雅思基础写作第一讲解析
雅思英语写作
雅思基础写作精讲班第1讲讲义基础写作基本框架Procedure of writing:How to distribute the time of 40 minutes一、议论文真题类型分类：练习题目：1. Studying the English language in an English-speaking country is the best but not the only way to learn the language. Do you agree?2. To what extent is nuclear technology a danger to life on Earth? What are the benefits and risks associated with its use?3. Describe some of the problems that overpopulation causes, and suggest at least one possible solution.4. Discuss the causes and some effects of widespread drug use by young people in modern day society. Make any recommendations you feel are necessary to help fight youth drug abuse.5. Scientific and technological advances have changed our lives. But some scientists in some fields say that scientists are not able to find solutions to the problems they havecreated. To what extent do you agree or disagree?6. Intelligent machines such as robots are increasingly being used. They can do many things that used to be done by human. Discuss the benefits and dangers.7. In order to solve the problems of traffic jam and air pollution, government is determined to raise the price of petrol. Do you believe it isthe best way? What other methods can you recommend?确定关键词Procedure of writing:How to distribute the time of 40 minutes一、议论文真题类型分类：练习题目：1. Studying the English language in an English-speaking country is the best but not the only way to learn the language. Do you agree?2. To what extent is nuclear technology a danger to life on Earth? What are the benefits and risks associated with its use?3. Describe some of the problems that overpopulation causes, and suggest at least one possible solution.4. Discuss the causes and some effects of widespread drug useby young people in modern day society. Make any recommendations you feel are necessary to help fight youth drug abuse.5. Scientific and technological advances have changed our lives. But some scientists in some fields say that scientists are not able to find solutions to the problems they have created. To what extent do you agree or disagree?6. Intelligent machines such as robots are increasingly being used. They can do many things that used to be done by human. Discuss the benefits and dangers.7. In order to solve the problems of traffic jam and air pollution, government is determined to raise the price of petrol. Do you believe it is the best way? What other methods can you recommend?雅思基础写作精讲班第2讲讲义07年真题回顾2. 真题思路扩展brainstorming（1）specific: I. from abstract to personal: air travel, oneself study—group study, fast food-traditional food （2）general: economy, environment, efficiency, safety, pleasure, science and technology避开主题句错误类型3. 确定主题句：ascertain topic sentencesI. Some mistakes of the thesis statement or topic sentences:（1）The subject of this paper will be my parents.（2）My parents have been the most influential people in my life.（3）My parents had only one child.（4）My parents helped me grow in important ways, although in other respects I was limited.4. 开始动笔写作：1. format: block,2. pencil3. handwriting: clean and clear4. time control: 34m5. 装饰和改错：decoration and correction（1）After I cashed my paycheck. I treated myself to dinner.（2）The instructor told everyone in the room to be quiet his favorite show was on.（3）How you react to the incident reveal what side you stand on.（4）The crowd has surged forward, showing their excitement.（5）There are more and more people go abroad nowadays.（6）The student who had sat down quickly put on the headphones. 雅思基础写作精讲班第3讲讲义必备模板第二种模板形式(五段式）雅思基础写作精讲班第4讲讲义Mixed typesMethod:Successful introduction:1. “Knowledge is power,” wrote Francis Bacon long ago.Today college students are hard at study to acquire all kinds of skills, such as English, computer, and driving.People, however, cannot reach a general consensus on what subjects should be attached more importance to,academic or practical.( academic subjects Vs. practical subjects) (As the old saying goes)Art is long, life isshort;(Rudyard Kipling wrote) East is east, and West is west, and never the twain shall meet!; Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother; Knowledge isa treasure, but practice is the key to it; Knowledgeadvances by steps, not by leaps; Great works areperformed not by strength but by perseverance; Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.2. What can be done to solve the problem of watershortage? Surely, modern people frequently are plagued with this question. As for me, there are three methods as followings.（the problem of water shortage）3. Is the history of no avail to modern society? Recentdiscussions concerning the function of history haveraised some very real doubts in the minds ofcontemporary people. As far as I am concerned, we can benefit a lot form the past.(whether history is useful to cotemporary society)4. A recent survey reports that there were about one thirdof college graduates who could not find an ideal job in2005. This fact prompts us to make a thorough analysis of the root reason of this alarming phenomenon.(theissue of unemployment of graduates)5. It is generally agreed that the main responsibility ofteachers is to pass on knowledge to students. As a result, if students can do well in academic subjects, theirteachers are qualified enough. However, I assert thatassisting students in distinguishing right from wrong is more significant for teachers.(the relationship between students and teachers)6. With the development of computer technology, books, asa traditional medium, are more and more challenged.Many libraries are faced with such a dilemma, whether they should invest on computers or on books. With every aspect taken into consideration, I believe that to invest on computers would be a better choice.