浙江大学远程教育学院习题集

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浙江大学远程教育学院模拟试题答案

浙江大学远程教育学院模拟试题答案课程代码名称18030740兽医微生物学与免疫学年级专业（层次）畜牧兽医专升本一、填空题(20分，每空1分)1. 吕文虎克(Antony van Leeuwenhoek)2. 微米(micrometer, μm)3. 球状(菌)、杆状(菌)、螺旋状(菌)4. 细胞壁、细胞膜、细胞质、核体5. 营养物质、温度、酸碱度、渗透压、气体环境6. 酵母菌、霉菌、担子菌7. 立克次体8. 中枢免疫器官、外周免疫器官二、名词解释(30分，每题5分)1. LD50：即半数致死量(median lethal dose)，是指能使接种的实验动物在感染后一定时限内死亡一半所需的微生物量或毒素量。

2. 质粒：是细菌染色体外的遗传物质，多为环状闭合双螺旋DNA分子。

质粒带有遗传性息，能自身复制，随宿主菌分裂传到子代菌体，并非细菌生长所必需。

3. SPF动物：即无特定病原体动物(specific parhogen-free animals)，是指不存在某些特定的具有病原性或潜在病原性微生物的动物。

4. 细胞病变：病毒感染导致的细胞损伤称之为细胞病变，简称CPE，可在光学显微镜下观察，是病毒学检测及研究的常手段之一。

5. 抗原决定簇：抗原分子表面具有特殊立体构型和免疫活性的化学基团称为抗原决定簇，由于其通常位于抗原分子表面，又称为抗原表位。

6. 单克隆抗体：由一个B细胞分化增殖的子代细胞(浆细胞)产生的针对单一抗原决定簇的抗体称为单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody, McAb)。

三、简答题(30分，每题10分)1. 细菌对革兰氏染色呈现阳性(紫色)和阴性(红色)两种反应的结果，一般认为与细菌细胞壁的结构与组成有关。

细菌经初染和媒染后，细胞膜或原生质染上了不溶于水的结晶紫等与碘的复合物，革兰氏阴性菌的细胞壁含脂类较多，当以95%乙醇脱色时，脂类被溶去，而肽聚糖少，且交联疏松，不易收缩，在细胞壁中形成的孔隙较大，结晶紫与碘的复合物极易被溶解脱出，最后被红色染料复染成红色。

2023年浙大远程学习入门在线作业参考答案

1.远程学习旳模式是（）。

• A 以课件自主学习为主，辅以必要旳教学辅导• B 以书本学习为主，教师讲课辅导• C 以课件自主学习为主，学院没有辅导• D 以面授学习为主2.课程学习应以（）内容为主。

• A 视频课件• B 教材• C 答疑讨论• D A类课件3.用于理解学校一学期或一年旳教学活动日程安排（包括开学日期、报到注册日期、开始上课日期、考试日期、学期结束日期、开始放假日期等，以及还规定了重要活动和重要节假日旳安排旳教学指导文献是（）。

• A 开课计划• B 专业教学计划• C 院历• D 开考计划4.按教育部规定，专升本和大专层次旳最低修业年限均为（）年。

• A 2• B 2.5• C 4• D 55.学生一年选课次数为（）。

• A 1• B 2• C 4• D 2～46.下列有关统考免考条件描述错误旳是（）。

• A 符合“已具有国民教育系列本科以上学历旳”，免统考所有科目• B 符合“非英语类专业，入学注册时年龄满40周岁”旳，免“大学英语B”• C 符合“非计算机类专业，获得全国计算机等级考试一级B或以上级别证书”旳，免“计算机应用基础”• D 非英语类专业，1月之后大学英语等级CET四级成绩到达420分或更高成绩旳，可以免考“大学英语B”7.用于理解要完毕学业需学习哪些课程、课程旳开课学期、每门课程旳教学环节构成（有否试验）、每门课程旳性质（必修课、选修课等）、每门课程旳教课时数安排、以及每门课程旳考核方式（考试或考察）旳教学指导文献是（）。

• A 课程导学• B 专业教学计划• C 院历• D 开考计划8.学生本人各学期旳学习课程，一般状况下通过（）进行。

• A 所有由学生网上自主选课• B 学习中心安排• C 学院默认配课• D 学生书面申请9.如下有关公共选修课程旳说法，有误旳是（）。

• A 公共选修课程规定修读一定学分。

• B 公共选修课程学分超过规定旳学分数后，可替代专业必修课程。

物理化学习题集(离线必做)

浙江大学远程教育学院《物理化学》课程作业（必做）姓名：学号：年级：2014春药学学习中心：杭州学习中心—————————————————————————————第一章热力学第一定律一、填空题1. △U=Q+W 适用于宏观上静止且无外力场存在的封闭系统。

2. △H=Q P 的适用条件是封闭系统在非体积功为0且等压。

3. 系统的性质分为广度性质和强度性质。

4. 水（101325Pa ，273.15K ）在等温等压下凝结成冰（101325Pa ，273.15K ）过程的W 小于零（填“小于”、“大于”或“等于” ）。

二、简答题1. 什么是系统？什么是环境？答：将一部分物质从其他部分中划分出来，作为研究的对象，这一部分物质就称为系统；系统之外与系统密切相关的部分称为环境。

2. 什么是热力学第一定律？答：将能量守恒与转化定律应用于宏观的热力学系统即为热力学第一定律。

三、计算题1. 1 mol 单原子理想气体在298K 时，分别按下列三种方式从15.00dm 3膨胀到40.00 dm 3：（1）自由膨胀；（2）等温可逆膨胀；（3）在恒定外压为终态压力下等温膨胀。

分别求上述三种过程的Q 、W 、ΔU 和ΔH 。

答：（1）自由膨胀；0)(0)(1212e ＝＝＝V V V V p W -⨯--因为理想气体的热力学能和焓都只是温度的函数，而理想气体自由膨胀过程温度不变，所以：ΔU =ΔH =f (T )＝0 （2）等温可逆膨胀；因为理想气体的热力学能和焓都只是温度的函数，所以等温过程ΔU=ΔH=0W=-nRTln(v2/v1)=-1x8.314x298ln(40/15)=-2430J Q=-w=2430J（3）在恒定外压为终态压力下等温膨胀。

ΔU=ΔH=0P=nRT/V=(1×8.314×298)/(40/1000)=61.94KPa W=-61.94 × (40-15) =-1548.5J Q=-w=1548.5J2. 已知298.2K 时，NaCl(s)、H 2SO 4(l)、Na 2SO 4 (s)和HCl(g)的标准摩尔生成焓分别为-411、-811.3、-1383和-92.3 kJ·mol -1，求下列反应2NaCl(s) + H 2SO 4(l) = Na 2SO 4(s) + 2HCl(g)在298.2K 时的△r H m ө。

