大脑词汇翻译(整理)
大脑及发育的词汇中英对照
大脑及发育的词汇中英对照小编为大家整理了大脑及发育的词汇中英对照，希望对你有帮助哦!大脑及发育的词汇中英对照：dorsal root 背根nerve 神经ventricle 脑室cerebellum 小脑cortex 皮质又称“皮层”。
cerebral cortex 大脑皮质neocortex 新皮质white matter 白质gray matter 灰质frontal lobe 额叶prefrontal cortex 前额皮质premotor area 运动前区motor area 运动区Broca's area 布罗卡区temporal lobe 颞叶auditory area 听觉区auditory center 听觉中枢parietal lobe 顶叶central sulcus 中央沟occipital lobe 枕叶visual area 视觉区visual cortex 视觉皮质association area of cerebral cortex 大脑皮质联合区association fiber 联合纤维limbic system 边缘系统hippocampal formation 海马结构hippocampus 海马olfactory area 嗅觉区cingulate gyrus 扣带回amygdala 杏仁核septal area 隔区medial forebrain bundle 内侧前脑束olfactory tract 嗅束commissural fiber 连合纤维corpus callosum 胼胝体basal ganglia 基底神经节diencephalon 间脑thalamus 丘脑hypothalamus 下丘脑suprachiasmatic nucleus 视交叉上核lateral hypothalamus area, LHA 外侧下丘脑区ventromedial hypothalamus, VMH 腹内侧下丘脑pineal body 松果体pituitary gland 脑垂体pyramidal system 锥体系统extrapyramidal system 锥体外系统specific thalamo-cortical projection system 丘脑-皮质特异投射系统nonspecific thalamo-cortical projection system 丘脑-皮质非特异投射系统brain stem 脑干corpora quadrigemina 四叠体lateral geniculate nucleus 外侧膝状体核medial geniculate nucleus 内侧膝状体核formatic reticularis 网状结构cochlear nucleus 耳蜗神经核nerve cell 神经细胞nerve fiber 神经纤维nerve degeneration 神经退变neural regeneration 神经再生autonomic nervous system, ANS 自主神经系统cranial nerve 脑神经myelin sheath 髓鞘nervi olfactory 嗅神经nervi statoacusticus 听神经又称“位听神经”。
高中英语写作 每日一词 2. brain
高中英语写作每日一词从“头”学起Word 2 brainbrain n.脑; (供食用的)动物脑髓; 智力; 脑力; 逻辑思维能力;◆扩展词：brainstorm n.头脑风暴，brainwash n.洗脑◆重点词块：in one's brain 在某人脑海中rack one's brain绞尽脑汁a sharp business brain 敏锐的商业头脑◆经典例句They let our brains relax and make our school life more colorful.他们让我们的大脑放松，使我们的学校生活更加丰富多彩。
For those who work with their brains most of the day, the practice of sport is especially useful.对于那些每天大部分时间都在用脑的人来说，体育锻炼特别有用。
◆读后续写佳句My brain was messy，and I couldn't think straight.我的脑子乱成一团,已经不清醒了。
My brain is blank. I just want to leave this horrible place.我脑子一片空白。
我只想离开这个可怕的地方。
◆梯级训练1. Her __________(大脑) quickened and all her senses were alert.2. ___________. Everything is horrible.我的大脑一片空白。
一切都是可怕的。
3. As they ________________ to come up with an appropriate gift, Tim turned around and saw Nezumi on his bed.当他们绞尽脑汁想出一个合适的礼物时，Tim转过身，看到Nezumi在他的床上。
(整理)大脑词汇翻译整理.
大脑相关词汇表Aa-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸abducent nerve 展神经abstinent heroin dependent individuals (AHD) 海洛因戒断者accessory nerve 副神经acoustic tubercle 听结节Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) 酒精依赖疾患识别测验amygdala (AMY) 杏仁核angular gyrus 角回anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) 前扣带回皮层anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) 前扣带回anterior insula 脑皮层上的前脑岛anterior temporal lobe 颞叶前部arachnoid 蛛网膜area postrema 最后区；极后区arterial spin-labeled perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) 磁共振动脉自旋标记灌注成像autonomic nervous system 自主神经系axillary nerve 腋神经BBarratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) Barratt冲动性量表basal forebrain 基底前脑,basal ganglia circuits基底节环路basal nuclei 基底核basilar artery 基底动脉basolateral amygdala (BLA) 基底外侧杏仁核basolateral 基底前侧Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) 血氧水平依赖brachial plexus 臂丛brain (encephalon) 脑brain stem 脑干Ccalcarine sulcus 距状沟caudate nucleus 尾状核central nervous system 中枢神经系统central sulcus 中央沟cerebellum (CER) 小脑cerebral aqueduct 中脑导水管cerebral arterial circle 大脑动脉环cerebral cortex 大脑皮质cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液cervical plexus 颈丛cingulate gyrus (CG)扣带回common peroneal nerve 腓总神经corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus striatum 纹状体cortex (CTX) 皮质corticomedial 皮质内侧corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束cranial nerves 脑神经crus cerebri 大脑脚cuneate tubercule 楔束结节cuneus gyrus 楔回Ddeep peroneal nerve 腓深神经dendritic spines 树突刺dentate gyrus 齿状回diencephalon 间脑dopamine (DA) 多巴胺dopamine type 2/3 receptor 多巴胺2/3型受体dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex （DLPFC）背外侧前额叶dorsal lateral striatum (DMPFC) 背外侧纹状体dorsal prefrontal cortex 背侧前额叶皮质dorsal putamen 背壳dorsal striatum (DS) 背侧纹状体dorso lateral frontal cortex 背外侧额叶dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) 背外侧前额叶dorsolateral striatum (DLS) 背外侧纹状体dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) 背内侧前额叶dorsomedial striatum (DMS) 背内侧纹状体dura mater 硬脑膜Eelectroencephalography (EEG) 脑电图epithalamus 