自考英语二复习资料
自考英语二复习资料
• UNIT 1•重点单词和短语• objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilledargue define• interview prospect• course of action in the way<by the way, in no way, in a way> make a guess atcontribute to and the like <and so on>• seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to …• apply for <to>• have no idea bring about take the trouble to do• put oneself in one’s place•to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down<up, on, off, out, over, back>•重点、难点句子详解• 1.A decision is a choice made from among alternative coursesof action that are available.•解析：courses of action意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made是过去分词；from among为二重介词•例：We’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____.<06-4>• A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available<D>•2. … some suggest that the mana gement process is decision making.•解析：suggest表示认为、提出、暗示意思,后面不用虚拟语气,表示建议意思,后面用虚拟语气.•例：It is suggested that the meeting <should> be held<hold>at some other time.•3. … decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them.•解析：as well as意思是既…又…• 4. In fact, I did have several questions, but you have already answered them all.•解析：助动词do在肯定句中用在动词之前表示强调,意思是确实.•5. … but do not let it worry you too much.•解析：动词let, make, have, hear, see, observe等词之后的宾语补足语为省略to 的不定式结构.•6. There is little likelihood that …•对比：There is a/ every/no likelihood that/of•例：The two sisters are ___ in many ways, not only in appearance but also intemperament.<06-4>• A. like B. likely C. alike D. lively <C>•• UNIT2•重点单词和短语• exert collapse shrink basis launch convince operaterevolve glitter unlikely <be likely to> whereasconcerned <be concerned about>plateau• in theory apply to depend on research intoswallow up make useof together with in every respect in other words consist of a greatmany under the circumstances make a difference aboveall as a rule• seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to …•例：I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ___ kind. <06-4>• A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all<A>•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable…•例：爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的,因此没有绝对的时间和空间.<05-4-68>• 2. It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes.•例1：It is on Friday ___ we will hold the meeting.• A. that B. when C. in that time D. what <A>•例2: As a painter, Ted was very ___ about the colors he used.<03-10>• A. specific B. special C. peculiar D. particular <D>• 3. The earth is one of mine planets which move in orbit roundthe sun.•对比：The earth is the only one of the nine planets which haslife on it.• 4. The total water area is about three times as large as theland area.•解析：数词+times + as +形容词+as是表示倍数的表达法. •例：It is important to note that a reading of 4 indicates an earthquake ten times as strongas one with a reading of 3. <unit 6 text B>• 5. The more we learn about other people, the better we understand their ideas, and, as arule, the better we like those people themselves.•解析：the+比较级,the+比较级结构,意思是越…越…,第一个从句中谓语动词不用倒装,第二个从句谓语动词可以用倒装,也可以用正装语气.•例：___ we are, ___ we become.• A. the oldest; the wiser B. older; wiser• C. the older, the more wise D. the older; the wiser<D>• UNIT 3•重点单词和短语• deteriorate debate <on/upon> request ensure oppose<beopposed to> burden sensitive privilege appoint biasaccessible• recruit• be affected with carry out in addition to in this case open upcare for take into account have …at heart be sensitive to opt out offor short amount to• on <the> average compete with blame sb. for sth. by nature when itcomes to• be related to be worth doing••重点、难点句子详解• 1. It is very easy in society now for the elderly, the disabledand the dependent to feel thatthey are burdens.•例：It is important ___ there in time.• A. for you to get B. to you to get C. your getting D. of yougetting <A>•2. And it may be worth remembering that …•解析：be worth意思是值得,后面接名词、代词以与主动形式的动名词.• 3. Many people, though, are totally against the practice of euthanasia.•解析：Though是一个起连结性作用的副词,意思相当于however, but.•4. "Well, it’s not as if I’m planning to murder a crowd ofpeople with a machine gun.〞•解析：As if 引出的从句,谓语动词根据实际情况选择用虚拟语气形式还是一般陈述语气.•例：It seems as if it were spring now. 使用虚拟语气•• UNIT 4•重点单词和短语• domestic exploit campaign execute convict incidencedeserve• despite deport minimum maintenance guilt immigrantweed deny degrade inhumane civil liberty disaffectionargument circus•• bring over watch over in unison call up pay back up to a greatdeal of •be supposed to convict … of feel like protect …from • risk doing sth.• deal with according to be deserving of threatento do sth. agree to dosth.• distinguish from react to clean up•重点、难点句子详解• 1. And they can have their passports removed, making leaving or "escaping〞 virtuallyimpossible.•解析：making…是分词短语,表示结果,impossible做宾补.removed是过去分词作宾补,表示有完成和被动的含义.• 2. It is, they say, the right to change employers which distinguishes employment fromslavery.•解析：they say是插入语,本句是一个强调句式,which可以改成that,句子会更正式.• 3. Six out of every ten prisoners in chains are black, which is why the chain gangs call upimages of slavery in centuries gone by.•解析：数字+out of every+数字,意思是每…个中就有…个；which引导非限定性的定语从句修饰前面整个句子;gone by是分词短语修饰centuries 表示已经完成.• 4. What they will do is make prisoners more angry, more hostile…•解析：what引导的主语从句中带有实义动词do,表语不定式可以带to,也可以省略to.•• UNIT 5•重点单词和短语• folk transformation distinct sentiment originate spontaneoussynthesis• readily amplifier electronics studio penetrating therebyparticipate• multimedia live inspire invariably improvise constructivecreative• preliminary painstaking conception temper mold diversifiedconventional harmony evident• take over take on take up take over take place build out of inexistence• in a sense at a stretch serve as in advance forthe sake of be born• in fashion begin with it goes without saying that•重点、难点句子详解• 1. What happened, as well as it can be put into words, was this.•解析：第一个as 是副词,第二个as 是连词,well是副词修饰put,注意区别as wellas;•例: Those stories, as well as this boring one, have been told almost hundreds of times.• 2. Electronics did, in fact, make possible sounds that no instrument up to that time couldproduce.•解析：make是谓语动词,sounds that no instrument up to that time could produce是宾语,possible是宾补前置了,英语中有时为了句子结构的平衡,可对句子结构进行调整.• 3. It is difficult to summarize the composing methods of so diversified a group.•解析：so/too+形容词+a/an +名词以与such+a/an+形容词+名词是固定搭配,例如：He was not so big a fool as he looked.• 4. The creative act with Palestrina is not thematic conception so much as the personaltreatment of well-established pattern.•解析：not …so much as …意思是与其说…不如说…,不像…那么…• UNIT 6•重点单词和短语• efficiency appliance specific shade prevalent increasinglyswitch• defective spray personnel completion assemble cast reductioncritical• intensify warning precede speculate partial reliability forecastdecay• subside analyze shift• expose sth./sb. to to a degree convert …to/into prevent…from• in between• be responsible for in question differ from work on in that• plenty of•be capable of too …to be on the alert set up associate with• be involved in•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Thus, people who need to exert much energy in their work will find relaxation mostdesirable in leisure.•解析：exert oneself to do sth.意思是努力做某事；find+宾语+补语〔adj, -ing, -ed, 不定式,介词短语〕.