主语和谓语的一致
主语与谓语一致性

主语与谓语一致性一、主语与谓语一致性主语与谓语一致性是语法学中的一个重要概念,指的是主语和谓语在人称和数方面保持一致。
在句子构成中,主语是句子的核心成分,谓语是对主语进行陈述或描述的动词或动词短语。
只有在主语与谓语之间存在一致性,才能确保句子的逻辑关系和语法正确性。
二、人称一致性在句子中,人称一致性要求主语和谓语在人称方面保持一致。
具体而言,当主语是第一人称(即“我”)时,谓语动词经常使用第一人称的形式,如“am”、“was”等。
当主语是第二人称(即“你”)时,谓语动词常常采用第二人称的形式,如“are”、“were”等。
当主语是第三人称(即“他/她/它”或其他名词)时,谓语动词则使用第三人称的形式,如“is”、“was”、“has”等。
例如:I am a teacher.(我是一名教师。
)You were here yesterday.(你昨天在这里。
)He is a doctor.(他是一名医生。
)三、数一致性数一致性要求主语和谓语在数方面保持一致。
通常,在句子中,主语和谓语动词的单复数形式需要保持一致。
如果主语是单数形式,谓语动词也应该使用单数形式;如果主语是复数形式,谓语动词则使用复数形式。
例如:She plays the piano.(她弹钢琴。
)They are students.(他们是学生。
)四、特殊情况在一些特殊情况下,需要注意特殊的主语和谓语一致性问题。
1.复合主语:当句子中出现有两个或更多个并列主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于这些主语是否为单数或复数。
例如:Tom and Jerry are friends.(汤姆和杰瑞是朋友。
)Milk and bread are on the table.(牛奶和面包在桌子上。
)2.连接词“or”和“nor”:当连接词“or”和“nor”连接两个主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于离谓语动词最近的那个主语。
例如:Tom or his friends are coming.(汤姆或者他的朋友们即将到来。
主谓一致的基本规则及常见例子

主谓一致的基本规则及常见例子主谓一致是指主语在人称和数上与谓语动词保持一致。
主谓一致在语法中起到重要的作用,它决定了句子的正确性和语言的表达清晰度。
本文将介绍主谓一致的基本规则,并给出常见的例子以帮助读者更好地理解和运用。
一、一般现在时中的主谓一致在一般现在时中,主语与谓语动词需要保持一致。
当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式。
例如:1. He goes to school by bus every day.(第三人称单数主语)2. They go to school by bus every day.(非第三人称单数主语)在第一个句子中,主语"He"是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词"go"也使用了第三人称单数形式"goes"。
而在第二个句子中,主语"They"是非第三人称单数,所以谓语动词"go"保持了原始形式。
二、存在助动词的句子中的主谓一致当句子中存在助动词时,主语与助动词的词形要保持一致。
例如:1. She is reading a book.(动词“be”+现在分词)2. They are reading books.(动词“be”+现在分词)在第一个句子中,主语“She”是第三人称单数,所以助动词“is”也使用了第三人称单数形式。
而在第二个句子中,主语“They”是非第三人称单数,所以助动词“are”保持了原始形式。
三、特殊情况下的主谓一致1. 连接词“either...or...”或“neither...nor...”连接两个主语时,谓语动词要与靠近的主语保持一致。
例如:Neither John nor his friends are going to the party.(“neither...nor...”连接两个主语,谓语动词与靠近的主语"friends"保持一致)2. 当主语为复数形式,但表示整体单一概念时,谓语动词要使用单数形式。
主语和谓语的一致

主语和谓语的一致.1.主语和谓语的一致关系:谓语要与主语在人称和数上保持一致:Herdreamshavecometrue.Herdreamhascometrue.Neitherhenortheyarewhollyright.NeitherTomnortheBrownsenjoytheirjourneytoBeijingowingtothebadweath er.Eitheryourkeyormykeyismissing.Notonlybutalsotheirteacherhasparticipatedintheparty.HeorIaminthewrong.-what’sworthvisitingthere?-well,there’sthepark,thecastleandthemuseum.3.主谓一致的具体原则:3–1.根据语法一致的原则确定谓语形式:单数主语+单数谓语;复数主语+复数谓语Theteacherencouragesthestudentstospeakfreely. Mywagesarelow,butmetaxesarehigh.Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,wassenttohelpinthiswork. Theteacher,asmuchastheparents,istoblamefortheaccident.Mr.Robbins,accompaniedbyhiswife,isarrivingtonight.3–2主语含有and时的谓语形式:“单数名词+and+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数.Reading,writingandarithmeticarecalledthethreeR’s.JoeandBobaresmart.HeandIaregoodfriends. Thepoetandthenovelistwerebothpresentatthemeeting.