(最新版)电子信息工程专业毕业论文外文翻译
电子信息科学专业英语翻译范文
UNIT 1 Microelectronics and Electronic Circuits1-1Introduction to Microelectronics首先学习KEY WORDS.学习课文英文翻译成中文，并注意学习专业词汇。
Para. 1对太空的探索以及人造地球卫星的发展，增强了人们对减少电子电路的重量和体积的重要性的认识。
另外，即使电流在计算机中流得相当快，但是由于电子元器件之间的互联所导致的信号的时间延迟是不能不考虑的。
如果这种互联在尺寸上能减小，无疑会使计算机的运行速度更快。
Para. 2微电子学主要是使常规电路微型化。
比如一个运算放大器，包括许多彼此互连的分立器件，有二极管，电阻，象这样一个完整的电路，可以制作在一个很小的基片上。
这个完整的微型化的电路就称之为集成电路（IC）。
Para. 3IC体积小，重量轻，坚固耐用，稳定可靠。
它们比同等宏观电路（分立元件电路）需要更少的功耗和更低的电压。
因此，它们可以工作在更低的温度下，而在这种温度下，分立器件可能都不能正常工作，因为温度没有达到正常工作温度范围。
相应地，几乎不会产生寄生电容和延时，因为在IC中，器件之间地互联非常短。
维护起来跟简单，因为，如果在一个IC里边地器件坏了，通常用一个新的IC来替换坏的。
表面技术的大规模生产技术已经降低了许多IC的成本，因此，它们就跟单个晶体管一样便宜。
最后的结果就是，大部分常用的分立器件电路被IC所取代。
Para. 4有两种基本类型的IC：一种是独立IC,一种是薄或厚的膜状IC. 独立IC是构建在单个的半导体晶体的基片里边，通常用的是硅。
薄或厚的膜状IC是形成在一种绝缘材料的表面，像玻璃或者陶器。
还有一种混合的IC所包含的不仅仅是单个的基片。
在这里，这个词“混合”同样也指独立IC和薄或厚的膜状IC结合体。
Para. 5也可根据其功能不同对集成电路进行分类。
数字IC（也称为逻辑IC）通常用作开关，表示接通或关闭。
电子信息工程本科毕业中英文翻译
英语原文：Life of LED-Based White Light SourcesThe interest for using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for display and illumination applications has been growing steadily over the past few years. The potential for long life and reduced energy use are two key attributes of this rapidly evolving technology that have generated so much interest for its use in the above mentioned applications. Traditionally, the lamp life of light sources commonly used in illumination applications is determined by subjecting them to a predetermined on/off cycle until half the number of light sources cease to produce light. Unlike these sources, LEDs rarely fail catastrophically; instead, their light output slowly degrades over time. Even if an LED is technically operating and producing light, at some point the amount of light produced by the LED will be insufficient for the intended application. Therefore, the life of an LED should be based on the amount of time that the device can produce sufficient light for the intended application,rather than complete failure. Based on this argument, a recent publication from an industry group defines the life of an LED device or system for use in general lighting applications as the operating time, in hours, for the light output to reach 70% of its initial value.The most widely used white LEDs incorporate a layer of phosphor over a GaN-based, short-wavelength light emitter. Usually, the phosphor is embedded inside an epoxy resin that surrounds the LED die. Some portion of the short-wavelength radiation emitted by the LED is down-converted by the phosphor, and the combined radiation creates white light.Early white LEDs were packaged similar to the indicator-style colored LEDs, specifically 5 mm and SMD (surface mount devices). Although these products demonstrated the concept of a white light source, they did not produce sufficient light for display and illumination applications. Furthermore, these indicator-style white LEDs had a relatively short life, 5000–10 000h to reach 70% light level under normal operating conditions. To address the higher luminous flux requirements, manufacturers have started to commercialize high-power illuminator LEDs that are presently producing over one hundred times the flux compared to indicator-style white LEDs. The higher light output isachieved by using larger dies, higher drive currents,and improved heat extraction methods. In addition,some manufacturers are using better encapsulants to improve the life of white LEDs.There are several studies that have investigated the aging mechanisms of GaN-based LEDs. During the 1990s,Barton et al. investigated the degradation of GaN-based blue LEDs and showed that light output reduction over time occurred primarily due to the yellowing of the epoxy surrounding the die. In 2001, Narendran et al. observed that indicator-style white LED packages degraded very rapidly, with the LEDs reaching the 50% light output level within 6000 h. In that same study, it was shown that the chromaticity values of the white LEDs shifted toward yellow over time, and it was speculated that the yellowing of the epoxy was the main cause for light output degradation. Therefore, based