• 2. Hence, it can be argued that the people with whom we come into contact in these various contexts are…•解析：It can be argued that…是以it作形式主语的被动语态结构,类似的还有：It issaid that, It is believed that, It is reported that, It is thought that; with whom …是介词+关系代词的限定性定语从句,修饰people. Come into contact with 与…接触• 3.It is not how much time you allocate for study that counts but how much you learnwhen you do study.•解析：这是一个强调句式,被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、状语以与从句,可用that,which,who 引导.• 4.This will not only keep the study habit alive but also keep you up to date on your classassignments and projects.•解析：keep +宾语+adj.意思是使…保持某种状态；up to date 意思是最新的,切合目前情况的.•• UNIT 8•重点单词和短语• internal external overcome destination reset neutral feasibleproceeding• alarm promote interact fade duration moderate distractionexceptional• remedy productivity appreciate mislead typical• effect on blame sth. on sb.= blame sb. for sth. as fresh as paint now that• leave alone out of step in time a short cut come across due to attendto• fall apart be true of lack of at hand at once play a role in be faced with• account for to date= so far = up to now•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Confused? So was John Foster Dulles, the American Secretary of State.•解析：confused是are you confused?的省略句；当以So开头表示与前边情况类似的句子时,要用倒装语序.例如：My brother can speak French, so can my sister.• 2. It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone.•解析：it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式结构,until 与not 连用,翻译为直到…才,例如：Don’t open the door until the train stops.• 3. There is evidence , of course, that motivation plays an important role in overcoming theeffects of distractors and that there are considerable differences in …•解析：两个that引导的同位语从句,说明evidence;• UNIT 9•重点单词和短语• dependency upwards liability revision lengthenalter proportionappreciation acknowledge neglect esteem handle appropriatewithdraw• worthless•approximate to be classified as rather than in one’s thirties in terms of•take advantage of cope with no other …than look down on view as•exchange …for•例：It would be better to make a decision now, ___ leave it until next week. <06-4>• A. other than B. rather than C. less than D. more than B•重点、难点句子详解•1. …because lots of de pendent babies are more of a liability than numbers of the inactiveaged.•解析：be+of+名词,表示具有与该名词同源的形容词的性质.例: The girl is ofbeauty.= The girl is beautiful. A number of = numbers of表示一些、若干,谓语动词用复数the number of表示…的数目,谓语动词用单数.• 2. There is often resistance to the idea that it is because the birthrate fell earlier in Westernand Northwestern Europe than elsewhere, rather than becauseof any change in the deathrate, that we have grown so old.•解析：the idea后的that 引导同位语从句,同位语从句部分是一个it is …that …结构的强调句型,强调部分是原因状语从句；rather than意思是"而不是〞.• 3. Children need help understanding that their self-esteemand the self-esteem of thosethey interact with have a direct effect on each other.•解析：that引导的宾语从句,包含一个省略that的定语从句,they interact with修饰those; have an effect on/upon …对…有影响.• UNIT10•重点单词和短语• strategy representative democratic nominee certainty declinecongress• loyalty provision election stir pursue dominate competitoropposition• nominate collectively automatically contest assault •stand no chance of identify…as impact on either…or … draw away from• focus on lose sth. to sb. in number break up in the running in /out ofpower • in favor of come into power carry on a number of as a consequence of• as a result of break down•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Although presidential elections occur every 4 years.•解析：occur意思是发生,occur to 被想起,例如：An idea has occurred to me.• 2. In deciding whether to pursue a course of action, they try to estimate its likely impacton the voters.•解析：course of action 意思是行动方案；• 3. The advantage of the second party over the third is so great that it is the only party thatis likely to be able to overturn the party in power.•解析：have an advantage over …优于；so …that 如此…以至于引导结果状语从句,that 引导的状语从句中,包含一个that引导的定语从句.• 4. Usually the small parties collectively poll less than 5 per cent of the vote cast innational election.•解析：cast是过去分词.• UNIT 11•重点单词和短语• disorder irrelevant misleading simulate replace undergo negativeremark• relief deprive prevail delightful literal nevertheless touchingcontented• imperative devotion refine•do research into aim for take…for granted feel bitter at sacrifice to becentral to• do experiment on be irrelevant to bring out goings and comings at easeplea for• not<never> for a moment catch/seize hold of•例：你所说的与我们正在讨论的毫不相干.〔06-4〕•重点、难点句子详解• 1. The famous example of thalidomide is a case for more animal testing, not less.•解析：for意思是in favor of; support; case 案例、病例、实例•例：Doctors believe that bad nerves are the cause of sleeplessness in ninety-nine ___ outof a hundred.• A. examples B. events C. instances D. cases <D>• 2. When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects on the body, or disease ofthe brain for example, we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals.•解析：when it comes to是一个固定句型,意思是当谈到…的时候；substitute for意思是代替、替换,for 后面是被替换的对象；例如：Honey can substitute for sugar.• 3. Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research to be done inthe test tube…•解析：that 引导的是定语从句,修饰techniques; available 意思是可以应用、使用.• UNIT 12•重点单词和短语• symptom intellectual detail enhance initial confront sensitivitysurrounding character modest miserable administration respectivelyvolunteer identity primarily psychology undertake gamble• be contrary to put off be confronted with draw on dream of at seaimpress on•in reality let go of gaze on be aware of in one’s mind’s eye go overfree from•put aside=set aside be beneficial to add up to at one’s best influence on inturn• in general make a difference•例：1. With all this done, I have been freed <free> from all troubles and responsibilities.<05-4>• 2. Although she is very busy, Mum ___ some time every dayto read to us.• A. sets off B. sets for C. sets aside D. sets upC•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Not only are they less able to deal with the pressure of day-to-day existence, but also…•解析：not only放在句首,后面的谓语动词采取倒装形式.• 2. In another experiment at Yale University, Dr. Jerome found that daydreaming resultedin improved self-control and enhanced creative thinking ability. •解析：improved, enhanced都是过去分词做定语,修饰后面的名词词组；result in 意思是导致、结果是.• 3. "you can relate this to wakening psychology, where being alone leads to moreunhappiness.〞•解析：where翻译成在刚睡醒的状态下,引导定语从句修饰wakening psychology.• UNIT 13•重点单词和短语• compel voluntary coincide with eliminate subtle outrage tightenexcessive competition encounter series assembly disapproval response• at a guess go in for expect to do so far as sb. knows attitude towards take it easy• on and off put an end to expect sth. of sb. in return have an edge on/over• so long as apply oneself to at present on occasion sit down on in vain• with a view to•重点、难点句子详解• 1. because they can put their aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of asmith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist.•解析：be it…or…意思就是whether it is …or …,就是一个让步状语从句,省略引导词, be提前；参见教材166页,注释3.• 2. Since the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge.•解析：do without没有也行；have an edge有优势.• 3. Most people not directly engaged in daily work express disapproval when they hear ofpeople working on and off.•解析：engaged in是过去分词短语,修饰people.• UNIT 14•重点单词和短语• device capture belonging convince suspectprofound wrathrestriction• illegal ban suicide indication eruption extentqueue flee pledgerejection• inflict• to no avail comment on convince sb. to do sth.deny sth. to sb. commitsuicide• cut off•重点、难点句子详解•1. That’s where her path crossed that of Michael LaSane, who, police say, wanted justsuch a car to celebrate his 17th birthday.