浙江大学远程教育第六章计算机网络基础答案

第6章计算机网络基础单选题其实我所给的这些典型题目就是期末考试题或统考题,因此必做;参考答案在另一个Word文档中一．计算机网络的形成与发展、网络的分类、网络拓扑结构、资源共享1、计算机网络是__B____相结合的产物;请看解析A.计算机技术与通讯技术B.计算机技术与信息技术C.计算机技术与电子技术D.信息技术与通讯技术解析又问：计算机网络是计算机与______相结合的产物;A.各种协议 B.通信技术 C.电话答：选B;2、下列有关计算机网络叙述错误的是___D___;请看解析A.利用Internet网可以使用远程的超级计算中心的计算机资源 -- 对,属于资源共享B.计算机网络是在通信协议控制下实现的计算机互联C.建立计算机网络的最主要目的是实现资源共享D.以接入的计算机多少可以将网络划分为广域网、城域网和局域网解析网络划分为广域网、城域网和局域网是按网络所覆盖的范围或面积来划分的;例如,由计算机组成的覆盖范围在10公里以内的网络属于局域网LAN;3、最早的第一阶段计算机网络系统,有____A____个主机;请看解析--- 以一台主机为中心的远程联机系统D.几十台解析第一阶段的计算机网络又称为"面向终端的计算机网络",即一台主机,多个终端;4、____C____被认为是Internet的前身;参考第6行,说明：Internet的中文名为“因特网”请看解析A.万维网--- 是美国国防部开发的一个网络解析又问：Internet是由______发展而来的;A.局域网；B. 标准网；；;答：选C;5、当前普遍使用的Internet IP版本是__C______;参考--- 下一代网络的IP版本为Ipv6--- 我们目前使用网络的IP版本为Ipv4解析略6、LAN通常是指___B___;请看解析A.广域网B.局域网C.资源子网D.城域网解析要求记：LAN是局域网的缩写,MAN是城域网的缩写,WAN是广域网的缩写,Internet中文名为因特网;有人问：MAN通常是指________;A.广域网B.城域网C.局域网D.互联网;答：选择B;7、一个学校内部网络一般属于_B_______;请看解析A.城域网B.局域网C.广域网D.互联网解析有人问：如果是通过电信从长沙到北京的计算机网络属于什么网答：属于广域网,Internet是广域网中的一种,从技术角度看广域网属于互联网,所以我们也把因特网称为互联网;我们目前通过Internet因特网可以方便地进行长沙与北京之间的互相访问;8、将计算机网络划分为局域网、城域网、广域网是按___C_____划分;A.用途B.连接方式C.覆盖范围 --- 有的书上又叫做：网络的作用范围D.以上都不是解析略9、将计算机网络划分为公用网和专用网是按____A____划分;请看解析A.使用范围B.连接方式C.覆盖范围D.以上都不是解析计算机网络按使用范围划分为公用网和专用网；如果按覆盖范围一般可划分为三类,它们是：LAN、MAN、WAN;10、计算机网络的基本分类方法主要有两种：一种是根据网络所使用的传输技术；另一种是根据___C___;A.网络协议B.网络操作系统类型C.覆盖范围与规模D.网络服务器类型与规模解析略11、属于不同城市的用户的计算机互相通信,他们组成的网络属于__C______;A.局域网B.城域网 ---- 如果是在同一个城市里用户之间通信属于城域网;C.广域网 ---- 如果是不同城市的用户的计算机互相通信则属于广域网D.互联网解析略12、I nternet主要由四部分组成,其中包括路由器、主机、信息资源与_D_____;A.数据库B.管理员C.销售商D.通信线路 --- 对;通信线路又分为“有线”和“无线”两种解析略13、支持局域网与广域网互联的设备称为___C___;请看解析A.转发器B.以太网交换机C.路由器 ---- 例如,一个医院欲和因特网互联,则必须购买”路由器”D.网桥解析又问：一个校园网与城域网或广域网互联,它应该选用的互联设备为______;A.交换机 B.网桥 C.路由器 D.网关;答：选择C;14、I nternet网属于一种__C____;A.校园网B.局域网C.广域网NT网解析略15、以下哪个不是网络拓扑结构___C___;请看解析A.总线型B.星型C.开放型D.环型解析参考,常见的网络拓扑结构主要有：星型拓扑结构、总线型拓扑结构、环型拓扑结构和树型拓扑结构;特别说明：树型拓扑结构不是独立的,它可看作由“总线型”和“星型”演变而来的;16、____B___是由总线拓扑结构也包括了星型结构演变而来的,它看上去像一颗倒挂的树;A.网状拓扑结构B.树型拓扑结构C.环型拓扑结构D.总线拓扑结构解析略17、各结点都与中心结点结点可以理解为计算机连接,呈辐射状排列在中心结点周围,这种结构是__B______;A.总线拓扑结构B.星型拓扑结构C.环型拓扑结构D.网状拓扑结构解析略18、通过一根传输线路将网络中所有结点即计算机连接起来,这种拓扑结构是__A_____;A.总线拓扑结构B.星型拓扑结构C.环型拓扑结构D.以上都不是解析略19、各结点首尾相连形成一个闭合的环,其网络逻辑拓扑结构为___C_____；A.总线拓扑结构B.星型拓扑结构C.环型拓扑结构D.以上都不是解析略20、对于单个结点的故障不会影响到网络的其他部分,但中心接点的故障会导致整个网络的瘫痪网络拓扑结构是____B____;A.总线拓扑结构 ---总线型结构往往会出现：某个结点故障将导致整个网络瘫痪;B.星型拓扑结构 --- 现在一般都用星型结构来连接局域网C.环型拓扑结构D.树形拓扑结构解析略21、上面几种结构主要用在计算机局域网的连接中,如果有人问：目前存在的广域网例如因特网主要采用___C___拓扑结构;A.总线型B.星型C.网状型 ---- 网状型拓扑结构和前面几个是有区别的,主要用在广域网中的连接D.环型解析略22、网状拓扑结构的缺点是___D_____;A.对根结点的依赖性大 --- 这是树型拓扑结构的缺点B.中心结点的故障导致整个网络的瘫痪 --- 这是星型拓扑结构的缺点C.任意结点的故障或一条传输介质的故障能导致整个网络的故障;D.结构复杂解析略23、星型拓扑结构的优点是__B______;A.易实现、易维护、易扩充B.单个结点的故障不会影响到网络的其他部分C.易于扩充与故障隔离D.系统的可靠性高解析略24、计算机网络的目标是实现__C____;A.文献检索B.运行速度快C.资源共享 ---- 这里的资源可理解为数据、软件、硬件设备D.数据处理解析略25、关于计算机网络资源共享的描述准确的是___D___;请看解析A.共享线路B.共享硬件C.共享数据和软件D.共享硬件、数据、软件 ----硬件共享可理解为：例如连网的计算机可以共享一台打印机硬件解析又问：网上共享的资源有________、________和_______;应该填：硬件软件数据;26、在局域网中,用户共享文件夹时,以下说法不正确的是____C____;A.能读取和复制文件夹中的文件B.可以复制文件夹中的文件C.可以更改文件夹中的文件 ---- 只要给你适当的权限,你就可以办到D.不能读取文件夹中的文件解析略二．局域网的基本组成、功能与特点、以及广域网含Internet若干概念27、局域网为了相互通信,一般安装__A____;A.调制解调器---某电脑要通过电话线连接到因特网,则要用调制解调器,完成数模转换B.网卡 ---局域网中为了相互通信必须安装网卡,它负责数据的收发C.声卡D.电视解析略28、局域网常用设备不包括___D___;A.网卡NIC ---- 计算机要接入局域网必须安装网卡B.集线器Hub ---- 星型网连接就用到集线器,是一个中央收发设备;C.交换机Switch -----相当于集线器,但功能比集线器强,只不过价格贵一些D.显示卡VGA解析略29、网络可以通过无线的方式进行连网,以下不属于无线传输介质的是___C_____;A.微波B.无线电波C.光缆 --- 属于有线的,传输的是由数字信号转换过来的光信号D.红外线解析略30、基于文件服务的局域网操作系统软件一般分为两个部分,即工作站软件与__C____;A.浏览器软件B.网络管理软件C.服务器软件D.客户机软件解析略31、通过局域网连接到Internet,需要硬件___B___;请看解析--- MODEM就是所谓的调制解调器B.网络适配器 --- 就是我们平时所说的“网卡”C.电话D.驱动程序解析通过局域网连接到Internet,必须使用网卡网络适配器；通过电话线接到Internet需要使用调制解调器,或者是ADSL设备,目前多半采用ADSL设备实现宽带连接;32、典型的局域网硬件部分可以看成由以下五部分组成：网络服务器、工作站、传输介质、网络交换机与___D___;参考,但是路由器不一定要有,它是局域网接入Internet所必须的设备地址B.路由器\IP协议D.网卡解析略33、网络的有线传输媒体有双绞线、同轴电缆和__C____;A.铜电线B.信号线C.光缆 --- 记住：有线传输媒体或介质主要是：双绞线、同轴电缆和光缆D.微波解析略34、计算机网络系统中的硬件包括：_B_____;A.网络连接设备和传输介质;B.服务器、工作站、连接设备和传输介质; --- 对,其中网卡包括在“连接设备”中C.服务器、工作站、连接设备;D.服务器、工作站和传输介质;解析略35、一个办公室中有多台计算机,每个计算机都配置有网卡,并已经购买有一台网络集线器和一台打印机,一般组成局域网通过的传输介质是___B______;A.光纤B.双绞线 --- 对C.电话线D.无线解析略36、局域网中,主要由___D_____提供硬盘、文件数据及打印共享等服务功能;A.用户工作站B.传输介质C.网络设备D.服务器 --- 由网络服务器提供这些服务解析略37、___B_____将工作站或服务器连到网络上,实现资源共享和相互通信、数据转换和电信号的匹配;A.网关B.网卡C.转接设备D.以上都不是解析略38、下面不属于网络通信设备的是___B___;A.路由器B.扫描仪 --- 扫描仪是计算机的输入设备C.交换机D.中继器解析略39、一般来说,计算机网络可以提供的功能有____D__;A.资源共享、综合信息服务B.信息传输与集中处理C.均衡负荷与分布处理D.以上都是 ---- 以上几点是计算机网络的主要功能解析略40、决定局域网特性的主要技术要素是：网络拓扑、传输介质与__D____;A.数据库软件B.服务器软件C.体系结构D.介质访问控制方法解析略41、在局域网中不能共享___C_______;A.硬盘B.文件夹C.显示器D.打印机解析略42、局域网的主要特点不包括__B____;请看解析A.地理范围有限B.远程访问C.通信速率高 --- 因为范围比较小,所以通信速率远比因特网高D.灵活,组网方便解析又问：局域网相比较广域网的特点有______;答：局域网的数据传输速度更快43、局域网的主要功能和作用是___A_____;A.实施网络通信和共享网络资源B.提供远距离通信C.提供高速通信服务D.以上都不是解析略44、在广域网中,通信子网主要包括____B____;看解析A.传输信道和终端设备B.转接设备和传输信道C.转接设备和终端设备D.以上都不是解析广域网可看作由分布在各地的“局域网”和“城域网”连接而成;广域网Internet也是广域网中的一种分为两部分：第一部分是通信子网由通信线路和转接设备路由器就是一个转发设备组成,第二部分是资源子网;45、广域网数据交换一般采用的方式是__B______;A.直接传送B.存储转发――对比较难,如果愿意掌握的可记一下C.路由转发D.以上都不是解析略46、广域网可以提供的服务模式有____C____;看解析A.只提供面向连接的服务模式B.只提供面向无连接的服务模式C.提供面向连接和无连接两种服务模式D.以上都不正确解析以后会知道Internet中,TCP协议是面向连接的,而UDP是不面向连接的;47、广域网的数据传输速率一般比局域网的数据传输速率___B_____;A.高B.低C.相等D.不确定解析略48、对于广域网来说,下列说法不正确的是____A____;A.作用范围必须在几千公里以上 ---不一定的,在一个地区也可以用广域网技术组成广域网B.广域网有时可称为"远程网"C.广域网一般采用存储转发的方式进行数据转化;D.广域网是基于报文交换或分组交换技术的除了传统的公用电话交换网解析略49、I nternet主要由四部分组成,其中包括路由器、主机、信息资源与_____D________;看解析A.数据库B.管理员C.销售商D.通信线路解析Internet是广域网中一种,因此有资源子网它有主机、信息资源等和通信子网它有路由器和通信线路等组成50、I nternet 主要的互联设备是____B____;A.集线器B.路由器 --- 对;C.调制解调器D.以太网交换机解析略三．网络协议重点讲“因特网协议”、Internet接入方式51、计算机之间的相互通信需要遵守共同的规则或约定,这些规则叫做___B_____;A.准则B.协议 ---- 其英文单词是 Protocol,所以协议常以P字母作为缩写C.