on past studies,the primary reason for the degradation of indicator-style white LED packages is the yellowing of the epoxy that is caused by excessive heat at the p-n-junction of the LED. Some of the newer illuminator-style white LEDs use encapsulant materials that have lower photodegradation characteristics,and therefore have a lower degradation rate. However, there are factors such as the degradation of the die attaché epoxy, discoloration of the metal reflectors and the lead wires, and degradation of the semiconducting element that are influenced by heat, and these all contribute to the overall degradation of the white LED. Although the newer high-power white LEDs would have a lower degradation rate compared to the early indicator-style devices, it is the heat at the p-n-junction that most influences the degradation. The heat at the p-n-junction is caused by the ambient temperature and the ohmic heating at the bandgap.As stated earlier, long life is one key feature of LED technology that has attracted so many end-use communities. To benefit from the long-life feature, it is the final system that has to operate for a long time, not just the individual LED. As noted in past studies, heat at the p-n-junction is one of the key factors that determine the life of the white LED. Therefore, if systems are not properly designed with good thermal managemen techniques, even if they use long-life white LEDs the life of the final system would be short. Developing the relationship between junction temperature and life would be very usefulfor producing long-life systems.Although there are different methods available for estimating the junction temperature of LEDs, they are not very convenient,especially once the LEDs are integrated into a system . Furthermore, these methods are not direct; consequently, they are prone to erroneous results. Alternatively, it is much more convenient and direct to measure the heat at a location external to the LED package that is sufficiently close to the junction and where a temperature sensor can be directly attached. The temperature of this point should have a good relationship to the junction temperature. The point where a temperature sensor can be attached for this measurement could be the lead wire (cathode side) for the indicator-style LEDs and the board for high-power LEDs. Most manufacturers can recommend such a point,and we refer to this as the T-point in this manuscript.Since white LEDs in the marketplace are packaged differently, their ability to transfer heat from the die to the surrounding environment is different from product to product. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that different products have different degradation rates as a function of heat. A graph that shows the life of the LED as a function of T-point temperature is extremely useful for system manufacturers to build reliable, long-lasting systems. By knowing how much impact heat has on the degradation rate or life of the LED, the system manufacturer can select components and drive parameters, including the amount of heat sink and drive current, for a product being designed for a given application.Therefore, the objective of the study presented in this manuscript was to investigate the relationship between the T-point temperature and life of a white LED. A second objective was to understand the degradation rate of different high-power white LED products presently available in the marketplace.To understand the relationship between the T-point temperature and life, one type of high-power white LED that is commonly available in the marketplace was selected. Several of these LEDs were subjected to a life test under different ambient temperatures. The details of the experimental setup are described in the following paragraphs.Because the different LED arrays have to operate at a particular ambient temperature, the arrays were placed inside specially designed, individual life-test chambers. The test chambers had two different functions: 1) to keep the ambient temperature constant for the LED arrays and 2) to act as