•解析：where引导的是表语从句,cross one’s path意思是与某人相遇； that代指path.•2. He will not make a ___ on LaSane’s side of the conversation. <03-10>• A. statement B. reference C. comment D. note ©• 3. And it is this that inflicts the true terrible wound on South African society.•解析：这是一个强调句式,inflict sth. on sb. 使某人遭受打击、惩罚.• 4. The tensions are real, the threat of a violent eruption constant.•解析：the threat of a violent eruption后面省略了谓语动词is.• UNIT 15•重点单词和短语• sensible persist profusion logic evaluate ultimate obscure concreteconquer prolong proof possess expansion secondary promotiondiploma• award sociology establishment journalism diversity economics• pull down mistake for come to terms with end in reflect on come about• enable to do respect for make over speculate on on the contrary as for/to• demand for go to law against go along with•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Facts are terrible things if left spreading and unexamined. •解析：if从句后面省略了they are.•2. It could obscure man’s awareness of the need to come to terms with himself.•解析：come to terms with习惯于、满足于• 3. And it requires som ething far scarcer than money…•解析：far修饰比较级,much, a lot, a little, even, still后面都可以修饰比较级.• I. Vocabulary and Structure•题型概述：• 10题,10分,考察词汇、语法的灵活使用.•考查的知识点：•大纲所要求的词汇、语法,重点考查其在实际句子中的灵活应用. •出题来源：•以课本课文为主,尤其是下半年考题.•复习重点：•背诵生词词组,复习语法,熟悉课文,同时做课后练习.•答题方法：•从三个方面考虑答题：语义线、语法线、结构线,三线合一选择出最佳答案.•答题时间：• 15分钟• II. Cloze•题型概述：•完形填空是测试语言知识的有效手段,试题为一篇200-250词长度的文章,其中留出10个空格,要求考生从短文后面所附的选择项中选出最佳答案填入空格中,使短文意思通顺,前后连贯,结构完整.•考查的知识点：•本题考查的重点为语法,一些常用词和惯用词的搭配使用、固定用法.以与阅读理解能力.•出题来源：•选自教材以外.•复习重点：• 1〕明确考查的目标； 2〕把握文章大意；• 3〕注意句子的语法结构；4〕认真对比备选答案•答题方法：• 1〕瞻前顾后,注意文章的连贯,理解透彻掌握大意、观点；2〕圈点标注；3〕分析句子结构；4〕对比答案•答题时间：• 15-20分钟• III. Reading comprehension•题型概述：•英语二的阅读理解部分属于综合能力考查题目,要求考生掌握基本阅读技能,能正确理解语言难度略低于课文内容,生词不超过3%的一般题材的文章,共3篇,15题,30分.•考查的知识点：•词汇、语法,考查逻辑分析能力、记忆信息的能力,语言的使用能力,洞察力、领悟力.•出题来源：•体裁以议论、说明为主；题材主要是文化、教育、习俗、历史,甚至家庭的一些东西以与科普知识,绝对不会考一些特别专业的天文地理知识.•复习重点：• 1〕读懂长句；2〕读懂细节并短时记忆；3〕理解把握住作者的观点、文章大意；•答题方法：• 1〕圈点到位； 2〕把握问题题干中的信号词；3〕反复对比答案,择优而选•答题时间：• 40-50分钟,也可以稍微多一点• IV. Word spelling•题型概述：•本题型是直接考查考生对大纲所要求的生词的掌握情况,要求根据汉语意思和词性以与首字母提示和规定的字母数量来写出所需要的单词.20小题,每题0.5分.•考查的知识点：•大纲以与课文所要求的生词.•出题来源：•大纲中,以与课文中出现的单词,有时也包括上册书中的.•复习重点：•背诵单词.•答题方法：•看汉语意思与词性,然后试填,遗留下来的最后再填,最后检查一遍.•答题时间：10分钟• V. Word form•题型概述：•本题型10题10分,这个题型考查考生的综合语言应用能力.效度很高.•考查的知识点：•尤其是考察动词时态、语态,非谓语动词,虚拟语气,形容词副词比较级,单词各种变形.•出题来源：•少量来自课本课后习题.•复习重点：•重点语法的复习,平时多练习.•答题方法：•你要先判断是考动词、形容词、虚拟语气还是词形变化.然后做出相应形式变化.•答题时间：10-15分钟• VI. Translation from Chinese into English/from English into Chinese•题型概述：•本题型是直接考查考生的英汉互译能力.汉译英是5个句子,每题3分,共15分.英译汉是一篇150字左右的英文文章翻译成汉语,15分.•考查的知识点：•词汇、语法,翻译能力.•出题来源：•汉译英出自教材,5个句子基本出自课后翻译练习与其变形. •英译汉出自课外材料,一篇文章,长度为150字左右.•复习重点：•汉译英的复习要吃透课本,做好课后翻译练习,注意word study 的用法和例句,平时多训练.•英译汉的复习要仔细理解下册书中关于翻译的方法讲解,重在领会翻译的精神和要求.。
英语二复习资料
英语⼆复习资料⾃学考试《英语（⼆）》复习资料I. ReadingSection A Task1 Directions: after reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 11 to 15. For each questions or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the paper.If you are a male and you are reading this, congratulations: you are a survivor. According to statistics. You are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer as a woman, and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman. There are many reasons for this typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don't go to the doctor. “Men aren't seeing doctors as often as they should，”says Dr.Gullotta，“This is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to strike.”Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45. it should be at least once a year. Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker's cough for a year. “When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer，”he says，“Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him，but it would have prolonged this life.”According to a recent survey，95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group.“A lot of men think they are invincible（不可战胜的）”Gullotta says“They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think.”Geez., if it could happen to him.Then there is the ostrich approach，“some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know，”says Dr. Ross Cart mill.“Most men get their car serviced more regularly than they service their bodies，”Cartmill says.He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups. Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says.“But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature death.”1.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?A.They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.B.Their average life span has been considerably extended.C.They have lived long enough to read this article.D.They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier live.2. What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women?A. Men drink and smoke much more than women.B. Men don't seek medical care as often as women.C.Men aren't as cautions as women in face of danger.D.Men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases.3.Which of the following best completes the sentence“Geez, if it could happen to him”（line2，para，8）?A. It could happen to me, too.B. I should avoid playing golf.C. I should consider myself lucky.D. It would be a big misfortune.4. What does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by“the ostrich approach”（line 1 para.9）?C. Refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved.D. Unwillingness to find out about one's disease because of fear.5. What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?A. They may increase public expenses.B. They will save money in the long run.C. They may cause psychological strains on men.D. They will enable men to live as long as women.Task 2 Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 16 through 20. Do you know how to use a mobile phone without being rude to the people around you?Talking during a performance irritate(激怒) people. If you are expecting an emergency call, sit near the exit doors and set your phone to vibrate. When your mobile phone vibrates, you can leave quietly and let the others enjoy the performance. Think twice before using mobile phones in elevators, museums, churches or other indoor public places—especially enclosed spaces. Would you want to listen to someone’s conversation in these places? Worse yet, how would you feel if a mobile phone rang suddenly during a funera l! It happens often than you think. Avoid these embarrassing situations by making sure your mobile phone is switched off.When eating at restaurant with friends, don’t place your mobile phone on the table. This conveys the message that your phone calls are more important than those around you.Mobile phones have sensitive microphones that allow you to speak at the volume you would on regular phone. This enables you to speak quietly so that others won’t hear the details of your conversations. If you are calling from a noisy area, use you hand to direct your voice into the microphone.Many people believe that they can’t live without mobile phone. Owning a mobile phone definitely makes life more convenient, but limit your conversations to urgent ones and save the personal calls until you are at home.Choose the best answers to the following questions.6. What should we do when you need to answer a phone call during a performance?A. Call back after the performance.B. Answer it near the exit door.C. Talk outside the exit door.D. Speak in low voice.7. Putting your mobile phone on a restaurant table may make your friends think _______.A. you prefer to talk to your friends at the tableB. you value your calls more than your friendsC.you are enjoying the company of your friendsD.you are polite and considerate of your friends8. When you are calling in a noise area, you are advised to _______.A. use a more sensitive microphoneB. shout loudly into your microphoneC. go away quietly to continue the phone callA. limitedB. expectedC. discouragedD.recommended10. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. You should limit your mobile phone calls to personal affairs.B. You should speak quietly into your phone while in a church.C. You are supposed to turn off your mobile phone at a funeral.D. You are supposed to use your mobile phone as much as possible.Task 3 Tap DancingMost of the arts in America are a combination of ideas and influences from many sources. Tap dancing certainly fits in this category. It is truly an American art, but it has been influenced by English and Irish dance steps as well as steps from Africa. Some historians argue that tap dancing was first done by slaves on Southern plantations in North America, and that originally steps were done wearing soft-soled shoes. Irish step dancing, which also involves intricate food patterns, contributed the movement of the free leg to one side and the swing of the elbows out ward. Wooden clog shoes were worn as tap dancing evolved, but for long time the steps were done flat-footed.Tap dancing developed into the form we recognize today in the early 20th century. Metal tapd were added to dance shoes, and a number of new techniques were perfected. One of the most important was the change from the flat-footed step to dancing on the balls of the feet. This is commonly attributed to dancer Bill Robinson. Another was the “cramp roll”, in which the dancer would rapidly move from the ball of the right foot to the ball of the left, and then to the heal of each foot. This separation of the steps into distinct areas of the foot, an innovation by dancer John Bubbles, allowed dancers to improvise even more new patterns. Slides across the floor and movements up and down stairs further enlivened tap. So did relaxed arm and shoulder movements. Challenges became a common part of dance routines, with dancers competing very hard to outperform each other with new and difficult steps. Many dancers excelled at tap and contributed to its development. Besides Bill Robinson and John Bubbles, well-known tappers have included Sammy Davis, Jr., Fred Astaire, Eleanor Powell, Gregory Hines, and Savion Glover.11. This text is mainly aboutA. famous tap dancersB. tap dancing on Southern plantationsC. tap shoesD. the development of tap dancing12. The phrase “attributed to” (Line 4, Para. 3) meansA. credited toB. describedC. turned toD. stated as a question13. The “cramps roll”(Line 5, Para. 3) was invented byA. Fred AstaireB. Bill Robinson14. One of the most important elements of tap dancing isA. intricate footworkB. smooth, flowing motionsC. dancing in rhythm with a partnerD. wearing wooden shoes15. Names are mentioned in this text in order toA. tell about the lives of famous tap dancersB. connect tap with jazz musicC. show the influence of women on tap dance.D. give credit to famous tap dancersSection B Directions: Read the following passages and statements which attach to each passage then mark Y (for Yes ) if the statement agrees with the information given in the text; N (for No) if the statement contradicts the information given in the text; NG (for Not Given)if the information is not given in the text.Task 4 The Language of ConfidenceThe language we use programs our brains. Mastering our language gives us a great degree of mastery over our lives and out destinies. It is important to use the language in the best way possible in order to dramatically improve our quality of life.Even the smallest of words can have the deepest effect on our subconscious mind, which is like a child, and it doesn’t really understand the difference between what really happens and what you imagine. It is eager to please and willing to carry out any commands that you give it----whether you do this knowingly or not is entirely up to you.“Try”It is a small word yet it has an amazing impact upon us. If someone says, “I’ll try to do that” you know that they are not going to be putting their whole heart into it, and may not even do it at all. How often do you use the owrd try when talking about the things that matter to you? Do you say “I’ll try to be more confident” or “I’ll try to do that” or “I’ll try to call”?Think about something that you would like to achieve, and say it to yourself in two different ways. Firstly say, “I’ll try to…”and notice how you feel. Next say, “I’ll do…” and see how you feel.The latter makes you feel better than the first one, doesn’t it? It gives you a sense of determination, a feeling that it will be done. Listen to the people around you and when they say they will try notice if it gets done or not. Eliminate the word try from your dictionary and see how your life improves.“Can’t”This is another small word with a big impact. It disempowers us, makes us feel weak and helpless, and damages our self-esteem. It limits our infinite abilities and stifles creativity. Rub it out from your internal dictionary and replace it with something that makes you feel great.Instead of saying you can’t, why not say something like “I choose…” or “I choose not to…”. Using words like this allows you to take back your power and to be in control of your life.Words may appear small and insignificant,, ye they can have a deep and lasting effect on us. Mastering your language gives you the power to live whatever life you desire. What words do you use a lot that disenpower you? Male a list of words you commonly use and then write next to them some alternatives you can use. Make these alternatives words that make feel fabulous, not only about yourself, but about life and what you are doing!( )/doc/87b0a258cd1755270722192e453610661ed95afd.html ing our language in the best way is significant for the improvement of our life.( )2. We can knowingly make our command carried out without using a word. ( )3. if we use the word try, we may not make( )5. We can use a word that makes us feel great to help us feel powerful.ⅡBridging the Gap9⽉公共英语3级（pets3）⽕热收单，⼀次考过！