如果由and所连接的并列主语指的是同一个人或物事,谓语动词用单数. Thestatesmanandpoetwasengagedinwarfareallhislife. Ateacherandnovelistisgoingtomakeaspeechinthehall.A/The+单数名词人+and+单数名词人+单数谓语Eachboyandgirlwasgivenabook.Eachbookandeachpaperisheldinplace. Everyminuteandeverysecondisprecious.主语为“形容词+and+形容词+不可数名词或复数可数名词”,并且是涉及到该名词的品种或类别时,谓语动词用复数. Chineseandbritishbeerareservedatthepub.Coolingdraftbeerisservedatthepub. Cleveranddullstudentsaretreatedalike. Thereisablackandwhitepictureonthewall.当“both…and”连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数. Bothhisbrotherandsisteraremarried. Bothwhalesanddolphinsaremammals.3–3根据邻近词一致的原则确定谓语形式:Eighthoursofsleepisenough.Fiveisanoddnumber.Ahundredmilesisquiteadrive,isn’tit? Fivetonsisaheavyload. Tendollarsistoomuchtopayforthatshirt.复数形式的专有名词作主语.ThePhilippinesconsistsofmorethan7,000islands. TheUnitedNationshasitsheadquartersinNewYorkCity. TheTimeshasalargecirculation.“manya/morethanone+单数名词”作主语. Manyalittlemakesamickle. Manyashiphasbeenwreckedonthoserocks. Morethanongrammaticalmistakeswasfoundinhiscomposition.谓语用复数形式.Severalofyouneedtoworkharder. Severalhavealreadywrittentome.3–6谓语用单复数皆可的情况:有些名词形式上是复数,但做主语,谓语多用单数,也可以用复数形式. Means,works,tidings,headquarter等;Thefirm’sheadquartersare/isinLondon. Thegoodtidingcome/comestoolate.Thereis/arenomeansoffindingoutwhathappened. Thesteelworksis/areclosedfortheholiday.数词组成的数学算式作主语,谓语单复亦可: Twoandthreeis/arefive.Twicetwomake/makesfour.Eitherisacceptable. Eitheroneisgoodenoughforme.Is/areeitherofthemadoctor?Neitheris/aretoblame. Neitheransweriscorrect.Neitherofuswants/wanttodoit.注意,neither,eitherof和neitherof等用于否定或疑问句时,特别在口语中,也可以跟复数谓语.All,some,more,most作主语或主语一部分时上述+不可数名词作主语,谓语用单数;上述+复数可数名词作主语,谓语用复数形式;Allhopehasgone.Somemoneywasspentonbooks.-Isthereanymilkinthecup?-No,thereisnone.Nonehavearrived.Nonehasreturnedfromthemeeting.“N oneof+名词”作主语:Noneofusisperfect.Noneoftheguestswanttostay. Noneofthismoneyisyours. Noneofthesesuggestionsis/areveryhelpful.Any用作主语或主语一部分:Anyisbetterthannone.Anyisgoodenoughforme.Givemesomeifthereare/isany.Halfofmyclasshas/haveobtaineddriver’slicenses. Halfofthemarehere.Halfoftheplumsarebad.Enough作主语或主语的一部分: Enoughhasbeensaidonthismatter. Enoughareheretoconstituteaquorum.Thereisenoughfoodforeverybody.Thereareenoughplayersforagame.3–8表示数量的短语作主语时的谓语形式:Alotof,lotsof,plentyof,thepercentageof,分数词+of,aquantityof,quantitiesof作主语的一部分时:Two-fifthsofthemoneyismine.Two-fifthsofthestudentsintheclassarefromArabic-speakingcountries.Thereisn’tanymailforyoutoday.There’resomegoodprogramsonTV.非正式英语中,如果therebe后是由and连接的并列主语,可以用复数谓语,也可以依据邻近词一致的原则来确定谓语形式. Thereareabluepenandayellownotebookonherdesk. Thereisabluepenandayellownotebookonherdesk.3–10需经判断来确定句子的谓语形式:1.集合名词作主语如果集合名词被看作是一个整体,或一个组织,谓语动词用单数形式Thegraduatingclassisinthelaboratory.Theaudiencewasrathersmall.Ateamwhichisfullofenthusiasmismorelikelytowin.如果着重其各组成部分或成员的行动,谓语用复数形式.Thebeautifulexistsincontrastwiththeugly.4.以–ics结尾的学科名词作主语一些这样的词作学科名称时,谓语用单数Physicswashismajor.Mathematicsisherstrongestsubject.Strategywinswars,tacticswinsbattles.精心整理这样的名词作普通名词,谓语用复数Whataretheeconomicsoftheproject?Thelateststatisticstellthetruthoffacts.Yourmathematicsarenotsogood.Politics[单数]政治学[复数]政治活动或手腕Statistics统计学统计数字或资料Tactics兵法,战术策略,手法。