(investment inbooks or computers for a library)Successful body:1. One main reason for water shortage is lack of theawareness of water conservation. For example, moreoften than not we can come across such a phenomenon that a person turns a faucet on and forgets to turn it off.Precious water has been totally squandered. （theproblem of water shortage）2. Smoking should be banned without any hesitation for it israther detrimental to people’s health. Cigarette smokecontains nicotine, several cancer producing or irritatingsubstances and carbon monoxide gas. Damage to the lining of the bronchial tubes is much more among cigarettesmokers than non smokers, even when there is no obvious disease. Some of these changes are considered to bepre-cancerous. Lung function is generally reduced among cigarette smokers. Cigarette smoking is a greater hazard than other factors---such as community air pollution—in the causation of lung cancer and chronic bronchitis.(nosmoking)3 Due to great strides of modern technology, dramatictransformations have taken place in our life. In the past, if we were anxious to contact friends, we had to drop in on them in person, which was inconvenient andtime-consuming. Now, fashionable cell phones can be an efficient bridge between acquaintances.(the benefit of modern technology)4. There are a lot of benefits of raising dogs. First, dogscontribute to the health of their owners. Often theirdemands for walks and play improve their owner’sexercise routine. In fact, statistics show that dog owners get more regular exercise than non-dog owners do. Also, they enhance health simply be being around to bepetted. Second, they provide a means for parents toteach their children responsibility. When parents givechildren a dog, they provide them the opportunity tofulfill the responsibilities of walking, feeding, and caring for its other needs. Finally and most important of all,dogs enhance the well-being and emotional stability of families. Older people who live alone especially rely on dogs to give them enjoyment and company. Childrenalso find a great deal of comfort in their dogs. As anexample, a family dog helps a little boy adapt when his mother leaves him with a sitter and goes towork..(advantage of keeping pets)5.lot of advantages. Firstly, after three or four years ofschooling, students can undoubtedly acquire valuableexpertise, which is essential to their future jobs. As weknow, through compulsory and optional courses,students lay a solid foundation in a particular field andare confident to solve the relevant problemsconfronted.(benefits of college education)6. By contrast, the opponents argue that its drawbacksshould not be ignored. For one thing, some existingmajors are so out of date that they serve no purpose for the future job. In such a dilemma, there is no doubt that graduation means exactly unemployment. If whatstudents learn in colleges is only theoreticalargumentation definitely unconnected with reality, what is the point in wasting such prime time? (drawbacks of college education)Successful conclusion:1. The extinction of species, the shortage of lumber anddrug ingredients, the reduction of oxygen and theincrease of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere all signal that we cannot afford to lose any moreforests.(protection of forests)2. To stop losing more forests, we should educate people,especially those who have destroyed and who are going to destroy forests for one reason or another, in why forestsmust exist on the earth. (protection of forests)雅思基础写作精讲班第5讲讲义写作的素材素材Topics:1. If a five-year old commits a crime, should his/her parents have the responsibility and are punished? What is the age of a child when parents no longer bear the responsibility for children's behavior? /Unlike other countries, police in UK donot carry guns. Some think it leaves citizen unprotected, while others think it reduces the overall violence in our society. Discuss both the views.2. We know that university graduates should earn higher salary than less well-educated members, so in this way they should pay all the full cost. /Quality of people that we need in our society can’t be learned in universities and other academic institutions. To what extent do you agree or disagree?3. International tourism creates tension rather than understanding between people from different cultures. To what extent do you agree or disagree?/ Government should build new buildings in a traditional way in order to protect traditional culture.4. The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the violent crimes in society. To what extent do you agree or disagree? / Billions of money is spent on the space research. Some people say that it should be spent on improving the living standard of the people on the earth. Do you agree or disagree?5. Wild animals have no place in the 21st century, and the protection is a waste of resource. Agree or disagree? /Some people think killing animals for food is cruel and unnecessary and some people think is essential for dairy diet. To what extent what do you think about the both issues?6. Nowadays motorized flight is considered as the most important and influential invention in the world. Not any other invention has such a significant impact on our lives. Agree?/ Maintaining public library is a waste of money, because computer technology has already replaced its function. Do you agree or disagree?7. Traffic and housing problems in major cities could be solved by moving large companies and factories with their employees to the countryside. To what extent do you agree or disagree?/ The environmental problem is so serious to most countries and individuals that it needs the international cooperation. Do you agree or disagree?8. Mass media have a significant influence on our life and this is a negative development. Do you agree or disagree?/ Do thenegative effects of some international media such as TV and magazine for example overweigh the positive effects?Topic Word:I.1. society: Society is flooded with unhealthy substance in the mass media, such as violence and pornography, therefore having inevitably downside effect on people, Citizens are preoccupied by money worship to make profits by hook or by crook; parents never discipline children strictly, divorce rate rockets, children are in need of solicitude, youngsters fall victim to prevalent domestic violence and are prone to aggressive impulse; students are heavily encumbered by knowledge acquisition, psychological education has been neglected, confronted with frustration, children have no efficient outlet to alleviate stress.