限时训练测试题(一)
高三综合复习一练物理限时训练题 (一)

2011—2012学年高三第二学期一次练兵限时训练物理试题(三)2012.03二、选择题(本题包括7小题,每小题给出的四个选项中,有的只有一个选项正确,有的有多个选项正确,全部选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分,有选错的得0分)16.许多科学家在物理学发展过程中做出了重要贡献,下列说法正确的是()A.牛顿总结出了万有引力定律并测出了引力常量,被后人称为称出地球的第一人B.奥斯特发现电流周围存在着磁场C.亚里士多德通过理想实验提出力并不是维持物体运动的原因D.库仑总结出了真空中两个静止点电荷之间的相互作用规律17.如图所示,将质量为m=0.1kg的物体用两个完全一样的竖直弹簧固定在升降机内,当升降机以4m/s2的加速度加速向上运动时,上面弹簧对物体的拉力为0.4N;当升降机和物体都以8m/s2的加速度向上运动时,上面弹簧的拉力为()A.0.6N B.0.8N C.1.0N D.1.2N18.“嫦娥二号”卫星发射时,长征三号丙火箭直接将卫星由绕地轨道送入200km~38×104km的椭圆奔月轨道,减少了多次变轨麻烦,及早进入绕月圆形轨道,则在“嫦娥奔月”过程中,下列叙述正确的是()A.离开地球时,地球的万有引力对卫星做负功,重力势能增加;接近月球时月球引力做正功,引力势能减小B.在绕地轨道上,卫星在200km近地点时有最大动能C.在进入不同高度的绕月轨道时,离月球越近,运动的线速度越大,角速度越小D.在某个绕月圆形轨道上,如果发现卫星高度偏高,可以通过向前加速实现纠偏19.如图,一理想变压器原副线圈匝数之比为4:1 ,原线圈两端接入一正弦交流电源;副线圈电路中R为负载电阻,交流电压表和交流电流表都是理想电表.下列结论正确的是()A.若电压表读数为6V,则输入电压的最大值为VB.若输入电压不变,副线圈匝数增加到原来的2倍,则电流表的读数减小到原来的一半C.若输入电压不变,负载电阻的阻值增加到原来的2倍,则输入功率也增加到原来的2倍D.若保持负载电阻的阻值不变.输入电压增加到原来的2倍,则输出功率增加到原来的4倍20.如图所示,在两等量异种点电荷的电场中,MN为两电荷连线的中垂线,a、b、c三点所在直线平行于两电荷的连线,且a与c关于MN对称,b点位于MN上,d点位于两电荷的连线上。
【练习】2021届高三英语下学期限时训练一有详解

高三英语限时训练一总分65分第一部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共7个小题:每小题2.5分,满分17.5分)AWhat do the random, scribbled(潦草的)drawings crowding the margins(页边空白)of most high school students’ papers mean? When a student is caught doodling(乱画)in class, he will probably be criticized for daydreaming. But doodling while listening can help with remembering details, rather than implying that the mind is wandering, according to a study published in the scientific journal Applied Cognitive Psychology.In an experiment conducted b y the Medical Research Council’s Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit in Cambridge,40 subjects were asked to listen to a two-minute tape giving several names of people and places. Half of the participants were asked to shade in shapes on a piece of paper at the same time, without paying attention to neatness, while the rest were given no such instructions. After the tape had finished, all participants in the study were asked to recall the names of people and places. The doodlers recalled on average 7.5 names of people and places, compared to only 5.8 by the non-doodlers.“If someone is doing a boring task, like listening to a dull telephone conversation, they may start to daydream.” said study researcher, Professor Jackie Andrade, of the School of Psychology, U niversity of Plymouth. “Daydreaming distracts them from the task, resulting in poorer performance. A simple task, like doodling, may be enough tostop daydreaming without affecting performance on the main task.”“In psychology, tests of memory or attention will often use a second task to selectively block a particular mental process. If that process is important for the main task, then performance will be weakened. But my research suggests that in everyday life doodling may be something we do because it helps to keep us on track with a boring task, rather than being an unnecessary distraction(分心)that we should try to resist doing.” said Andrade.Dan Ware, a social study teacher, used to consider doodling a distraction from learning, but after teaching kids with all personality types he learned scribbling away during lectures helps certain students remember more information. “In my first few years of teaching, I thought, ‘Well, this kid isn’t paying attention. He’s daydreaming.’ But I had some really powerful experiences with students and came to understand in many cases that was their way of focusing, and those students were probably paying more attention than other students.” Ware said.1. What do we know about the participants involved in the experiment?A. Some were asked to note down the information neatly.B. Some were asked to memorize the names they would hear.C. Some were instructed to listen to the tape with full attention.D. Some were instructed to make random drawings on paper.2. Which of the following will both Jackie Andrade and Dan Ware agree with?A. Doodling helps some people focus.B. Doodling makes a dull task interesting.C. Students who doodle perform poorly.D. Students who doodle lack concentration.3. What is the best title of the text?A. Daydreaming Can Sharpen Study SkillsB. Doodling Can Help Memory RecallC. A Wandering Mind Improves ProductivityD. Distractions Harm Academic PerformanceBShyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are concerned about their own appearance and actions too much. Negative thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. A person’s self-concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves and the way a person behaves affects other people’s reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a deep effect on all areas of their lives.Shy people, who have low respect, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need faith that they are doing "the right thing". Shy people are very sensitive to criticism. It makes them feel inferior(自卑). They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one: "You’re just saying that to make me feel good. I kn ow it’s not true."It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely got rid of, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination since shyness goes hand in hand with lack ofself-respect. It is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths. Each one of us has his or her own characteristics. We are interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and successful life.4. The first paragraph is mainly about ____________. .A. the cause of shynessB. the effect of shyness on peopleC. the feelings of shy peopleD. the questions in the minds of shy people5. According to the writer, self-awareness is ____________.A. harmful to peopleB. a weak point of peopleC. the cause of unhappinessD. a good characteristic6. What is the shy people’s reaction to praise?A. They are pleased by it. B They feel it is not true.C. They are very sensitive to it.D. They feel they are worthy of it.7. We can learn from the passage that shyness ____________.A. blocks our chances for a successful lifeB. helps us to live up to our full developmentC. enables us to understand ourselves betterD. has nothing to do with lack of self-respect第二节七选五(共5小题,每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
高三数学:2024届新结构“8+3+3”选填限时训练1_10(解析版)