句子的主语和谓语的一致性

句子的主语和谓语的一致性句子的主语和谓语的一致性是语法中一个重要的概念。
主语是句子中起主导作用的成分,谓语则表示主语的动作或状态。
在英语中,主语和谓语在人称和数上需要保持一致,即要匹配上。
本文将探讨句子的主语和谓语一致性,包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、和一般现在进行时等不同时态的情况下主谓一致的规则和例子。
一般现在时态:在一般现在时态中,主谓一致的规则是,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语要加上"-s"或"-es"。
比如:1. She likes to read books.(她喜欢读书。
)2. My sister works as a teacher.(我妹妹是一名教师。
)一般过去时态:在一般过去时态中,主谓一致的规则是,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语要使用过去式。
比如:1. He played soccer yesterday.(他昨天踢足球了。
)2. The cat meowed loudly.(猫叫得很大声。
)一般将来时态:在一般将来时态中,主谓一致的规则是,谓语要使用"will"或"shall",无论主语是什么人称或数。
比如:1. I will go to the party tomorrow.(明天我会去参加派对。
)2. They will finish the project next week.(下周他们会完成这个项目。
)一般现在进行时态:在一般现在进行时态中,主谓一致的规则是,谓语要根据主语的人称和数使用“am”,“is”或“are”。
比如:1. I am studying for exams at the moment.(我现在正在备考。
)2. They are watching a movie together.(他们正在一起看电影。
)除了上述时态,其他时态也有相应的主谓一致规则。
在特殊情况下,当主语是两个或多个名词(复数主语)时,谓语动词要使用复数形式。
句子的主语和谓语的一致性

句子的主语和谓语的一致性在英语句子中,主语和谓语的一致性是语法上的基本原则。
主语和谓语在人称(第一人称、第二人称、第三人称)和数(单数、复数)上必须保持一致。
这种一致性对于句子的准确性和流畅性非常重要。
一、主语和谓语的一致性在人称上的应用在句子中,主语和谓语的一致性需保持在人称上。
以下是不同人称的主语和谓语一致性的例子:1. 第一人称单数主语和谓语一致:I am a student.(我是一个学生。
)2. 第二人称单数主语和谓语一致:You are a teacher.(你是一位老师。
)3. 第三人称单数主语和谓语一致:He is a doctor.(他是一名医生。
)4. 第三人称复数主语和谓语一致:They are engineers.(他们是工程师。
)二、主语和谓语的一致性在数上的应用在句子中,主语和谓语的一致性同样需保持在数上。
以下是不同数的主语和谓语一致性的例子:1. 单数主语和谓语一致:The book is on the table.(这本书在桌子上。
)2. 复数主语和谓语一致:The books are on the table.(这些书在桌子上。
)三、主语和谓语的一致性中的特殊情况在某些情况下,特定的主语和谓语一致性规则需要注意:1. 使用连接词"and"的主语和谓语一致性:当使用连接词"and"连接了两个以上的主语时,主语和谓语要保持复数一致。
例如:Tom and Jerry are friends.(汤姆和杰瑞是朋友。
)2. 主语是复数形式,但表示单数意义时的一致性:有些名词看似是复数形式,但实际上表示单数意义。
这些名词与谓语保持单数一致。
例如:Physics is my favorite subject.(物理学是我最喜欢的科目。
)3. 主语和谓语之间有插入语时的一致性:当主语和谓语之间有插入语时,主语和谓语的一致性不受插入语的影响。
英语主谓一致十大总结

英语主谓一致十大总结主谓一致是英语语法中的重要部分,指的是主语与谓语之间在人称和数上的一致。
正确使用主谓一致规则能够使句子更加准确、流畅。
下面是英语主谓一致的十大总结。
1. 单数主语,单数谓语当句子的主语是单数形式时,谓语动词也要使用单数形式。
例如:- The cat dives gracefully into the water.2. 复数主语,复数谓语当句子的主语是复数形式时,谓语动词也要使用复数形式。
例如:- The cats dive gracefully into the water.3. 主语是不可数名词,谓语使用单数不可数名词是指无法分为可数单位的名词,如water、knowledge等。
当句子的主语是不可数名词时,谓语动词使用单数形式。
例如:- The water flows smoothly down the river.4. 主语包括and连接的两个或多个名词,谓语使用复数当句子的主语由and连接的两个或多个名词组成时,谓语动词使用复数形式。
例如:- Tom and Jerry are good friends.5. 主语包括either/or、neither/nor连接的两个名词,谓语与最近的名词保持一致当句子的主语由either/or、neither/nor等连接的两个名词组成时,谓语动词与最近的名词在人称和数上保持一致。