素材（2）犯罪处罚2. Government should mount a crackdown on crime and bring criminals to justice, the aim is to reform those who have gone astray, offenders can turn over a new leaf and are endowed withproficiency in a particular line, inferiority complex and psychological shadow should be avoided, delinquents harbor vengeful sentiments against others and society as a whole, lawbreakers resume committing crimes or committing suicide.II.1. students can acquire academic qualification, learners can develop expertise, pupils have practical ability to apply what they have learned to society; campus and dormitory life instill discipline into students, living together can cultivate cooperation and strengthen the skill of interpersonal relationship, learners get tolerant of others, schooling can help students tell right from wrong2. course framework ought to be more flexible, such as more optional subjects rather than compulsory ones, interests can be aroused, subjects are practical and related to future jobs, learners should be more motivated, they have convenient access to relevant information of majors.III.1. advantage: cultures are mutually beneficial, theycan pool and share resources, the platform of exchange of ideas will assist diverse countries in comprehending actual state of affairs of distinct cultures, globalization will facilitate mutual understanding and dispel misunderstanding; disadvantage: the conflict between mainstream and marginal cultures will result in lesser-known cultures on the verge of extinction, the world is turned into a similar and monotonous entity.2. tradition is precious and unique, it symbolizes identity of a nation, people in the homeland are bristled with pride, for example, Forbidden City, fantastic buildings witness resplendent culture of feudalism, the Bastille, time-honored prison appreciates glorious history of French Revolution; peaceful coexistence between tradition and modernity should be guaranteed, tradition serves as places of tourist interests and boost the development of economy, we can invest money in the conservation of tradition and promote the education of protecting tradition.雅思基础写作精讲班第6讲讲义第四大主题1. the ultimate purpose of government is to serve the people, dispelling adverse substance is the obligation, authority should make overall planning and give consideration to the interests of all sides in adopting policies, it can exercise executive power if necessary.V.1. animals are in an unfavorable situation, they are entitled to the right of subsistence and deserve impartial treatment, it is unjustifiable to expropriate the right of living,2. humans enjoy the right of priority, in medical field, human beings can carry out clinical experiment on laboratory animals, they can achieve breakthrough in medical treatment, vivisection is justifiable.3. a reciprocal relationship is strongly recommended, equilibrium in biosphere and harmonious development can be beneficial to each other, they are indispensable to each other,1. white-hot technology transforms the life of drudgery into a convenient and comfortable one, entertainment at a finger’s click is not beyond our wildest dream, the means of communications, traffic, and information have been changed dramatically, humans are more confident about the future2. people adhere to hedonist philosophy and become indolent, declined ability is accompanying the progress; humans are heavily dependent on modern science, they become alienated, environment falls victim to advance of science and technology, environmental pollution has been aggravated.素材7VII.1. modern society are flooded with one-off products, such as chopsticks, shopping bags, and purified water bottles, some of them are non-biodegradable, industry, fossil fuel in industrial development is widely applied, petrol, coal, gas, the increase of carbon dioxide leads to global warming and air pollution, it will deplete ozone layer, farming, fertilizer andpesticide give rise to erosion of soil.2. government should pursue strict policy and popularize biodegradable packaging, coordination should be ensured among various countries, education will fire the masses with enthusiasm for environmental protection.VIII.1. Readers are thoroughly informed of current affairs, they can have access to up-to-date information and enjoy the right to know the truth, the freedom of speech will be guaranteed.2. Because of lack of professional ethics, shameless and unscrupulous journalists always carry gloomy news, such as murder, to promote circulation, paparazzo(singular), hordes of paparazzi(plural), invade privacy, chequebook journalism leads to sham news, the mass media follow the fashion and pander to the low taste, it encourages vulgar interests雅思基础写作精讲班第7讲讲义写作中必备的词汇和句式词汇和句式：第一:1.appalling/drug-related/commit/tackle crime, turn to crime: bored youngsters turn to crime. hardened criminal, teach criminals salutary lessons, unwilling victims, fall victim to,2.decent education, enter higher education, education authority, education resources, encyclopedic knowledge, broaden knowledge,3. alien/indigenous/dominant/mainstream culture, assimilate the culture, experience culture shock, a mutual exchange of ideas, facilitate communication, eco-friendly tourismernment agency/backing, guarantee equality, maximize efficiency, supplement meagre income,5.prove medically beneficial for human beings, endangered animals, laboratory animals, slaughter animals,6. white-hot technology, communication/telecommunications technology, treat the world with difference,7. safeguard the environment, damage the environment, environment issues/protection, pollution of the environment, fragile balance, sit