哪些词可以充当雅思阅读中的“关键词”

很多同学都听说过雅思阅读的一个基本技巧---找关键词。但是对到底什么样的词是“关键词”概念却很模糊。有的同学只知道划出题里面的人名、大写、数字等非常明显的词，一旦题目中没有这些特殊词，或者有单词不认识时，就只能抱着“随缘”的态度，找一些自己认为重要的词，或者不认识的词当作关键词。但是当回到原文中寻找时，却往往找不到这些词，解题当然也就无从下手。小编来帮助大家弄清楚哪些词可以充当雅思阅读中的“关键词”，以及如何在原文中快速准确地找到关键词以确定出题位置，减轻大家的阅读压力。

首先，要明确关键词的作用是什么。关键词就是能够帮大家在原文中找到含有它们本身，或者它们的同义替换词的句子，这些句子就是出题句，确定出题句后只要认真对比阅读该句和题目，就可以顺利做出大部分的细节题。因此，找关键词其实就是找在题目中和在原文中不会有太大变化的词。根据这个原则，找句中的大写、数字、带符号的词是可以的，因为这些词往往是专有名词，在原文中必然不会有变化。但是，这些词并不会在题目中频繁出现，事实上，大部分题目中的词看起来都非常“正常”，那这种时候如何确定关键词呢?---根据词性。也就是看哪种词性的词最不可能出现大的变化，就可以用哪种词来定位。在名词、动词、形容词和副词这最基本的四大类词中，动词的同义词非常多，比如，表达“增长”这一动作的就可以有increase、grow和rise等好几个同义词，能够在原文中看到和题目中一模一样的动词的几率非常的小，所以一般情况下动词并不能够作为关键词;再来看形容词和副词，这两种词是分别用来修饰名词和动词的，而同样表达一个修饰的概念，也可以有很多不同的说法，比如，表达“好”这一简单的概念就可以有good、wonderful、perfect、extraordinary等很多种说法，而且有时修饰成分甚至可能在原文中被省略，因此，形容词和副词也不能很好的帮助我们在原文中定位;最后就剩下一种词性---名词，名词即是某种物

体的名字，俗话说“行不更名，坐不改姓”，所以物体的名字发生改变的情况很少，也就是说如果我们想在原文中找到一个和题目中一样的名词，几率还是非常大的。现在我们可以得出一个结论：在句子中没有特殊词的情况下，名词是最好用的。

在确定了什么样的词可以充当关键词后，我们就可以开始解决第二个问题：如何在原文中快速准确的找到关键词，从而定位到出题句。好多同学都会遇到这样一种情况，在题里面找到了一个人名或名词，比如Jonson，于是很开心的回原文中开始找，结果发现Jonson 在原文中到处都有，还是无法准确定位到某一句。造成这一窘境的原因是，一个词可能在原文中出现很多次，根据“两点定一线”的原则，至少要在原文中同时找到题中的两个关键词，才能锁定到原文中的某一句。

最后，我们来总结一下：首先，最基本的关键词分两种，第一种是特殊词，包括大写单词、数字、带符号的词等;第二种，当句子中的词都很平凡时，最好用的词为名词。其次，为了能够准确的锁定到原文中的某一句，至少要在题目中同时找两个关键词才可以。到此为止，我们已经明确了关键词的基本概念，需要同学们进行实践，多加练习才能尽快掌握。

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雅思阅读同义替换词大总结 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998

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