例如:- Either Tom or Jerry is responsible for the mess.6. 主语是集体名词,谓语根据上下文确定单复数集体名词指代一群人或事物的总称,如team、family等。
谓语动词的单复数形式根据上下文来确定。
例如:- The family goes to the park every weekend.7. 主语是某些固定短语时,谓语使用单数某些固定短语作为主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式。
例如:- Bread and butter is a common breakfast choice.8. 主语是以each、every、everyone、everything等开头时,谓语使用单数当句子的主语以each、every、everyone、everything等词开头时,谓语动词使用单数形式。
主谓一致的几个原则

主谓一致的几个原则主谓一致是指在一个句子中,主语和谓语在人称、单复数等方面保持一致。
主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要原则,不仅在正式写作中应遵循,也在口语交流中起到维持语言的准确性和易懂性的作用。
以下是几个关于主谓一致的原则:1.主语与谓语在人称上保持一致:主语和谓语在人称上应该保持一致,即第一人称(I/We)、第二人称(You)、第三人称(He/She/It/They)对应相应的谓语动词形式。
例如:- I am (第一人称单数)- We are (第一人称复数)- You are (第二人称单复数)- She is (第三人称单数)- They are (第三人称复数)2.单数主语使用单数谓语,复数主语使用复数谓语:主谓一致也适用于单数和复数形式的主语和谓语。
单数主语使用单数谓语,复数主语使用复数谓语。
例如:- The book is on the table. (单数主语与单数谓语)- The students are studying in the library. (复数主语与复数谓语)3.谓语根据主语的单复数形式变化:谓语动词的形式会根据主语的单复数形式而发生变化。
一般情况下,复数主语使用谓语动词的原形,而单数主语使用谓语动词的第三人称单数形式。
例如:- The dog barks. (单数主语使用第三人称单数动词形式)- The dogs bark. (复数主语使用动词原形)4.不定代词与谓语要保持一致:在使用不定代词作为主语时,谓语动词的形式要与不定代词的数保持一致。
例如:- Somebody has left their bag. (不定代词somebody与谓语动词has保持一致)5.基于语法结构的主谓一致:有些复杂的语法结构,在主谓一致上需要更多的注意。
例如:- 以either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...连接两个主语时,谓语动词的形式要与靠近的主语保持一致,例如:- Either John or his friends are going to the party. (谓语动词与靠近的主语friends保持一致)- Neither the teacher nor the students were present. (谓语动词与靠近的主语students保持一致)- 当主语由as well as、along with、together with等短语结构引出时,谓语动词的形式要与前面的主语保持一致- The book, as well as the pen, is on the table. (谓语动词与前面的主语book保持一致)- 当主语由there is/are开头时,谓语动词的形式要与后面的主语保持一致,例如:- There is a book on the table. (谓语动词与后面的主语book保持一致)- 当主语由a number of、a majority of、the majority of等短语开头时,谓语动词的形式要与后面的名词保持一致,例如:总之,主谓一致是英语语法中的重要原则,人们在使用英语时应该根据主语的单复数形式、人称以及语法结构等因素,正确选择与之相对应的谓语动词形式。
主谓一致

主谓一致主谓一致是指两个语法成分,即主语和谓语,之间的协调成分。
在英语中,主谓一致主要是指用作主语的名词或代词和用作谓语的动词在人称、数、性格等方面的一致。
通常遵循三个原则,即就近原则和语法原则。
1.就近原则谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语(主要指名词或代词)的单、复数形式,这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。
(1)在“名(代)词+or+名(代)词”结构后的动词一般应与or后的名(代)词一致。
He or his brothers were to blame .应该怪他或他的兄弟们。
You or Mary is going to meet them at the station this afternoon .今天下午你或玛丽将到火车站接他们。
(2)“either+名(代)词+or +名(代)词”结构后的动词一般应与or后的名(代)词一致。
Either the shirts or the sweater is a good buy这些衬衣,或者这件毛衣,买了是会合算的。
Either dye or oil paints are used to colour cloth .给布料上色要么用染料,要么用油漆。
(3)“not only +名(代)词+but (also)+名(代)词”结构后的动词一般应与but(also)后的名(代)词一致。
Not only the students but also their teacher is enjooying the film.不仅学生们在欣赏这部电影,他们的老师也在欣赏这部电影。
Not only our society but also the people in it have changed .不仅是他父母,而且他本人都想团聚在一起。
(4)“neither +名(代)词+nor +名(代)词”结构后的动词一般应与nor 后的名(代)词一致。