上丘脑Ffacial colliculus 面丘facial nerve 面神经Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) 尼古丁依赖量表fasciculus cuneatus 楔束fasciculus gracilis 薄束femoral nerve 股神经fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) 氟脱氧葡萄糖fornix 穹窿fourth ventricle 第四脑室frontal lobe 额叶functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 功能磁共振成像fusiform gyrus (FG) 梭状回fusiform gyrus/visual cortex (FG/VC) 梭状回/视觉皮层Gg-aminobutyiric acid (GABA) γ-氨基丁酸ganglion 神经节globus palidus 苍白球glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经glutamate 谷氨酸gracilis tubercule 薄束结节gray matter 灰质Hhealth participants (NDP) 健康人hippocampus/Para hippocampal gyrus (HIPP/PH) 海马/海马旁回hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经hypoglossal trigone 舌下神经三角hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) 下丘脑-垂体轴hypothalamus 下丘脑Iinferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚inferior colliculus 下丘inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) 额下回inferior olive nucleus 下橄榄核inferior parietal lobule (IPL) 顶下小叶inferior temporal cortex (ITC) 颞下皮层；下颞叶皮层inferior/superior parietal cortex (IPC/SPC) 上/下顶叶皮质insula (INS) 脑岛intercostal nerve 肋间神经internal capsule 内囊late positive complex (LPC) 晚正复合体lateral hypothalamu 外侧下丘脑lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系lateral prefrontal cortex 外侧前额叶lateral sulcus 外侧沟lateral ventricle 侧脑室lentiform nucleus 豆状核limbic brain circuitry 边缘系统limbic lobe 边缘叶limbic system 边缘系统lingual gyrus 舌回locus ceruleus 蓝斑longthoracic nerve 胸长神经lumbar plexus 腰丛lumbosacral trunk 腰骶干MMagnetic resonance image imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像magnetoencephalography (MEG) 脑磁描记法medial eminence 内侧隆起medial lemniscus 内侧丘系medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) 内侧前额叶皮质medial striatum 内侧纹状体median nerve 正中神经medulla oblongata 延髓metathalamus 后丘脑methylphenidate (MPH) 利他能（中枢神经兴奋药）midbrain (mesencephalon) 中脑middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) MNI坐标系motor cortex (MC) 动作皮层；运动皮层musculocutaneous nerve 肌皮神经Nnerve 神经Nervous System 神经系统neural cue reactivity (NCR) 线索诱发的神经活动neuroglia 神经胶质neuron 神经元n-methyl-Daspartic acid (NMDA) N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸nucleus accumbens (NAc) 伏隔核nucleus accumbens related circuitry 伏隔核相关回路nucleus ambiguus 疑核nucleus thoracicus 胸核nucleus 神经核Oobex 闩obturator nerve 闭孔神经occipital lobe 枕叶oculomotor nerve 动眼神经olfactory nerve 神经optic nerve 视神经opticchiasma 视交叉Orbital-prefrontal circuitry 眶前额皮层orbitofrontal cortex (OFC ) 眶额皮层;前额叶眶回Pparacentral lobule 旁中央小叶parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回parasympathetic nerve 副交感神经parieo-occipital sulcus 顶枕沟parietal lobe 顶叶periaquaeductal grey 导水管周围灰质peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统phrenic nerve 膈神经pia mater 软脑膜pons 脑桥pontine nuclei 脑桥核positron emission tomography (PET) 正电子发放断层扫描postcentral gyrus 中央后回posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) 后扣带回posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) 后颞中回；颞中回后部precentral gyrus 中央前回prefrontal cortex (PFC) 前额叶皮层premotor cortex (PMC) 前运动皮层putamen 壳pyramid 锥体pyramidal decussation 锥体交叉radial nerve 桡神经raphe nuclei 中缝核red nucleus 红核region of interest (ROI) 感兴趣脑区reticular formation 网状结构rhomboid fossa 菱形窝Ssacral plexus 骶丛sciatic nerve 坐骨神经septo-hippocampal complex海马皮层隔septo-hippocampal system 海马皮层系统solitary nucleus 孤束核somatosensory cortex (SC) 躯体感觉皮层spinal cord 脊髓spinal nerves 脊神经spinal trigeminal nucleus 三叉神经脊束核spinal trigeminal tract 三叉神经脊髓束spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束striae medullaris 髓纹substantia gelatinosa 胶状质substantia nigra (SN) 黑质，塞梅林氏神经节subthalamus 底丘脑superficial peroneal nerve 腓浅神经superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚superior colliculus 上丘superior parietal and premotor regions 高级顶叶和运动前区Superior parietal lobule (SPL) 顶上小叶superior temporal sulcus (STS) 颞上沟supplementary motor area (SMA) 辅助运动区supramarginal gyrus 缘上回sympathetic nerve 交感神经Ttelencephalon （cerebrum）端脑（大脑）temporal lobe 颞叶temporal pole 颞极temporal-parietal junctions (TPJ) 颞顶交界处temporoparietal cortex 颞皮层thalamus (THAL) 丘脑thoracic nerves 胸神经thoracodorsal nerve 胸背神经tibial nerve 胫神经tract 神经束transcoronal magnetic stimulating system (TMS) 经颅磁刺激系统trapezoid body 斜方体trigeminal nerve 三叉神经trochlear nerve 滑车神经Uulnar nerve 尺神经uncus （海马旁回）钩Vvagal trigone 迷走神经三角vagus nerve 迷走神经vegetative nervous system 植物性神经系ventral