2024届高三二轮复习“8+3+3”小题强化训练(1)一、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1对两个具有线性相关关系的变量x 和y 进行统计时,得到一组数据1,0.3 ,2,4.7 ,3,m ,4,8 ,通过这组数据求得回归直线方程为y=2.4x -2,则m 的值为()A.3B.5C.5.2D.6【答案】A【解析】易知x =1+2+3+44=52,y =13+m4,代入y =2.4x -2得13+m 4=2.4×52-2⇒m =3.故选:A2已知m ,n 表示两条不同直线,α表示平面,下列说法正确的是()A.若m ⎳α,n ⎳α,则m ⎳nB.若m ⊥α,n ⊂α,则m ⊥nC.若m ⊥α,m ⊥n ,则n ⎳αD.若m ⎳α,m ⊥n ,则n ⊥α【答案】B【解析】线面垂直,则有该直线和平面内所有的直线都垂直,故B 正确.故选:B3已知向量a ,b 满足a =3,b =23,且a ⊥a +b,则b 在a 方向上的投影向量为()A.3B.-3C.-3aD.-a【答案】D【解析】a ⊥a +b ,则a ⋅a +b =a 2+a ⋅b =9+a ⋅b =0,故a ⋅b=-9,b 在a 方向上的投影向量a ⋅b a 2⋅a =-99⋅a =-a.故选:D .4若n 为一组从小到大排列的数1,2,4,8,9,10的第六十百分位数,则二项式3x +12xn的展开式的常数项是()A.7B.8C.9D.10【答案】A【解析】因为n 为一组从小到大排列的数1,2,4,8,9,10的第六十百分位数,6×60%=3.6,所以n =8,二项式3x +12x8的通项公式为T r +1=C r 8⋅3x 8-r ⋅12x r =C r 8⋅12 r⋅x8-r 3-r,令8-r 3-r =0⇒r =2,所以常数项为C 28×12 2=8×72×14=7,故选:A5折扇是我国古老文化的延续,在我国已有四千年左右的历史,“扇”与“善”谐音,折扇也寓意“善良”“善行”.它常以字画的形式体现我国的传统文化,也是运筹帷幄、决胜千里、大智大勇的象征(如图1).图2是一个圆台的侧面展开图(扇形的一部分),若两个圆弧DE ,AC 所在圆的半径分别是3和6,且∠ABC =120°,则该圆台的体积为()A.5023π B.9π C.7π D.1423π【答案】D【解析】设圆台上下底面的半径分别为r 1,r 2,由题意可知13×2π×3=2πr 1,解得r 1=1,13×2π×6=2πr 2,解得:r 2=2,作出圆台的轴截面,如图所示:图中OD =r 1=1,O A =r 2=2,AD =6-3=3,过点D 向AP 作垂线,垂足为T ,则AT =r 2-r 1=1,所以圆台的高h =AD 2-AT 2=32-1=22,则上底面面积S 1=π×12=π,S 2=π×22=4π,由圆台的体积计算公式可得:V =13×(S 1+S 2+S 1⋅S 2)×h =13×7π×22=142π3,故选:D .6已知函数f x =x 2-bx +c (b >0,c >0)的两个零点分别为x 1,x 2,若x 1,x 2,-1三个数适当调整顺序后可为等差数列,也可为等比数列,则不等式x -bx -c≤0的解集为()A.1,52B.1,52C.-∞,1 ∪52,+∞D.-∞,1 ∪52,+∞ 【答案】A【解析】由函数f x =x 2-bx +c (b >0,c >0)的两个零点分别为x 1,x 2,即x 1,x 2是x 2-bx +c =0的两个实数根据,则x 1+x 2=b ,x 1x 2=c 因为b >0,c >0,可得x 1>0,x 2>0,又因为x 1,x 2,-1适当调整可以是等差数列和等比数列,不妨设x 1<x 2,可得x 1x 2=-1 2=1-1+x 2=2x 1 ,解得x 1=12,x 2=2,所以x 1+x 2=52,x 1x 2=1,所以b =52,c =1,则不等式x -b x -c ≤0,即为x -52x -1≤0,解得1<x ≤52,所以不等式的解集为1,52.故选:A .7已知双曲线C :x 2a 2-y 2b2=1a >0,b >0 的左、右焦点分别为F 1,F 2,M ,N 为双曲线一条渐近线上的两点,A 为双曲线的右顶点,若四边形MF 1NF 2为矩形,且∠MAN =2π3,则双曲线C 的离心率为()A.3B.7C.213D.13【答案】C【解析】如图,因为四边形MF 1NF 2为矩形,所以MN =F 1F 2 =2c (矩形的对角线相等),所以以MN 为直径的圆的方程为x 2+y 2=c 2.直线MN 为双曲线的一条渐近线,不妨设其方程为y =bax ,由y =b a x ,x 2+y 2=c 2,解得x =a y =b ,或x =-a ,y =-b , 所以N a ,b ,M -a ,-b 或N -a ,-b ,M a ,b .不妨设N a ,b ,M -a , -b ,又A a ,0 ,所以AM =a +a 2+b 2=4a 2+b 2,AN =a -a 2+b 2=b .在△AMN 中,∠MAN =2π3,由余弦定理得MN 2=AM 2+AN 2-2AM AN ⋅cos 2π3,即4c 2=4a 2+b 2+b 2+4a 2+b 2×b ,则2b =4a 2+b 2,所以4b 2=4a 2+b 2,则b 2=43a 2,所以e =1+b 2a2=213.故选:C .8已知a =ln 1.2e ,b =e 0.2,c =1.2e 0.2,则有()A.a <b <cB.a <c <bC.c <a <bD.c <b <a【答案】C【解析】令f x =e x -ln x +1 -1,x >0,则f x =e x -1x +1.当x >0时,有e x >1,1x +1<1,所以1x +1<1,所以,f (x )>0在0,+∞ 上恒成立,所以,f (x )在0,+∞ 上单调递增,所以,f (x )>f (0)=1-1=0,所以,f (0.2)>0,即e 0.2-ln1.2-1>0,所以a <b令g x =e x -x +1 ,x >0,则g x =e x -1在x >0时恒大于零,故g x 为增函数,所以x +1ex <1,x >0,而a =ln 1.2e =1+ln1.2>1,所以c <a ,所以c <a <b ,故选:C二、选择题:本题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分.在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分,部分选对的得部分分,有选错的得0分.9已知函数f x =sin 2x +3π4 +cos 2x +3π4,则()A.函数f x -π4 为偶函数 B.曲线y =f x 对称轴为x =k π,k ∈ZC.f x 在区间π3,π2单调递增D.f x 的最小值为-2【答案】AC【解析】f x =sin 2x +3π4 +cos 2x +3π4=sin2x cos 3π4+sin 3π4cos2x +cos2x cos 3π4-sin2x sin3π4=-22sin2x +22cos2x -22cos2x -22sin2x =-2sin2x ,即f x =-2sin2x ,对于A ,f x -π4 =-2sin 2x -π2=2cos2x ,易知为偶函数,所以A 正确;对于B ,f x =-2sin2x 对称轴为2x =π2+k π,k ∈Z ⇒x =π4+k π2,k ∈Z ,故B 错误;对于C ,x ∈π3,π2 ,2x ∈2π3,π ,y =sin2x 单调递减,则f x =-2sin2x 单调递增,故C 正确;对于D ,f x =-2sin2x ,则sin2x ∈-1,1 ,所以f x ∈-2,2 ,故D 错误;故选:AC10设z 为复数,则下列命题中正确的是()A.z 2=zz B.若z =(1-2i )2,则复平面内z对应的点位于第二象限C.z 2=z 2D.若z =1,则z +i 的最大值为2【答案】ABD【解析】对于A ,设z =a +bi ,故z =a -bi ,则z 2=a 2+b 2,zz =(a +bi )(a -bi )=a 2+b 2,故z 2=zz成立,故A 正确,对于B ,z =(1-2i )2=-4i -3,z =4i -3,显然复平面内z对应的点位于第二象限,故B 正确,对于C ,易知z 2=a 2+b 2,z 2=a 2+b 2+2abi ,当ab ≠0时,z 2≠z 2,故C 错误,对于D ,若z =1,则a 2+b 2=1,而z +i =a 2+(b +1)2=2b +2,易得当b =1时,z +i 最大,此时z +i =2,故D 正确.故选:ABD11已知菱形ABCD 的边长为2,∠ABC =π3.将△DAC 沿着对角线AC 折起至△D AC ,连结BD .设二面角D -AC -B 的大小为θ,则下列说法正确的是()A.若四面体D ABC 为正四面体,则θ=π3B.四面体D ABC 的体积最大值为1C.四面体D ABC 的表面积最大值为23+2D.当θ=2π3时,四面体D ABC 的外接球的半径为213【答案】BCD【解析】如图,取AC 中点O ,连接OB ,OD ,则OB =OD ,OB ⊥AC ,OD ⊥AC ,∠BOC 为二面角D AC -B 的平面角,即∠BOC =θ.若D ABC 是正四面体,则BD =BC ≠BO ,△OBD 不是正三角形,θ≠π3,A 错;四面体D ABC 的体积最大时,BO ⊥平面ACD ,此时B 到平面ACD 的距离最大为BO =3,而S △ACD=34×22=3,所以V =13×3×3=1,B 正确;S △ABC =S △DAC =3,易得△BAD ≅△BCD ,S △BAD=S △BCD=12×22sin ∠BCD =2sin ∠BCD ,未折叠时BD =BD =23,折叠到B ,D 重合时,BD =0,中间存在一个位置,使得BD =22,则BC 2+D C 2=BD 2,∠BCD =π2,此时S △BAD=S △BCD=2sin ∠BCD 取得最大值2,所以四面体D ABC 的表面积最大值为23+2 ,C 正确;当θ=2π3时,如图,设M ,N 分别是△ACD 和△BAC 的外心,在平面AOD 内作PM ⊥OD ,作PN ⊥OB ,PM ∩PN =P ,则P 是三棱锥外接球的球心,由上面证明过程知平面OBD 与平面ABC 、平面D AC 垂直,即P ,N ,O ,M 四点共面,θ=2π3,则∠PON =π3,ON =13×32×2=33,PN =ON tan π3=33×3=1,PB =PN 2+BN 2=12+233 2=213为球半径,D 正确.故选:BCD .三、填空题:本题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分.12设集合M =x log 2x <1 ,N =x 2x -1<0 ,则M ∩N =.【答案】x 0<x <12【解析】因为log 2x <1=log 22,所以0<x <2,即M =x log 2x <1 =x 0<x <2 ,因为2x -1<0,解得x <12,所以N =x 2x -1<0 =x x <12,所以,M ∩N =x 0<x <12 .故答案为:x 0<x <12 13已知正项等比数列a n 的前n 项和为S n ,且S 8-2S 4=6,则a 9+a 10+a 11+a 12的最小值为.【答案】24【解析】设正项等比数列a n 的公比为q ,则q >0,所以,S 8=a 1+a 2+a 3+a 4+a 5+a 6+a 7+a 8=a 1+a 2+a 3+a 4+q 4a 1+a 2+a 3+a 4 =S 41+q 4 ,则S 8-2S 4=S 4q 4-1 =6,则q 4>1,可得q >1,则S 4=6q 4-1,所以,a 9+a 10+a 11+a 12=q 8a 1+a 2+a 3+a 4 =S 4q 8=6q 8q 4-1=6q 4-1+1 2q 4-1=6q 4-1 2+1+2q 4-1 q 4+1=6q 4-1 +1q 4-1+2 ≥62q 4-1 ⋅1q 4-1+2 =24,当且仅当q 4-1=1q 4-1q >1 时,即当q =42时,等号成立,故a 9+a 10+a 11+a 12的最小值为24.故答案为:2414已知F 为拋物线C :y =14x 2的焦点,过点F 的直线l 与拋物线C 交于不同的两点A ,B ,拋物线在点A ,B 处的切线分别为l 1和l 2,若l 1和l 2交于点P ,则|PF |2+25AB的最小值为.【答案】10【解析】C :x 2=4y 的焦点为0,1 ,设直线AB 方程为y =kx +1,A x 1,y 1 ,B x 2,y 2 .联立直线与抛物线方程有x 2-4kx -4=0,则AB =y 1+y 2+2=k x 1+x 2 +4=4k 2+4.又y =14x 2求导可得y =12x ,故直线AP 方程为y -y 1=12x 1x -x 1 .又y 1=14x 21,故AP :y =12x 1x -14x 21,同理BP :y =12x 2x -14x 22.联立y =12x 1x -14x 21y =12x 2x -14x 22可得12x 1-x 2 x =14x 21-x 22 ,解得x =x 1+x 22,代入可得P x 1+x 22,x 1x 24 ,代入韦达定理可得P 2k ,-1 ,故PF =4k 2+4.故|PF |2+25AB=4k 2+4+254k 2+4≥24k 2+4 ×254k 2+4=10,当且仅当4k 2+4=254k 2+4,即k =±12时取等号.故答案为:102024届高三二轮复习“8+3+3”小题强化训练(2)一、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1抛物线y =12x 2的焦点坐标为()A.18,0B.12,0 C.0,18D.0,12【答案】D 【解析】由y =12x 2可得抛物线标准方程为:x 2=2y ,∴其焦点坐标为0,12 .故选:D .2二项式3x 2-1x 47的展开式中常数项为()A.-7B.-21C.7D.21【答案】A 【解析】二项式3x 2-1x47的通项公式为Tr +1=C r 7⋅3x 27-r⋅-1x4r=Cr 7⋅-1 r⋅x14-14r 3,令14-14r 3=0⇒r =1,所以常数项为C 17⋅-1 =-7,故选:A3已知集合A =x log 2x ≤1 ,B =y y =2x ,x ≤2 ,则()A.A ∪B =BB.A ∪B =AC.A ∩B =BD.A ∪(C R B )=R【答案】A【解析】由log 2x ≤1,则log 2x ≤log 22,所以0<x ≤2,所以A =x log 2x ≤1 =x 0<x ≤2 ,又B =y y =2x ,x ≤2 =y 0<y ≤4 ,所以A ⊆B ,则A ∪B =B ,A ∩B =A .故选:A .4若古典概型的样本空间Ω=1,2,3,4 ,事件A =1,2 ,甲:事件B =Ω,乙:事件A ,B 相互独立,则甲是乙的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充分必要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A【解析】若B =Ω,A ∩B =1,2 ,则P A ∩B =24=12,而P A =24=12,P B =1,所以P A P B =P A ∩B ,所以事件A ,B 相互独立,反过来,当B =1,3 ,A ∩B =1 ,此时P A ∩B =14,P A =P B =12,满足P A P B =P A ∩B ,事件A ,B 相互独立,所以不一定B =Ω,所以甲是乙的充分不必要条件.故选:A5若函数f x =ln e x -1 -mx 为偶函数,则实数m =()A.1B.-1C.12D.-12【答案】C【解析】由函数f x =ln e x -1 -mx 为偶函数,可得f -1 =f 1 ,即ln e -1-1 +m =ln e -1 -m ,解之得m =12,则f x =ln e x -1 -12x (x ≠0),f -x =ln e -x -1 +12x =ln e x -1 -x +12x =ln e x -1 -12x =f x故f x =ln e x -1 -12x 为偶函数,符合题意.故选:C6已知函数y =f (x )的图象恰为椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b2=1(a >b >0)x 轴上方的部分,若f (s -t ),f (s ),f (s +t )成等比数列,则平面上点(s ,t )的轨迹是()A.线段(不包含端点) B.椭圆一部分C.双曲线一部分D.线段(不包含端点)和双曲线一部分【答案】A【解析】因为函数y =f (x )的图象恰为椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b2=1(a >b >0)x 轴上方的部分,所以y =f (x )=b ⋅1-x 2a2(-a <x <a ),因为f (s -t ),f (s ),f (s +t )成等比数列,所以有f 2(s )=f (s -t )⋅f (s +t ),且有-a <s <a ,-a <s -t <a ,-a <s +t <a 成立,即-a <s <a ,-a <t <a 成立,由f 2(s )=f (s -t )⋅f (s +t )⇒b ⋅1-s 2a 22=b ⋅1-(s -t )2a 2⋅b ⋅1-(s +t )2a 2,化简得:t 4=2a 2t 2+2s 2t 2⇒t 2(t 2-2a 2-2s 2)=0⇒t 2=0,或t 2-2a 2-2s 2=0,当t 2=0时,即t =0,因为-a <s <a ,所以平面上点(s ,t )的轨迹是线段(不包含端点);当t 2-2a 2-2s 2=0时,即t 2=2a 2+2s 2,因为-a <t <a ,所以t 2<a 2,而2a 2+2s 2>a 2,所以t 2=2a 2+2s 2不成立,故选:A7若tan α+π4=-2,则sin α1-sin2α cos α-sin α=()A.65B.35C.-35D.-65【答案】C【解析】因为tan α+π4 =tan α+tan π41-tan αtan π4=tan α+11-tan α=-2,解得tan α=3,所以,sin α1-sin2αcos α-sin α=sin αsin 2α+cos 2α-2sin αcos α cos α-sin α=sin αcos α-sin α 2cos α-sin α=sin αcos α-sin 2α=sin αcos α-sin 2αcos 2α+sin 2α=tan α-tan 2α1+tan 2α=3-91+9=-35.