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主语和谓语的一致 Company number:【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】主语和谓语的一致.1.主语和谓语的一致关系:谓语要与主语在人称和数上保持一致:Her dreams have come true.Her dream has come true.She often arrives at school late.They often arrive at school late.It is getting dark.Eggs are getting scarcer.I am getting bored.2.确定主语单复数的三个原则:2 – 1. 语法上一致的原则:The boy plays football well.The boys play football well.It is bitterly cold.I am very cold.2 – 2. 概念上一致的原则:My family are all early risers. (指家中的全体成员, 有复数含义)His family has moved into the new house. (指整个家, 用作单数)Five minutes is enough. (一个时间段, 看作单数)The crew are waiting for instructions from the captain. (指全体船员, 复数)2 – 3. 邻近词一致的原则:Neither he nor they are wholly right.Neither Tom nor the Browns enjoy their journey to Beijing owing to the bad weather.Either your key or my key is missing.Not only but also their teacher has participated in the party.He or I am in the wrong.-what’s worth visiting there-well, there’s the park, the castle and the museum.3. 主谓一致的具体原则:3 – 1. 根据语法一致的原则确定谓语形式:单数主语 + 单数谓语; 复数主语+ 复数谓语The teacher encourages the students to speak freely.My wages are low, but me taxes are high.Their house has nine room.It always pays to give your paper one final check.在“主语+系词+表语结构”中, 系动词要与主语的数保持一致, 不受其表语的影响.Their greatest concern is the children.The most appreciated gift was the clothes that you sent us.What we need most is books.Paul is friends with bill.在“单数名词(主语)+(together)with+名词”结构中谓语只与主语保持一致, 这是因为上述短语只起修饰主语的作用, 而非主语的一部分.短语:Along with, as well as, in addition to, accompanied by, rather than, as much as, no less than, including, besides, except, but, like.The factory with all its equipment has been burnt.You as well as I are wrong.The manager, along with his secretaries, is going to a dinner party tonight.An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.The teacher, as much as the parents, is to blame for the accident.Mr. Robbins, accompanied by his wife, is arriving tonight.3 – 2 主语含有 and时的谓语形式:“单数名词 + and + 单数名词”作主语, 谓语动词用复数.Reading, writing and arithmetic are called the three R’s.Joe and Bob are smart.He and I are good friends.The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.如果由 and 所连接的并列主语指的是同一个人或物事, 谓语动词用单数.The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.A teacher and novelist is going to make a speech in the hall.A / The + 单数名词人 + and + 单数名词人 + 单数谓语指同一个人身兼两种职务.A / The + 单数名词人 + and + a/the + 单数名词 + 复数谓语指不同职务的两个人.The conductor and composer was greeted by a crowd of people.The conductor and the composer were greeted by a crowd of people.一下已被看成一个整体, 因而做主语时, 谓语动词用单数.Knife and fork, needle and thread, a cup and saucer, a horse and carriage, trial and error, law and order, etc.Law and order has been established.Bread and butter is our daily food.Fish and chips is a popular fast food.The stars and stripes is the natioanl flag of USA.The sum and substance of the speech was antiwar.