cingulate 前扣带ventral medial (PFC) 腹内侧ventral medial frontal 腹额内侧ventral pallidum (VP) 腹侧苍白球ventral prefrontal cortex 腹侧前额叶皮层ventral premotor cortex ( VPC ) 腹外侧运动前皮质ventral striatum (VS) 腹侧纹状体ventral tegmental area (VTAa) 腹侧背盖区ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) 腹外侧前额叶皮层ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) 腹内侧前额叶皮层ventromedial region of prefrontal cortex 前额皮质腹中区域vestibular area前庭区vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭蜗神经visceral nervous system 内脏神经系visual cortex (VC) 视觉皮层Wwhite matter 白质PreG precentral gyrus 中央前回PosG postcentral gyrusMFG 额中回superior frontal gyrusITG inferior temporal gyrus 颞下回MOG middle occipital lobule 枕中回IOG inferior occipital gyrus 枕下回IPL inferior parietal lobule 顶下小叶SMG supramarginal gyrus 缘上回FFA fusiform face area 梭状回面孔区LG lingual gyrus 舌回MNS:In humans, the mirror neuron system has two major components. One is formed by the inferior parietal lobule（顶下小叶）and the ventral premotor cortex（腹侧运动前皮层）plus the caudal part（尾部的）of Broca’s area, the other by the insula(脑岛) and anterior cingulate gyrus （扣带回）. The main visual input to the MNS originates from the posterior part of the superior temporal sulcus(颞上沟STS)。
大脑词汇翻译整理
大脑相关词汇表A354 ()α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸展神经() 海洛因戒断者副神经听结节() 酒精依赖疾患识别测验() 杏仁核角回()前扣带回皮层() 前扣带回脑皮层上的前脑岛颞叶前部蛛网膜最后区；极后区() 磁共振动脉自旋标记灌注成像自主神经系腋神经B() 冲动性量表基底前脑,基底节环路基底核基底动脉() 基底外侧杏仁核基底前侧() 血氧水平依赖臂丛() 脑脑干C距状沟尾状核中枢神经系统中央沟() 小脑中脑导水管大脑动脉环大脑皮质脑脊液颈丛()扣带回腓总神经胼胝体纹状体() 皮质皮质内侧皮质脊髓束脑神经大脑脚楔束结节楔回D腓深神经树突刺齿状回间脑() 多巴胺2/3 多巴胺2/3型受体（）背外侧前额叶() 背外侧纹状体背侧前额叶皮质背壳()背侧纹状体背外侧额叶() 背外侧前额叶() 背外侧纹状体() 背内侧前额叶() 背内侧纹状体硬脑膜E()脑电图上丘脑F面丘面神经ö() 尼古丁依赖量表楔束薄束股神经() 氟脱氧葡萄糖穹窿第四脑室额叶() 功能磁共振成像()梭状回() 梭状回/视觉皮层G()γ-氨基丁酸神经节苍白球舌咽神经谷氨酸薄束结节灰质H() 健康人() 海马/海马旁回舌下神经舌下神经三角() 下丘脑-垂体轴下丘脑I小脑下脚下丘() 额下回下橄榄核() 顶下小叶() 颞下皮层；下颞叶皮层() 上/下顶叶皮质() 脑岛肋间神经内囊()晚正复合体外侧下丘脑外侧丘系外侧前额叶外侧沟侧脑室豆状核边缘系统边缘叶边缘系统舌回蓝斑胸长神经腰丛腰骶干M() 磁共振成像() 脑磁描记法内侧隆起内侧丘系() 内侧前额叶皮质内侧纹状体正中神经延髓后丘脑() 利他能（中枢神经兴奋药）() 中脑小脑中脚() 坐标系()动作皮层；运动皮层肌皮神经N神经神经系统() 线索诱发的神经活动神经胶质神经元() 甲基天冬氨酸() 伏隔核伏隔核相关回路胸核神经核O闩闭孔神经枕叶动眼神经神经视神经视交叉眶前额皮层() 眶额皮层;前额叶眶回P旁中央小叶海马旁回副交感神经顶枕沟顶叶导水管周围灰质周围神经系统膈神经脑桥脑桥核() 正电子发放断层扫描中央后回() 后扣带回()后颞中回；颞中回后部中央前回() 前额叶皮层()前运动皮层壳锥体锥体交叉桡神经中缝核红核() 感兴趣脑区网状结构菱形窝S骶丛坐骨神经海马皮层隔海马皮层系统孤束核() 躯体感觉皮层脊髓脊神经三叉神经脊束核三叉神经脊髓束脊髓丘脑束髓纹胶状质() 黑质，塞梅林氏神经节底丘脑腓浅神经小脑上脚上丘高级顶叶和运动前区() 顶上小叶() 颞上沟() 辅助运动区缘上回交感神经T（）端脑（大脑）颞叶颞极() 颞顶交界处颞皮层() 丘脑胸神经胸背神经胫神经神经束() 经颅磁刺激系统斜方体三叉神经滑车神经U尺神经（海马旁回）钩V迷走神经三角迷走神经植物性神经系前扣带() 腹内侧腹额内侧() 腹侧苍白球腹侧前额叶皮层() 腹外侧运动前皮质() 腹侧纹状体() 腹侧背盖区() 腹外侧前额叶皮层() 腹内侧前额叶皮层前额皮质腹中区域前庭区前庭蜗神经内脏神经系() 视觉皮层W白质中央前回中央后回额中回额上回额下回颞中回颞下回枕中回枕下回顶下小叶缘上回梭状回面孔区舌回:, .（顶下小叶）（腹侧运动前皮层）（尾部的）’s , (脑岛)（扣带回）. (颞上沟)。
大脑、神经生物学词汇表
afferent fibers 传入纤维Ammom horn 安蒙氏角amygdala 杏仁核angular gyrus 角回anterior nucleus thalamus 丘脑前核arachnoid 蛛网膜arcuate fasciculus 弓状束arcuate nucleus 弓状核associative cortex 联络皮质auditory cortex 听觉皮质auditory cortex 听觉皮质anterior cingulate cortex, ACC,前扣带回Bbasal ganglia 基底神经节basal nucleus of Meynert 梅纳特基底核（无名质）basolateral nuclear group 基底外侧核群brain stem 脑干brainstem reticular formation 脑干网状结构Broca area 布洛卡区Ccalcarine fissure 距状裂caudate nucleus 尾状核central canal 中心管central sulcus 中心沟central tegmental tract 中心被盖束cerebellar folia 小脑小叶cerebellum 小脑cerebral aqueduct 大脑导水管cerebral hemisphere 大脑半球cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液choroid plexus 脉络丛cingulate cortex 扣带回皮质cingulate gyrus 扣带回cingulum 扣带circumventricular organ 室周器官cochlear nucleus 耳蜗核colliculus 丘commissure 连合corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus pineale 松果体cortcospinal pathway 皮质脊髓通路corticobulbar tract 皮质延髓束corticomedial nuclear group 皮质内侧核群corticospinal system 皮质脊髓束decussation 交叉dentate gyrus 齿状回diencephalon 间脑dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus 背外侧膝状核dorsal system of visual function 视觉背侧系统dorsal tegmental bundle 被盖背束dorsallateral pathway 背外侧通路dorsalmedial thalamus 背内侧丘脑dura matter 硬脑膜Eefferent fibers 传出纤维encephalization 脑形成encephalization index 脑化指数endocast 颅腔entorhinal cortex 内嗅皮质epithalamus 上丘脑external capsuale 外囊extrapyramidal motor system 锥体外运动系统Ffimbria 海马伞fissure 裂fornix 穹窿fourth ventricles 第四脑室frontal lobe 额叶frontal operculum 额叶岛盖Ggeniculostriate system 外侧膝状体纹皮质系统globus pallidus 苍白球gray substance 灰质gyrus 脑回Hhippocampus 海马hippocampus formation 海马结构hypothalamus 下丘脑Iinferior colliculus 下丘inferior temporal cortex 下颞皮质infundibulum 漏斗internal capsule 内囊Llateral corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓侧束lateral