故选:C .8函数f x =2ln xx,x >0sin ωx +π6,-π≤x ≤0,若2f 2(x )-3f (x )+1=0恰有6个不同实数解,正实数ω的范围为()A.103,4B.103,4 C.2,103D.2,103【答案】D【解析】由题知,2f 2x -3f x +1=0的实数解可转化为f (x )=12或f (x )=1的实数解,即y =f (x )与y =1或y =12的交点,当x >0时,f x =2ln xx ⇒f (x )=21-ln x x 2所以x ∈0,e 时,f (x )>0,f x 单调递增,x ∈e ,+∞ 时,f (x )<0,f x 单调递减,如图所示:所以x =e 时f x 有最大值:12<f (x )max =2e<1所以x >0时,由图可知y =f (x )与y =1无交点,即方程f (x )=1无解,y =f (x )与y =12有两个不同交点,即方程f (x )=12有2解当x <0时,因为ω>0,-π≤x ≤0,所以-ωπ+π6≤ωx +π6≤π6,令t =ωx +π6,则t ∈-ωπ+π6,π6则有y =sin t 且t ∈-ωπ+π6,π6,如图所示:因为x >0时,已有两个交点,所以只需保证y =sin t 与y =12及与y =1有四个交点即可,所以只需-19π6<-ωπ+π6≤-11π6,解得2≤ω<103.故选:D二、选择题:本题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分.在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分,部分选对的得部分分,有选错的得0分.9已知复数z 1,z 2是关于x 的方程x 2+bx +1=0(-2<b <2,b ∈R )的两根,则下列说法中正确的是()A.z 1=z 2B.z 1z 2∈R C.z 1 =z 2 =1D.若b =1,则z 31=z 32=1【答案】ACD【解析】Δ=b 2-4<0,∴x =-b ±4-b 2i 2,不妨设z 1=-b 2+4-b 22i ,z 2=-b2-4-b 22i ,z 1=z 2,A 正确;z 1 =z 2 =-b 22+4-b 222=1,C 正确;z 1z 2=1,∴z 1z 2=z 21z 1z 2=z 21=b 2-22-b 4-b 22i ,b ≠0时,z 1z 2∉R ,B 错;b =1时,z 1=-12+32i ,z 2=-12-32i ,计算得z 21=-12-32i =z 2=z 1 ,z 22=z 1=z 2 ,z 31=z 1z 2=1,同理z 32=1,D 正确.故选:ACD .10四棱锥P -ABCD 的底面为正方形,P A 与底面垂直,P A =2,AB =1,动点M 在线段PC 上,则()A.不存在点M ,使得AC ⊥BMB.MB +MD 的最小值为303C.四棱锥P -ABCD 的外接球表面积为5πD.点M 到直线AB 的距离的最小值为255【答案】BD【解析】对于A :连接BD ,且AC ∩BD =O ,如图所示,当M 在PC 中点时,因为点O 为AC 的中点,所以OM ⎳P A ,因为P A ⊥平面ABCD ,所以OM ⊥平面ABCD ,又因为AC ⊂平面ABCD ,所以OM ⊥AC ,因为ABCD 为正方形,所以AC ⊥BD .又因为BD ∩OM =O ,且BD ,OM ⊂平面BDM ,所以AC ⊥平面BDM ,因为BM ⊂平面BDM ,所以AC ⊥BM ,所以A 错误;对于B :将△PBC 和△PCD 所在的平面沿着PC 展开在一个平面上,如图所示,则MB +MD 的最小值为BD ,直角△PBC 斜边PC 上高为1×56,即306,直角△PCD 斜边PC 上高也为1×56,所以MB +MD 的最小值为303,所以B 正确;对于C :易知四棱锥P -ABCD 的外接球直径为PC ,半径R =12PC =1222+12+12=62,表面积S =4πR 2=6π,所以C 错误;对于D :点M 到直线AB 距离的最小值即为异面直线PC 与AB 的距离,因为AB ⎳CD ,且AB ⊄平面PCD ,CD ⊂平面PCD ,所以AB ⎳平面PCD ,所以直线AB 到平面PCD 的距离等于点A 到平面PCD 的距离,过点A 作AF ⊥PD ,因为P A ⊥平面ABCD ,所以P A ⊥CD ,又AD ⊥CD ,且P A ∩AD =A ,故CD ⊥平面P AD ,AF ⊂平面P AD ,所以AF ⊥CD ,因为PD ∩CD =D ,且PD ,CD ⊂平面PCD ,所以AF ⊥平面PCD ,所以点A 到平面PCD 的距离,即为AF 的长,如图所示,在Rt △P AD 中,P A =2,AD =1,可得PD =5,所以由等面积得AF =255,即直线AB 到平面PCD 的距离等于255,所以D 正确,故选:BCD .11今年是共建“一带一路”倡议提出十周年.某校进行“一带一路”知识了解情况的问卷调查,为调动学生参与的积极性,凡参与者均有机会获得奖品.设置3个不同颜色的抽奖箱,每个箱子中的小球大小相同质地均匀,其中红色箱子中放有红球3个,黄球2个,绿球2个;黄色箱子中放有红球4个,绿球2个;绿色箱子中放有红球3个,黄球2个,要求参与者先从红色箱子中随机抽取一个小球,将其放入与小球颜色相同的箱子中,再从放入小球的箱子中随机抽取一个小球,抽奖结束.若第二次抽取的是红色小球,则获得奖品,否则不能获得奖品,已知甲同学参与了问卷调查,则()A.在甲先抽取的是黄球的条件下,甲获得奖品的概率为47B.在甲先抽取的不是红球的条件下,甲没有获得奖品的概率为1314C.甲获得奖品的概率为2449D.若甲获得奖品,则甲先抽取绿球的机会最小【答案】ACD【解析】设A 红,A 黄,A 绿,分别表示先抽到的小球的颜色分别是红、黄、绿的事件,设B 红表示再抽到的小球的颜色是红的事件,在甲先抽取的是黄球的条件下,甲获得奖品的概率为:P B 红∣A 黄 =P B 红A 黄 P A 黄=27×4727=47,故A 正确;在甲先抽取的不是红球的条件下,甲没有获得奖品的概率为:P B 红 ∣A 红 =P A 红 B 红 P A 红 =P A 黄B 红 +P A 绿B 红 P A 红 =27×37+27×1247=1328,故B 错误;由题意可知,P A 红 =37,P A 黄 =27,P A 绿 =27,P B 红∣A 红 =37,P B 红∣A 黄 =47,P B 红∣A 绿 =12,由全概率公式可知,甲获得奖品的概率为:P =P A 红 P B 红∣A 红 +P A 黄 ⋅P B 红∣A 黄 +P A 绿 ⋅P B 红∣A 绿 =37×37+27×47+27×12=2449,故C 正确;因为甲获奖时红球取自哪个箱子的颜色与先抽取小球的颜色相同,则P A 红∣B 红 =P A 红 ⋅P B 红∣A 红 P B 红=37×37×4924=38,P A 黄∣B 红 =P A 黄 ⋅P B 红∣A 黄P B 红=27×47×4924=13,P A 绿∣B 红 =P A 绿 ⋅P B 红∣A 绿 P B 红 =27×12×4924=724,所以甲获得奖品时,甲先抽取绿球机会最小,故D 正确.故选:ACD .三、填空题:本题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分.12已知△ABC 的边BC 的中点为D ,点E 在△ABC 所在平面内,且CD =3CE -2CA ,若AC =xAB +yBE,则x +y =.【答案】11【解析】因为CD =3CE -2CA ,边BC 的中点为D ,所以12CB=3BE -BC +2AC ,因为12CB =3BE -3BC +2AC ,所以52BC =3BE +2AC ,所以52BC =52AC -AB =3BE +2AC ,所以5AC -5AB =6BE +4AC ,即5AB +6BE =AC ,因为AC =xAB +yBE ,所以x =5,y =6,故x +y =11.故答案为:1113已知圆锥母线长为2,则当圆锥的母线与底面所成的角的余弦值为时,圆锥的体积最大,最大值为.【答案】①.63②.16327π【解析】设圆锥的底面半径为r ,圆锥的母线与底面所成的角为θ,θ∈0,π2 ,易知cos θ=r 2.圆锥的体积为V =13πr 2⋅4-r 2=43πcos 2θ⋅2sin θ=8π3cos 2θ⋅sin θ=8π31-sin 2θ sin θ令x =sin θ,x ∈0,1 ,则y =1-sin 2θ sin θ=-x 3+x ,y =-3x 2+1当y >0时,x ∈0,33,当y<0时,x ∈33,1 ,即函数y =-x 3+x 在0,33 上单调递增,在33,1上单调递减,即V max =8π333-33 3 =163π27,此时cos θ=1-323 =62.故答案为:62;163π2714已知双曲线C :x 2-y 23=1的左、右焦点分别为F 1,F 2,右顶点为E ,过F 2的直线交双曲线C 的右支于A ,B 两点(其中点A 在第一象限内),设M ,N 分别为△AF 1F 2,△BF 1F 2的内心,则当F 1A ⊥AB 时,AF 1=;△ABF 1内切圆的半径为.【答案】①.7+1##1+7②.7-1##-1+7【解析】由双曲线方程知a =1,b =3,c =2,如下图所示:由F 1A ⊥AB ,则AF 1 2+AF 2 2=F 1F 2 2=16,故AF 1 -AF 2 2+2AF 1 AF 2 =16,而AF 1 -AF 2 =2a =2,所以AF 1 AF 2 =6,故AF 2 2+2AF 2 -6=0,解得AF 2 =7-1,所以AF 1 =7+1,若G 为△ABF 1内切圆圆心且F 1A ⊥AB 可知,以直角边切点和G ,A 为顶点的四边形为正方形,结合双曲线定义内切圆半径r =12AF 1 +AB -BF 1 =12AF 1 +AF 2 +BF 2 -BF 1所以r =1227+BF 2 -BF 1 =1227-2 =7-1;故答案为:7+1,7-1;2024届高三二轮复习“8+3+3”小题强化训练(3)一、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1有一组按从小到大顺序排列数据:3,5,x ,8,9,10,若其极差与平均数相等,则这组数据的中位数为()A.7B.7.5C.8D.6.5【答案】B【解析】依题意可得极差为10-3=7,平均数为163+5+x +8+9+10 =1635+x ,所以1635+x =7,解得x =7,所以中位线为7+82=7.5.故选:B .2已知集合A =x x -1 >2 ,B =x log 4x <1 ,则A ∩B =()A.3,4B.-∞,-1 ∪3,4C.1,4D.-∞,4【答案】A【解析】由x -1 >2,得x <-1或x >3,所以A =x x <-1或x >3 ,由log 4x <1,得0<x <4,所以B =x 0<x <4 ,所以A ∩B =x 3<x <4 .故选:A .3已知向量a =(2,0),b =sin α,32,若向量b 在向量a 上的投影向量c =12,0 ,则|a +b |=()A.3B.7C.3D.7【答案】B【解析】由已知可得,b 在a 上的投影向量为a ⋅b |a |⋅a |a |=2sin α2×2(2,0)=(sin α,0),又b 在a 上的投影向量c =12,0 ,所以sin α=12,所以b =12,32,所以a +b =52,32 ,所以|a +b |=52 2+322=7.故选:B .4如图是两个底面半径都为1的圆锥底面重合在一起构成的几何体,上面圆锥的侧面积是下面圆锥侧面积的2倍,AP ⊥AQ ,则PQ =()A.74B.262C.52D.3【答案】C【解析】设两圆锥的高OP =x ,OQ =y ,则AP =x 2+1,AQ =y 2+1,由AP ⊥AQ ,有AP 2+AQ 2=PQ 2,可得x 2+1+y 2+1=x +y 2,可得xy =1,又由上下圆锥侧面积之比为2:1,即π×1×P A =2×π×1×QA ,可得P A =2QA ,则有x 2+1=2y 2+1,即x 2=4y 2+3,代入y =1x整理为x 4-3x 2-4=0,解得x =2(负值舍),可得y =12,OP =x +y =2+12=52.故选:C .5已知Q 为直线l :x +2y +1=0上的动点,点P 满足QP=1,-3 ,记P 的轨迹为E ,则()A.E 是一个半径为5的圆B.E 是一条与l 相交的直线C.E 上的点到l 的距离均为5D.E 是两条平行直线【答案】C【解析】设P x ,y ,由QP=1,-3 ,则Q x -1,y +3 ,由Q 在直线l :x +2y +1=0上,故x -1+2y +3 +1=0,化简得x +2y +6=0,即P 轨迹为E 为直线且与直线l 平行,E 上的点到l 的距离d =6-112+22=5,故A 、B 、D 错误,C 正确.故选:C .6已知x +1 x -1 5=a 0+a 1x +a 2x 2+a 3x 3+a 4x 4+a 5x 5+a 6x 6,则a 1+a 3的值为()A.-1B.1C.4D.-2【答案】C【解析】在x +1 x -1 5=a 0+a 1x +a 2x 2+a 3x 3+a 4x 4+a 5x 5+a 6x 6中,而x +1 x -1 5=x x -1 5+x -1 5,由二项式定理知x -1 5展开式的通项为T r +1=C r 5x 5-r (-1)r ,令5-r =2,解得r =3,令5-r =3,r =2,故a 3=C 35(-1)3+C 25(-1)2=0,同理令5-r =1,解得r =4,令5-r =0,解得r =5,故a 1=C 45(-1)4+C 55(-1)5=4,故a 1+a 3=4.故选:C7已知P 为抛物线x 2=4y 上一点,过P 作圆x 2+(y -3)2=1的两条切线,切点分别为A ,B ,则cos ∠APB 的最小值为()A.12B.23C.34D.78【答案】C【解析】如图所示:因为∠APB =2∠APC ,sin ∠APC =AC PC=1PC,设P t ,t 24,则PC 2=t 2+t 24-3 2=t 416-t 22+9=116t 2-4 2+8,当t 2=4时,PC 取得最小值22,此时∠APB 最大,cos ∠APB 最小,且cos ∠APB min =1-2sin 2∠APC =1-21222=34,故C 正确.故选:C8已知函数f x ,g x 的定义域为R ,g x 为g x 的导函数且f x +g x =3,f x -g 4-x =3,若g x 为偶函数,则下列结论一定成立的是()A.f -1 =f -3B.f 1 +f 3 =65C.g 2 =3D.f 4 =3【答案】D【解析】对于D ,∵g x 为偶函数,则g x =g -x ,两边求导可得g x =-g -x ,则g x 为奇函数,则g 0 =0,令x =4,则f 4 -g 0 =3,f 4 =3,D 对;对于C ,令x =2,可得f 2 +g 2 =3f 2 -g 2 =3 ,则f 2 =3g 2 =0 ,C 错;对于B ,∵f x +g x =3,可得f 2+x +g 2+x =3,f x -g 4-x =3可得f 2-x -g 2+x =3,两式相加可得f 2+x +f 2-x =6,令x =1,即可得f 1 +f 3 =6,B 错;又∵f x +g x =3,则f x -4 +g x -4 =f x -4 -g 4-x =3,f x -g 4-x =3,可得f x =f x -4 ,所以f x 是以4为周期的函数,所以根据以上性质不能推出f -1 =f -3 ,A 不一定成立.故选:D二、选择题:本题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分.在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分,部分选对的得部分分,有选错的得0分.9下列结论正确的是()A.若a <b <0,则a 2>ab >b 2B.若x ∈R ,则x 2+2+1x 2+2的最小值为2C.若a +b =2,则a 2+b 2的最大值为2D.若x ∈(0,2),则1x +12-x ≥2【答案】AD【解析】因为a 2-ab =a (a -b )>0,所以a 2>ab ,因为ab -b 2=b (a -b )>0,所以ab >b 2,所以a 2>ab >b 2,故A 正确;因为x 2+2+1x 2+2≥2的等号成立条件x 2+2=1x 2+2不成立,所以B 错误;因为a 2+b 22≥a +b 2 2=1,所以a 2+b 2≥2,故C 错误;因为1x +12-x =12(x +2-x )1x +12-x =122+2-x x +x 2-x ≥12(2+2)=2,当且仅当1x =12-x,即x =1时,等号成立,所以D 正确.故选:AD10若函数f x =2sin 2x ⋅log 2sin x +2cos 2x ⋅log 2cos x ,则()A.f x 的最小正周期为πB.f x 的图像关于直线x =π4对称C.f x 的最小值为-1D.f x 的单调递减区间为2k π,π4+2k π ,k ∈Z【答案】BCD【解析】由sin x >0,cos x >0得f x 的定义域为2k π,π2+2k π ,k ∈Z .