light-integrating boxes for measuring light output. Each individual LED array was mounted at the center of the inside top surface of a life-test chamber. A photodiode attached to the center of the left panel continuously measured the light output.A small white baffle placed over the photodiode shielded it from the direct light, allowing only the reflected light to reach the photodiode. A resistance temperature detector placed on top of the baffle measured the chamber’s ambient temperature and controlled the heater that provided the necessary heat to the chamber through a temperature controller. The temperature in-side the box remained within ±1℃.The heater was attached to a raised aluminum plate with a matte-white cover that sat on the chamber floor. The temperature was estimated using a J-type thin wire thermocouple soldered to the T-point of white LED. For each chamber, an external LED driver controlled the current flow through the LEDs. All life-test were placed inside a temperature-controlled room. The life-test chambers were staggered vertically and horizontally to ensure that heat rising from the bottom chambers did not affect the chambers above them.The results of this study underscore the importance of packaging white LEDs using proper thermal management to maintain light output, and thereby extend system life. Heat at the p-n-junction is one of the main factors that affect the life of white LEDs. Therefore, knowing the relationship between life and heat would be very useful for manufacturers who are interested in developing reliable, long-lasting systems.Results from the first experiment—conducted under various ambient temperatures to understand the relationship between T-point temperature and life—indicate that life decreases with increasing temperature in an exponential manner. Results from the second experiment—conducted to understand how different commercial white LEDs perform under identical operating conditions—show a large variation in life among the different packages, indicating that the packages used different heat extraction techniques and materials.As part of ongoing research, we hope to further investigate how the different commercial LEDs are affected by heat and finally develop a family of curves that illustrate the relationship between life and T-point temperature for the different products.中文翻译：基于LED的白色光源的寿命在过去几年中利用发光二极管(led)显示和作为照明应用的技术一直在稳步增长。
电子信息工程外文翻译 外文文献 英文文献
电子信息工程电路编程中的AT89C51单片机译文标题电路编程中的AT89C51单片机AT89C51 In-Circuit Programming 原文标题作者Robert W.Sparks等译名国籍美国斯帕克等W.罗伯特Atmel Corporation原文出处摘要本应用说明的是ATMEL公司AT89C51的电路可编程闪存的微控制器。
为在电路可编程AT89C51的应用提出了与应用程序相关的例子，它的修改要求支持在线编程。
这种方法显示在该应用程序中的AT89C51单片机可通过商业电话线远程改编。
本应用笔记中描述的电路，仅支持5伏电压下编程，需要使用一个AT89C51-XX-5。
标准A T89C51的需要12伏电压。
该应用程序的软件可从ATMEL下载。
总论当不在进行程序设计的时候，在电路设计中的AT89C51设计将变得透明化。
在编程期间必须重视EA/VPP这一脚。
在不使用外部程序存储器的应用程序中，这脚可能会永久接到VCC。
应用程序使用的外部程序存储器要求这一脚为低电平才能正常运行。
RST在编程期间必须为高电平。
应该提供一种方法使得电路通入电源以后，使RST代替主要的复位电路起到复位的作用。
在编程过程中，PSEN必须保持低电平，在正常运行期间绝不能使用。
ALE/ PRO在编程过程中输出低电平，在正常运行期间绝不能使用在编程过程中AT89C5I / 端口是用于模式应用程序，地址和数据选择的，可能要该控制器从应用的电路隔离。
如何做到这一点取决于应用程序输入端在编程过程中，控制器必须与应用电路的信号来源隔离。
带有三个输出状态的缓冲区在应用程序之间插入电路和控制器，同时在编程时缓冲区输出三种状态。
一个多路复用器用于信号源之间进行选择，适用于任何一方的应用电路或编程控制器电路的信号输出端如果应用的电路可以允许端口在编程过程中的状态变化，则不需要改变电路。
如果应电路的状态，必须事先在编程过程中的保持不变，可能在控制器和应用电路中插入锁存。
电子信息工程专业英语写作范文
电子信息工程专业英语写作范文In the realm of electronic information engineering, the art of writing is as crucial as the circuitry itself. It serves as the bridge connecting complex ideas with practical applications.The field demands a clear and concise writing style, ensuring that technical specifications are communicated without ambiguity. Precision is key; a single misplaced word can lead to significant misunderstandings in project implementation.As we delve into the intricacies of electronic systems, writing becomes a tool for documenting research, detailing methodologies, and articulating innovative solutions. It is through well-structured essays that we can convey the subtleties of our work to both peers and laypersons.In crafting an English composition for this discipline, one must consider the audience's