geniculate nucleus 外侧膝状体lateral hypothalamus area 外侧下丘脑lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系lateral ventricle 侧脑室lemniscal system 丘系系统lentiform nucleus 豆状核limbic cortex 边缘皮质limbic system 边缘系统locus coeruleus 蓝斑Mmagnocellular nucleus of the basal forebrain 前脑基底大细胞核mammillary body 乳头体mammillothalamic tract 乳头丘脑束massa intermedia 中间块medial forebrain bundle 内侧前脑束medial geniculate nucleus 内侧膝状体medial preoptic area 视前内侧区medulla oblongata 延脑medullary lamina 髓板medullary substances or medulla 髓质meninges 脑脊膜mesencephalon 中脑mesocortex 中间皮质metencephalon 后脑motor control system 运动控制系统motor cortex 运动皮质myelencephalon 末脑Nneostriatum 新纹状体nigrotriatal bundles 黑质纹状体束nonspecific projecting system 非特异性投射系统nucleus 神经核nucleus accumbens 伏核nucleus raphe magnus 中缝大核Ooccipital foramen 枕骨大孔occipital horns 枕角occipital lobe 枕叶occipital pole 枕极ocular dominance columns 眼优势柱olfactory bulb 嗅球optic tectum 视顶盖optical radiation 视放核orbital frontal cortex 额眶皮质Ppaleostriatum 旧纹状体（苍白球）parabranchial nucleus 旁臂核paraventricular nucleus 旁室核parietal lobes 顶叶parvocellularneurosecretory system 小细胞神经分泌系统perforant path 穿质通路periaqueductal grey matter 导水管四周灰质pia matter 软脑膜planum temporale 颞平台pons 脑桥postcentral cortex 中心后回precentral gyrus 中心前回prefrontal cortex 前额皮质preoptic area 视前区prestriate cortex 纹前皮质presubiculum 前下托primary motor cortex 一级运动皮质primary projection area 一级投射皮质primary sensory cortex 一级感觉皮质＝第一感觉区primary visual cortex 一级视觉皮质proseucephalon 前脑pulvinar 枕核putamen 壳核pyramidal motor system 锥体运动系统pyramidalis area 锥体区Rraphe nucleus 缝际核red nucleus 红核reticular formation 网状结构reticulospinal tract 网状脊髓束rhinencephalon 嗅脑rhombencephalon 菱脑rubrospinal tract 红核束Ssencondary projection area 二级投射区septal area 隔区sexually dimorphic nucleus 性二型核solitary nucleus 孤束核somatosensory area 躯体感觉区somatosensory cortex 躯体感觉皮质specific projecting system 特异性投射系统stria terminalis 终纹striate area 纹状区striate cortex 纹状皮质subarachnoid 蛛网膜下腔subcortex 皮质下subfornical organ 穹窿下器官subiculum 下托substantia nigra 黑质sulcus 沟superior cerebella peduncle 小脑上脚superior colliculus 上丘superior olivary complex 上橄榄核群suprachiasmatic nucleus 视交叉上核supraoptic nucleus 视上核Sylvian fissure 塞尔维氏裂Ttectopulvinar system 顶盖枕核系统tectospinal tract 顶盖脊髓束tectum 顶盖tegmentum 被盖telecephalon 端脑temporal lobe 颞叶tertiary projection area 三级投射区thalamus 丘脑third ventricle 第三脑室Uuncinate faciculus 钩束Vventral amygdalofugal pathway 杏仁核腹侧传出通路ventral corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓前束ventral posterior nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹后核ventral system of visual function 视觉腹侧系统ventral tegmental area 被盖腹区ventraomedial pathway 腹内侧通路ventricles 脑室ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹外侧核ventromedial hypothalamus 腹内侧下丘脑visual cortex 视觉皮质（枕极）WWernicke area 维尔尼克区white matter 白质。
超脑词汇1～10
cir4超脑词汇1～10第一课1. curious cur坏蛋；ious →adj标志be curious about2. democracy demo示威者；cracy crazy向往“民主”的示威着一般都是很疯狂的。
3. depend spend花费depend on=（四级考点）relay on4. distinguish fish小鱼（一般指熟鱼）；dis 不；ting铃音或哨音经过训练的小鱼都可以“分辨”出不同的哨音。
5. electron elect电，用电；on →son电的儿子→“电子”。
6. explanation ex（前缀）向外；plan计划；ation →n标志向外说出计划→“解释，说明”。
7. favorable favor 帮忙，帮助；able →adj标志do me a favor帮忙8. fiction fict →fact；tion音：神“传奇”就是把事实说神了。
区分：novel小说fiction传记，传奇9. financial音：非常难受“金融的”危机一般都是非常难受的。
10. fraction fract磨碎，破碎；11. glow音：阁楼→光束12. grab rab →rob抢劫；g音：给rob sb. of sth抢劫某人某物rob sb. with sth带某物抢某人13. harmony har音：哈；mony →money当男朋友和贪钱的女朋友吵架的时候，男朋友拿出钱，女朋友就会有“哈，钱”的感叹，所以就“和睦”了。
14. hence hen目击；ce音：死hence=so在写作中一般用hence 不用so，因为hence比较文雅。
15. household house别墅别墅就是“家庭”。
非重点16. injure jure古罗马的交通法；in否定违反交通法就会“受伤”。
17. instruct struct知识结构；in 在……里区分：instruct短期教育educate长期正规教育18. isolate I我；so如此；late晚在宿舍中有什么事情我都是最后一个知道的，所以我是被“孤立的”。
神经系统词汇中英对照