in traffic jam, strike a balance8.tabloid journalism, fashion/literary/science journalism, the world of journalism, information bombard, create serious disturbance to people, accurate information, misleading advertisements, classified advertisements,第二：1. give rise to/lead to/arouse a heated discussion/perplexity; when it comes to.., it is commonly believed that…; one indisputable fact is that….;it goes without saying that…; it cannot be denied that…; recently, …has been brought into focus; with the rapid of development of…, …has gained an ever-increasing popularity in modern people’s life;…..is not strange to modern people.I assert…; in my opinion…; what I emphasize is that…;2. the reasons are multiple, it is manifest that…., it is conceded that…, in other words, that is to say, for example.3. from what has been discussed above…, taking into account all the points.., from the above-mentioned facts,.. I am convinced that..第四种词汇第三：alarming issue/ thorny problem, crucial reason/contributing factor, profound impact/ disruptive influence, charismatic culture/ time-honored tradition, beneficialinterest/spectacular result, persistent effort/genuine dilemma, pollution prevention/prevailing attitude, efficient solution/mass production, harmoniousrelationship/sustainable development, rosy picture/ monotonous routine, infallible methodology, severepenalty/impending crisis, draconian measure/appropriate punishment, widespread phenomenon/current situation, rampant corruption/petty crime, improperly undoubtedly, inevitably, indiscriminately, absolutely, responsibly第四：1.In addition/additionally: Computers provide efficient work. In addition, they make our life more colorful.Furthermore/further: This method can, furthermore, be used in environmental protection. Moreover: private cars are cheap and, moreover, it can improve our life. In other words: Killing live animals is cruel, a murder in other words.2． Hence: The cost of transport is a major expense for a person. Hence job location is an important consideration. Consequently: Globalization is a widespread phenomenon and consequently the domestic culture has been affected. Thereupon: Nature will revenge on humans. Thereupon people begin to realize the power of nature.3．Whereas: Smoking is something personal whereas it will affect others’ right. Conversely: S ome policemen prefer to carry guns when on duty; conversely others are reluctant to do that.4．Although/though: Although some young men really have no idea of what a new culture is, they absorb it without any reservation. Granted: Granted that the deed is not perfect, the disadvantages are outweighed by the advantages.5. for example, specifically: Specifically, the departmentwanted answers to the following questions.6. On condition that: Television enrich our lives a lot on condition that we are not addicted to it. Given that: Given that pets have become an indispensable part of some people’s life, the key is to coordinate the relationship between them.雅思基础写作精讲班第8讲讲义第六种词汇positive words:1. strive for a harmonious society/greater efficiency/striveto do something争取2. take suitable/timely steps to address this problem.采取合适/及时的措施3. top the central government's agenda.位于…最重要的位置4. assist sb in sth.在…方面帮助5. play an increasingly more integral role in wealthdistribution.起到越来越整体的作用6. contribute to sth/doing做出贡献7. implement the policy执行8. exert a positive/baneful effect on9. embark on reform and opening开始做…10. t ake initiative to eliminate negative effects.主动做…11. l aunch a spate of stringent measures发动，采取12. n avigate one’s way through the difficult situation.通过13. P roblems triggered by income composition are easy toresolve.解决/ muster enough resolve to quit smoking.鼓起勇气/Distribution of wealth is tainted and distorted by corruption must be redressed.纠正14. P roblems arising from development-based factors can berelieved and eased.减轻/ improve and ease减轻 thedifficulties and frustrations faced by travelers15. e liminate/ weed out 消除the structure of unscientificdesign.16. u tilize利用 their rich resources.17. i mprove/upgrade/optimize改善 the conditions18. f acilitate 推动the country's future sustainabledevelopment.19. b oost 推进the employment20. s houlder 承担起greater social responsibilities/bridge 消除，减少the cultural differences./ sth is mirrored by被反映21. m ake a difference有很重要的作用22. a vail oneself of something利用23. a bide by traffic rules遵守24. e nhance their job opportunities/enrich one’s life丰富，提高25. a spire to careers in finance/aspire to study abroad努力想要26. v oice their support for the movement表示了27. m ake efforts to do努力做事情28. h elp with 帮助weight loss and control; improve 改善fitness; reduce 减少stress, and of course save 节省money on petrol and parking.29. m inimize 减轻air and noise pollution, traffic accidents,oil consumption, road repairs and beautifies cities. 30. T hose measures, coupled with 与…一起advanced science andtechnology, will be taken without any delay.31. H ouse prices will start to calm down, saving the sector.下降32. T he current campaign to curb控制 the use of tobacco shouldbe stepped up.加速33. n urture/ cultivate a great number of learned people/培养，培育34. F igures released 公布on World No Tobacco Day serve as asource of frustration for everyone who wants to curb smokingin China.35. a slew of/a spate of/ a skyrocketing number of多数量第五：negative words:1. fail to do没能做…2. be a heache to…对于..是个难题3. pose a potential threat to residents' health.有潜在的威胁4. mean a formidable battle to do艰苦的斗争5. is now confronted with the same question that haunts/ beplagued with/be afflicted with (overpopulation/youth drug abuse/traffic accidents) 受到…问题的困扰6. be detrimental to sth对..有害7. focus attention on/bring something to somebody's attention引起…注意8. be blind to this point注意不到，忽视9. be of no avail没有用处10. crack down on(严厉的处罚) smoking in public places andpenalize(处罚) those who sell cigarettes to juveniles.11. exert a negative effect on sth有负面的影响12. exacerbate income disequilibrium/ The situation wascompounded by…加剧了13. squander natural resources浪费14. deprive sb of sth剥夺15. We believe that car tax should be scrapped.