主语为“every / each + 单数名词 + and + (every / each +) 单数名词”时, 谓语用单数.Every man, woman, and child needs love.Each boy and girl was given a book.Each book and each paper is held in place.Every minute and every second is precious.主语为“形容词 + and + 形容词 + 不可数名词或复数可数名词”, 并且是涉及到该名词的品种或类别时, 谓语动词用复数.Chinese and british beer are served at the pub.Cooling draft beer is served at the pub.Clever and dull students are treated alike.There is a black and white picture on the wall.当“both … and ”连接两个单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.Both his brother and sister are married.Both whales and dolphins are mammals.3 – 3 根据邻近词一致的原则确定谓语形式:用 or 连接两个名(代)词作主语时, 依据“邻近原则”确定谓语形式.George or Tom is wanted.George or I am wrong.Were you or he there用 either … or 连接连个名代词作主语时, 邻近原则.Either John or his friends are to blame for the bad results.Either the shirts or the sweater is a good buy.Not only … but also …; not … but …连接两个名代词作主语时, 邻近原则.Not only Mary but also John was invited to the party.Not the students but their teacher is invited to the party.3 –4 谓语用单数形式的情况:动名词, 动词不定式或主语从句作主语.Reasing is a great pleasure in life.To live means to creat.That we need more time is obvious.数词或“数词 + 复数名词 (表示时间, 距离, 金额, 重量, 大小, 体积等)”作主语. Eight hours of sleep is enough.Five is an odd number.A hundred miles is quite a drive, isn’t itFive tons is a heavy load.Ten dollars is too much to pay for that shirt.复数形式的专有名词作主语.The Philippines consists of more than 7,000 islands.The United Nations has its head quarters in New York City.The Times has a large circulation.“many a / more than one + 单数名词”作主语.Many a little makes a mickle.Many a ship has been wrecked on those rocks.More than on grammatical mistakes was found in his composition.表示群意义的词组, 如: a flock of birds, a pack of dogs, a pride of lions, a herd of cattle, a school of fish 作主语.A flock of birds is circling overhead.The herd of cattle is breaking away.3 – 5 谓语用复数形式的情况:trousers, pants, pyjamas, shorts, pliers, scissors, pincer, tongs, glasses, spectacles, tights, compasses等;一般都用复数形式, 但当这些词前面有单数量词时, 谓语动词常用单数形式. Where are my scissorsThere is a pair of scissors on the table.有些集合名词作主语时, 要用复数形式的谓语.Sheep, Cattle, Police, Poultry, militia, people等;Cattle feed on grass.The police are looking into the matter.“S everal / (a) few / both / many + (of+) 复数可数名词或上述词”单独用作主语时, 谓语用复数形式.Several of you need to work harder.Several have already written to me.3 – 6 谓语用单复数皆可的情况:有些名词形式上是复数, 但做主语, 谓语多用单数, 也可以用复数形式.Means, works, tidings, headquarter等;The firm’s headquarters are / is in London.The good tiding come / comes too late.There is / are no means of finding out what happened.The steel works is / are closed for the holiday.