神经系统词汇中英对照神经系统词汇中英对照神经系统词汇中英对照神经系统词汇中英对照神经系统词汇中英对照一：duramater硬脑膜arachnoid蛛网膜piamater软脑膜basilarartery基底动脉cerebralarterialcircle大脑动脉环cerebrospinalfluid脑脊液NervousSystem神经系统peripheralnervoussystem周围神经系统neuron神经元neuroglia神经胶质nucleus神经核tract神经束ganglion神经节nerve神经spinalnerves脊神经cervicalple*us颈丛phrenicnerve膈神经brachialple*us臂丛longthoracicnerve胸长神经thoracodorsalnerve胸背神经a*illarynerve腋神经musculocutaneousnerve肌皮神经mediannerve正中神经ulnarnerve尺神经radialnerve桡神经thoracicnerves胸神经intercostalnerve肋间神经lumbarple*us腰丛lumbosacraltrunk腰骶干femoralnerve股神经obturatornerve闭孔神经sacralple*us骶丛sciaticnerve坐骨神经tibialnerve胫神经commonperonealnerve腓总神经superficialperonealnerve腓浅神经deepperonealnerve腓深神经cranialnerves脑神经olfactorynerve神经opticnerve视神经oculomotornerve动眼神经trochlearnerve滑车神经trigeminalnerve三叉神经abducentnerve展神经facialnerve面神经vestibulocochlearnerve前庭蜗神经glossopharyngealnerve舌咽神经vagusnerve迷走神经accessorynerve 副神经hypoglossalnerve舌下神经visceralnervoussystem内脏神经系autonomicnervoussystem自主神经系vegetativenervoussystem植物性神经系sympatheticnerve交感神经parasympatheticnerve副交感神经centralnervoussystem中枢神经系统spinalcord脊髓graymatter灰质whitematter白质substantiagelatinosa 胶状质nucleusthoracicus胸核fasciculusgracilis薄束fasciculuscuneatus 楔束spinothalamictract脊髓丘脑束corticospinaltract皮质脊髓束brain(encephalon)脑brainstem脑干medullaoblongata延髓pons脑桥midbrain(mesencephalon)中脑pyramid锥体神经系统词汇中英对照二：inferiorcerebellarpeduncle小脑下脚fourthventricle第四脑室rhomboidfossa菱形窝striaemedullaris髓纹hypoglossaltrigone舌下神经三角vagaltrigone迷走神经三角areapostrema最后区obe*闩medialeminence内侧隆起facialcolliculus面丘vestibulararea前庭区acoustictubercle听结节middlecerebellarpeduncle小脑中脚superiorcerebellarpeduncle小脑上脚inferiorcolliculus下丘superiorcolliculus上丘cruscerebri大脑脚cerebralaqueduct中脑导水管mediallemniscus内侧丘系spinaltrigeminaltract三叉神经脊髓束spinaltrigeminalnucleus三叉神经脊束核solitarynucleus孤束核nucleusambiguus疑核pontinenuclei脑桥核trapezoidbody斜方体laterallemniscus外侧丘系locusceruleus蓝斑substantianigra黑质rednucleus红核reticularformation网状结构raphenuclei中缝核cerebellum小脑diencephalon间脑thalamus丘脑metathalamus后丘脑epithalamus上丘脑subthalamus底丘脑hypothalamus下丘脑opticchiasma视交叉telencephalon(cerebrum)端脑(大脑)temporallobe 颞叶frontallobe额叶parietallobe顶叶occipitallobe枕叶insula岛叶limbiclobe边缘叶corpuscallosum胼胝体centralsulcus中央沟lateralsulcus外侧沟parieo-occipitalsulcus顶枕沟calcarinesulcus距状沟precentralgyrus中央前回postcentralgyrus中央后回angulargyrus角回supramarginalgyrus缘上回lingualgyrus舌回cuneusgyrus楔回dentategyrus齿状回parahippocampalgyrus海马旁回uncus(海马旁回)钩paracentrallobule旁中央小叶cingulategyrus扣带回lateralventricle侧脑室basalnuclei基底核caudatenucleus尾状核lentiformnucleus豆状核putamen壳globuspalidus苍白球corpusstriatum纹状体forni*穹窿internalcapsule内囊cerebralcorte*大脑皮质。
【VIP专享】大脑词汇翻译(整理)
大脑相关词汇表Aa-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸abducent nerve 展神经abstinent heroin dependent individuals (AHD) 海洛因戒断者accessory nerve 副神经acoustic tubercle 听结节Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) 酒精依赖疾患识别测验amygdala (AMY) 杏仁核angular gyrus 角回anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) 前扣带回皮层anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) 前扣带回anterior insula 脑皮层上的前脑岛anterior temporal lobe 颞叶前部arachnoid 蛛网膜area postrema 最后区；极后区arterial spin-labeled perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) 磁共振动脉自旋标记灌注成像autonomic nervous system 自主神经系axillary nerve 腋神经BBarratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) Barratt冲动性量表basal forebrain 基底前脑,basal ganglia circuits基底节环路basal nuclei 基底核basilar artery 基底动脉basolateral amygdala (BLA) 基底外侧杏仁核basolateral 基底前侧Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) 血氧水平依赖brachial plexus 臂丛brain (encephalon) 脑brain stem 脑干Ccalcarine sulcus 距状沟caudate nucleus 尾状核central nervous system 中枢神经系统central sulcus 中央沟cerebellum (CER) 小脑cerebral aqueduct 中脑导水管cerebral arterial circle 大脑动脉环cerebral cortex 大脑皮质cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液cervical plexus 颈丛cingulate gyrus (CG)扣带回common peroneal nerve 腓总神经corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus striatum 纹状体cortex (CTX) 皮质corticomedial 皮质内侧corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束cranial nerves 脑神经crus cerebri 大脑脚cuneate tubercule 楔束结节cuneus gyrus 楔回Ddeep peroneal nerve 腓深神经dendritic spines 树突刺dentate gyrus 齿状回diencephalon 间脑dopamine (DA) 多巴胺dopamine type 2/3 receptor 多巴胺2/3型受体dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex （DLPFC）背外侧前额叶dorsal lateral striatum (DMPFC) 背外侧纹状体dorsal prefrontal cortex 背侧前额叶皮质dorsal putamen 背壳dorsal striatum (DS) 背侧纹状体dorso lateral frontal cortex 背外侧额叶dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) 背外侧前额叶dorsolateral striatum (DLS) 背外侧纹状体dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) 背内侧前额叶dorsomedial striatum (DMS) 背内侧纹状体dura mater 硬脑膜Eelectroencephalography (EEG) 脑电图epithalamus 上丘脑Ffacial colliculus 面丘facial nerve 面神经Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) 尼古丁依赖量表fasciculus cuneatus 楔束fasciculus gracilis 薄束femoral nerve 股神经fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) 氟脱氧葡萄糖fornix 穹窿fourth ventricle 第四脑室frontal lobe 额叶functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 