废除16. If it is hard to rein in控制17. The move has aroused controversy引起争论18. Apart from that, numerous factors are to blame for thecurrent situation. 责备19. We must stop pampering children纵容20. take various measures to tackle such malpractices处理玩忽职守21. Air pollution has turned into a major hazard affecting urbanresidents' quality of life. 巨大的危险影响了.22. an apparent total lack of明显的完全缺乏23. social and economic disequilibrium/ gauge(衡量) incomeinequality/disparity不平衡24. the severity of the pollution levels严重性25. lung damage and respiratory problems肺部损害以及呼吸问题26 be mind-boggling/ a problem of mind-boggling complexity令人难以置信的27. People cannot help but wonder why efforts to cut the numberof smokers have proven to be so futile. 没有效果的28. Smokers are six times more likely to be infertile（不生育的）and have a greater chance of becoming disabled,（残疾的） while women who smoke have a higher chance ofcontracting（得…病） breast cancer.29. looming environmental and public health disaster逐渐显现的30. leave others to the mercy of market forces受到..控制31. The abuse（滥用） of power for financial gain veils behind(隐藏)monopolies32. a hard nut to crack is that..困难是…33. Emissions from car exhausts have been found to be one ofthe major sources of urban air pollution. 尾气的排放34. carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide二氧化碳，一氧化碳35. We have no reason to be optimistic about the improvementof urban air quality. 对..不乐观第六：同义必备词：66. youth, teenager, minor, fledgling67. the old, elderly, grizzled, grey-headed68. conserve, preserve保存，如：We must conserve our waterresources for future generations.69. assure, ensure(insure), guarantee, pledge, avouch保证，如：Government should assure consumers of the quality of commodities. /It is important to insure that universities have enough funds to carry out important research inscience subjects./ The law guarantees equal rights for men and women./ The new government pledged to reduce crime./ Some criminals avouched that they themselves wereinnocent.70. Ideal, aspiration(beyond normal expectation), ambition(aparticular end)理想，雄心71. compare with/to, contrast, analogize(elaboration on thefunction of families in social life, sociologists like to analogists them to the cells of a human body.) 比较72. change, alter, modify(change of function), convert into,transform(appearance),改变73. argue, controversy(long-continued argument),dispute(angry manner), debate(formal argument)争论74. standard, criterion, gauge, yardstick标准75. inevitable, inescapable, unavoidable难免76. wealth, property, assets, fortune财富77. attend, take part in, participate in(formal), partake in,join in,参与。
雅思A类写作讲义
雅思A类写作讲义第一讲雅思高分写作思路总览雅思写作高分：7分或7分以上第一节的内容：1．雅思写作的整体介绍2．高分写作的要求3．解决问题的方案4．课程的总览一．雅思写作的整体介绍General Introduction听力、阅读考试之后60分钟Task 1 and Task 2A类和G类的区别：task 2 议论文task 1 A：图表作文G：书信评分：以Task 2 为主二：高分写作的要求评分标准：Vocabulary and Sentence Structure(词汇与句子结构)Arguments, Ideas and Evidence(论证，论点和论据)Communicative Quality(交流质量)Vocabulary and Sentence Structure(词汇与句子结构)1.避免使用过于低级的单词The problem becomes worse by the poor effects we made.The problem was compounded due to the ineffective measures we had taken.They claim that sports lead to competition rather than cooperation is only an incorrect argument. The claim that sports lead to competition rather than cooperation is only a lame argument. People face violence and crimes on TV and films every day.People are bombarded by violence and crimes on TV and films every day.The kind of growth may lead to very bad results.The kind of growth may lead to dire consequences.consequence:far-reaching（深远的）, profound（深刻的）, adverse（不利的）, catastrophic（灾难的）, damaging（破坏性的）, devastating（破坏性的）, dire（可怕的）, disastrous（灾难的）, fatal（致命的）, tragic（悲惨的）, severe（严重的）,2.避免过分重复同一样的单词Mothers enjoy the same right for career advancement as fathers do.Mothers are just as entitled to career advancement as fathers.Mothers are empowered to career advancement as fathers.3.尽可能展示多变的句型定语从句：China is the largest developing country and is enjoying rapid economic growth. As a result, in the streets of major cities in China, there are thousands of vehicles of all kinds.As the largest developing country, China is enjoying rapid economic growth, the evidence of which can be seen in all major cities whose streets are teeming with thousands of vehicles of all kinds.倒装句：Young people are so impulsive and easily influenced that they are constantly tricked by advertisement in all forms of media.Impulsive and easily influenced as young people are, they are constantly tricked by advertisement in all forms of media.伴随状语：It is common now for kids to spend six and a half days in school each week because they have to sit through one extra class after another.It is common for kids to spend six and a half days in school each week, sitting through one extra class after another.设问句：Even if machine translation were able to eradicate all the language barriers between peoples, learning foreign languages still make sense.Even if machine translation were able to eradicate all the language barriers between people, would there be no point in learning foreign languages? By no means.Arguments, Ideas and Evidence(论证，论点和论据)Some people think that in order to improve the quality of education, high school students should be encouraged to evaluate and criticize their teachers, but other people maintain that such evaluation and criticism may cause loss of respect for teachers and discipline. What do you think?有人认为，为了提高教育质量，我们应该鼓励高中生对自己的老师进行评估；别的人却认为这种评估是不尊重教师、违反学校纪律的行为。
雅思精讲写作班精讲班第1讲讲义
第一章 第一章 写作概述
60 分钟
Task 1 150w G: letter A:graph 1/3
Task 2 250w Essay
2/3
评分标准（四要素作文法）
Task
Grganization
Idea
Language
第二章 第二章 议论文----概述
一、字数、时间 250-300 words 35-40m
As one of the most important inventions of the past century, TV is playing a more and more important role in modern life. However, some people are starting to worry about its negative effects on traditional families. I am convinced that the existence of TV has brought about alienation among family members.