10⽉⾃考科⽬包过，实⼒验证加备⽤qq：380900834Directions: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given.Task 1.without fear under unavoidable so that success reachwisely as long as betweenLots of people don’t dare to make mistakes. The y①that they will be ridiculed or blamed by others. They fear that they will lose their money and belongings or b e② a lot of stress. But risks ar e③and they do pave the way you must tread upon toward s ④. Have you ever heard of someone who achieves succes s⑤making any mistakes before?So it is only natural that making mistakes in your effort t o⑥your dreams is considered a must, and you shouldn’t worry about that as you may get a lot of advantages out of your mistakes. By making mistakes at least you then can distinguish⑦the correct and the incorrect portions of what you did. Anthony D’Angelo said: “In order to succeed you must fail,⑧you know what to do the next time”, and Robert Louis Stevenson even went to the extreme as to say: “Our business in life is not to succeed but to continue to fail ingood spirits.”You needn’t worry about anythin g⑨you keep on going b y⑩learning your mistakes and trying even harder.improve stressed check out clearing away arrive weight priority different routine routeWe all get the Monday blues from time to time, but there are ways to①your working life and be happy at work. If you’re going through a rough patch at work or are lacking job satisfaction,②these ways to boost your mood and have a happier work day. If your workday often leaves you feeling③and overwhelmed, it is time to calm things down by setting more organized. Firstly, make sure you④a few minutes early for work to give you time to organize your tasks for the day and get mentally prepared. Secondly, organize your space by⑤any clutter and streaming your workspace. Finally, make a list of everything that you need to do that day in order of ⑥. If you can, try taking care of the more difficult things first to help take a⑦of your mind. Variety is the spice of life, and this is never truer than when it comes to your working day. Following the same ⑧day in, day out can quickly cause boredom and dissatisfaction to set in, so try making every day a little⑨in any way you can. Try doing routine tasks in a different order, talking to someone new or taking a different ⑩to work.. If you really can’t shake up your workday itself, instead try organizing something fun and different to do on your lunch break every so often.Ⅲ. Vocabulary and Structure9⽉公共英语3级（pets3）⽕热收单，⼀次考过！10⽉⾃考科⽬包过，实⼒验证加备⽤qq：380900834Section AFill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.command quality infinite commonly matter internal please impact remove opportunity renowned interview1.The man came to ___________the rubbish from the backyard.2.She sees the bar as a starting point and_________plans to run her own chainof country inns.3.The job pays well, but there’s not much ___________for career advancement.6.The Children ___________more to her than anything else in the world.7.Lung cancer is the most ___________found cancer in men.8.It ___________her mother that she chose a collage close to home.9.He hated being in the army because he had to obey ___________.10.The ___________of the picture on our television isn’t very good.Section BComplete the following sentences with the proper form of the word given in the brackets.1. These students are (commit)___________ to the cause of helping those who arenot able to help themselves.2. Don’t joke with Linda; she takes everything for too (serious) _________.3. For the next two hours she was (absorb)_________ in the film, which turnedout to be as good as she had hoped.4.He has given up running in order to (focused)_________on the long jump.5.Once he made up his mind (do)___________ something, there was nostopping him.6.Would you please turn the radio down while I’m reading? Th e loud(noisy)___________ is driving me crazy.7.In this store , you can find a wide variety of TV sets with prices (range)____________ from $500 to $ 1,000.8.She didn’t feel at her best in the match. That’s why she (lose) ________ the game.9.It’s only a test you’ve failed. (Light)________ up; it’s not a matter of life ordeath.10.She was so shy that she kept her eyes on the floor while ( talk ) ___________to the class.Section C Choose the best answer from the four choices11. If their marketing plans succeed, they ____ their sales by 20 percent.A. will increaseB. have been increasingC. have increasedD. would be increasing12. In some countries, _________is called "equality" does not really mean equal rights for all people.C. thatD. one13. She reached the top of the hill and stopped_____ on a big rock by the side of the path.A. to have restedB. restingC. to restD. rest14. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, __________ something occurred which attracted my attention.A. unlessB. untilC. whenD. while15. ___________ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off theedge of the earth.A. Having believedB. BelievingC. BelievedD. Being believed16. When a fire ___________ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.A. broke intoB. broke downC. broke outD. broke up17. “Would you please tell me how ________ a good impression?”Jim asked the teacher.A. makingB. makeC. madeD. to make18. _________ all the efforts made worldwide to battle against the disease, AIDS remains a huge global threat .C. ThoughD. Even if20. On hearing the sad news that her grandpa had passed away, she burst into __________.A. cryB. tearsC. laughD. listening22. What worries me is horrible music could have a __________ influence on SandyA. positiveB. negativeC. wonderfulD. rewarding23. I don’t know what’s happening to our little girl. She’s changing and I’m__________ about her.A. concerningB. concernC. concernedD. concerns24. At first, the speaker was referring to the problem of pollution in the country, buthalfway in her speech, she suddenly ___________ to another subject.A. committedB. switchedC. favoredD. transmitted25. A healthy life is frequently thought to be __________ with the open countrysideand homegrown food.A. tiedB. boundC. involvedD. associated26. By the end of this year，they ______the construction of the subway.A. will completeB. complete27. Are you going downtown this afternoon? I’m going to have these letters__________.A. to mailB. mailC. mailedD. mailing28. We have four computers in our office but______ of them are in good order．A. allB. noneC. oneD. bothⅣTranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases in the brackets.1. To our surprise, she (毫不犹豫地同意了).2. （绝望中我给医院打了个电话）in case there’d been an accident. (in desperation).3. The birth o f my first child (促使我写这篇⽂章). （prompt）4. The teacher asked the students whether that was (他们能够想出的最佳解决⽅案).（come up with）5. (尽管钢材供应不⾜)，industrial out put has increased by five percent. (despite)6. the exchange students (发现适应新学校很困难). (adapt to)7. Mother knew that she was the person who (孩⼦们愿意把⾃⼰的故事与她分享). (share…with)8. After heated discussion, the group finally (推举他们中的⼀员作为发⾔⼈).（elect）9. The team tried hard to apply for government funds, (却发现他们必须⾃⼰克服财政困难).10. Doctor always (强调平衡饮⾷的重要性).（stress the importance of）.ⅤWritingDirections: Write a short essay with a clear idea and effective development in about 150 words. You should base your writing on the following situation and give consideration to the unity, coherence and variety of each paragraph.There was a time when most people expected to get out of school, find a job, and stick with it pretty much for the rest of their lives. Today, the opposite is true. People tend to change jobs fairly often, for various reasons. When you graduate from college, will you be committed to a lifetime career or job-hop often? Give your reasons.。
全国英语二自考知识点总结
全国英语二自考知识点总结一、单元一：Unit 11.词汇知识首先学习了有关家庭和亲属关系的词汇。
根据不同的年龄和性别，家庭成员有爷爷、奶奶、爸爸、妈妈、姐姐、弟弟、儿子、女儿等。
亲属关系包括父母、子女、兄弟姐妹等。
2. 语法知识The use of the verb "to be"主要通过学习“be动词”的用法及其扩展，掌握了be动词的不同形式——am、is、are，以及其用法和基本句型。
英语中的复数形式了解了英语中名词的复数形式的构成规则，掌握了常见名词复数形式的变化规则。
3. 阅读技能通过描述和介绍家庭生活等内容的基础英语对话，学会了正确地理解阅读中的词语和句子，提高了阅读理解能力。
4. 写作技能掌握日常生活中描述家庭成员、自己爱好以及介绍自己的能力。
同时，学习了一般现在时的句子结构及常见问句的构成和用法，提高了日常生活中口语交际的能力。
5. 听力技能掌握了通过听力材料听懂日常生活中的一些简单对话，提高了日常生活中的交际能力。
二、单元二：Unit 21. 词汇知识学习了身体部位的名称，如head，shoulder，arm，hand，finger，leg，foot等。