对于A :当x ∈0,π2时,x +π∈π,32π 不在定义域内,故f x +π =f x 不成立,易知f x 的最小正周期为2π,故选项A 错误;对于B :又f π2-x =2cos 2x ⋅log 2cos x +2sin 2x ⋅log 2sin x =f x ,所以f x 的图像关于直线x =π4对称,所以选项B 正确;对于C :因为f x =sin 2x ⋅log 2sin 2x +cos 2x ⋅log 2cos 2x ,设t =sin 2x ,所以函数转化为g t =t ⋅log 2t +1-t ⋅log 21-t ,t ∈0,1 ,g t =log 2t -log 21-t ,由g t >0得,12<t <1.g t <0得0<t <12.所以g t 在0,12 上单调递减,在12,1 上单调递增,故g (t )min =g 12=-1,即f (x )min =-1,故选项C 正确;对于D :因为g t 在0,12 上单调递减,在12,1 上单调递增,由t =sin 2x ,令0<sin 2x <12得0<sin x <22,又f x 的定义域为2k π,π2+2k π ,k ∈Z ,解得2k π<x <π4+2k π,k ∈Z ,因为t =sin 2x 在2k π,π4+2k π 上单调递增,所以f x 的单调递减区间为2k π,π4+2k π ,k ∈Z ,同理函数的递增区间为π4+2k π,π2+2k π ,k ∈Z ,所以选项D 正确.故选:BCD .11已知数列a n 的前n 项和为S n ,且2S n S n +1+S n +1=3,a 1=α0<α<1 ,则()A.当0<α<13-14时,a 2>a 1B.a 3>a 2C.数列S 2n -1 单调递增,S 2n 单调递减D.当α=34时,恒有nk =1S k -1 <54【答案】ACD【解析】由题意可得:S n +1=32S n +1,a 1=α,由S n +1=32S n +1可知:S n +1=1⇔S n =1,但S 1=α∈0,1 ,可知对任意的n ∈N *,都有S n ≠1,对于选项A :若0<α<13-14,则a 2-a 1=S 2-2a 1=32α+1-2α=3-2α-4α22α+1=4α+1+13 13-14-α2α+1>0,即a 2>a 1,故A 正确;对于选项B :a 3-a 2=S 3-2S 2+S 1=6α+32α+7-62α+1+α=α-1 4α2+32α+39 2α+1 2α+7<0,即a 3<a 2,故B 错误.对于选项C :因为S n +1-1=-2S n -1 2S n +1,S n +1+32=3S n +32 2S n +1,则S n +1-1S n +1+32=-23⋅S n -1S n +32,且S 1-1S 1+32=α-1α+32<0,可知S n -1S n+32是等比数列,则S n -1S n +32=α-1α+32⋅-23n -1,设A =α-1α+32<0,t =232n -2,可得S 2n =3-3At 3+2At =3253+2At -1 ,S 2n -1=1+32At 1-At =521-At-32,因为At =A 232n -2,可知A 23 2n -2 为递增数列,所以数列S 2n -1 单调递增,S 2n 单调递减,故C 正确;对于选项D :因为S n +1=32S n +1,S n +1-34=32S n +1-34=33-2S n 42S n +1,由S 1=α=34,可得S 2-34>0,即S 2>34,则S 2≤65,即34<S 2≤65;由34<S 2≤65,可得S 3-34>0,即S 3>34,则S 3<65,即34<S 3<65;以此类推,可得对任意的n ∈N *,都有S n ≥S 1=α=34,又因为S n +1-1S n -1=22S n +1,则S n +1-1 ≤22α+1S n -1 =45S n -1 ,所以∑nk =1S k -1 ≤541-45 n <54,故D 正确.故选:ACD .三、填空题:本题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分.12在(1+ax )n (其中n ∈N *,a ≠0)的展开式中,x 的系数为-10,各项系数之和为-1,则n =.【答案】5【解析】由题意得(1+ax )n 的展开式中x 的系数为aC 1n =-10,即an =-10,令x =1,得各项系数之和为(1+a )n =-1,则n 为奇数,且1+a =-1,即得a =-2,n =5,故答案为:513已知椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b2=1a >b >0 的左、右焦点分别F 1,F 2,椭圆的长轴长为22,短轴长为2,P 为直线x =2b 上的任意一点,则∠F 1PF 2的最大值为.【答案】π6【解析】由题意有a =2,b =1,c =1,设直线x =2与x 轴的交点为Q ,设PQ =t ,有tan ∠PF 1Q =PQ F 1Q=t3,tan ∠PF 2Q =PQ F 2Q=t ,可得tan ∠F 1PF 2=tan ∠PF 2Q -∠PF 1Q =t -t31+t23=2t t 2+3=2t +3t ≤2t 23t =33,当且仅当t =3时取等号,可得∠F 1PF 2的最大值为π6.故答案为:π614已知四棱锥P -ABCD 的底面为矩形,AB =23,BC =4,侧面P AB 为正三角形且垂直于底面ABCD ,M 为四棱锥P -ABCD 内切球表面上一点,则点M 到直线CD 距离的最小值为.【答案】10-1【解析】如图,设四棱锥的内切球的半径为r ,取AB 的中点为H ,CD 的中点为N ,连接PH ,PN ,HN ,球O为四棱锥P-ABCD的内切球,底面ABCD为矩形,侧面P AB为正三角形且垂直于底面ABCD,则平面PHN截四棱锥P-ABCD的内切球O所得的截面为大圆,此圆为△PHN的内切圆,半径为r,与HN,PH分别相切于点E,F,平面P AB⊥平面ABCD,交线为AB,PH⊂平面P AB,△P AB为正三角形,有PH⊥AB,∴PH⊥平面ABCD,HN⊂平面ABCD,∴PH⊥HN,AB=23,BC=4,则有PH=3,HN=4,PN=5,则△PHN中,S△PHN=12×3×4=12r3+4+5,解得r=1.所以,四棱锥P-ABCD内切球半径为1,连接ON.∵PH⊥平面ABCD,CD⊂平面ABCD,∴CD⊥PH,又CD⊥HN,PH,HN⊂平面PHN,PH∩HN=H,∴CD⊥平面PHN,∵ON⊂平面PHN,可得ON⊥CD,所以内切球表面上一点M到直线CD的距离的最小值即为线段ON的长减去球的半径,又ON=OE2+EN2=10.所以四棱锥P-ABCD内切球表面上的一点M到直线CD的距离的最小值为10-1.故答案为:10-12024届高三二轮复习“8+3+3”小题强化训练(4)一、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1已知双曲线的标准方程为x 2k -4+y 2k -5=1,则该双曲线的焦距是()A.1B.3C.2D.4【答案】C【解析】由双曲线方程可知a 2=k -4,b 2=5-k ,所以c 2=k -4+5-k =1,c =1,2c =2.故选:C2在等比数列a n 中,a 1+a x =82,a 3a x -2=81,前x 项和S x =121,则此数列的项数x 等于()A.4B.5C.6D.7【答案】B【解析】由已知条件可得a 1+a x =82a 3a x -2=a 1a x =81,解得a 1=1a x =81 或a 1=81a x =1 .设等比数列a n 的公比为q .①当a 1=1,a x =81时,由S x =a 1-a x q 1-q =1-81q1-q=121,解得q =3,∵a x =a 1q x -1=3x -1=81,解得x =5;②当a 1=81,a x =1时,由S x =a 1-a x q 1-q =81-q 1-q =121,解得q =13,∵a x =a 1q x -1=81×13x -1=35-x =1,解得x =5.综上所述,x =5.故选:B .3对任意实数a ,b ,c ,在下列命题中,真命题是()A.“ac 2>bc 2”是“a >b ”的必要条件B.“ac 2=bc 2”是“a =b ”的必要条件C.“ac 2=bc 2”是“a =b ”的充分条件D.“ac 2≥bc 2”是“a ≥b ”的充分条件【答案】B【解析】对于A ,若c =0,则由a >b ⇏ac 2>bc 2,∴“ac 2>bc 2”不是“a >b ”的必要条件,A 错.对于B ,a =b ⇒ac 2=bc 2,∴“ac 2=bc 2”是“a =b ”的必要条件,B 对,对于C ,若c =0,则由ac 2=bc 2,推不出a =b ,“ac 2=bc 2”不是“a =b ”的充分条件对于D ,当c =0时,ac 2=bc 2,即ac 2≥bc 2成立,此时不一定有a ≥b 成立,故“ac 2≥bc 2”不是“a ≥b ”的充分条件,D 错误,故选:B .4已知m 、n 是两条不同直线,α、β、γ是三个不同平面,则下列命题中正确的是()A.若m ∥α,n ∥α,则m ∥nB.若α⊥β,β⊥γ,则α∥βC.若m ∥α,m ∥β,则α∥βD.若m ⊥α,n ⊥α,则m ∥n【答案】D【解析】A选项:令平面ABCD为平面α,A1B1为直线m,B1C1为直线n,有:m∥α,n∥α,但m∩n=B1,A错误;B选项:令平面ABCD为平面β,令平面B1BCC1为平面α,令平面A1ABB1为平面γ,有:α⊥β,β⊥γ,而α⊥β,B错误;C选项:令平面ABCD为平面α,令平面A1ABB1为平面β,C1D1为直线m,有:m∥α,m∥β,则α∥β,而α⊥β,C错误;D选项:垂直与同一平面的两直线一定平行,D正确.故选:D5将甲、乙等8名同学分配到3个体育场馆进行冬奥会志愿服务,每个场馆不能少于2人,则不同的安排方法有()A.2720B.3160C.3000D.2940【答案】D【解析】共有两种分配方式,一种是4:2:2,一种是3:3:2,故不同的安排方法有C48C24C222!+C38C35C222!A33=2940.故选:D6若抛物线y2=4x与椭圆E:x2a2+y2a2-1=1的交点在x轴上的射影恰好是E的焦点,则E的离心率为()A.2-12 B.3-12 C.2-1 D.3-1【答案】C【解析】不妨设椭圆与抛物线在第一象限的交点为A,椭圆E右焦点为F,则根据题意得AF⊥x轴,c2=a2-a2-1=1,则c=1,则F1,0,当x=1时,y2=4×1,则y A=2,则A1,2,代入椭圆方程得12a2+22a2-1=1,结合a2-1>0,不妨令a>0;解得a=2+1,则其离心率e=ca=12+1=2-1,故选:C.7已知等边△ABC 的边长为3,P 为△ABC 所在平面内的动点,且|P A |=1,则PB ⋅PC 的取值范围是()A.-32,92B.-12,112C.[1,4]D.[1,7]【答案】B【解析】如下图构建平面直角坐标系,且A -32,0 ,B 32,0 ,C 0,32,所以P (x ,y )在以A 为圆心,1为半径的圆上,即轨迹方程为x +322+y 2=1,而PB =32-x ,-y ,PC =-x ,32-y ,故PB ⋅PC =x 2-32x +y 2-32y =x -34 2+y -34 2-34,综上,只需求出定点34,34 与圆x +322+y 2=1上点距离平方范围即可,而圆心A 与34,34 的距离d =34+32 2+34 2=32,故定点34,34与圆上点的距离范围为12,52,所以PB ⋅PC ∈-12,112.故选:B 8设a 、b 、c ∈0,1 满足a =sin b ,b =cos c ,c =tan a ,则()A.a +c <2b ,ac <b 2B.a +c <2b ,ac >b 2C.a +c >2b ,ac <b 2D.a +c >2b ,ac >b 2【答案】A【解析】∵a 、b 、c ∈0,1 且a =sin b ,b =cos c ,c =tan a ,则c =tan a =tan sin b ,先比较a +c =sin b +tan sin b 与2b 的大小关系,构造函数f x =sin x +tan sin x -2x ,其中0<x <1,则0<sin x <1,所以,cos1<cos sin x <1,则f x =cos x +cos xcos 2sin x -2=cos x -2 cos 2sin x +cos x cos 2sin x,令g x =cos x -1-12x 2 ,其中x ∈0,1 ,则g x =x -sin x ,令p x =x -sin x ,其中0<x <1,所以,p x =1-cos x >0,所以,函数g x 在0,1 上单调递增,故g x >g 0 =0,所以,函数g x 在0,1 上单调递增,则g x =cos x -1-12x 2 >0,即cos x >1-12x 2,因为x ∈0,1 ,则0<sin x <sin1,所以,cos sin x >1-12sin 2x =1-121-cos 2x =121+cos 2x ,所以,cos 2sin x >141+cos 2x 2,因为cos x -2<0,所以,cos x -2 cos 2sin x +cos x <14cos x -2 1+cos 2x 2+cos x=14cos 5x -2cos 4x +2cos 3x -4cos 2x +5cos x -2 =14cos x -1 3cos 2x +cos x +2 <0,所以,对任意的x ∈0,1 ,f x =cos x -2 cos 2sin x +cos xcos 2sin x <0,故函数f x 在0,1 上单调递减,因为b ∈0,1 ,则f b =sin b +tan sin b -2b <f 0 =0,故a +c <2b ,由基本不等式可得0<2ac ≤a +c <2b (a ≠c ,故取不了等号),所以,ac <b 2,故选:A .二、选择题:本题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分.在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分,部分选对的得部分分,有选错的得0分.9某大学生做社会实践调查,随机抽取6名市民对生活满意度进行评分,得到一组样本数据如下:88、89、90、90、91、92,则下列关于该样本数据的说法中正确的是()A.均值为90B.中位数为90C.方差为2D.第80百分位数为91【答案】ABD【解析】由题意可知,该组数据的均值为x =88+89+90+90+91+926=90,故A 正确;中位数为90+902=90,故B 正确;方差为s 2=1688-90 2+89-90 2+90-90 2×2+91-90 2+92-90 2 =53,故C 错误;因为6×80%=4.8,第80百分位数为91,故D 正确.故选:ABD .10设M ,N ,P 为函数f x =A sin ωx +φ 图象上三点,其中A >0,ω>0,ϕ <π2,已知M ,N 是函数f x 的图象与x 轴相邻的两个交点,P 是图象在M ,N 之间的最高点,若MP 2+2MN ⋅NP=0,△MNP 的面积是3,M 点的坐标是-12,0 ,则()A.A =2B.ω=π2C.φ=π4D.函数f x 在M ,N 间的图象上存在点Q ,使得QM ⋅QN <0【答案】BCD【解析】MP 2+2MN ⋅NP =MP 2-2NM ⋅NP =MP 2-2NM ⋅12NM =T 4 2+A 2 -T 22=A 2-3T 216=0,而S △MNP =AT 4=3,故A =3,T =4=2πω,ω=π2,A 错误、B 正确;-12⋅π2+φ=k π,φ=k π+π4(k ∈Z ),而ϕ <π2,故φ=π4,C 正确;显然,函数f x 的图象有一部分位于以MN 为直径的圆内,当Q 位于以MN 为直径的圆内时,QM⋅QN<0,D 正确,故选:BCD .11设a 为常数,f (0)=12,f (x +y )=f (x )f (a -y )+f (y )f (a -x ),则().A .f (a )=12B .f (x )=12成立C f (x +y )=2f (x )f (y )D .满足条件的f (x )不止一个【答案】ABC 【解析】f (0)=12,f (x +y )=f (x )f (a -y )+f (y )f (a -x )对A :对原式令x =y =0,则12=12f a +12f a =f a ,即f a =12,故A 正确;对B :对原式令y =0,则f x =f x f a +f 0 f a -x =12f x +12f a -x ,故f x =f a -x ,对原式令x =y ,则f 2x =f x f y +f y f x =2f x f y =2f 2x ≥0,故f x 非负;对原式令y =a -x ,则f a =f 2x +f 2a -x =2f 2x =12,解得f x =±12,又f x 非负,故可得f x =12,故B 正确;对C :由B 分析可得:f x +y =2f x f y ,故C 正确;对D :由B 分析可得:满足条件的f x 只有一个,故D 错误.故选:ABC .三、填空题:本题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分.12在复平面内,复数z =-12+32i 对应的向量为OA ,复数z +1对应的向量为OB ,那么向量AB 对应的复数是.。