Those who strongly approve of the ban lay too much emphasis on the rights of nonsmokers. They ignore smokers’ rights. Smoking is just a personal hobby and amusement. It is a kind of lifestyle. It is a stress reliever and can bring great pleasure to smokers. Furthermore, for smokers, nothing seems more difficult and painful than giving up the habit.
雅思作文第一讲
• Work at home using modern technology can greatly enhance our efficiency.
动词不能做主语 Work 改为动名词 Working
• Children who are raise in impoverished families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Pay attention 搭配to Reason for… Solution to….
• The internet has instead of teachers in many classrooms.
• Instead of 可以是副词 或连词，但不是动词。 动词“替代”是replace 或者supplant 用replaced 或者 supplanted 代替 instead of
并列句 主谓宾+主谓宾 and/or/but
• Poor students behaviour seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyles are responsible for this. • How these things interact is still unknown today and they remain largely unpredictable in a person’s life.
区分三种句子：简单句、并列句、 复杂句
• 简单句 只含主谓宾成分。 而当谓语是不及 物动词（只能单独使用，不可以接宾语的 动词）的时候，简单句就是 主语+谓语 • People hold different views on this issue. • The value of experiments is not limited to sciences. • 简单句在雅思作文里，常常用于TOPIC SENTENCE ，和分论点，简单明了，突 出主题。
【写作】雅思写作第一节课课堂讲义
【关键字】写作Unit 1 雅思IELTS 考试写作简介雅思考试写作部分在听力和阅读后进行，由两部分组成，TASK1和TASK2。
要求考生在60分钟内完成两篇文章的写作。
普通培训类和学术类考生在写作的考试内容上有一些区别。
两类写作TASK2题目类型基本相同，考试的结构和要求也大体相同，要求在40分钟完成250字左右的议论文。
类似英美国家学校里任课教师布置的课堂讨论作文。
一般要求考生根据自己的知识和经验就一个现象阐明自己的态度和见解，或就一个观点发表自己赞同或反对的观点。
学术类写作TASK 1（ACADEMIC TRAINING MODULE）要求考生对题目中给出的各类图表加以观察和分析，并根据已知的图表和资料写一篇很多于150字的小短文。
考得较多的有曲线图、柱状图、饼状图、表格、饼图等。
也有可能考到两种不同种类的图。
另外，流程图和示意图也偶尔考到。
时间20分钟。
普通培训类写作TASK1（GENERAL TRAINING MODULE）则要求考生就某个假设的场景写一封信. 到目前为止，出现较多的书信种类有投诉信、请求信、建议信、寻找失物信、邀请信等。
20分钟内完成150个字的文章。
总之，就题目的难度而言，GENERAL TRAINING MODULE 普通类写作比ACADEMIC TRAINING MODULE学术类写作稍微简单一些。
评分标准The examiner reads your answer and awards band score of between 1(did not answer the question) and 9 (native speaker-like ) according to these criteria:• 1.Task Response (i.e. how fully and appropriately the candidate has answered all parts of the task; the extent to which the candidate's ideas are relevant, developed andsupported; the extent to which the candidate's position is clear and effective) • 2.Coherence and Cohesion (i.e. how well the information and ideas are organized and presented i.e. paragraphing; how well the information is linked)• 3.Lexical Resource (i.e. the range of vocabulary used, how accurately it is used and how appropriate it is for the task)• 4.Grammatical Range and Accuracy (i.e. the range of structures used, how accurately they are used and how appropriate they are for the task)The band scores are then added together divided by 3 and rounded to determine your band score for this task.Writing Overall Band = 1 / 3* Task1 + 2 / 3*Task2For example: Task1 =6Task2 =7Overall Band = 1 / 3* 6 + 2 / 3*7= 6.5Unit 2 曲线图1.描述上升的单词increase rise grow go up词汇升级：creep up ≤10 edge up 10 ease up 20boom 30 surge 45 soar 60 swell 70 escalate 80 rocket 902．描述下降的单词decrease drop decline fall go down词汇升级：creep down ≤10 edge down 10 ease down 20ebb 30 subside 45 slump 60 collapse 70 plunge 80 plummet 903．描述波动的单词fluctuate --- fluctuation go up and down rise and fall例：Sales of Computers 1995There was a slight growth in the sales of computers from Jan to Feb. However, they increased dramatically to a peak in the next month. After that, there was a downward trend in sales between Mar and Aug, which leveled off by the end of Dec.Task 1每部分的结构:例题分析example 1WRITING TASK 1You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the number of passengers in a London underground station at different times of the day.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.Number of passengers at a London underground stationThe line graph illustrates the fluctuation in the number of people at a London underground station over the course of a day.开头段三种万能方法：①改单词②换句型③加信息The busiest time of the day is in the morning. There is a sharp increase between 06:00 and 08:00, with 400 people using the station at 8 o'clock. After this the numbers drop quickly to less than 200 at 10 o'clock. Between 11 am and 2 pm the number rises, with a plateau of just under 300 people using the station.In the afternoon, numbers decline, with less than 100 using the station at 4 pm. There is then a rapid rise to a peak of 380 at 6 pm.After 7 pm, numbers fall significantly, with only a slight increase again at 8pm, tailing off after 9 pm.Overall, the graph shows that the station is most crowded in the early morning (around 08:00) and early evening (around 18:00) periods.例题分析2:Sample 2WRITING TASK 1---“例2”You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the annual amount of fish caught in North America from 1972 to 2000. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.line graph with two linesThe graph reveals changes in fish catches for the US and Canada over the last 30 years. Between 1975 and 1981, US fish catches averaged between 2.5 and 2.75 million tons per year, while Canadian landings fluctuatedbetwee n 600,000 and 900,000 tons. …In 1981, however, there was a significant increase in fish caught in the US, and this rise continued and peaked at 5.6 million tons in 1991. During the same period, Canada's catch went up from 1 million tons to 1.6 million tons, a growth of over 50%.From 1991 onwards, a sudden decline in fish catching was reported in both countries. US figures plummeted to 4 million tons in 2001, a drop of 28%, and Canadian catches plunged to 0.5 million tons, a decrease of 66%. In the following four years, US catches remained stable at 4 million tons, while Canadian catches rose and fell around the 0.5 million tons mark.In general, fish catches have declined drastically in both the US and Canada since the early 1990s. Although Canadian production was much lower, it echoed US figures, declining or increasing at the same rate.习题③You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.The line chart illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken and fish consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004.In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week. Lamb and chicken were eaten in similar quantities (around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed (just over 50 grams)However, during this 25-year period the consumption of beef and lamb fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively. The consumption of fish also declined, but much less significantly to just below 50 grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were the most stable.The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989. By 2004 it had soared to almost 250 grams per person per week. Overall, the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreased over the period.此文档是由网络收集并进行重新排版整理.word可编辑版本！。
雅思写作讲座(新航道)lesson 1
Requirements
1. 认真阅读历年真题 2. 对应相应不太会写的内容做提纲训练 3. 写作文后自己修改 （语法，词汇）-先质后量 4. 教师批改后自己再次修改 5. 在复习时候，应该针对话题然后按照题型训 练
WRITING
雅思写作的训练方法
（1）精读 （2）互译 （3）改写
何为模板？
有用网站
一. TR（Task Response任务反应情况） 二. CC（Coherence& Cohension连贯和衔接）
三. LR（Lexical Resources词汇资源）
四. GR&A（Grammatical Range& Accuracy语法 范围和精确度）
WRITING
英文写作的特点：(第一条评分标准）
IELTS WRITING：TASK II
低于Band 5的六种技术情况：
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 没有完成写作任务 格式错误 字迹模糊，难以辨认 Task 1和Task 2写反 攻击考官
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
不能缩写 不能格式混乱 不能使用口语化词语 不能英式英语美式英语混用 while 的用法 字迹模糊，难以辨认 Task 1和Task 2写反 题型判断错误
IELTS WRITING：TASK II
三. LR（Lexical Resources词汇资源） 正式，准确，多样 四.
GR&A（Grammatical Range& Accuracy语法 范围和精确度） 准确，多样，时态，简单句+复杂句
四大问题
语 法
注意!!!
词汇 搭配
组织 逻辑 写作技巧
中式思维 中式语序 中式表达方式
雅思写作第一讲
雅思写作第一讲：雅思写作简介+评分标准+如何写作首段1 雅思写作简介（20minute）task1+task2（小作文+大作文）task1（至少150words，20minutes）task2 （至少250words，40minutes）雅思评分标准讲解Task Response(任务完成情况）Coherence and Cohesion（逻辑）Lexical Resource（词汇量）Grammatical Range and Accuracy（语法）2 雅思写作题型以及提问方式简介（20minute）议论文题型介绍（三种提问方式）1 Advantage & Disadvantage2（To what extent) Do you agree or disagree?3 Discuss both views and give your opinion•说明文(提问方式）causes、solution、influence1 What are the reasons? Who should take responsibility fordealing with it?Opening Sentence 三种常见写法(40minutes)eg:Discuss the advantages and the disadvantages of the mass media.1. 开门见山,直接入题a. Recently, it has been a hot-debated issue about the how to evalute theadvantages and disadvantages of mass media in our daily life.b. There is much discussion about the influence of mass media on our dailylife.c. There has long been a debate about how to view the influence of the massmedia on our life.2. 因果分析入题With the development of the science and technology, mass media is playinga increasingly important role in our daily life.3 转折对比入题Although mass media plays a vital role in delivering effective information in our daily life, its advantages and disadvantages are controversial issuesamong the public. / its advantage and disadvantages have spurredhot-discussion among the public.Although it is commonly believed that mass media plays a crucial role in delivering effective news, this is actually not the case.Although many people subscribe to the belief that media plays a crucial role in delivering effective news, we need to clear up the disadvantages and advantages of it.。
雅思基础写作第一课
雅思基础写作第⼀课雅思基础写作第⼀课1.经常做运动会提⾼⼈的⾃信（self-confidence)Regular exercise can increase one's self-confidence.2.依赖计算器会影响⼈的⼼算能⼒（calculator/ mental arithmetic）Relying heavily on calculators will have a negative impact on mental arithmetic.3.很多⼥孩都不愿意在男⼈居多的⾏业⾥（male-dominated world）找⼯作Many girls are not willing to seek employment in a male-dominated world.4.家长和⽼师应该努⼒去减少⼩孩看电视的时间。
（make an effort to）Parents and teachers should make an effort to limit children’s screen time.5.艺术不属于学校的主科。
(core subject)The arts are not among core subject areas at school.6.农村的失业问题在某种程度上可以通过城乡转移（rural-to-urban shift）解决。
Unemployment in rural areas can be addressed partially by the rural-to-urban shift.7.⼴告能诠释已给商品，这使得家长们能更全⾯的了解商品。
Advertisements have given a lot of information about products, which can help parents to make well-informed buying decisions.8.有⼀些孩⼦对暴⼒游戏上瘾，因此，他们会变得很激进还会欺负其他的学校的同龄学⽣。
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例如：
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages about this What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of this issue?