2. 语法知识The use of the Simple Present Tense学习了一般现在时的基本构成和常见句型，提高了一般现在时的使用能力。
动词的否定句和疑问句掌握了动词的否定形式和疑问形式的基本构成和用法，提高了相关问句句型的灵活运用。
3. 阅读技能阅读理解内容主要涉及描述人体部位的基础知识，通过阅读加深了对这些知识的掌握和理解。
4. 写作技能学习了用英语如何正确描述自己的身体部位和健康状况，提高了描述自己和他人的能力，了解了一般现在时句型的使用。
5. 听力技能掌握了通过听力材料了解日常对话中关于身体部位和健康状况的内容，提高了日常交际和应对紧急情况的能力。
三、单元三：Unit 31. 词汇知识学习了有关学校生活的词汇，包括学校设施、课程安排、学习用品等。
《英语(二)》复习资料(自考专升本)
《英语（二）》复习资料语法主要考哪些项目？英语（二）最常考的语法项目包括：动词时态和语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、比较级、语序、主谓一致、强调句、基本句型。
* 最常考的时态：现在完成时、过去完成时、过去时、一般现在时和将来完成时。
* 最常考的非谓语动词：独立结构、动名词作某些动词的宾语、非谓语动词作定语和状语。
* 最常考的虚拟语气：与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的从句和主句。
* 最常考的定语从句：where 引导的定语从句、名词/代词+ of + which引导的定语从句。
* 名词性从句：what，whether 引导的主语或宾语从句、that 引导的同位语从句。
* 状语从句：now that，in that，in case，as，while 引导的状语从句。
哪些词最有可能考单词拼写？严格来说，只要是考纲中包括的词都有可能出现在单词拼写大题中，但是从历年考题可以看出，某些词的命中率要高于其它词，有些词甚至反复考过，这说明考生在背单词的时候还是可以在全面覆盖的基础之上突出重点、提高效率的。
在这里我们不可能一一罗列重要的词汇，下面是我总结的英语（二）常考单词的特点：* 绝大部分是长度在5-8个字母之间的中等难度的词，如：victim，gesture等；* 拼写和读音不完全对称的词，如：dumb，subtle等。
* 个别非常简单、但课文中不是很常见的名词，如：tube.* 从词性上来看，最常考的依次是名词、形容词、动词、和副词。
在复习这些单词时，一定要以考试大纲为准，而不能只背教材后面的生词表。
一方面，教材后面的生词表中包含了不少超刚词，完全不会考到；另一方面，对英语（二）来说，从下册教材生词表中出的单词只占三分之一，不可能涵盖所有要考的内容。
同样在复习时一定要讲究准确性，确保背一个记准一个，而不能只是记个大概，最后写出来每个都差不多但每个都有错。
复习建议针对上述预测，我们如何制定冲刺阶段的复习计划呢？下面是我推荐的三步复习法。
自考《英语二》高等教育自学考试2024年复习试题与参考答案
2024年高等教育自学考试自考《英语二》复习试题与参考答案一、阅读判断（共10分）First Question: Reading Comprehension and JudgmentPassage:In today’s rapidly evolving world, technology is playing an increasingly important role in our daily lives. One area where this is particularly evident is education. Traditional classroom learning is being complemented by digital tools that allow for personalized learning experiences. Online courses, educational software, and mobile applications are changing the way students learn and teachers teach.Technology has made it possible for students to access educational resources from anywhere at any time, provided they have an internet connection. This flexibility has opened up opportunities for those who might not otherwise be able to attend traditional schools due to geographic or financial constraints. However, while technology offers many benefits, it also poses challenges. Not all students have equal access to these technological resources, which can lead to disparities in educational outcomes. Furthermore, the reliance on technology raises questions about the skills that students will need in the future, as well as the roles of educators in guiding them.Despite these challenges, the integration of technology into education continues to grow. As we move forward, it will be essential to ensure equitable access to technology and to prepare students for a future where digital literacy is as crucial as traditional academic skills.Questions:1、The passage states that technology plays a minor role in education.Answer: False2、According to the text, online courses are one example of how technology complements traditional learning.Answer: True3、Technology has made education less accessible to people with financial limitations.Answer: False4、The passage suggests that the use of technology in education does not create any disparities.Answer: False5、Educators will need to adapt their roles to include guiding students in developing digital literacy.Answer: True第二题Read the following passage and then answer the questions below it.The internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and accessinformation. It has become an indispensable part of our daily lives, offering convenience and efficiency like never before. However, along with its benefits, the internet also brings challenges and risks.1、The internet has made our daily lives more convenient.2、The internet has had a significant impact on how we communicate.3、The passage suggests that the internet is not without its drawbacks.4、The passage implies that the internet is a necessary component of our lives.5、The author does not explicitly mention any risks associated with the internet.Answer the following questions based on the passage:1、（T/F）The internet has made our daily lives more convenient.2、（T/F）The internet has had a significant impact on how we communicate.3、（T/F）The passage suggests that the internet is not without its drawbacks.4、（T/F）The passage implies that the internet is a necessary component of our lives.5、（T/F）The author does not explicitly mention any risks associated with the internet.Answers:1、True2、True3、True4、True5、True二、阅读理解（共10分）Title: The Power of ReadingReading has been a vital part of human civilization since ancient times. It is a means of acquiring knowledge, understanding different perspectives, and expanding our horizons. In today’s fas t-paced world, where information is readily available at our fingertips, the significance of reading as a habit cannot be overstated.Books have the power to transport us to faraway lands, introduce us to fascinating characters, and spark imaginations. They can evoke emotions that range from joy and laughter to sadness and contemplation. Moreover, reading regularly can improve cognitive abilities, enhance vocabulary, and foster empathy.In an era where technology dominates our lives, it is easy to overlook the benefits of traditional reading. However, research has shown that digital distractions can hinder deep thinking and concentration. On the contrary, reading physical books or even e-books without distractions can significantly improve focus and comprehension.Beyond personal growth, reading is also a crucial skill for academic and professional success. It is a fundamental requirement for many educationalprograms and job positions. Students who read regularly perform better academically and develop critical thinking skills that are highly valued in today’s workforce.Furthermore, reading promotes lifelong learning. It encourages us to seek answers, question assumptions, and stay curious. As we grow older, our interests may evolve, but the joy of discovering new ideas through reading remains constant.Questions:1.What is the primary purpose of the passage?A) To criticize the use of technology in education.B) To promote the benefits of reading as a habit.C) To argue against the availability of information online.D) To describe the history of reading in human civilization.2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of reading regularly?A) Improved cognitive abilities.B) Increased focus and concentration.C) Enhanced physical fitness.D) Fostered empathy.3.According to the passage, why might digital distractions hinder deep thinking and concentration?A) Because they provide too much information at once.B) Because they make it difficult to stay focused on one task.C) Because they are not as effective as traditional reading methods.D) Because they are not suitable for academic or professional success.4.What is the importance of reading for academic and professional success?A) It is not essential but helpful.B) It is a fundamental requirement for many educational programs and job positions.C) It is only important for students, not professionals.D) It is not relevant in today’s technological world.5.What does the passage suggest about the joy of reading?A) It decreases as we grow older.B) It remains constant regardless of our age or interests.C) It is only present in physical books, not e-books.D) It is limited to certain types of books or genres.Answers:1.B) To promote the benefits of reading as a habit.2.C) Enhanced physical fitness.3.B) Because they make it difficult to stay focused on one task.4.B) It is a fundamental requirement for many educational programs and job positions.5.B) It remains constant regardless of our age or interests.