规范D.以上都不是解析略52、网络通信是通过___C_____实现的,它们是通信双方必须遵守的约定;A.网卡B.双绞线C.通信协议D.调制解调器解析略53、属于Internet的核心协议是___B___;请看解析A.采用IEEE 802协议B.采用TCP/IP协议 ----要求记中文名：TCP称为传输控制协议,IP称为网际协议C.采用ISO/OSI 7层协议D.以上都不是解析又问：传输控制协议/网际协议即______,属于工业标准协议,是Internet采用的主要协议; IP ;答：选择B;54、I nternet采用的主要协议是TCP/IP,在因特网上百种协议中,TCP/IP是最基本的、必不可少的,但是从应用的角度看还有很多应用层协议;问题：HTTP协议是___D_____;参考,Internet服务之一即信息浏览服务,使用的应用层协议就是HTTP,HTTP中文意思是超文本传输协议A.邮件传输协议B.传输控制协议C.统一资源定位符D.超文本传输协议解析略55、T CP\IP协议是Internet中计算机之间通信所必须共同遵循的一种__B____;请看解析A.信息资源B.通信规定C.软件D.硬件解析 TCP\IP协议已经成为了“目前Internet上广泛采用的通信协议”,当然,别的协议也可以使计算机之间互相通信;56、I nternet上的网络协议统称为Internet协议簇,其中传输控制协议是__B____;--- 网际协议--- 传输控制协议提供可靠的数据传输,它是面向连接的--- 用户数据抱协议提供不可靠的数据传输,它不面向连接解析略57、网络协议是计算机网络中传递、管理信息的一些规范;下列哪种网络协议是互联网Internet所必须使用的：__C____;\SPX\IP解析略58、提供不可靠的数据传输协议是____D____;这个题目比较难,记不住就算了;请看解析--- TCP是可靠的数据传输协议--- UDP是不可靠的数据传输协议解析Internet上,传输层的两种协议是TCP和UDP;有人问：在Internet的通信协议中,可靠的数据传输是由______来保证的;协议协议协议协议;答：选B;59、调制解调器modem的功能是实现__B____;请看解析A.数字信号的编码B.数字信号的整形C.模拟信号的放大D.模拟信号与数字信号的转换而且是互相转换解析如果是要拨号入网,因为用的是公用电话线系统,而电话线只能传输“模拟信号”,所以拨号入网必须安装调制解调器设备,用它把计算机的数字信号转换为模拟信号;60、拨号入网使用的MODEM中文名为：调制解调器一端连在计算机上,另一端应连在_D_____;A.打印机上B.电话线上C.数码相机上D.扫描仪上解析略61、为了以拨号的方式接入因特网,必须使用的设备是_A_____;B.网卡C.电话机D.声卡解析略62、接入因特网不会影响用户正常拨打和接听电话的途径主要是通过___D___;说明：用Modem连接Internet现在基本上没有了,而是通过ADSL设备宽带接入,其原理是不一样的;用ADSL接入不影响用户正常打电话B.局域网C.拨号和局域网说明：现在有一种是IP电话,也可以通过接入Internet局域网来打电话解析略63、A DSL技术主要解决的问题是__D____;请看解析A.宽带传输B.宽带接入C.宽带交换D.多媒体综合网络解析ADSL技术的特点是：1在电话线路上使用ADSL,可以同时进行电话和数据传输,两都互不干扰2ADSL 的传输速率通常比使用传统的MODEM要高3ADSL的非对称性表现在上行速率和下行速率可以不同;64、和普通Modem不同,安装ADSL Modem时必须安装___B___协议;\IP--- 对这就比较难了,不一定要求解析略65、I SP的中文名称为__C____;如果PC机要接入Internet,则必须找ISP,ISP中文意思是：因特网服务提供者软件提供者应用提供者服务提供者 ---ISP是Internet Service Provider的缩写访问提供者解析略66、在拨号上网过程或ADSL宽带上网中,连接到通话框出现时,填入的用户名和密码应该是___C___;A.进入Windows时的用户名和密码B.管理员的帐号和密码提供的帐号和密码 --- 对;D.邮箱的用户名和密码解析略67、数据通信中的信道传输速率单位用bps表示,bps的含义是__C____;per Secondper Secondper Second ---- 每秒钟传输多少个二进制位,而不是字节per Second四．Internet相关知识包括其发展、IP地址、域名系统、Internet常见服务68、关于Internet,下列说法不正确的是___D___;请看解析是全球性的国际网络 -- 对起源于美国 ---对C.通过Internet可以实现资源共享 ---对不存在网络安全问题解析要求知道：Internet最先是由美国的______网发展和演化而来; 答：选A;ARPANET网是源于美国国防部的一项计划;69、目前世界上规模最大、用户最多的计算机网络是Internet,下面关于Internet的叙述中,错误的叙述是___A___;网由主干网、地区网和校园网企业或部门网等多级网络组成World Wide Web是Internet上最广泛的应用之一 -- 网就是所谓的信息浏览服务使用TCP\IP协议把异构的计算机网络进行互连的数据传输速率最高达10Mbps --- 错,局域才有这个速度解析略70、I nternet是全球最具影响力的计算机互联网,也是世界范围的重要的_B_____;A.信息资源网B.多媒体网络C.办公网络D.销售网络解析略71、中国教育科研网的缩写为___B___;请看解析ChinaNET是“中国公用计算机互联网”的简称;--- 对China Education and Reserch Network解析 CERNET中文意思是“中国教育和科研计算机网”72、有关Internet互连网的概念错的是__D_____;即国际互连网络具有子网和资源共享的特点C.在中国称为因特网是一种局域网的一种解析略73、下列IP地址中,非法的IP地址组是_D_____;请看解析与与与与.. -- 错解析：两个注意点：1是由4个字节组成,用3个小圆点隔开；2既然是字节,如果用10进制表示,则取值范围为：0—255之间,即不能超过255;又问：IP地址能唯一的确定Internet上每台计算机与每个用户的______;A.距离 B.费用 C.位置 D.时间答：选C;74、下列关于IP地址的说法中错误的是___C___;A.一个IP地址只能标识网络中的唯一的一台计算机C.地址是一个合法的IP地址 --- 错,有一个数字超过了255;D.同一个网络中不能有两台计算机的IP地址相同解析略75、I Pv4地址有____D__位二进制数组成;请看解析--- Ipv4的IP地址由4个字节组成,所以二进制位数为：48=32--- 新一代Ipv6的IP地址由128个二进制位组成;解析又问：IPv6地址有________位二进制数组成; 选D;76、能唯一标识Internet网络中每一台主机的是__B____;地址C.用户密码D.使用权限解析略77、一个IP地址包含网络地址与__C____;A.广播地址B.多址地址C.主机地址 --- IP地址中含有两部分信息：网络地址和主机地址记一下D.子网掩码解析略78、配置TCP\IP参数的操作主要包括三个方面：___A___、指定网关和域名服务器地址;请看图示和解析A.指定本地主机的IP地址及子网掩码B.指定本地主机的主机名C.指定代理服务器D.指定服务器的IP地址解析请参考第11小题也可看例6-7;为了更好的理解本题,给出了一个图示可从桌面上的网上邻居进入得到…;79、对请看上一选择这一项,则有如下设置…域名服务器的IP地址题的提示地址B.子网掩码地址D.网关地址和DNS服务器地址解析略80、在Internet中,主机的IP地址与域名的关系是______C_______;请看解析地址是域名中部分信息的表示B.域名是IP地址中部分信息的表示地址和域名是等价的地址和域名分别表达不同含义解析 DNS称为域名服务系统,它的作用是专门用来将主机域名解释为对应的IP地址,为什么要引进域名呢考虑到IP地址不容易记忆,因此为了“便于记忆”引入了一个字符串也用“点”分隔来表示一台主机,但是计算机只识别IP地址,因此必须用支持DNS协议的域名服务器来充当解析任务,把域名转变为IP 地址又说为“域名到IP地址的映射”;81、是Internet中主机的__D____;请看解析A.硬件编码B.密码D.域名 ---对一看到该字符串域名就知道它是浙江大学的主页地址解析一看到该字符串域名就知道它是浙江大学的网址;代表是信息浏览网,zju是浙江大学的缩写,edu是教科网,顶级域名cn代表中国;请参考;在域名中,从右至左分别是国家或地区域名又称顶级域名,第2级是机构名,第3级是单位名,最左边是主机名;82、中国的顶级域名是__A____;参考,请看解析解析参考,国家或地区域名又称顶级域名例如：cn---代表中国,hk-代表香港,ca---代表加拿大等等;次顶级域名代表机构名,如com商业、edu教育、gov政府、net网络服务提供者等;83、域名中的gov、cn分别表示__C____;A.商业、中国B.商业、美国C.政府、中国D.科研、中国解析略84、用于解析域名的协议是___B___;域名最终还必须解释为IP地址,请看解析---- DNS的中文名是“域名服务系统”解析域名服务DNS的主要功能是将域名翻译为IP地址,或者说：通过请求及回答获取主机和网络相关信息包括相应的IP地址85、某台主机的域名为,其中___B___为主机名;前面说过了域名左边第1个是主机名,然后是单位名、机构名、国家名解析略86、__B__;---- 输入,IE自动转换为： ---- 错cn与edu次序弄错了;---- 可以因为http协议可以省略解析略87、域名服务是使用下面的___C___协议;解析略88、域名代表着一种身份,一般来说,从某网站名字,可以看出它代表_______B______;请看解析A.教育机构 --- 对应eduB.商业机构 --- 对应comC.政府机构 --- 对应govD.网络服务提供者 --- 对应net解析说明：中的 edu可能是一个单位名的缩写,com才是机构名;又问：域名代表着一种身份,一般来说,从两个网站名字、.可以看出它分别代表中国的某____;答：不要弄错位置,第一个要看清楚,机构名是com,所以正确的答案是：商业机构和政府机构;89、从这里开始简单地给出Internet若干服务题目,但更详细题目放到第7章讲;问题：万维网WorldWide Web又称为__B____,是Internet中应用最广泛的领域之一;B.全球信息网 --- 记住：全球信息网、或网、或万维网都是指Internet中的信息浏览服务C.城市网90、下列不属于Internet信息服务的是__C____;参考,Internet常见服务有哪些91、92、A.远程登录B.文件传输C.实时监测控制D.电子邮件解析略93、下列对Internet叙述正确的是__C____;就是 --- 错是Internet一种服务就是信息高速公路是众多自治子网和终端用户机的互联就是局域网互联 --- 错要用到广域网技术;解析略94、下列不属于一般互联网交流形式的是___D___;看解析--- 属于网络即时通信软件,可实现网络在线交流--- 电子公告板,属于一种电子信息服务系统C.博客 --- Blog,是Weblog的缩写,中文意思是：网络日志;博客又当作Blogger写博客的人解析个人博客网站是通过互联网发表各种思想的场所,其中博客是_______;A.博士的客人的汉译 C.写博士论文的人D.博学的人;答：选B;95、下列关于在互联网上进行网上交流错误的是__D____;A. Telnet远程登录可以登陆BBS --- 对B."博客"是使用特定的软件,在网络上出版、发表和张贴个人文章的人,并实现网上交流也是一种网上交流形式D."万维网"就是BBS的论坛 --- 错,"万维网"和BBS是因特网中两个不同的服务解析略96、网上交流常见的形式有___D___;A.网上讨论BBSB.网络会议C.网上电话等D.全部都是解析略97、网上软件下载,是利用了Internet提供的__B____功能;A.网上聊天B.文件传输 --- 这种服务主要是实现在两个连网的计算机之间传输文件,用的是FTP协议;C.电子邮件D.电子商务解析略98、域名为的站点一般是指___C___;主要从左边第1个字符“BBS”中获取信息A.文件传输站点B.新闻讨论组站点C.电子公告栏站点 -- 一般主机名用BBS打头D.电子邮件中对方的地址解析略99、互联网的普及,在很大程度上依赖于两件事：一是互联网的商业化,另一则是对网络信息的组织产生了一种崭新的方式__A____;A.环球网 --- 例如：它可实现电子商务功能,又可以方便的实现信息浏览B.局域网C.广域网D.企业内部网解析略100、缩写表示的是__C____,它是Internet提供的一项服务;。

