就像和一丝不苟的机器人说话，机器人只有很少的词汇，而且你怎么说他就怎么做。
原句中的robot是无生命的机器，不是人，在此采取拟人手法，用副词literally修饰，生动、形象。
P.32 例5Design is a series of operations involved in taking a product from a conceptual stage to a form that meets both company goals and customer expectations.设计是一系列的操作，包含该产品从构思阶段到同时满足公司目标和客户期望的结构样式。
例8After the spring has been close to its solid height, the compressive force is removed.弹簧被压缩到接近并紧高度（压并高度）之后就没有压力了。
原句中solid height的意思在汉译时做了技术性引中，翻译为“并紧高度”。
P.33例12Dimensioning is a complicated work and long experiences are required for the mastering of it.尺寸标注是一项复杂的工作，需要有长期经验才能完成。
英语中的动名词是由动词变形而来的，其动作性已经高度抽象化，在汉译时应该增加表动作的动词。
原句中的dimensioning就是抽象化了的动名词，在翻译时增加“进行”二字。
例14Semiconductors devices have no filament or heaters and therefore require no heating power or warmed up time.半导体器件没有灯丝，因此不需要加热功率或加热时间。
原句中的heaters属于重复性词语，在汉译时省略了heater。
例15The diameter and the length of the wire are not the only factors to influence its resistance.导线的直径和长度不是影响电阻的唯一因素。
原句中的物主代词its在汉译时省略，属于省译法。
P.34 例20As noted previously, the catalyst in the first reactor can be divided into two beds, with an intermediate liquid quench, where high reactivity of the charge makes close temperature control mandatory.前面已经指出，在电荷具有很高反应能力而必须严格控制温度的场合，第一反应器中的催化剂可以分为两层，并在中间采用液体冷却。
原句中斜体部分是where引导的地点状语。
英语中习惯将状语放在句子后面，而汉语则恰恰相反，因此，汉译时语序进行了调整，状语从句位于句首。
例21These waves, which are commonly called radio waves, travel with the velocity of light.这些电波一般以光的速度进行传播，它们通常被称为无线电波。
汉译时调整了which引导的非限制性定语从句的位置，将其放在句末单独成为一个小分句，对前面的内容进行补充。
例22To picture the stress state, select the original a reference system at the center of the contact area with x parallel to the cylindrical axes, y perpendicular to the plane formed by the two cylinder axes, and z in the plane of the contact force.为描述应力状态，选择参考坐标系，原点选在接触面的中心，x轴平行于圆桂体的轴线，y 轴垂直圆柱体轴线所形成的平面，z轴处于接触力所在的平面上。
2018<科技英汉互译教程> 中篇期末考试范围中篇第一章P.42 例5The new medicine will expire in 2 years.新药的有效期为两年。
例10The operation of a machine needs some knowledge of its performance.操作机器需要懂得机器的一些性能P.43 例17This experiment is an absolute necessity in determining the best processing route.对确定最佳工艺流程而言，这次实验是绝对必要的。
例20Employers by and large are resistant to mediation.从总体上说，雇主是抵制调解的。