2021届江苏省常州市金沙高级中学高三下学期限时训练(一)英语试题(解析版)

江苏省常州市金沙高级中学2021届高三下学期限时训练(一)英语试题第一部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共7个小题:每小题2.5分,满分17.5分)AWhat do the random, scribbled(潦草的)drawings crowding the margins(页边空白)of most high school students’ papers mean? When a student is caught doodling(乱画)in class, he will probably be criticized for daydreaming. But doodling while listening can help with remembering details, rather than implying that the mind is wandering, according to a study published in the scientific journal Applied Cognitive Psychology.In an experiment conducted by the Medical Research Council’s Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit in Cambridge,40 subjects were asked to listen to a two-minute tape giving several names of people and places. Half of the participants were asked to shade in shapes on a piece of paper at the same time, without paying attention to neatness, while the rest were given no such instructions. After the tape had finished, all participants in the study were asked to recall the names of people and places. The doodlers recalled on average 7.5 names of people and places, compared to only 5.8 by the non-doodlers.“If someone is doing a boring task, like listening to a dull telephone conversation, they may start to daydream.” said study researcher, Professor Jackie Andrade, of the School of P sychology, University of Plymouth. “Daydreaming distracts them from the task, resulting in poorer performance. A simple task, like doodling, may be enough to stop daydreaming without affecting performance on the main task.”“In psychology, tests of memory or attention will often use a second task to selectively block a particular mental process. If that process is important for the main task, then performance will be weakened. But my research suggests that in everyday life doodling may be something we do because it helps to keep us on track with a boring task, rather than being an unnecessary distraction(分心)that we should try to resist doing.” said Andrade.Dan Ware, a social study teacher, used to consider doodling a distraction from learning, butafter teaching kids with all personality types he learned scribbling away during lectures helps certain students remember more information. “In my first few years of teaching, I thought, ‘Well, this kid isn’t paying attention. He’s daydreaming.’ But I had some real ly powerful experiences with students and came to understand in many cases that was their way of focusing, and those students were probably paying more attention than other students.” Ware said.1. What do we know about the participants involved in the experiment?A. Some were asked to note down the information neatly.B. Some were asked to memorize the names they would hear.C. Some were instructed to listen to the tape with full attention.D. Some were instructed to make random drawings on paper.2. Which of the following will both Jackie Andrade and Dan Ware agree with?A. Doodling helps some people focus.B. Doodling makes a dull task interesting.C. Students who doodle perform poorly.D. Students who doodle lack concentration.3. What is the best title of the text?A. Daydreaming Can Sharpen Study SkillsB. Doodling Can Help Memory RecallC. A Wandering Mind Improves ProductivityD. Distractions Harm Academic PerformanceBShyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are concerned about their own appearance and actions too much. Negative thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. A person’s self-concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves and the way a person behaves affects other people’s reactions. In general, the way p eople think about themselves has a deep effect on all areas of their lives.Shy people, who have low respect, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need faith that they are doing "the right thing". Shy people are very sensitive to criticism. It makes them feel inferior(自卑). They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one: "You’re just saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not true."It is clear that,. while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely got rid of, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcomeshyness with determination since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-respect. It isimportant for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths. Each one of us has hisor her own characteristics. We are interested in our own personal ways. The better we understandourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and successful life.4. The first paragraph is mainly about ____________.A. the cause of shynessB. the effect of shyness on peopleC. the feelings of shy peopleD. the questions in the minds of shy people5. According to the writer, self-awareness is ____________.A. harmful to peopleB. a weak point of peopleC. the cause of unhappinessD. a good characteristic6. What is the shy people’s reaction to praise?A. They are pleased by it. B They feel it is not true.C. They are very sensitive to it.D. They feel they are worthy of it.7. We can learn from the passage that shyness ____________.A. blocks our chances for a successful lifeB. helps us to live up to our full developmentC. enables us to understand ourselves betterD. has nothing to do with lack of self-respect第二节(共5小题,每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
高一上学期语文 限时训练 一含答案

高一语文第一次限时训练一、客观题1.下列词语中加点字的读音,完全正确的一项是()A.彷(páng)徨青荇(xìng)遒劲(jìn)颓圮(qǐ)B.长篙(gāo)漫溯(sù)青苔(tāi)火钵(bō)C.愤懑(mǎn)冰屑(xuè)麦糟(zāo)叱(chì)骂D.袒露(lù)隽(juàn)永碣(jié)石忸怩(ní)2.下列词语中,没有错别字的一组是()A.凄婉漂泊褒扬击浊扬清B.斑斓笙萧抨击剑拔驽张C.榆阴气概瓦菲意气风发D.讴歌扭扣寥廓天伦之乐3.下列句子中,成语使用恰当的一句是()A.袁弘表示,世上没有天生或是一蹴而就的坏人,自己会在饰演的这一版本的杨康中加深刻画其心理变化的过程,将其内心的迷茫和矛盾展现出来。
B.中日双方首脑同时以更加明确清晰的语言表示,解决东海共同开发问题倚马可待,现在剩下的可能就是技术层面或者事务层面的问题了。
C.日本捕鲸者不顾国际社会谴责,把非法捕捉到的鲸鱼屠宰、清洗、销售,以牟取暴利,血腥的一幕令人惨不忍睹。
D.房地产市场对宏观调控“免疫”,更深层的原因是市场制度存在重大的制度缺陷,若不从制度改革入手釜底抽薪,恐怕再多的“组合拳”和“重拳”都难以“拳拳到肉”。
4.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是()A.由于这种思想上的局限性,使得韩愈的文体改革运动仅仅以模仿先秦诸子的散文为目标,而不能像先秦诸子和司马迁那样以接近人民口语为目标来创造新的散文。
B.这种如鱼得水似的悠闲,让后世的学者在感叹中国人融入西方社会的艰难时,不得不叹服徐志摩是“最适应西方生活的中国文人”。
C.在这一时期,毛泽东同志在长沙组织了湖南学生联合会、新民学会,开办了平民夜校、文化书社和湖南自修大学,参加了反对袁世凯称帝,领导了驱逐张敬尧等军阀。
D.行政处罚在程序上的公正、合理与否,将直接影响行政处罚的内容的有效和成立。
高三综合复习二练物理限时训练题 (一)