浙江大学远程教育学院试题卷

浙江⼤学远程教育学院试题卷浙江⼤学远程教育学院试题卷2006—2007学年秋冬学期期中作业课程名称英语（3）学习中⼼专业年级学号姓名VocabularySection A: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences:1). When I said some people are lazy, I didn’t ________ to you.A. applyB. meanC. mentionD. refer2) The speaker ________ the whole audience with his enthusiasm.A. infectedB. effectedC. defectedD. defended3) I am ________ of watching TV all the time; let’s go out for a walk.A. wornB. boredC. tiredD. fed up4) After leaving the cinema, he ________ straight for home.A. setB. headedC. wentD. proceeded5) I’ve got a ________ in the tax office who I think might help us out of trouble.A. contrastB. contactC. contractD. concrete6) Jack ________ in enthusiasm what he lacked in experience.A. made forB. made outC. made up ofD. make up for7) He always ________ himself hard to get his work finished on time.A. drivesB. programsC. depressesD. rules8) Janet felt ashamed that she hadn’t been able to ________ her fear.A. commitB. commandC. conquerD. conserve9) She ________ the tube hard until the last bit of the toothpaste came out.A. squeezedB. extendedC. minimizedD. oppressed10) His work as a simultaneous interpreter requires strong powers of ________.A. considerationB. concentrationC. intensityD. attention11) These research results are ________ over a wide range of circumstances.A. applicableB. changeableC. enjoyableD. bearable12) Silence ________ on the room. Everybody was worried about the child’s safety.A. aroseB. occupiedC. appearedD. fell13. My sister Lucy ________ her boss with her capabilities and efficiency. Figured B. impressed C. reached D. volunteered14. He is _________ two foreign languages.A. essential toB. involved withC. familiar withD. anxious about15. She ________ the way she is treated in school.A. rewritesB. reducesC. resentsD. rents16. My father had a very ________ nature; we had to do whatever she ordered us to and otherwise she would get anger.A. physicalB. dominantC. financialD. sole17. The teacher pointed out that all of the students need, in short, to learn to read ________.A. exclusivelyB. activelyC. suddenlyD. socially18. Mother often asked us not to judge people by ________ .A. separationB. involvementC. adherenceD. appearances19. Tom declared that he didn’t want to have anything to do ________ the political party.A. atB. intoC. offD. with20. Roy must have gone out early this morning, for he did not ________ for breakfast.A. bring alongB. sign upC. show upD. set upStructure1. There was a park near our house and we ________ play football with our classmates in it when we were young.A. were used toB. use toC. were using toD. used to2. The president’s suggestion that the manager of the personnel department ________ the candidate again was accepted at the meeting.A. interviewsB. interviewedC. interviewD. were to interview3. All the arrangements should have been completed ________ the departure.A. prior toB. next toC. apart fromD. other from4. Catherine didn’t run ________ catch the bus to the Space Museum.A. enough fast toB. fast enough toC. enough fast andD. fast enough and5. Ten ponds ________ not enough if you want to have a good dinner in a good restaurant.A. isB. areC. hasD. have6. ________ I like the color of the hat, I don’t like its shape.A. UnlessB. AsC. WhileD. Whether7. After ________ seemed to be an endless wait, the chairman finally showed up.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. whatever8. More American people fail to pay medical insurance fee than ________ .A. they are believedB. generally believedC. believedD. is generally believed9. “I hope the children won’t go near the water. ”“I warned them ________.”A. notB. not toC. not goD. wouldn’t10. I t is worthwhile for parents to spend an hour or two ________ with their children every week.A. talkB. to talkC. talkingD. talked toCloze(1) The horse and carriage is a thing of the past, but love and marriage are still with us and still closely interrelated. Most American marriages, particularly first marriages 1 young couples, are the result of 2 attraction and affection 3 than practical considerations.In the United States, parents do not arrange marriages for their children. Teen-agers begin 4 in high school and usually find mates through their own academic and social 5 .Though young people feel 6 to choose their friends from 7 groups, most choose a mate of similar background. This is 8 in part to parentalguidance. Parents cannot select spouses for their children, but they can usually 9 choices by 10 disapproval of someone they consider unsuitable.11 , marriages between members of different groups (interclass, interfaith, and interracial ) occur because of the greater 12 of today's youth and thefact that hey are restricted by 13 prejudices than their parents. Many young people leave their hometowns to attend college,14 in the armed forces.15 pursue a career in a big city.Once away from home and family, they are more 16 to date and marry outside their own social group. In mobile American society, interclass marriages are neither 17 nor shocking. Interfaith marriages are 18 the rise particularly between Protestants and Catholics. On the other hand, interracial marriage is still very uncommon. I t can be difficult for interracial couples to find a place to live, maintain friendships, and 19 a family. Marriages between people of different national 20 (but the same race and religion) have been commonplace here since colonial times.1. A. involving B. linking C. connecting D. correlating2. A. personal B. emotional C. mutual D. magnetic3. A. more B. less C. other D. rather4. A. dating B. appointment C. engaging D. matching5. A. position B. association C. contract D. contacts6. A. certain B. embarrassed C. hesitated D. free7. A. similar B. identical C. diverse D. differential8. A. for B. likely C. due D. because9. A. give B. influence C. make D. offer10. A sounding B. avoiding C. expecting D. voicing11. A. However B. Moreover C. Therefore D. Furthermore12. A. mobility B. motive C. moral D. mission13. A. scarcity B. satisfactory C. abundant D. fewer14. A. work B. serve C. stay D. remain15. A. but B. otherwise C. or D. likewise16. A. certainly B. likely C. reluctant D. readily17. A. lack B. rare C. scared D. relieved18. A. in B. at C. on D. for19. A. raise B. obtain C. grow D. unite20. A source B. origin C. resource D. baseReading Comprehension 1Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Washington Irving was America's first man of letters to be known internationally. His works were received enthusiastically both in England and in the United States. He was, in fact, one of the most successful writers of his time in either country, delighting a large general public and at the same time winning the admiration of fellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the United States. The respect in which he was held was partly owing to the man himself, with his warm friendliness, his good sense, his urbanity, his gay spirits, has artistic integrity, his love of both the Old World and the new. Thackeray described Irving as "a gentleman, who, though himself born in no very high sphere, was most finished, polished, witty; socially the equal of the most refined Europeans." In England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford—an unusual honor for a citizen of a young, uncultured nation---and he received the medal of the Royal Society of Literature; America made him ambassador to Spain.Irving's background provides little to explain his literary achievements. A gift but deliberate child, he had little schooling, He studied law, but without zeal, and never did practice seriously. He was immune to his strict Presbyterian (基督教长⽼会的) home environment, frequenting both social gatherings and the theatre.1. The main point of the first paragraph is that Washington Irving was ______.A) America's first man of lettersB) a great writer who was successful in his own country andother parts of the world as wellC) a man who won the respect of other writers because of hishigh social statusD) a man who was able to move from literature to politics2. What is implied by the comment about Scott, Poe and Hawthorne?A) Irving's great popularity resulted in the admiration of Scott, Poe andHawthorne.B) More Americans than Britains admired Irving.C) Irving's work was not only popular, but also of high literary quality.D) Irving's success was attributed to his family background.3. What can be said about Irving's law career?A) He only began to practice law late in life.B) He spent very little time working as a lawyer.C) He never practiced law although he studied it.D) He worked as a lawyer with great enthusiasm.4. Why did Thackeray think that Irving's social grace was unusual?A) Because Irving's degree was honorable and unusual.B) Because his parents were not aristocratic.C) Because he had good sense and gay spirits.D) Because he often exhibited warm friendliness.5. Which of the following best describes the effect of Irving's Presbyterian background on his life?A) It had almost no effect on his life.B) It promoted his interest in law.C) It fostered his love for literature.D) It enabled him to become a successful writer.