数词组成的数学算式作主语, 谓语单复亦可:Two and three is/are five.Twice two make/makes four.一些复数形式疾病名称作主语, 通常用单数, 复数也可以.The measles is an infectious illness.Mumps is/are fairly rare in adults.3 – 7 不定代词作主语时的谓语形式:由 any, some, no, every 与body, one, thing 构成的不定代词作主语或主语的一部分, 谓语用单数.Somebody, anyone, nothing, everyone等;Everybody is doing his best.There is nothing you can do to help.There’s something interesting in the newspaper.“each, each + 单数可数名词; each of + 复数名词”作主语时, 谓语用单数形式.Each arrives on time.Each of the building blocks is painted a different colour.Each boy has tried twice.Each 位于复数主语之后, 不影响主语的数, . The boys each have an apple. Either, neither 作主语或主语一部分时, 谓语用单数形式:Either is acceptable.Either one is good enough for me.Is/are either of them a doctorNeither is/are to blame.Neither answer is correct.Neither of us wants/want to do it.注意, neither, either of 和neither of 等用于否定或疑问句时, 特别在口语中, 也可以跟复数谓语.All, some, more, most 作主语或主语一部分时上述 + 不可数名词作主语, 谓语用单数;上述 + 复数可数名词作主语, 谓语用复数形式;All hope has gone.Some money was spent on books.All roads lead to Rome.Most Arabic speakers understand Egyptian.All is going well.There’s some in the pot.The most you can hope for is five dollars.All are agreed on this point.Some are wise and some are otherwise.Many people support the proposal, but more are against it.All, some, more, most 与 of 连用时:同样原则;All of this is yours.Some of the book is good.Some of the food has been eaten, but not all of it.Most of his writing is rubbish.Most of the books on that shelf are in English, and the rest are in Russian or French. None 作主语或主语一部分时:-Is there any milk in the cup-No, there is none.None have arrived.None has returned from the meeting.“N one of + 名词”作主语:None of us is perfect.None of the guests want to stay.None of this money is yours.None of these suggestions is/are very helpful.Any 用作主语或主语一部分:Any is better than none.Any is good enough for me.Give me some if there are/is any.If there is any trouble, let me know.Any child wants to know that.There are scarcely any flowers in the garden.Any of these authorities are/is reliable.I don’t think any of us want/wants to work tomorrow. Is there any more of this stuffHalf 用作主语或主语一部分:Half was damaged.Half are here.I broke the chocolate into halves, and here’s your half. Half his time was wasted.Half the soldiers were killed.Half my class has/have obtained driver’s licenses. Half of the apple was rotten.Half of the time was spent in the country.Half of the fruit is bad.Half of my class has/have obtained driver’s licenses. Half of them are here.Half of the plums are bad.Enough 作主语或主语的一部分:Enough has been said on this matter.Enough are here to constitute a quorum.There is enough food for everybody.There are enough players for a game.3 – 8 表示数量的短语作主语时的谓语形式:A lot of, lots of, plenty of, the percentage of, 分数词 + of, a quantity of, quantities of 作主语的一部分时:Two-fifths of the money is mine.Two-fifths of the students in the class are from Arabic-speaking countries.There was quantities of rain this fall.Lots of my friends are here.There were a quantity of people in the hall.A great deal of, an amount of, (a) little of, much of 与不可数名词连用时, 谓语用单数:Much of that furniture is uncomfortable.Little of the equipment was standardized.There is a limited amount of oil in the world.A good many, a great many, a number of 与复数可数名词连用, 谓语用复数. There were a great (good) many people in the park.A number of students were absent.“the number of + 复数名词 + 单数谓语”, 因为the number of 的词义为“…的数目”, 如the number of days in a week is seven.3 – 9 there be 句型中的谓语形式:There be 句型中, be 的形式通常取决于be后的主语的数;There aren’t any letters in the mail for you today.There isn’t any mail for you today.There’re some good programs on TV.非正式英语中, 如果there be 后是由and 连接的并列主语, 可以用复数谓语, 也可以依据邻近词一致的原则来确定谓语形式.There are a blue pen and a yellow notebook on her desk.There is a blue pen and a yellow notebook on her desk.3 – 10 需经判断来确定句子的谓语形式:1.集合名词作主语如果集合名词被看作是一个整体, 或一个组织, 谓语动词用单数形式The graduating class is in the laboratory.The audience was rather small.A team which is full of enthusiasm is more likely to win.如果着重其各组成部分或成员的行动, 谓语用复数形式.The class were all cheerful.The audience were excited by his speech.The team were talking over some new plays.常用集合名词:Army, audience, club, class, committee, crew, faculty, troop, group, organization, government, jury, public, school, staff, team 等;2.物主代词作主语Mine is a new bike.Theirs are old bikes.3.“the + 形容词”作主语指人时, 谓语用复数The rich get richer and the poor get poorer.The good are well rewarded, and the bad are punished.The old are a part of the society.指抽象概念时, 谓语用单数The old gives place to the new.The beautiful exists in contrast with the ugly.4.以–ics 结尾的学科名词作主语一些这样的词作学科名称时, 谓语用单数Physics was his major.Mathematics is her strongest subject.Strategy wins wars, tactics wins battles.这样的名词作普通名词, 谓语用复数What are the economics of the projectThe latest statistics tell the truth of facts.Your mathematics are not so good.Politics [单数]政治学 [复数]政治活动或手腕Statistics 统计学统计数字或资料Tactics 兵法, 战术策略, 手法Acoustics 声学建筑物的传声性Economics 经济学经济因素或财务上的考虑An army commander must be skilled in tactics.These tactics are unlikely to help you.Statistics is a branch of mathematics.These statistics show that there are 57 deaths per 1000 children born.Acoustics is taught in this college.The acoustics of the theatre are very good.5.What / which / who 等疑问代词作主语或主语一部分Which is your favourite subjectWhich are your favourite subjectsWho is the woman in the black hatWho are the men in white coatsWhat she said is true.What she left me are a few old books.。