2011—2012学年高三第二学期二次练兵限时训练物理试题(一) 2012.04二、选择题(本题包括7小题,每小题给出的四个选项中,有的只有一个选项正确,有的有多个选项正确,全部选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分,有选错的得0分)14.在物理学发展史上,许多科学家通过恰当的运用科学研究方法,超越了当时研究条件的局限性,取得了辉煌的研究成果,下列表述符合物理学史的是( ) A .英国物理学家焦耳在热学、电磁学等方面做出了杰出贡献,成功地发现了焦耳定律B .库仑在发现电荷间相互作用力规律之前,首先找到了定量测定电荷量的方法C .法拉第发现电流的磁效应,这和他坚信电和磁之间一定存在着联系的哲学思想是分不开的D .古希腊学者亚里士多德认为物体下落快慢由它们的重量决定,伽利略在他的《两种新科学的对话》中利用逻辑推断使亚里士多德的理论陷入了困境15.如图所示,A 、B 两物块质量分别为2m 和m ,用一轻弹簧相连,将A 用长度 适当的轻绳悬挂于天花板上,系统处于静止状态,B 物块恰好与水平桌面接触,此时轻弹簧的伸长量为x.现将悬绳剪断,下列说法正确的是( )A.悬绳剪断瞬间,A 物块的加速度大小为1.5gB.悬绳剪断瞬间,A 物块的加速度大小为3gC.悬绳剪断后,A 物块向下运动2x 时速度最大D. 悬绳剪断后,A 物块向下运动3x 时速度最大16.如图甲所示,物体沿斜面由静止开始下滑,在水平面上滑行一段距离后停止,物体与斜面和水平面间的动摩擦因数相同,斜面与水平面平滑连接,图乙中v 、a 、F 、s 、t 、E k 分别表示物体速度大小、加速度大小、摩擦力大小、路程、时间和动能..图乙中可能正确的是( )17.2010年11月3日,我国发射的“嫦娥二号”卫星,开始在距月球表面约100km 的圆轨道上进行长期的环月科学探测试验;2011年11月3日,交会对接成功的“天宫一号”和“神舟八号”连接体,在距地面约343 km 的圆轨道上开始绕地球运行.已知月球表面的重力加速度约为地球表面重力加速度的,月球半径约为地球半径的14.将“嫦娥二号”和“天宫一-神八连接体”在轨道上的运动都看作匀速圆周运动,用v 、T 1和v 、T 2分别表示“嫦娥二号”和“天宫一-神八连接体”在轨道上运行的速度、周期,则关于1122v Tv T 及的值,最接近的是(可能用到的数据:地球的半径R 地=6400 km ,地球表面的重力加速度g=9.8m/s 2)( )A .12v v =B .12v v = C.12T T =D .12T T =18.如图所示,理想变压器原、副线圈的匝数比为10:1,b 是原线圈的中心抽头,电压表和电流表均为理想电表,从某时刻开始在原线圈c 、d 两端加上交变电压,其瞬时值表达式为)(100sin 22201V t u π=,则( ) A.当s t 6001=,c 、d 间的电压瞬时值为110V B.当单刀双掷开关与a 连接时,电压表的示数为22V C.单刀双掷开关与a 连接,将滑动变阻器滑片P 向上移动时,变压器的输入功率变大D.保持滑片位置不变,当单刀双掷开关由a 扳向b 时,电压表示数变大,电流表示数变小19.一带负电的点电荷仅在电场力作用下由a 点运动到b 点的v-t 图象如图所示,其中t a 和t b 是电荷运动到电场中a 、b 两点的时刻.下列说法正确的是( )A.该电荷由a点运动到b 点,电场力做正功B. a 点处的电场线比b 点处的电场线密C. a 、b 两点电势的关系为a ϕ<b ϕD.该电荷一定做曲线运动 20.如图所示,水平面内两光滑的平行金属导轨,左端与电阻R 相连接,匀强磁场B 竖直向下分布在导轨所在的空间内,质量一定的金属棒垂直于导轨并与导轨接触良好.今对金属棒施加一个水平向右的外力F ,使金属棒从a 位置开始向右做初速度为零的匀加速运动,依次通过位置b 和c.若导轨与金属棒的电阻不计,ab 与bc 的距离相等,关于金属棒在运动过程中的有关说法正确的是( ) A.金属棒通过b 、c 两位置时,外力F 的大小之比为2:1B.金属棒通过b 、c 两位置时,电阻R 的电功率之比为1:2C.从a 到b 和从b 到c 的两个过程中,通过金属棒横截面的电荷量之比为1:1D.从a 到b 和从b 到c 的两个过程中,电阻R 上产生的热量之比为1:1 21.(12分)(1)(5分)某学习小组利用自行车的运动“探究阻力做功与速度变化的关系”.人骑自行车在平直的路面上运动,当人停止蹬车后,由于受到阻力作用,自行车的速度会逐渐减小至零,如图所示.在此过程中,阻力做功使自行车的速度发生变化.设自行车无动力后受到的阻力恒定.①在实验中使自行车在平直的公路上获得某一速度后停止蹬车,需要测出人停止蹬车后自行车向前滑行的距离s ,为了计算自行车的初速度v ,还需要测量____________(填写物理量的名称及符号).②设自行车受到的阻力恒为f ,计算出阻力做的功及自行车的初速度.改变人停止蹬车时自行车的速度,重复实验,可以得到多组测量值.以阻力对自行车做功的大小为纵坐标,自行车初速度为横坐标,作出W 一V 曲线.分析这条曲线,就可以得到阻力做的功与自行车速度变化的定性关系.在实验中作出W 一V 图象如图所示,其中符合实际情况的是(2)(7分)实际电流表有内阻,可等效为理想电流表与电阻的串联.现在要测量实际电流表G 1的内阻r 1.供选择的仪器如下:A .待测电流表G 1(0—5mA ,内阻约300Ω) B.电流表G 2,(0—10mA,内阻约100Ω) C.电压表V 2(量程15V ) D.定值电阻R 1(300Ω) E.定值电阻R 2(10Ω)F.滑动变阻器R 3(0—500Ω)G..直流电源(E=3V ) H .开关S 及导线若干①请选择合适的器材设计实验电路,并把电路图画在答题纸的虚线框中(图中表明所选器材).②根据测量的物理量,写出电流表G 1内阻的表达式r 1= . 22. 16分)如图所示,水平路面CD 的右侧有一长L 1=2m 的板M ,一小物块放在板M 的最右端,并随板一起向左侧固定的平台运动,板M 的上表面与平台等高.平台的上表面AB 长s=3m ,光滑半圆轨道AFE 竖直固定在平台上,圆轨道半径R=0.4m ,最低点与平台AB 相切于A 点.当板M 的左端距离平台L=2m 时,板与物块向左运动的速度v 0=8m/s.当板与平台的竖直墙壁碰撞后,板立即停止运动,物块在板上滑动,并滑上平台.已知板与路面的动摩擦因数u 1=0.05,物块与板的上表面及轨道AB 的动摩擦因数u 2=0.1,物块质量m=1kg ,取g=10m/s 2. (1)求物块进入圆轨道时对轨道上的A 点的压力;(2)判断物块能否到达圆轨道的最高点E.如果能,求物块离开E 点后在平台上的落点到A 点的距离;如果不能,则说明理由. 23.(18分) 如图1所示,水平直线PQ 下方有竖直向上的匀强电场,上方有垂直纸面方向的磁场,其磁感应强度B 随时间的变化规律如图2所示(磁场的变化周期T=2.4×10-5s).现有质量kg m 12102-⨯=带电量为C q 6102-⨯+=的点电荷,在电场中的O 点由静止释放,不计电荷的重力.粒子经t 0=s 6102-⨯第一次以sm v /105.140⨯=的速度通过PQ ,并进入上方的磁场中.取磁场垂直向外方向为正,并以粒子第一次通过PQ 时为t=0时刻.(本题中取3=π,重力加速度2/10s m g =).试求:⑴ 电场强度E 的大小;⑵ s t 5104.2-⨯=时刻电荷与O 点的水平距离;⑶ 如果在O 点右方d=67.5cm 处有一垂直于PQ 的足够大的挡板,求电荷从开始运动到碰到挡板所需的时间.(保留三位有效数字)36.(8分)【物理-物理3-3】(1)(3分)以下说法正确的是( )A.当分子间距离增大时,分子间作用力减小,分子势能增大B.某固体物质的摩尔质量为M ,密度为ρ,阿伏加德罗常数为N A ,则该物质的分子体积为0AMV N ρ=C.液晶既具有液体的流动性,又具有单晶体的光学各向异性的特点D.自然界发生的一切过程能量都是守恒的,符合能量守恒定律的宏观过程都能自然发生(2)(5分)一定质量的理想气体,经过如图所示的由A 经B 到C 的状态变化.设状态A 的温度为400K.求:①状态C 的温度Tc 为多少K ?②如果由A 经B 到C 的状态变化的整个过程中,气体对外做了400J 的功,气体的内能增加了20J ,则这个过程气体是吸收热量还是放出热量?其数值为多少?37.(8分)(物理-物理3-4)(1)(3分)如图所示,沿x 轴正方向传播的一列简谐横波在某时刻的波形图为一正弦曲线,其波速为200m/s ,下列说法中正确的是( )A.图示时刻质点b 的加速度正在减小B.若此波遇到另一列波并发生稳定的干涉现象,则另一列波的频率为50HzC.若该波传播中遇到宽约4m 的障碍物,能发生明显的衍射现象D.从图示时刻开始,经过0.01s ,质点a 通过的路程为20cm(2)(5分)某种透明物质制成的直角三棱镜ABC ,折射率为n,角A 等于30°.一细束光线在纸面内从O 点射入棱镜,如图所示,当入射角为α时,发现刚好无光线从AC 面射出,光线垂直于BC 面射出.求:①透明物质的折射率n.②光线的入射角α.(结果可以用α的三角函数表示) 38.(8分)(物理-物理3-5)(1)(3分)一个质子和一个中子聚变结合成一个氘核,同时辐射一个γ光子.已知质子、中子、氘核的质量分别为m 1、m 2、m 3,普朗克常量为h ,真空中的光速为c.下列说法正确的是( )A.核反应方程是11H+10n→31H+γ B.聚变反应中的质量亏损△m= m 1+m 2-m 3C . γ光子的波长123()hm m m cλ=+-D.辐射出的γ光子的能量E=(m 3- m 1- m 2)c 2(2)(5分)如图所示,水平光滑地面上依次放置着质量m =0.08kg 的10块完全相同长直木板.一质量M=1.0kg 大小可忽略的小铜块以初速度v 0=6.0m/s 从长木板左侧滑上木板, 当铜块滑离第一块木板时,速度大小为v 1=4.0m/s.铜块最终停在第二块木板上.(g=10m/s 2,结果保留两位有效数字)求: (1)第一块木板的最终速度; (2)铜块的最终速度.2011—2012学年高三第二学期二次练兵限时训练参考答案(一)14.AD 15. AD 16.BCD 17. C 18. B 19. AC 20.BC 21.(12分)(1)①人停止蹬车后自行车滑行的时间t (2分) ② C (3分)(2))①如图所示(4分)(滑动变阻器接成分压接法同样得分)②1112)(I R I I -(3分)22.(16分)解:(1)设物块随车运动撞击时的速度为1υ 有动能定理得:2211011()()()22m M gl M m M m μυυ-+=+-+…… 2分 设滑A 点时速度为v 2,由动能定理得:22122111()22mg s L m m μυυ-+=-……(2分)由牛顿第二定律得:Rmmg F N 22υ=-…………2分解得:F N =140N ,由牛顿第三定律知,滑块对轨道A 点的压力大小为140N ,方向竖直向下…(1分)(2)设物块能通过圆轨道的最高点,且在最高点处的速度为v 3,则有:R mg m m 221212322+=υυ………2分 解得:s m gR s m /2/63=〉=υ………2分故能通过最高点,做平抛运动 有t x 3υ=…………2分2212gt R =………2分解得:x=2.4m ………1分23. 解:⑴ 设粒子在电场中的加速度为a 由运动公式V 0=at (1分) 由牛顿定律qE=ma (2分)故电场强度大小:m V m V qt mV E /105.7/102102105.11023664120⨯=⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯==---(2分) ⑵ 如果粒子在匀强磁场B 1=0.3T 中作匀速圆周运动:运动周期s qB mT 5111022-⨯==π (1分) 运动轨道半径cm m qB mV R 505.011=== (2分)如果粒子在匀强磁场B 2=0.5T 中作匀速圆周运动:运动周期5222 1.210mT s qB π-==⨯ (1分) 运动轨道半径cm m qB mV R 303.022=== (1分)粒子进入磁场后在一个周期内的运动轨如图所示.(1分)所以在一个周期内水平位移cm R R x 4)(221=-=∆ (2分)⑶ 在前15个周期内的水平位移S=15Δx=60cm (1分)最后7.5m 内的运动轨迹如图所示(1分)21cos 11=--=R R s d αα=600 (1分)最后7.5cm 运动时间t 3s T t 51310667.036060180-⨯=-=(1所以运动的总时间tt T t t 104.215102(155630--+⨯⨯+⨯=++= s 41069.3-⨯= (1分) 36.(1)BC (3分)(2)(5分)解:①由理想气体状态方程,A A A p V T =C CCp V T ,解得状态C 的温度T c =320K.P Q②由热力学第一定律,△U=Q+W ,解得Q=420J ,气体吸收热量.37.(1)BC (3分) (2)(5分)解:①由题意可知,光线射向AC 面恰好发生全反射,反射光线垂直于BC 面从棱镜射出,光路图如下图.设该透明物质的临界角为C ,由几何关系可知 C=θ1=θ2=60°,sinC=1/n, 解得.…………………………………(2分) ②由几何关系得:r=30°……(1分) 由折射定律sin sin n αγ=…………………(1分)sin α=……………………………(1分) 38.(1)BC (3分)(2)(5分)①铜块和10个长木板水平方向不受外力,系统动量守恒,设铜块刚滑到第二个木板时,木板的速度为2v ,则:01210Mv Mv mv =+ (2分) 解得:2 2.5/v m s = (1分)②铜块最终停在第二块木板上,设最终速度为3v ,由动量守恒定律得:1239(9)Mv mv M m v +=+ (1分) 解得:3 3.4/v m s = (1分)高三物理二练限时训练(一)22.(16分)答题卷23.(18分)。
七年级数学限时训练试卷

一、选择题(每题5分,共50分)1. 下列各数中,有理数是()A. √16B. √-16C. πD. √0.252. 下列各数中,无理数是()A. 2/3B. √9C. 3.14D. √-93. 如果 |x| = 5,那么 x 的值为()A. ±5B. 5C. -5D. 04. 下列函数中,y 与 x 成正比例关系的是()A. y = 2x + 3B. y = 3x^2C. y = 4xD. y = 5/x5. 下列各式中,正确的是()A. (a + b)^2 = a^2 + b^2B. (a - b)^2 = a^2 - b^2C. (a + b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^2D. (a - b)^2 = a^2 - 2ab + b^26. 一个长方形的长是 8 厘米,宽是 3 厘米,那么它的周长是()A. 20 厘米B. 24 厘米C. 28 厘米D. 32 厘米7. 下列各图中,全等的是()A.B.C.D.8. 如果一个等腰三角形的底边长是 6 厘米,腰长是 8 厘米,那么它的面积是()A. 24 平方厘米B. 28 平方厘米C. 32 平方厘米D. 36 平方厘米9. 下列各数中,是质数的是()A. 11B. 12C. 13D. 1410. 下列各数中,是偶数的是()A. 23B. 24C. 25D. 26二、填空题(每题5分,共50分)11. (1)一个数的相反数是它本身的数是(),(2)两个数的和为 0,则这两个数互为(),(3)如果 a > b,那么 a - b 的值是()。
12. (1)√64 的值是(),(2)3 的平方根是(),(3)如果 a^2 = 4,那么 a 的值是()。
13. (1)正比例函数 y = 2x 的图象是一条()线,当 x = 1 时,y 的值为(),(2)反比例函数 y = 1/x 的图象是一条()线,当 x = 2 时,y 的值为()。
2019——2020学年度《经济生活》新发展理念和中国特社会主义新时代的经济建设试题限时训练(一) 教师版

经济生活第十课:新发展理念和中国特社会主义新时代的经济建设试题1.党的十九大报告指出:综合分析国际国内形势和我国发展条件,从二〇二〇年到本世纪中叶可以分两个阶段来安排。
第二阶段,从___________到__________,在基本实现现代化的基础上,再奋斗十五年,把我国建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。
()A.二〇二〇年二〇三五年 B.二〇〇〇年二〇五〇年C.二〇三〇年二〇四五年 D.二〇三五年本世纪中叶2.经过长期努力,我国社会生产力水平总体上显著提高,社会生产能力在很多方面进入世界前列,目前,我国面临更加突出的问题是()A.发展不平衡不充分 B.地区发展不平衡 C.行业发展不协调 D.城乡发展不平衡3.党的十八大以来,我国生态文明建设成效显著。
全党全国贯彻_________发展理念的________和_________显著增强,忽视生态环境保护的状况明显改变。
()A.创新目的性实效性 B.绿色自觉性主动性C.协调计划性自觉性 D.开放包容性主动性4.下列属于我国新征程第二阶段要实现的目标是()①物质文明政治文明、精神文明、社会文明、生态文明将全面提升②实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化③全体人民共同富裕基本实现,人民享有更加幸福安康的生活④生态环境根本好转,美丽中国目标基本实现A.①②③ B.①③④ C.②③④⑤⑥⑧ D.①②④5.下列属于我国新发展理念的是()①创新②包容③绿色④开放⑤共享⑥协调⑦率先⑧智慧A.①②③④⑤ B.①③④⑤⑥ C.③④⑤⑥⑧ D.②④⑥⑦⑧6.创新发展注重的是解决__________问题。
协调发展注重的是解决__________问题。
()A.发展不平衡发展动力 B.发展不平衡发展不充分C.发展动力发展不平衡 D.发展不充分发展不平衡7.坚持开放发展,必须顺应我国经济深度融入世界经济的趋势,奉行_________的开放战略,遵循___________原则,发展更高层次的开放性经济体系。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
限时训练测试题(一)限时训练测试题(一) (英语)(限时120分钟)第一部分完形填空(共两节, 20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)完形填空(1)阅读下面短,掌握其大意,然后从1~10各题所给的A、B、和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