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Psychologists now believe that noise has a considerable effect on people's attitudes and behavior. Experiments have proved that in noisy situations (even temporary ones), people be have more irritably and less cooperatively; in more permanent noisy situations, many people cannot work hard, and they suffer from severe anxiety as well as other psychological problems. However, psychologists distinguish between "sound" and "noise". "Sound" is measured physically in decibels. "Noise" cannot be measured in the same way because it refers to the psychological effect of sound and its level of "intensity" depends on the situation. Thus, for passengers at an airport who expect to hear airplanes taking off and landing, there may be a lot of sound, but not much noise (that is, they are not bothered by the noise). By contrast, if you are at a concert and two people behind you are whispering, you feel they are talking noisily even if there is not much sound. You notice the noise because it affects you psychologically. Both sound and noise can have negative effects, but what is most important is if the person has control over the sound. People walking down the street with earphones, listening to music that they enjoy, are receiving a lot of decibels of sound, but they are probably happy hearing sounds which they control. On the other hand, people in the street without earphones must tolerate a lot of noise which they have no control over. It is noise pollution that we need to control in order to help people live more happily.6. According to the passage, people _____.A) can not work better in a noisy situationB) will suffer from complete deafness because of noise pollutionC) can be psychologically affected by working in very noise factoriesD) may cooperate well in a noisy surrounding7. “Sound”, as defined by the psychologist, _____.A) can be measured in the same way that "noise" is measuredB) may be extremely harmful to healthC) is not at all different from "noise"D) can be measured by machines8. People waiting at an airport _____.A) enjoy hearing airplanes taking off and landingB) are usually not troubled by the noiseC) can easily tell sound from noiseD) are often physically affected by the noise9. People enjoy listening to music,_____.A) though they are receiving a lot of decibels of sound in factB) because it does not have any negative effectC) because they do not have to tolerate the noise around themD) even though it is sometimes unpleasant hearing strange sounds10. We can conclude from the passage that we need to control noise pollution if _____.A) we want to stay both psychologically and physically healthyB) we don't want to be physically dentC) we want to cooperate wellD) we don't want to be anxiousPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Is there a "success personality"? Some winning combination of qualities that leads almost inevitably to achievement? If so, exactly what is that secret success formula, and can anyone develop it?At the Gallop Organization we recently focused in depth on success, probing the attitudes of 1500 prominent people selected at random from Who's Who in America. Our research finds out a number of qualities that occur regularly among top achievers. Here is one of the most important, that is common sense.Common sense is the most prevailing quality possessed by our respondents. Seventy-nine percent award themselves a top score in this quality. And 61 percent say that common sense was very important in contributing to their success.To most, common sense means the ability to present sound, practical judgments on everyday affairs. To do this, one has to sweep aside extra ideas and get right to the core of what matters. A Texas oil and gas businessman puts it this way: "The key ability for success is simplifying. In conduction of meeting and dealing with industry reducing a complex problem to the simplest term is highly important."Is common sense a quality a person is born with, or can you do something to increase it? The oil man's answer is that common sense can definitely be developed. He attributes his to learning how to debate in school. Another way to increase your store of common sense is to observe it in others, learning from their and your own mistakes.Besides common sense, there are many other factors that influence success: knowing your field, self-reliance, intelligence, the ability to get things done, leadership, creativity, relationships with others, and of course, luck. But common sense standsout. If you develop these qualities, you'll succeed. And you might even find yourself listed in Who's Who someday.11. It can be known from the passage that Who's Who _____.A) is a very useful book telling us how to succeedB) is a book providing us with the information about the family life of some famouspeopleC) is a book providing us with the names and brief biographies of the top successfulpeopleD) is a book from which we can find out the names of different peoples in the world12. According to the author, common sense _____.A) is something that common people like bestB) is a popular quality a person is born withC) is something that enables one to form correct opinionsD) is a quality that is possessed by common people13. It can be inferred from the passage that a successful businessman _____.A) tries to get experience through practiceB) pays attention to the essence of a problem when he tries to solve itC) keeps on learning in order to be successfulD) has strong willpower, extensive interest and intelligence14. The passage is mainly concerned with _____.A) organizational ability and good work habitsB) the way to obtain big profits and achieve fame and successC) knowledge and interest which are primary to successD) what successful people have in common15. According to the author, how can one develop one's common sense?A) To become a businessman.B) To learn how to debate and learn from mistakes.C) To become famous.D) To be simplifying.Passage FourQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Brazil has become one of the developing world's great successes at reducing population growth but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.Brazil's population growth rate has dropped from 2.99 a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93 a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas and installment plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played animportant, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world's biggest producers of soap operas. Global, Brazil's most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities."Although they have never really tried to work in a massage towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values not man children, different attitudes towards sex, women working," says Martine. "They sent his image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package."Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. "This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was in compatible with unlimited reproduction." says Martine.16. According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth _______.A) by educating its citizensB) by careful family panningC) by developing TV programmersD) by chance17. According to the passage, many Third World countries _______.A) haven't attached much importance to birth controlB) would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rateC) haven't yet found an effective measure to control their populationD) neglected the role of TV plays in family planning18.The phrase “puts it down to” (Line 1, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to “_______”.A) attributes it toB) sums it up asC) finds it a reason forD) compares it to19. Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil's birth rate because _______.A) they keep people sitting long hours watching TVB) they have gradually changed people's way of lifeC) people are drawn to their attractive packageD) they popularize birth control measures20. What is Martine's conclusion about Brazil's population growth?A) The increase in birth rate will promote consumption.B) The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.C) Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory.D) A country's production is limited by its population growth.浙江⼤学远程教育学院试题卷2006—2007学年秋冬学期期中作业课程名称英语（3）学习中⼼专业年级学号姓名Section A: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences: 1. 2 . 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20Structure1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.Cloze1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.Reading Comprehension 1Passage One1. 2. 3. 4. 5.Passage Two6. 7. 8. 9. 10.Passage Three11. 12. 13. 14. 15.Passage Four16. 17. 18. 19. 20.浙江⼤学远程教育学院试题卷（期中）2006-2007学年冬季学期课程名称⽣物化学学习中⼼专业（层次）学号姓名⼀、选择题（20分）1．有关蛋⽩质三级结构描述，错误的是A．具有三级结构的多肽链都有⽣物学活性B．亲⽔基团多位于三级结构的表⾯C．三级结构的稳定性由次级键维系D．三级结构是单体蛋⽩质或亚基的空间结构E．三级结构是各个单键旋转⾃由度收到各种限制的结果2. 蛋⽩质变性是由于A.蛋⽩质⼀级结构的改变B. 蛋⽩质亚基的解聚C.蛋⽩质空间构象的破坏E. 蛋⽩质⽔解3. DNA的解链温度指的是A．A260nm达到最⼤值时的温度B．A260nm达到最⼤值的50％时的温度C．DNA开始解链时所需要的温度D．DNA完全解链时所需要的温度F．A280nm达到最⼤值的50％时的温度4. 酶原激活作⽤在酶分⼦结构上的变化是：A.⼀级结构的改变B.空间构象的改变C.酶蛋⽩亚基的聚合D.酶蛋⽩与特异的辅基结合形成全酶E.⼀级结构和空间构象同时发⽣改变5.．在下列关于三羟酸循环及氧化磷酸化中能产⽣ATP最多的步骤是A.苹果酸－草酰⼄酸B.琥珀酸－苹果酸C.柠檬酸－异柠檬酸D.异柠檬酸－α－酮戊⼆酸E.α－酮戊⼆酸－琥珀酸6．糖原的1个葡萄糖经糖酵解可⽣成⼏个ATPA.1B.2C.3D.4E.57.．糖酵解途径最重要的调控位点是A.磷酸化酶B.乳酸脱氢酶C.葡萄糖激酶D.丙酮酸激酶E.磷酸果糖激酶-18. 在胞液中，乳酸脱氢⽣成的NADHA.可直接进⼊呼吸链氧化B.在线粒体内膜外侧使琥珀酸－苹果酸酸⽢油转变成磷酸⼆羟丙酮后进⼊线粒体C.仅仅需要内膜外侧的磷酸⽢油脱氢酶的催化后即可直接进⼊呼吸链D.经α－磷酸⽢油穿梭作⽤后可进⼊琥珀酸氧化呼吸链E.上述各条都不能使胞液中的NADH进⼊呼吸链氧化9. 磷酸戊糖途径A.是体内产⽣CO2的主要来源B. 可⽣成NADPH供合成代谢需要C．是体内⽣成糖醛酸的途径D．饥饿时葡萄糖经此途径代谢增加E．可⽣成NADPH，后者经电⼦传递链可⽣成ATP10. ⽣物体内能量转换的基本⽅式是A.三羧酸循环B.底物⽔平磷酸化C.氧化磷酸化D.ATP-ADP循环E.磷酸肌酸脱磷酸⼆、填空（20分）1.DNA双螺旋结构稳定的维系横向维系，纵向则靠维持。