三、概况段落大意和补全句子（共10分）First Question: Summarize the Main Idea and Complete the SentencesRead the following passage carefully and then summarize its main idea. After that, complete each of the sentences (1-5) below according to the information given in the passage. Write no more than 8 words for each blank.Passage:In recent years, there has been a significant shift towards online learning as an alternative or complement to traditional classroom-based education. Online learning offers unprecedented flexibility and accessibility, allowing students from all walks of life to pursue further education without being physically present at educational institutions. However, this new mode of education also presents unique challenges. For one, it requires a high level of self-discipline and time management skills from learners. Additionally, the lack of face-to-face interaction can sometimes lead to feelings of isolation among students. Despite these drawbacks, many educators believe that online learning is here to stay and will continue to evolve, offering increasingly sophisticated tools and resources to enhance the learning experience.Questions:1、The passage mainly discusses ________.Answer: The rise of online learning and its implications.2、One advantage of online learning is ________.Answer: Flexibility and accessibility.3、Online learning requires students to have ________.Answer: Self-discipline and time management skills.4、A disadvantage of online learning might be ________.Answer: Feelings of isolation due to lack of face-to-face interaction.5、According to the passage, the future of online learning is expected to ________.Answer: Evolve with better tools and resources.第二题Reading Content:In this fast-paced modern world, continuous learning and personal development have become crucial. Higher education self-study examination, also known as self-study examination, has emerged as a popular and effective way for individuals to advance their education and career. This type of examination allows students to study independently and take exams at their own pace, providing flexibility and convenience. The English Second level self-study examination is specifically designed for those who wish to improve their English proficiency through self-study.1.The main idea of the paragraph is that:A) Self-study examination is a traditional method of learning.B) Higher education self-study examination is a flexible and convenient option.C) English proficiency is not a priority in modern education.D) The paragraph is about the history of self-study examinations.Answer: B) Higher education self-study examination is a flexible and convenient option.2.According to the paragraph, self-study examination:A) Is only available for students who attend regular classes.B) Requires students to follow a strict schedule.C) Allows students to study independently and at their own pace.D) Is less effective than traditional classroom learning.Answer: C) Allows students to study independently and at their own pace.3.The paragraph mentions that the English Second level self-study examination:A) Is designed for students who are already proficient in English.B) Is a way for students to improve their English proficiency.C) Is more difficult than regular English courses.D) Is only offered in certain countries.Answer: B) Is a way for students to improve their English proficiency.4.The author implies that:A) Self-study examination is not as popular as traditional education.B) Self-study examination is only for those who are highly motivated.C) Self-study examination is not as effective as classroom learning.D) Self-study examination is not suitable for everyone.Answer: B) Self-study examination is only for those who are highly motivated.5.The paragraph suggests that:A) Higher education self-study examination is a recent development.B) Self-study examination is becoming less popular.C) The English Second level self-study examination is the most difficult.D) Self-study examination is a sustainable and effective way of learning.Answer: D) Self-study examination is a sustainable and effective way of learning.四、填空补文（共10分）Reading Passage:In many countries around the world, higher education is seen not only as a personal investment but also as a public good. Universities and colleges serve as centers of learning, innovation, and cultural exchange. However, access to higher education is often limited by financial constraints. To address this issue, some governments provide (1)_______aid to students in the form of grants and loans. Additionally, universities themselves may offer scholarships based on academic merit or (2) _______. Despite these efforts, disparities in access remain, particularly between urban and rural areas, and among different socio-economic groups. Some argue that technology, especially online learning platforms, can play a crucial role in (3)_______the gap and providing more inclusive access to higher education. Yet, there are concerns about the quality and (4)_______of online education compared to traditional classroom settings. Therefore, it is essential to find a balanced approach that leverages technology while maintaining educational standards and (5) _______.Questions:(1)The government provides_______aid to students.A)financialB)emotionalC)physicalD)technical(2)Scholarships may be offered based on academic merit or _______.A)athletic abilityB)family connectionsC)musical talentD)political influence(3)Technology can help in_______the gap in education access.A)increasingB)wideningC)bridgingD)deepening(4)Concerns are raised about the quality and_______of online education.A)costB)durationC)effectivenessD)popularity(5)A balanced approach should maintain educational standards and _______.A)affordabilityB)entertainmentC)traditionD)accessibilityAnswers:1.A) financial2.A) athletic ability3.C) bridging4.C) effectiveness5.D) accessibility五、填词补文（共15分）第一题阅读以下文章，然后根据文章内容选择合适的词填入空格中。
自考英语2复习资料
自考英语2复习资料自考英语2复习资料在历次自考中都占据重要的地位，自考的成或败很大程度上也取决于考生的英语，下面请看店铺带来的自考英语2复习资料自考英语2复习资料一、自考英语2复习资料二、常考句型1、范万德尔重病在身，再也不能说清楚话，他知道他没有康复的希望，身体状况正在急剧恶化。
P2Affected w ith a serious disease, van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there w as no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.2、在让自己的医生注射最后结束生命的那一针之前，范万德尔生命中的最后三个月被拍摄了下来，去年在荷兰电视上首次播出。
P3 Van Wendel’s last three months of life before being give n a final, lethal injection by his doctor w ere filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.3、从那时开始，已有20 多个国家买下了这个节目，每次播放都引起了对这一的'全国性大辩论。
P3The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationw ide debate on the subject.4、那些反对安乐死的人实际在告诉我，临终者没有这个权利。
P9What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven’t the right.三、习题1.词汇英译汉. weaken . deteriorate .debate . legal. request . criterion . ensure . oppose tradition consideration disabled . burdenvulnerable prohibition sensitive词组：. to debate on . to make request for be opposed to . to take … into account2.句子英译汉（重点句）Affected w ith a serious disease, van Wendal w as no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there w as no hope of recovery and that his condition w as rapidly deteriorating.Van Wendel’s last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by hisdoctor w ere filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is show n, it starts a nationw ide debate on the subject.What those people w ho oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people ha ven’t theright.The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering , that there is nochance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia .I think that anything that legally allow s the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.3.句子汉译英 P.59安乐死的确能解除临终病人的痛苦。