If yu wear sks n yur ears, yu wn’t be punished. rssing a street against a red light is anther atter —it’s against the law. Laws are __1___________ rules ade by gvernents. They keep peae and reate rder. __2___________ peple break laws, their gvernents punish the. Lng ag, peple lived nly in sall tribal grups. They lived tgether, fllwed the sae __3_____________, and wrshipped the sae gds. There were n fral laws. __4_____________, peple were guided by their usts, rals, and religin.ver tie, ities began t fr. Laws beae re fral and were written dwn in legal des. In abut 1750 B, the king f Babyln __5_____________ ne f the first legal des, thede f Haurabi. It listed ertain ries and tld hw they shuld be punished. The anient Rans helped shape ur dern view f law. In the 600s B, itizens f Re wrte dwn all f their basi laws n twelve brnze tablets. The Rans delared that n itizen, __6_____________ the ruler, was abve the law. dern law des are rted in the Ran syste. Suh law des are statutry, eaning they are reated and hanged by legislatures, nt by urts.Anther syste f law __7_____________ later in England. Befre the 12th entury AD., eah part f England had its wn rules and usts. Fr the 12th entury nward, England beae a single natin. The urts f the land ade sure peple __8_____________ a n set f usts —the English n law.Unlike the Ran syste f law, the n law was never written dwn in ne plae. Instead, the urts ade deisins abut the law __9__________ earlier urt deisins. Thse deisins are alled exaples. Eah ase ust be deided in the sae way as earlier ases. But if a ase has se new aspets, the deisin ade will set a new exaple. That way, urts gradually hange the law __10____________ siety hanges.1.A. plieB. plitial. ffiialD. ffier2.A. UnlessB. Until. ThughD. hen3.A. lawsB. traditins. atinD. priniples4.A. InsteadB. Inluding. BesidesD. rever5.A. iaginedB. assued. reatedD. suppsed6.A. exept frB. nt even. in additin tD. besides7.A. tk effetB. ade up. gt verD. piked up8.A. fredB. prvided. presentedD. fllwed9.A. set abutB. based n. ae tD. taken ver10.A. befreB. after. despiteD. as完形填空(2)阅读下面短,掌握其大意,然后从11~20各题所给的A、B、和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
Dane an be art, ritual, r rereatin. It ges __11____________ the funtinal purpses f the veents used in wrk r athletis in rder t express etins, ds, r ideas; tell a stry; __12____________ religius, plitial, eni, r sial needs; r siply be an __13___________ that is pleasurable, exiting, r aesthetially (审美的) valuable.Besides giving __14____________ pleasure, daning an have psyhlgial effets. Feelings and ideas an be expressed and uniated; __15____________ rhyths and veents an ake a grup feel unitied. In se sieties, daningften __16____________ trane(心醉神迷的状态)r ther hanged states f nsiusness. These states an be __17____________ as signaling pssessin by spirits, r they ay be sught as a eans t etinal __18____________.A state f trane ay enable peple t perfr rearkable feats f strength, endurane, r __19____________, suh as daning thrugh ht als. In se sieties shaans (道士) dane in trane in rder t heal thers physially r etinally. The dern field f dane __20 ___________ develped as a eans t help peple express theselves and relate t thers.11.A. behindB. after. beyndD. frward12.A. dB. have. perfrD. serve13.A. experieneB. etin. feelingD. experient14.A. entalB. physial. etinalD. spiritual15.A. hearingB. pratiing. sharingD. enying16.A. refers tB. leads t. turns upD. akes up17.A. interpretedB. interrupted. preferredD. stressed18.A. pressureB. strain. regnitinD. release19.A. dangerB. pleasure. delightD. sadness20.A. ediineB. peratin. therapyD. ure第二部分阅读理解(共25小题;每小题2分,满分50分)阅读下面短,掌握其大意,然后从21~45各题所给的四个选项(A、B、、D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Passage AVisitrs fr spae ay have landed n ur planet dzens, even hundreds f ties during the lng, epty ages while an was still a drea f the distant future. Indeed, they uld have landed n 90% f the earth as reently as tw r three hundred years ag, and we uld never have heard f it. If ne searhes thrugh ld newspapers and lal rerds, ne an find any reprts f strange inidents that uld be interpreted(解释) as visits fr uter spae. A winter, harles Frt, had ade a lletin f UF sightings in his bk. ne is tepted(引诱) t believe the re than any dern reprts, fr the siple reasn that they happened lng befre anyne had ever thught f spae travel. yet at the sae tie, ne an’t take the t seriusly, fr befre sientifi eduatin was widespread, even sightings f eters(流星) and ets(彗星) gave rise t the st unbelievable stries, as they still d tday.21. Arding t the passage visitrs fr spae ay havelanded n the earth _____.A. lng befre an had dreaed f itB. lng befre there were huan beings. in the last few hundred yearsD. after the spae age began22. Arding t the passage, whih f the fllwing stateents is true?A. All bservatins f UF’s are believableB. harles Frt sighted a lt f UF’s hiself. lder ivilizatin (明) ay exist n ther planetsD. Peple have seen visitrs fr ther planets everywhere23. If visitrs fr ther planets have atually landed n the earth, ne an suppse that they ae t __________________.A. ake warB. uniate . settle dwn D. explre24 The passage iplies that the spae age has __________________.A. ade the reprted sightings unbelievableB. inreased the nuber f UF sightings. allwed re sientifi study f UF’sD. given learer pitures f UF’s25. Arding t the passage, __________________.A. UF’s are nly reent bservatinsB. UF sightings are nt new. UF’s are ust eters and etsD. UF’s are invented by peplePassage Bne silly questin I siply an’t stand is “Hw d yu feel?” Usually the questin is asked f a an in atin —a an n the g, walking alng the street, r busily wrking at his desk. S what d yu expet hi t say? He’ll prbably say, “Fine, I’ all right,” but “yu’ve put a bug in his ear”— aybe nw he’s nt sure. If yu’re a gd friend, yu ay have seen sething in his fae, r his walk, that he verlked that rning. It starts hi wrrying a little. First thing yu knw, he lks in a irrr t see if everything is all right, while yu g errily n yur way asking sene else, “Hw d yu feel?”Every questin has its tie and plae. It’s perfetly aeptable, fr instane, t asked “Hw d yu feel?” if yu’re visiting a lse friend in the hspital. But if the fellw is walking n bth legs, hurrying t ath a train, r sitting at his desk wrking, it’s n tie t ask hi that sillyquestin.hen Gerge Bernard Shaw, the faus writer f plays, was in his eighties, sene asked hi, “Hw d yu feel?”Shaw put hi in his plae. “hen yu reah y age,” Shaw said, “either yu feel all right r yu’re dead.”26. The passage tells us that se greetings suh as “Hw d yu feel?” __________.A. shw ne’s nsideratin fr thersB. are a gd way t ake friends. are prper t ask a an in atinD. generally ake ne feel uneasy27. The questin “Hw d yu feel?” sees t be rret and suitable when asked f _________________________.A. a an wrking at his wrkB. a persn having lst a lse friend. a stranger wh lks sewhat wrriedD. a friend wh is ill28. The writer sees t feel that a busy an shuld _________________.A. be praised fr his effrtsB. never be asked any questins. nt be trubledD. be disuraged fr wrking s hard29. “yu’ve put a bug in his ear” eans that yu’ve _________________.A. ade hi laugh errilyB. given hi se kind f warning. shwn uh