浙江大学远程教育学院试题卷

浙江大学远程教育学院试题卷2005-2006学年秋季学期课程代码名称0001001现代远程学习入门学习中心年级2005级专业（层次）护理学、药学（专升本/高升本）学号姓名一、填空题（每格1分，共18分）1、浙江大学远程教育学院网址_________________ _______(教科网)或____________ _____________（网通）或_____ ____________________（电信）。

2、我院学分制操作平台网址___________________ ____。

3、我院网上下载实时课视频内容的服务器地址________________________。

网通的服务器地址________________________。

用户名________________，密码_________________。

4、我院医学类学生服务信箱的E-mail地址____________________ ____，医学类教师热线电话___________________________。

5、我院助学课件的浏览方式有_________ ___和________________。

6、凡具有我院正式学籍的学生最长的有效学习年限为_____年。

7、我院护理学、药学专业专升本层次申请学位的有效期为______年。

（专升本层次做）我院护理学、药学专业高升本层次申请学位的有效期为______年。

（高升本层次做）8、我院每学时卫星授课时间为________分钟。

9、大专起点本科三年制学生在课程学分有效期内各学期不及格课程累计超过_______学分（含该学分）且重修及格者。

（专升本层次做）高中起点本科学生在课程学分有效期内各学期首次不及格课程累计超过_______学分（含该学分）且重修及格者，将不授予学位。

（高升本层次做）10、用于了解要完成学业需学习哪些课程、课程的开课学期、每门课程的教学环节构成（有否实验）、每门课程的性质（学位课、必修课、选修课等）、每门课程的教学时数安排、以及每门课程的考核方式（考试或考查）的教学指导文件是_____________。