功能磁共振成像fusiform gyrus (FG) 梭状回fusiform gyrus/visual cortex (FG/VC) 梭状回/视觉皮层Gg-aminobutyiric acid (GABA) γ-氨基丁酸ganglion 神经节globus palidus 苍白球glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经glutamate 谷氨酸gracilis tubercule 薄束结节gray matter 灰质Hhealth participants (NDP) 健康人hippocampus/Para hippocampal gyrus (HIPP/PH) 海马/海马旁回hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经hypoglossal trigone 舌下神经三角hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) 下丘脑-垂体轴hypothalamus 下丘脑Iinferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚inferior colliculus 下丘inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) 额下回inferior olive nucleus 下橄榄核inferior parietal lobule (IPL) 顶下小叶inferior temporal cortex (ITC) 颞下皮层；下颞叶皮层inferior/superior parietal cortex (IPC/SPC) 上/下顶叶皮质insula (INS) 脑岛intercostal nerve 肋间神经internal capsule 内囊late positive complex (LPC) 晚正复合体lateral hypothalamu 外侧下丘脑lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系lateral prefrontal cortex 外侧前额叶lateral sulcus 外侧沟lateral ventricle 侧脑室lentiform nucleus 豆状核limbic brain circuitry 边缘系统limbic lobe 边缘叶limbic system 边缘系统lingual gyrus 舌回locus ceruleus 蓝斑longthoracic nerve 胸长神经lumbar plexus 腰丛lumbosacral trunk 腰骶干MMagnetic resonance image imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像magnetoencephalography (MEG) 脑磁描记法medial eminence 内侧隆起medial lemniscus 内侧丘系medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) 内侧前额叶皮质medial striatum 内侧纹状体median nerve 正中神经medulla oblongata 延髓metathalamus 后丘脑methylphenidate (MPH) 利他能（中枢神经兴奋药）midbrain (mesencephalon) 中脑middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) MNI坐标系motor cortex (MC) 动作皮层；运动皮层musculocutaneous nerve 肌皮神经Nnerve 神经Nervous System 神经系统neural cue reactivity (NCR) 线索诱发的神经活动neuroglia 神经胶质neuron 神经元n-methyl-Daspartic acid (NMDA) N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸nucleus accumbens (NAc) 伏隔核nucleus accumbens related circuitry 伏隔核相关回路nucleus ambiguus 疑核nucleus thoracicus 胸核nucleus 神经核Oobex 闩obturator nerve 闭孔神经occipital lobe 枕叶oculomotor nerve 动眼神经olfactory nerve 神经optic nerve 视神经opticchiasma 视交叉Orbital-prefrontal circuitry 眶前额皮层orbitofrontal cortex (OFC ) 眶额皮层;前额叶眶回Pparacentral lobule 旁中央小叶parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回parasympathetic nerve 副交感神经parieo-occipital sulcus 顶枕沟parietal lobe 顶叶periaquaeductal grey 导水管周围灰质peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统phrenic nerve 膈神经pia mater 软脑膜pons 脑桥pontine nuclei 脑桥核positron emission tomography (PET) 正电子发放断层扫描postcentral gyrus 中央后回posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) 后扣带回posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) 后颞中回；颞中回后部precentral gyrus 中央前回prefrontal cortex (PFC) 前额叶皮层premotor cortex (PMC) 前运动皮层putamen 壳pyramid 锥体pyramidal decussation 锥体交叉radial nerve 桡神经raphe nuclei 中缝核red nucleus 红核region of interest (ROI) 感兴趣脑区reticular formation 网状结构rhomboid fossa 菱形窝Ssacral plexus 骶丛sciatic nerve 坐骨神经septo-hippocampal complex海马皮层隔septo-hippocampal system 海马皮层系统solitary nucleus 孤束核somatosensory cortex (SC) 躯体感觉皮层spinal cord 脊髓spinal nerves 脊神经spinal trigeminal nucleus 三叉神经脊束核spinal trigeminal tract 三叉神经脊髓束spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束striae medullaris 髓纹substantia gelatinosa 胶状质substantia nigra (SN) 黑质，塞梅林氏神经节subthalamus 底丘脑superficial peroneal nerve 腓浅神经superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚superior colliculus 上丘superior parietal and premotor regions 高级顶叶和运动前区Superior parietal lobule (SPL) 顶上小叶superior temporal sulcus (STS) 颞上沟supplementary motor area (SMA) 辅助运动区supramarginal gyrus 缘上回sympathetic nerve 交感神经Ttelencephalon （cerebrum）端脑（大脑）temporal lobe 颞叶temporal pole 颞极temporal-parietal junctions (TPJ) 颞顶交界处temporoparietal cortex 颞皮层thalamus (THAL) 丘脑thoracic nerves 胸神经thoracodorsal nerve 胸背神经tibial nerve 胫神经tract 神经束transcoronal magnetic stimulating system (TMS) 经颅磁刺激系统trapezoid body 斜方体trigeminal nerve 三叉神经trochlear nerve 滑车神经Uulnar nerve 尺神经uncus （海马旁回）钩Vvagal trigone 迷走神经三角vagus nerve 迷走神经vegetative nervous system 植物性神经系ventral cingulate 前扣带ventral medial (PFC) 腹内侧ventral medial frontal 腹额内侧ventral pallidum (VP) 腹侧苍白球ventral prefrontal cortex 腹侧前额叶皮层ventral premotor cortex ( VPC ) 腹外侧运动前皮质ventral striatum (VS) 腹侧纹状体ventral tegmental area (VTAa) 腹侧背盖区ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) 腹外侧前额叶皮层ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) 