nern fr hiD. played a ke n hi30. Gerge Bernard Shaw’s reply in the passage shws his __________.A. levernessB. heerfulness. pwer and skillsD. plitenessPassageValentine’s Day is naed fr Saint Valentine an early hristas hurhan wh reprtedly helped yung lvers. Valentine was killed fr his hristian beliefs n February 14 re than 1700 years ag, but the day that has his nae is even earlier than that.re than 2,000 years ag, the anient Rans elebrated a hliday fr lvers. As part f the elebratin, girls wrte their naes n piees f paper and put the in a large ntainer. Bys reahed int the ntainer and pulled ne ut. The girl whse nae was written n the paper beae his lver r sweetheart fr a year.Lvers still put their naes n piees f paper and they sent eah ther Valentine’s Day ards that tell f their lve. Seties they als sent gifts, like flwers f hlate andy. Aerians usually send these gifts and ards thrugh the ail syste. But se used anther way t send this essage. They have it printed in a newspaper. The st is usually a few dllars. Se f the essages are siple and shrt “ane, I lve yu very uh”. thers say re. This ne, fr exaple, “Dan, Rses are red. Vilets are blue. I hpe yu lve e as uh as I lve yu. Frever. ay.”st f the newspapers that print suh essages are lal, but USA Tday is sld thrughut the United States, and 90 ther untries as well. This eans sene an send a Valentine essage t lver in a far-away ity r twn alst anywhere in the wrld. These essages st 80 dllars and re. An eplyee f USA Tday says readers an have a sall heart r rse printed alng with their essages this year. ill this kind f Valentine’s Day essage reah the ne yu lve? ell, ust ake sure he r she reads the newspaper.31. hen was the day naed after Valentine?A. re than 1700 years ag befre Valentine’s deathB. re than 2000 years ag. n February 24D. It is nt entined in the passage.32. hih is nt true abut the Ran hliday?A. Girls put int a ntainer large piees f paper with their wn naes n the.B. Bys and girls beae sweet hearts by hane. Girls and bys were nt lvers fr a year.D. It was elebrated as a hliday fr lvers33. hat is the st f printing a essage t shw ne’s lve? It’s _______________.A. a few dllarsB. 80 dllars, and re. very expensiveD. a few dllars in a lal newspaper and 80 dllars in USA Tday34. hat an be inferred fr the passage?A. The anient Ran girls were re pen and easy-ging than bysB. Valentine was killed fr helping lvers. Readers f USA Tday an send rses t their lvers alng with printed essagesD. Valentine was hnred by peple fr his fir hristian belief and war heart35. hat is the purpse f the passage?A. T briefly intrdue the rigin f Valentine’s Day and the dern style.B. T advertise fr USA Tday.. T tell yu that Aerians are pen t express their lveD. T sell rses n Valentine’s Day.Passage DBateria(细菌) are extreely sall living things. hile we easure ur wn sizes in inhes r entieters, baterial size is easured in irn. ne irn is a thusandth f a illieter; a pinhead is abut a illieter arss, Rd-shaped bateria are usually fr tw t fur irns lng, while runded nes are generally ne irn arss. Thus, if yu agnified a runded bateriu a thusand ties, it wuld be ust the size f a pinhead, while a grwn-up huan enlarged by the sae aunt wuld be ver a ile tall.Even with an rdinary irspe(显微镜), yu ust lk lsely t see bateria. Using a agnifiatin f 100 ties, ne an hardly find bateria. Nr an ne ake ut anything f their struture(结构), f urse. nly by using speial lrs, an ne see that se bateria have wavy-lking “hairs” alledflagella. thers have nly ne flagellu. The flagella ve rund a entral pint, pushing the bateria thrugh the water. any bateria lak flagella and annt ve abut by their wn pwer, while thers an ve alng ver surfae by se little-understd “ahinery”.Fr the baterial pint f view, the wrld is a very different plae fr what it is t huans. T a bateriu, water is as thik as lasses(糖浆) is t us. Bateria are s sall that they are affeted by the veents f the heial leules(分子) arund the. Bateria under irspes, even thse with n flagella, ften up up and dwn in the water. This is beause they knk with the water leules and are pushed this way and that.36. The underlined wrd agnified eans _______________.A. enlargedB. widened. killedD. aught37. e knw fr the passage that _______________ is the sallest.A. a pinheadB. a runded bateriu. a irspeD. a rd-shaped bateriu38. The relatinship between a bateriu and itsflagella is st nearly like whih f the fllwing?A. A rider uping n a hrse bakB. A ball being hit by a bet. A bat pwered by a trD. A dr lsed by wind39. hy des the writer pares water t lasses in the third paragraph?A. T tell us hw diffiult it is fr bateria t ve thrugh water.B. T suggest that bateria are fnd f different liquids.. T shw different heials are f different strutures.D. T shw that bateria are the best swiers.40. hih f the fllwing is the ain tpi f the passage?A. The harateristi (特点) f bateria.B. Hw bateria reprdue.. The varius parts f a bateriu’s bdyD. Hw bateria ause diseases.Passage EThe Peppered th, a kind f inset, is fund in England. It is light brwn in lr and likes t settle n trees whih are als light brwn. This akes the th diffiult t be seenand birds are less likely t ntie and eat it.But with the develpent f industry, ske fr fatries began t reah the trees where the th settled. It ade the trees blaker. Then sething very strange tk plae: in industrial areas, the Peppered th began t hange lr. It beae darker as well. Althugh the hange tk several years, se sientists sn ntied that newly-brn ths were a little darker than usual.A sientist alled kettle ell deided t ake a areful study f this. He arked se f the light ths and se f the darker nes, and set the free in the wds near Biringha, an industrial ity. Later he retarget as any the arked ths as pssible ( The result was given in the hart ).kettle ell’s researh was dne in the early 1950s. Sn afterwards Britain intrdued new laws t redue ske and fatry pllutin.an yu iagine what wuld happen t the Peppered th as the air beae leaner again?light thsdarker thsths set free201601ths reaught34 ( 16%)206 ( 34%)41. The trees where the Peppered th settled hangedtheir lr beause _____________________________.A. the Peppered th hanged its lrB. the Peppered th uldn’t be easily fund n the. industry in England develped quiklyD. the ske fr fatries plluted the42. The Peppered th began t hange its lr in industrial areas beause _____________________________.A. it hanged its lr all the tieB. it was fnd f the lr f its living plae. it had t prtet itself by ding sD. it was a speial srt f inset43. Fr the results f kettle ell’s researh, we an see that _________________.A. any re f the light ths were killed r eatenB. re than ne-fifth f the light ths esaped being killed. three ties as any dark ths were kept safe as light nesD. re dark ths were killed in industrial areas44. kettle ell’s wrk gives us a gd exaple f _________________________.A. Air PllutinB. hie f lr . Laws f Nature D. hangingInsets45. As the air beae leaner, _________________________.A. the nuber f the light ths inreasedB. the ttal nuber f the light ths reained unhanged. re f the darker ths wuld be reaughtD. the darker ths hanged int the light nes befre lng第三部分语法填空 (共2篇,20小题;每小题1. 5分,满分30分)语法填空(一)阅读下面短,按照句子结构的语法性和上下连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卷标号为46~55的相应位置上。