浙江大学远程教育学院试题卷

浙江大学远程教育学院试题卷2003—2004学年第一学期（期中）课程代码名称英语（1）教学站___________________________年级专业（层次） 03级专升本所有专业学号姓名________________I 听力理解：（10%）（期中不考，期末要考）II 词汇选择：选择最佳答案（15%）1. Then you the form along with the money to pay for your course fee.A)turn out B) turn up C) turn in D) turn down2. You should for your other school records such as a high school diploma or GED certificate to be sent to the school.A) admit B) arrange C) agree D) apply3. Please your telephone number on the application form.A) depend on B) fill with C)fill out D)find out4. Henry is an able man, but he demands too much of the people around him.A) on the other hand B) on one handC) nevertheless D) what’s more5. Staying at these houses is cheaper than staying at hotels, and the is friendlier and more homelike.A) customer B) corporation C) research D) atmosphere6. That teacher is very with her pupils.A) favorite B) ordinary C) popular D) necessary7. Jane never any of our discussions, does she?A) involves in B) participates in C) applies to D) takes place of8. He has been off school for several years illness.A) because B) because of C) in spite of D) unless9. The jewels I $500 turned out to be worthless.A) paid for B) paid C) bought for D) bought10. Many of the things sold “door to door” are very expensive items, which usually theconsumer signing a contract to pay large amounts of money over a number of years.A) involve B)deal C) contain D) succeed11. That bit of the form is for UK citizens—it doesn’t you.A) decide on B) apply to C) get to D) sell to12. some recent work your older work and you’ll see how much you’ve improved.A) Get…out of B) Involve…in C) Put…into D) Compare…with13. We decided to our holiday until next month because we are too busy this month.A) invite B) pass C) delay D) check14. The oil company put on me to sell my precious land.A) contract B) method C) quality D) pressure15. Sally made many at the department store on Sunday afternoon.A) requirements B) purchases C) cleaners D) disadvantagesIII 语法选择：选择最佳答案（15%）1. And usually you can take many of those courses you want.A) such…as B) so…as C) as…as D) too…as2. Jane’s parents wouldn’t let her with boys.A) go out B) going out C) to go out D) goes out3. If you too hot during the night, turn down the central heating.A) feels B) felt C) feel D) will feel4. It was such a big menu that I didn’t know .A) to choose what B) choose whatC) what to choose D) what it chooses5. Mother saved every penny she could spare for my schooling.A) to pay B) paying C) to be paid D) paid6. Come tomorrow and give the application to that man at that desk.A) sat B) sitting C) sit D) sits7. Most of the people to the dinner party were their old friends.A) inviting B) to invite C) invited D) invite8. You needn’t thank me. This is I ought to do.A) how B) which C) what D) that9. The operation involves a small tube into his heart.A) putting B) to put C) put D) having put10. It was difficult for us any conclusion from the discussion.A) drawn B) drawing C) to draw D) drew11. all people at the club, Jane is the last one I’d expect to see.A) With B) Of C) On D) To12. The question is difficult for the students to answer, since their teacher once explained it inclass clearly.A) not too B) much not C) too D) very13. London has any other city in the United Kingdom.A) a larger population than B) a large population thanC) as a larger population as D) as a large population than14. ——What did the professor tell you to do?——I had to write a report.A) two-thousand word B) two-thousand-wordsC) two-thousand words D) two-thousand-word15. I’m interested in you’ve told me.A) that B) all C) all what D) anything whichIV 阅读理解：（30%）(1)“Free”DrivingA tourist comes out of the airport. There are a lot of taxis, but the tourist asks every taxi-driver his name. He takes the third taxi. It costs $5 from the airport to the hotel.“How much does it cost for thewhole day?”The tourist asks.“$100,”says the taxi-driver. This is very expensive, but the tourist accepts the price.The taxi-driver takes the tourist everywhere. He shows him all the monuments and all the museums. In the evening they go back to the hotel. The tourist gives the taxi-driver $100 and says:“What about tomorrow?”the taxi-driver looks at the tourist:“Tomorrow? It's another $100 tomorrow.”But the tourist says:“That's O.K. if that's the price. See you tomorrow.”The taxi-driver is very pleased.The next day the taxi-driver takes the tourist everywhere again. They visit all the museums again and all the monuments. And in the evening they go back to the hotel. The tourist gives the taxi-driver $100 again and says:“I'm going home tomorrow.”The taxi-driver is sorry. He likes the tourist and, above all,$100 a day is good money.“You're going home. Where do you come from?”he asks.“I come from New York.”“New York!”says the taxi-driver, “I have a sister in New York. Her name is Susannah. Do you Know her?”“Of course I know her. She gave me $200 for you.”1.The tourist comes here .A) by taxi B) by train C) by bus D) by plane2.The tourist chooses the third taxi-driver because .A) the third taxi-driver asks for less moneyB) the first two drivers don't want to take himC) the third driver is the right person he is looking forD) the first two taxi-drivers ask for more money3.Which of the following is true?A) The tourist is not honest.B) The taxi-driver is not honest.C) Neither the tourist nor the taxi-driver is honest.D) The taxi-driver's sister is not honest.4.The phrase“good money”means .A) a lot of moneyB) little moneyC) not bad moneyD) new money5.For the two days driving, the taxi-driver gets from the tourist.A) $100 B) $200 C) nothing D) a little money(2)A Woman Who Knew EverythingIn a city there once lived a woman who knew everything. Her name was Mrs. Ford. She was the wife of Ford, a banker.When any of her friends talked to her about anything, she knew all about it. No one ever found anything that she did not know.One day two young men came to live in the city, and they met Mrs. Ford at a friend's house. They began to talk about Indian rings, but Mrs. Ford knew more about them than they knew. She told them all about old African rings too.“That woman knows a lot,”said one of the young men angrily when they were outside the house.On another day they met Mrs. Ford in the street, and the three began to talk about Greece. Mrs. Ford knew all about Greece. She told the other two about the people of Greece, about the River Arta, and aboutthe hills of the country. On another day she told them a lot of things about newspapers. Once she showed them some old Egyptian words, and she could read them. She knew everything.The two young men became very tired of Mrs. Ford, but they often had to meet her and talk to her.One day they were asked to go to dinner at one of the houses in the city. Mrs. Ford was asked to go too.“Let's find something which she doesn't know, said one of them. We'll read about it and then we'll talk about it at dinner.”On the next day one of them was in a bookshop, and he found a big book. This book was called Everything You Want To Know, and it was written by R. Cotter. He bought it and took it home.“This is just the book that we want,”said the other when he saw it.“It has all kinds of things in it. Look here!”He showed his friend Lamps in Old Greece, The Smaller Animals of Africa, and Indian Rivers.“We must find something better than those,”said the man who bought it.They looked again and found. The Eyes of a Fish. It told them everything about the eyes, and even about the inside parts. They read it through many times, and when they went to the dinner they knew all about the eyes of a fish.At dinner, when the fish was brought to the table, the two young men began to talk about the eyes of a fish. One of them asked Mrs. Ford a lot of questions about the inside parts of the eyes, she knew all the answers and she said the same as the book said.“Have you read that book which is called Everything You Want To Know?”he asked,“You say just the same as that book says.”“Read it?” she cried.“I wrote it!”“You wrote it! But it was written by R. Cotter.”“Yes,”she said.“Rose Cotter was my name before I was married.”6.The two young men became very tired of Mrs. Ford when .A) they first met herB) they talked about GreeceC) they had heard her talk a lotD) they went to a dinner7.Mrs.Ford wrote the book“Everything You Want To Know” .A) when she got marriedB) when she was fifteenC) when she graduated from collegeD) before she got married8.One of the two young men went to a bookshop .A) to buy a bookB) to see a friendC) to find something Mrs. Ford didn't knowD) to ask the book seller some questions9.Mrs.Ford Knew a lot about so many things and so many places because .A) she had done them herselfB) she had been to these placesC) she was well educatedD) Mr. Ford was a banker10.What kind of person was Mrs. Ford ?A) She was young and pretty.B) She was fond of talking.C) She wrote a lot of books.D) She knew everything.(3)Mr. and Mrs. Brown were going abroad for their holiday. They had a dog called Blackie which they were very fond of, but they could not take him abroad with them. So they looked for a good place to leave him while they were away, and at last found a place which looked after dogs very well while their owners were away. They took Blackie there just before they left for their holiday, and sadly said good-bye to him. At the end of their holiday, they got back to England very late at night, and as they thought that the place where Biackie was staying might be closed at that late hour, they decided to wait until the next morning before going to get him. So the next morning Mr. Brown got into his car and drove off happily to collect Blackie. When he reached home with the dog, he said to his wife,“Dear, do you know, I don't think Blackie can have enjoyed his stay at that place very much. He barked all the way home in the car as if he wanted to tell me something.”Mrs. Brown looked at the dog carefully and then answered.“You are quite right, dear. He was certainly trying to tell you something. But he wasn't trying to tell that he hadn't enjoyed his stay at that place. He was only trying to tell that you were bringing the wrong dog home. This isn't Blackie.”11.Mr and Mrs. Brown were going abroad .A) for their business B) for their healthC) for their son, John D) for their holiday12.When they knew they couldn't go abroad with their Blackie, .A) they sent him to their neighbourB) they found a good place to leave himC) they gave up their tripD) they threw away the dog13.When they were to leave for their holiday, both of them were very .A) upset B) happy C) light-hearted D) excited14.After the holiday they returned to England .A) late that night B) on a sunny morningC) on a rainy afternoon D) early that day15.On the way home Blackie barked because .A) he couldn't recognize his ownerB) he felt as happy as his ownerC) he didn't enjoy his stay at that placeD) he wouldn't like to leave the placeⅤ完形填空：10%A young lady who was on holiday in London walked into a 1 to collect some money which 2 there for her by post from the town where she lived.The clerk behind the counter 3 her, so he said,“What proof(证明)have you got that you are 4 the lady who should get 5 money?”The young lady looked 6 for a few minutes and said,“I don't think I 7 any proof with me.”But then she suddenly looked happy again. She opened her bag, took a photo 8 out of it and showed it to the clerk.“Here's something,” she said.The clerk looked at the photo 9 and then the young lady. Then he nodded his head and paid the money to her 10 a word.1.A) shop B)store C)post office D)school2.A) had been sent B)had sent C)were sent D)would send3.A) knew B)knew little about C)had known D)didn't know4.A) not B)really C)like D)sure5.A) these B)those C)much D)this6.A) worrying B)to be worried C)worried D)being worried7.A) had brought B)was bringing C)brought D)have brought8.A) by herself B)for herself C)of herself D)from her9.A) carefully B)carelessly C)sadly D)angrily10.A) instead of saying B)no saying C)in spite of D)without sayingVI 中译英：（20%）1．你们大学今年招收了多少学生？2．接受这份工作就得经常在周末上班。

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浙江大学远程教育学院习题集浙江大学远程教育学院习题集课程代码名称_1803074兽医微生物学与免疫学_年级专业（层次）_动物医学专升本绪言—、填空题1.1683年荷兰人_______ 用自制的显微镜首次观察到微生物。

2.法国科学家利用弯颈瓶试验证明“自然发生论”是荒谬的，他是微生物学、生理学与免疫学的主要奠基人。

3.微生物的发展可概括为三个阶段：________________ 、和 ________________ 等。

二、1.微生物2.微生物学3.兽医微生物学三、简答题1.微生物有何特点？2.微生物的种类有哪些？3.巴斯德的主要贡献是什么？4.柯赫的主要贡献是什么？第一章细菌的形态与结构一、填空题1.测定细菌大小的单位通常是。

2.细菌的形态有_______ 、________ 和________ 等三种基本类型。

3.球菌按其分裂方向及分裂后的排列情况可分为____________ 、_________ 、___________ 、________ 和 _________ 等。

4.杆菌按其分裂方向及分裂后的排列情况可分为、_________ 和___________ 。

5.螺旋状菌分为__________ 和__________ 两种。

6.细菌的基本结构包括、、和等。

7.细菌的特殊结构有、、和等。

二、名词解释1.细菌2.菌落3.原生质体4.球状体5.细菌L型6.间体7.核体&荚膜9.S层10.鞭毛11.菌毛12.芽抱三、简答题1.绘出细菌的基本结构和特殊结构图。