第五类：综合类
题目中出现之前提到的两种文章组合
例如：
1）Arguments, Ideas and evidence: 内容切题，论据合理，论证充分。 不要出现跑题。 有的考生写离题了。
例：
Nowadays, international tourism is the biggest industry in the world. Unfortunately, international tourism creates tension rather than understanding between people from different cultures. Do you agree or disagree? 如果考生不懂international tourism是什么意 思的话，这道题是没法写的。
Assessment Criteria
IELTS 写作新评分标准：
GRA: Grammatical Range and Accuracy （语法范围与精确性)
语言能力
LR:Lexical Resource （词汇资源) CC: Coherence & Cohesion （内容连贯与篇章衔接）
思维能力
雅思大作文写作
考试考查点
有没有明确的中心观点 有没有证明中心观点的论据 能否充分展开论证
有没有明确的开头、正文和结尾 段落是否有明确的主题句和论证句 句子和句子之间，段落和段落之间是否有衔接
语法是否正确 句法是否成熟 选词是否得体、生动
Newspapers have an enormous influence on people’s opinions and ideas. Why is this the case and do you think it is a positive or a negative situation? 2009年3月5日 Some people think music plays an important role in society. Others think it is it is simply a form of entertainment. Discuss both sides of this argument and give your own opinion. 2009年3月7日 More and more students choose to go to another country for their higher education. Do you think the benefits outweigh the problems? 2009年3月14日
但是，雅思写作涉及的词汇量并不是大得令 人生畏，大概有六七千左右。考生万一碰到 个把单词不理解的话，完全可以通过上下文 加以推测。 对策：对于单词，考生应该平时注意积累， 应试时根据上下文推断。
Evidence(论据)： 关键要合理，并且能够证明论点。 例1：Wild animals have no place in the 21st century and trying to protect these animals is a waste of resources. Do you agree or disagree? 有同学这样写道：We can hardly imagine what our life will be like without wild animals. For example, if there is no cat, there will be more mice. The increase in the number of mice will result in the reduction of food resources and the spread of diseases. Thus, it is very important to protect animals. 这里猫的论据是不合适的，因为猫不属于wild animals(野生动物)。
TA: Task Achievement(任务完成)--1 TR: Task Response(任务回应)--2
Task 2议论文评分标准：
Arguments, Ideas and Evidence(论证，论 点和论据)； Communicative Quality(交流质量)；
Vocabulary and Sentence Structure(词汇 与句子结构)。
To what extent do you think consumers are influenced by advertisements? what measures do you think can protect them? 说明+解决方案 An increasing number of developing countries are expanding their tourist industry. Why do you think it is the case? And do you think it is positive?" 说明文+议论文 Women now can do some work which traditionally be done by men. Why do you think this changes happened? What is your opinion about this change? 说明文+议论文
第二类 议论文-同意不同意，观点比较 题目问题中出现立场性的问题
例如： What's your opinion? Do you agree or disagree? To what extent do you agree or disagree?
第三类：说明文 题目的问题当中没有立场，需要描述事实 注意关键名词， 如：advantage and disadvantage
6. The development of technology has changed the way that people interact with each other. In which ways does it change the type of relationship that people build with each other? Does this have positive or negative effect on society? 7. The subjects and course contents for children are decided by the authorities, such as the central government. Some people think that teachers should decide these for students. To what extent do you agree of disagree with this opinion? 8. The news media are increasingly influential today. To what extent do you think this is a positive development? 9. When we travel to foreign countries, we tend to see the same things as we see in our home countries. What are the causes of this phenomenon and do you think this is positive or negative? 10. Some people think that students should go to university for further education. However, some others claim that students should go to learn skills such as fixing cars or construction. What is you opinion?
雅思大作文的类型
第一大类：问题解决类
题目中的问题提及原因分析(和 “解决方 案” )
For Example: There is a higher rate of juvenile delinquency （youth crime）today. What are the causes and what are your solutions? 2009年11月7日 The resources on the earth are above a dangerous level. What the causes of this problem? How to solve this problem? The gap between the rich and the poor is widening, as the rich becomes richer and the poor becomes poorer. What are the causes of this and can you suggest some solutions. More and more children are putting on more weight than ever before. What are the causes of this and any suggestions.