腹内侧前额叶皮层ventromedial region of prefrontal cortex 前额皮质腹中区域vestibular area前庭区vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭蜗神经visceral nervous system 内脏神经系visual cortex (VC) 视觉皮层Wwhite matter 白质PreG precentral gyrus中央前回PosG postcentral gyrus中央后回MFG middle frontal gyrus额中回SFG superior frontal gyrus额上回IFG inferior frontal gyrus额下回MTG middle temporal gyrus颞中回ITG inferior temporal gyrus颞下回MOG middle occipital lobule枕中回IOG inferior occipital gyrus枕下回IPL inferior parietal lobule顶下小叶SMG supramarginal gyrus缘上回FFA fusiform face area梭状回面孔区LG lingual gyrus舌回MNS:In humans, the mirror neuron system has two major components. One is formed by the inferior parietal lobule（顶下小叶）and the ventral premotor cortex（腹侧运动前皮层）plus the caudal part（尾部的）of Broca’s area, the other by the insula(脑岛) and anterior cingulate gyrus（扣带回）. The main visual input to the MNS originates from the posterior part of the superior temporal sulcus(颞上沟STS)。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
大脑相关词汇表Aa-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸abducent nerve 展神经abstinent heroin dependent individuals (AHD) 海洛因戒断者accessory nerve 副神经acoustic tubercle 听结节Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) 酒精依赖疾患识别测验amygdala (AMY) 杏仁核angular gyrus 角回anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) 前扣带回皮层anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) 前扣带回anterior insula 脑皮层上的前脑岛anterior temporal lobe 颞叶前部arachnoid 蛛网膜area postrema 最后区；极后区arterial spin-labeled perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) 磁共振动脉自旋标记灌注成像autonomic nervous system 自主神经系axillary nerve 腋神经BBarratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) Barratt冲动性量表basal forebrain 基底前脑,basal ganglia circuits基底节环路basal nuclei 基底核basilar artery 基底动脉basolateral amygdala (BLA) 基底外侧杏仁核basolateral 基底前侧Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) 血氧水平依赖brachial plexus 臂丛brain (encephalon) 脑brain stem 脑干Ccalcarine sulcus 距状沟caudate nucleus 尾状核central nervous system 中枢神经系统central sulcus 中央沟cerebellum (CER) 小脑cerebral aqueduct 中脑导水管cerebral arterial circle 大脑动脉环cerebral cortex 大脑皮质cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液cervical plexus 颈丛cingulate gyrus (CG)扣带回common peroneal nerve 腓总神经corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus striatum 纹状体cortex (CTX) 皮质corticomedial 皮质内侧corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束cranial nerves 脑神经crus cerebri 大脑脚cuneate tubercule 楔束结节cuneus gyrus 楔回Ddeep peroneal nerve 腓深神经dendritic spines 树突刺dentate gyrus 齿状回diencephalon 间脑dopamine (DA) 多巴胺dopamine type 2/3 receptor 多巴胺2/3型受体dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex （DLPFC）背外侧前额叶dorsal lateral striatum (DMPFC) 背外侧纹状体dorsal prefrontal cortex 背侧前额叶皮质dorsal putamen 背壳dorsal striatum (DS) 背侧纹状体dorso lateral frontal cortex 背外侧额叶dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) 背外侧前额叶dorsolateral striatum (DLS) 背外侧纹状体dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) 背内侧前额叶dorsomedial striatum (DMS) 背内侧纹状体dura mater 硬脑膜Eelectroencephalography (EEG) 脑电图epithalamus 上丘脑Ffacial colliculus 面丘facial nerve 面神经Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) 尼古丁依赖量表fasciculus cuneatus 楔束fasciculus gracilis 薄束femoral nerve 股神经fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) 氟脱氧葡萄糖fornix 穹窿fourth ventricle 第四脑室frontal lobe 额叶functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 功能磁共振成像fusiform gyrus (FG) 梭状回fusiform gyrus/visual cortex (FG/VC) 梭状回/视觉皮层Gg-aminobutyiric acid (GABA) γ-氨基丁酸ganglion 神经节globus palidus 苍白球glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经glutamate 谷氨酸gracilis tubercule 薄束结节gray matter 灰质Hhealth participants (NDP) 健康人hippocampus/Para hippocampal gyrus (HIPP/PH) 海马/海马旁回hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经hypoglossal trigone 舌下神经三角hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) 下丘脑-垂体轴hypothalamus 下丘脑Iinferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚inferior colliculus 下丘inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) 额下回inferior olive nucleus 下橄榄核inferior parietal lobule (IPL) 顶下小叶inferior temporal cortex (ITC) 颞下皮层；下颞叶皮层inferior/superior parietal cortex (IPC/SPC) 上/下顶叶皮质insula (INS) 脑岛intercostal nerve 肋间神经internal capsule 内囊late positive complex (LPC) 晚正复合体lateral hypothalamu 外侧下丘脑lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系lateral