自考英语（二）最新复习资料
⾃考英语（⼆）最新复习资料课程代码： 0012 ⼤学英语⾃学教程（上册）课程⾃学辅导材料配套教材：《⼤学英语⾃学教程》（上册）主编：⾼远出版社：⾼等教育版次： 1999年版适⽤层次：本科内部教学使⽤⽬录UNIT ONE内容提要 (1)重点和难点 (1)复习思考题 (4)UNIT TWO内容提要 (6)重点和难点 (6)复习思考题 (8)UNIT THREE内容提要 (10)重点和难点 (10)复习思考题 (12)UNIT FOUR内容提要 (14)重点和难点 (14)复习思考题 (17)UNIT FIVE内容提要 (18)复习思考题 (21)UNIT SIX内容提要 (23)重点和难点 (23)复习思考题 (24)UNIT SEVEN内容提要 (26)重点和难点 (26)UNIT EIGHT内容提要 (29)重点和难点 (30)复习思考题 (31) UNIT NINE内容提要 (32)重点和难点 (33)复习思考题 (34) UNIT TEN内容提要 (35)重点和难点 (36) UNIT ELEVEN内容提要 (39)重点和难点 (40)复习思考题 (41) UNIT TWELVE内容提要 (42)重点和难点 (43)复习思考题 (44) UNIT THIRTEEN 内容提要 (45)重点和难点 (46)复习思考题 (48) UNIT FOURTEEN 内容提要 (49)重点和难点 (50)复习思考题 (51) UNIT FIFTEEN内容提要 (52)重点和难点 (53)复习思考题 (53) UNIT SIXTEEN内容提要 (54)重点和难点 (55)UNIT SEVENTEEN内容提要 (56)重点和难点 (57)复习思考题 (58)UNIT EIGHTEEN内容提要 (58)重点和难点 (59)复习思考题 (60)TEST PAPER (1) (62)TEST PAPER (2) (72)KEYS (83)Unit One内容提要:重点和难点Text A1.conversely : ad. 相反地You can add the water to the powder or, conversely, the powder to the water.可以将⽔加到粉末⾥，或者相反，将粉末加到⽔⾥。
6月自考英语(二)试题复习资料.docx
英语(二)试卷I Vocabulary and Structure(lOpoints 1 point each).从下列各句四个选项屮选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
1 .You may use bike ___ B _ you give it back to me tomorrow morning・A.unlessB. provided C・ though D・ because2.He could not —B ____ his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the universityA.hold upB. hold back C・ get over D. get through3.Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth _ C __ t heir childrenA.onB. forC. withD. to4.The teacher required that all errors should be _ B __ eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.A.deported B・ eliminated C・ deprived D・ implemented5.A person is lucky if his career _ C ____ with his interest and hobby・A.concerns B・ competes C. coinciders D・ compares6.Out sleep influences our mood, our mood, —A ____ .affects our performance.A.in return B・ in vain C・ in short D・ in turn7.It was _____ A __ o f you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.A.considerate B・ considering C・ considerable D・ considered8.Fd appreciate it very much if you could make some _ C ____ o n my recent article at the conference・A. requests B・references C. remarks D・restrictions9.He is __ A—absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of whafs going on in the room.A・ so B. each C・very D・much10.No sooner (选C)had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.A・ did I reach B.I had reachedC. had I reached D・I r eachedII .Cloze Test(10pointJ point each).下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。
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年自考英语二复习资料————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：2UNIT 1-1UNIT 1一、word studyobjective,accompany,argue,define①objectivea.⑴客观的，真实的。
⑵如实的，无偏见的。
We have to accept the objective reality as it is.我们必须接受客观事实。
The literary critics should be as objective as possible in analysis and judgement.文学批评家在分析和评价时应尽量不偏不倚。
n.目标，目的。
People work hard to carry out the economic objectives of the Ninth Five-Year Plan.人们为了实现第九个五年规划的经济目标而努力工作。
My objective for the present is to pass the oral exam.我目前的目标是通过口试。
②accompanyvt./vi.1、伴随，陪同；2、为。
伴奏The singer was accompanied on the piano by his pupil.演唱者由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏。
The lonely old man is accompanied by his dog.这位孤独的老人让他的狗作伴。
All orders must be accompanied with cash.所有的订货单必须随附现金。
③arguevt./vi.争辩，争论，辩论作不及物动词用时，后边可以接with,about或over，for（赞成）或against（反对）。
She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues.她总喜欢为极小的问题进行争论。
He often argues philosophy with James.他常和詹姆斯讨论哲学。
He argued for immediate action.他主张立即行动。
They argued against such a policy.他们反对这种政策。
vt.1、说服；2、用辩论说服argue into（out of）doing sth.. 说服某人做（不做）某事。
I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.我说服他不做这样危险的旅行。
3He argued that man was descended from apes.他论证人类的祖先是猿。
④definevt.1、解释，给。
下定义；2、限定，规定。
Work is defined as the product of a force and the distance through which its point of application moves in the direction of the force.功的定义是力和力的着力点沿力的方向移动的距离的乘积。
He has defined his position on the issues.他已表明自己在这些问题上的立场。
UNIT 1-2二、常考句型1、决策是在现有的可选做法中所做的选择。
P1A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.2、管理者经常必须对未来的情况下做出最佳的猜测，尽量不存侥幸。
P2Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance.3、如果没有选择，就无决策可言。
P3If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made.4、对于管理者而言，每次决策都受到政策、程序、法律、惯例等待因素的制约。
P3For managers, every decision has constraints based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like.5、例如，管理者有时以非此即彼的方式来处理问题。
P4For example, managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion.6、决策者们必须有办法决定数个可选项中的哪一个是最好的---哪一个对组织目标的实现起作用最大。
P6Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best—that is, which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals.7、就更大的系统来说，增加研究经费以便改进产品，对该组织更有益。
P6In the larger scheme of things, however, increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization.8、有些目标比另一些目标更重要，但其排序和重要性则因人和部门而异。
P7Some of these objectives are more important than others, but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department .三、习题1.单词英译汉goal, objective, accomplish, predict, accompany, implement, tendency, achievement, argue, budget, define, entity,42.词组英译汉in the way, in part, point of view, contribute to, to apply for, in hand, to turn down3.句子英译汉与常考句型相同。
4.Text A 汉译英决策者应该能够对将来作出最好的推测。
Decision makers should be able to make a best guess at what the future will be.有人认为经理们所作的一切均与决策有关。
Some people believe almost everything a manager does involves decision.没有正确的选择就没有正确的决定。
If there is no proper choice, there is no proper decision.不同的人对同样的问题有不同的看法，所以解决的办法也不同。
Different people have different ideas about the same problem; their solutions to the problem are, therefore, also different.决策者往往是公司业务发展的关键。
Decision makers often play the key role in the development of the business of a company.Decision makers are usually key people who determine the company's business development.UNIT 1-3四、历年试题1. Almost everything a manager does _______ (involve) decisions, indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making . (99.4)。
答案是involves . 考点: involve 为谓语动词，应该用一般现在时。
2.If there is no choice, there is no decision _______(make). (99.4)答案是to be made 。
考点：to be made 是动词不定式作定语修饰decision.3. If you are now_____your thirties, you can expect to live nearly one third of the rest of your life after the age of 60. (99.4)A. inB. atC. betweenD. among答案是 A.4. Almost everything a manager does_____decisions; indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making. (00.4)A. imposesB. improviseC. involvesD. indicates答案为C .5. When______(present) with a common case, sales managers tend to see sales problems and production managers see production problems.答案为presented . 考点：present 是过去分词作状语。
6. An organization is a group of people, and a decision_____(make) today may have5consequences far into the future.答案是made . 考点：make 是过去分词作定语，修饰decision .7. 汉译英：通常管理者必须对未来的情况作出最佳的预测。