2.比较革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌细胞壁的结构及化学组成的差异。

3.叙述细菌核体与真核细胞核的异同。

4.试述鞭毛的结构功能。

5.菌毛的本质、分类及功能如何？6.叙述芽抱的结构、功能及对外界环境抵抗力强的原因。

7.常用的细菌染色方法有哪些？&什么是革兰氏染色？有何意义？其染色机制如何？第二章细菌的生理—、填空题1.细菌细胞的代谢过程包括________ 、________ 、________ 和_______ 等四个步骤。

2.细菌物质主要通过_______ 、_________ 、________ 和 _______ 等方式进出细菌细胞。

3.细菌细胞结构的组装有两种方式：_________ 和_______ 。

4.细菌以_________ 进行无性繁殖。

5.根据生长曲线，细菌生长繁殖分为_________ 、_______ 、_______ 和 ________等四个时期。

6.细菌的生长繁殖条件主要有：_________ 、________ 、 _______ 、________ 和________ 等。

7.根据细菌对氧的需要，可将细菌分为_________ 、________ 和________ 等。

&根据细菌对温度的适应范围，可将细菌分为 __________ 、_________ 和等。

二、名词解释1.世代时间2.生长曲线.培养基4.厌氧培养基三、简答题1.形成细菌个体的代谢过程有何特点？2.试绘制细菌的生长曲线图，并说明各时期的特点。

3.根据营养、状态和功能的差异，可将培养基分为哪些种类？各有何用途？4.病原菌对氧气和温度的需求有何特点？5.试述主要的细菌生化反应的原理及用途。

第三章消毒与灭菌—、填空题1.对微生物影响较大的物理因素包括：_________ 、________ 、________ 、________ 、微波和滤过等。

2.高温灭菌法可分为________ 灭菌法和灭菌法两类。

3.干热灭菌法包括：和两类。

4.常见的湿热灭菌法有：、和_______ 。

5.影响消毒剂作用的因素主要有：、______________________ 、 ___________________ 、____________________ 、________________ 和___________________二、名词解释1.杀菌作用2.抑菌作用3.抗菌作用4.灭菌5.消毒6.防腐7.无菌&巴氏消毒法9.高压蒸汽灭菌法10.消毒剂11.防腐剂12.噬菌体三、简答题1.列述影响微生物的主要物理因素及其实用价值。

2.试述各种热力灭菌法的方法原理及其主要用途。

3.巴氏消毒法有何特点？如何进行巴氏消毒？4.影响高温灭菌的因素有哪些？5.试述紫外线杀菌法的原理和应用。

6.试述过滤除菌的概念及其应用。

第四章细菌及其他微生物的生态一、名词解释1.共生2.共栖3.寄生4.拮抗5.无特定病原体动物6.清洁动物第五章细菌的感染与致病机理一、填空题1.构成细菌毒力的毒力因子主要有： ________ 和________ 。

2.细菌毒素按其来源、性质和作用等的不同，可分为和________ 两类二、名词解释1.感染2.病原菌3.半数致死量（LD50）4.半数感染量（ID50）5.侵袭力6.黏附素7.内化作用&外毒素9.内毒素10.类毒素三、简答题1■什么是柯赫法则？如何从分子水平解释柯赫法则？2.如何确定某种细菌具有致病性？3■试述致病菌侵入宿主细胞的主要过程。

4.细菌如何干扰或逃避宿主的防御机制5.细菌外毒素的基本特性及组成如何？6■什么是类毒素，有何用途？7.比较外毒素与内毒素的主要异同点？&细菌致病性的现代概念的精髓是什么？9.细菌毒力减弱和增强的方法有哪些？第六章细菌的遗传变异—、填空题1.根据突变范围大小，可将基因突变分为_________ 和________ 两类。

2.染色体畸变包括染色体结构上的________ 、________ 、 _______ 、_______ 和________3. _______________________ 点突变可进一步分为_ 、和。

4.常见细菌变异类型有：_________ 、________ 、 ______ 和 ________ 。

5.诱发细菌变异的方法主要有：________ 、_______ 和________ 。

6.细菌的转导分为______ 和_________ 。

7.接合性质粒有_________ 、______ 和________ 等。

&细菌遗传变异的应用主要包括： _________ 、________ 和 _______ 等。

二、名词解释1.基因组2.质粒3.转座因子4.毒力岛5.基因突变6.点突变7.转化&转导9.接合10.转染三、简答题1.何谓细菌遗传？细菌变异？2.概述细菌遗传变异的物质基础。

3.质粒有哪些主要特点及类型？4.试述毒力岛的概念及遗传学意义。

5.什么是转座因子？转座因子有何用途？第二十七章真菌及其他微生物一、填空题1.真菌按形态分为、和等。

2.是介于细菌和病毒之间的一类微生物。

3.是介于细菌和原虫之间的一类微生物。

二、名词解释1.菌丝2.抱子3.螺旋体4.霉形体5.立克次体6.衣原体三、简答题1.什么叫真菌？其主要特性是什么？2.酵母菌的构造有哪些？有哪几种繁殖方式？3.霉菌有哪几种繁殖方式？产生哪些抱子？第二十九章病毒的结构一、填空题1.测定病毒大小的单位通常是_________ 。

2.根据壳粒数目和排列不同，病毒衣壳主要有_________ 和 ________ 两种对称类型，少数为复合对称。

3.病毒的化学组成包括三类物质同：_________ 、________ 和 _______ ，前两种是最主要的成分。

4.病毒的核酸分两大类：________ 或__________ ，二者不能同时存在。

5.病毒核酸可分为________ 或__________ 、_______ 或__________ 、______ 或__________ 分节段可称为多分子，不分节段则为单分子。

二、名词解释1.病毒2.核衣壳3.囊膜4.纤突5.正股6.传染性核酸7.结构蛋白&非结构蛋白三、简答题1.试述病毒的基本特征。

2.简述病毒颗粒的基本结构，画出模式图。

3.病毒的核衣壳的对称型有哪些？各有什么特点？4.阐述病毒核酸及蛋白的特点。

5.如何确定病毒是否有囊膜？其依据何在？第三十章病毒的复制一、填空题1.病毒的复制周期包括：、、和等步骤。

2.根据壳粒数目和排列不同，病毒衣壳主要有和两种对称类型，少数为复合对称。

3.病毒的化学组成包括三类物质同：前两种是最主要的成分。

4.病毒的核酸分两大类：或，二者不能同时存在。

5.病毒核酸可分为或、一或、______ 或__________ 分节段可称为多分子，不分节段则为单分子二、名词解释1.复制2.病毒的一步生长曲线3.感染比（MOI）4.隐蔽期5.病毒受体三、简答题1.何谓病毒的MOI及一步生长曲线？二者有何关系？2.解释病毒的复制周期及隐蔽期。

3.解释血凝、血凝抑制作用及血吸附的机理。

4.病毒的生物合成有何特点？5.病毒蛋白质如何翻译及加工？6.有囊膜病毒如何成熟与释放？第三十一章病毒的遗传与进化一、填空题1.病毒的基因重组包括：________ 、________ 和________ 等。

2.根据壳粒数目和排列不同，病毒衣壳主要有_________ 和________ 两种对称类型，少数为复合对称。

3.病毒的化学组成包括三类物质同：前两种是最主要的成分。

4.病毒的核酸分两大类：________ 或__________ ，二者不能同时存在。

5.病毒核酸可分为_______ 或___________ 、_______ 或__________ 、______ 或__________ 分节段可称为多分子，不分节段则为单分子。

二、名词解释1.突变2.缺损型干扰突变3.定点诱变4.反向遗传学5.基因重组6.分子内重组7.重配&表型混合三、简答题1.病毒基因组变异的有哪些类型？发生的机率及后果如何？2.什么是缺损型干扰突变？有何意义？3.定点诱变如何进行？第三十二章病毒与细胞的相互作用一、填空题1.病毒培养和增殖的方法主要有_________ 、_______ 和等。

2.细胞培养常用的方法有：、、和等。

2.病毒感染可分为_______ 和________ 两大类。

根据壳粒数目和排列不同，病毒衣壳主要有和两种对称类型，少数为复合对称。

3.病毒的化学组成包括三类物质同：前两种是最主要的成分。

4.病毒的核酸分两大类：或，二者不能同时存在。

5.病毒核酸可分为或、或、______ 或__________ 分节段可称为多分子，不分节段则为单分子。

二、名词解释1.细胞培养2.原代细胞3.传代细胞4.持续性感染6.细胞病变（CPE）7.合胞体&细胞凋亡9.包涵体10.空斑形成单位（PFU）三、简答题1.细胞培养与SPF动物或鸡胚相比，培养病毒各有什么优缺点？2.细胞有哪些类型？用于病毒培养各有何适用范围？3.简述各种细胞培养方法的要点。

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