prefrontal cortex 外侧前额叶lateral sulcus 外侧沟lateral ventricle 侧脑室lentiform nucleus 豆状核limbic brain circuitry 边缘系统limbic lobe 边缘叶limbic system 边缘系统lingual gyrus 舌回locus ceruleus 蓝斑longthoracic nerve 胸长神经lumbar plexus 腰丛lumbosacral trunk 腰骶干MMagnetic resonance image imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像magnetoencephalography (MEG) 脑磁描记法medial eminence 内侧隆起medial lemniscus 内侧丘系medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) 内侧前额叶皮质medial striatum 内侧纹状体median nerve 正中神经medulla oblongata 延髓metathalamus 后丘脑methylphenidate (MPH) 利他能（中枢神经兴奋药）midbrain (mesencephalon) 中脑middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) MNI坐标系motor cortex (MC) 动作皮层；运动皮层musculocutaneous nerve 肌皮神经Nnerve 神经Nervous System 神经系统neural cue reactivity (NCR) 线索诱发的神经活动neuroglia 神经胶质neuron 神经元n-methyl-Daspartic acid (NMDA) N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸nucleus accumbens (NAc) 伏隔核nucleus accumbens related circuitry 伏隔核相关回路nucleus ambiguus 疑核nucleus thoracicus 胸核nucleus 神经核Oobex 闩obturator nerve 闭孔神经occipital lobe 枕叶oculomotor nerve 动眼神经olfactory nerve 神经optic nerve 视神经opticchiasma 视交叉Orbital-prefrontal circuitry 眶前额皮层orbitofrontal cortex (OFC ) 眶额皮层;前额叶眶回Pparacentral lobule 旁中央小叶parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回parasympathetic nerve 副交感神经parieo-occipital sulcus 顶枕沟parietal lobe 顶叶periaquaeductal grey 导水管周围灰质peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统phrenic nerve 膈神经pia mater 软脑膜pons 脑桥pontine nuclei 脑桥核positron emission tomography (PET) 正电子发放断层扫描postcentral gyrus 中央后回posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) 后扣带回posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) 后颞中回；颞中回后部precentral gyrus 中央前回prefrontal cortex (PFC) 前额叶皮层premotor cortex (PMC) 前运动皮层putamen 壳pyramid 锥体pyramidal decussation 锥体交叉radial nerve 桡神经raphe nuclei 中缝核red nucleus 红核region of interest (ROI) 感兴趣脑区reticular formation 网状结构rhomboid fossa 菱形窝Ssacral plexus 骶丛sciatic nerve 坐骨神经septo-hippocampal complex海马皮层隔septo-hippocampal system 海马皮层系统solitary nucleus 孤束核somatosensory cortex (SC) 躯体感觉皮层spinal cord 脊髓spinal nerves 脊神经spinal trigeminal nucleus 三叉神经脊束核spinal trigeminal tract 三叉神经脊髓束spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束striae medullaris 髓纹substantia gelatinosa 胶状质substantia nigra (SN) 黑质，塞梅林氏神经节subthalamus 底丘脑superficial peroneal nerve 腓浅神经superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚superior colliculus 上丘superior parietal and premotor regions 高级顶叶和运动前区Superior parietal lobule (SPL) 顶上小叶superior temporal sulcus (STS) 颞上沟supplementary motor area (SMA) 辅助运动区supramarginal gyrus 缘上回sympathetic nerve 交感神经Ttelencephalon （cerebrum）端脑（大脑）temporal lobe 颞叶temporal pole 颞极temporal-parietal junctions (TPJ) 颞顶交界处temporoparietal cortex 颞皮层thalamus (THAL) 丘脑thoracic nerves 胸神经thoracodorsal nerve 胸背神经tibial nerve 胫神经tract 神经束transcoronal magnetic stimulating system (TMS) 经颅磁刺激系统trapezoid body 斜方体trigeminal nerve 三叉神经trochlear nerve 滑车神经Uulnar nerve 尺神经uncus （海马旁回）钩Vvagal trigone 迷走神经三角vagus nerve 迷走神经vegetative nervous system 植物性神经系ventral cingulate 前扣带ventral medial (PFC) 腹内侧ventral medial frontal 腹额内侧ventral pallidum (VP) 腹侧苍白球ventral prefrontal cortex 腹侧前额叶皮层ventral premotor cortex ( VPC ) 腹外侧运动前皮质ventral striatum (VS) 腹侧纹状体ventral tegmental area (VTAa) 腹侧背盖区ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) 腹外侧前额叶皮层ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) 腹内侧前额叶皮层ventromedial region of prefrontal cortex 前额皮质腹中区域vestibular area前庭区vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭蜗神经visceral nervous system 内脏神经系visual cortex (VC) 视觉皮层Wwhite matter 白质PreG precentral gyrus 中央前回PosG postcentral gyrus 中央后回MFG middle frontal gyrus 额中回SFG superior frontal gyrus 额上回IFG inferior frontal gyrus 额下回MTG middle temporal gyrus 颞中回ITG inferior temporal gyrus 颞下回MOG middle occipital lobule 枕中回IOG inferior occipital gyrus 枕下回IPL inferior parietal lobule 顶下小叶SMG supramarginal gyrus 缘上回FFA fusiform face area 梭状回面孔区LG lingual gyrus 舌回MNS:In humans, the mirror neuron system has two major components. One is formed by the inferior parietal lobule（顶下小叶）and the ventral premotor cortex（腹侧运动前皮层）plus the caudal part（尾部的）of Broca’s area, the other by the insula(脑岛) and anterior cingulate gyrus （扣带回）. The main visual input to the MNS originates from the posterior part of the superior temporal sulcus(颞上沟STS)。