technical background. For fellow engineers, the language can be dense with jargon, whereas for a general audience, explanations must be simplified without sacrificing accuracy.The evolution of electronic information engineering is a testament to the power of written communication. From the early days of vacuum tubes to the sophisticated microchips of today, each breakthrough has been documented and sharedthrough the written word.A well-written report not only informs but also inspires. It can ignite the imagination of students, guide the research of professionals, and even influence policy decisions in the tech industry.The future of our discipline hinges on our ability to articulate our ideas effectively. As we continue to push the boundaries of what is possible, our writing must evolve to match the complexity and innovation of our work.In conclusion, the role of English writing in electronic information engineering is multifaceted. It is a means of communication, a tool for documentation, and a catalyst for progress. As we refine our craft, we contribute to the ongoing dialogue that shapes the technological landscape.。
电子信息工程作文英文翻译
电子信息工程作文英文翻译下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
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专业英语(电子与信息工程类)翻译
1.As data networks advanced…also grew more complex.由于数据网络从面向终端的系统向分组交换、计算机与计算机连接的方向发展, 执行网络功能所必需的协议也变得愈来愈复杂。
2.An additional bit called a parity bit…during transmission.在每个字符的后面有时还包括一个称为奇偶校验位的附加位, 它们测试数据位在传输过程中是否被意外改变。
3.As already stated, with…downlink（FDD paired bands）.如前所述, 在非对称通信量应用中, TD-SCDMA利用可用频谱的效率比其他3G标准高, 因为它在只利用一个频带（TDD单一频带）而不是两个独立的频带（FDD成对频带）进行上行与下行通信。
4.Although often simpler to implement, …digital modulation.虽然光纤系统的模拟调制易于实现, 但其效率较低, 且要求在接收端有比数字调制高得多的信噪比。
5.At present, the bandwidth…electronics （）is possible.目前传输100km的几吉赫兹的调制信号和传输300km的几百兆赫兹的调制信号都是可能的, 因此光纤系统的可用带宽并没有得到充分利用。
6.Both TD-SCDMA deployments-TSD…unpaired bands awarded.TD-SCDMA的两种部署——TSM和TDDCLR的数据速率、频谱利用率、覆盖率、移动性和可靠性等性能是一样的, 并基本上为所有取得非成对TDD频段牌照的运营商所采用。
7.Crossbar sw itching was carried…selection for all calls.纵横制交换由一个称为标志器的特定电路控制, 标志器提供整个号码的公共控制并选择所有呼叫的路由。
电子信息工程专业毕业论文外文翻译【最新范本模板】
本科毕业设计（论文）中英文对照翻译院(系部）电气工程与自动化专业名称电子信息工程年级班级 04级7班学生姓名指导老师Infrared Remote Control SystemAbstractRed outside data correspondence the technique be currently within the scope of world drive extensive usage of a kind of wireless conjunction technique，drive numerous hardware and software platform support。
Red outside the transceiver product have cost low，small scaled turn，the baud rate be quick, point to point SSL, be free from electromagnetism thousand Raos etc。
characteristics, can realization information at dissimilarity of the product fast, convenience, safely exchange and transmission，at short distance wireless deliver aspect to own very obvious of advantage。
Along with red outside the data deliver a technique more and more mature，the cost descend，red outside the transceiver necessarily will get at the short distance communication realm more extensive of application。
电子信息工程专业外文翻译--客户信息管理系统
外文原文：Database Management Systems A database (sometimes spelled data base) is also called an electronic database , referring to any collection of data, or information, that is specially organized for rapid search and retrieval by a computer. Databases are structured to facilitate the storage, retrieval , modification, and deletion of data in conjunction with various data-processing operations .Databases can be stored on magnetic disk or tape, optical disk, or some other secondary storage device. A database consists of a file or a set of files. The information in these files may be broken down into records, each of which consists of one or more fields. Fields are the basic units of data storage , and each field typically contains information pertaining to one aspect or attribute of the entity described by the database . Using keywords and various sorting commands, users can rapidly search , rearrange, group, and select the fields in many records to retrieve or create reports on particular aggregate of data. Complex data relationships and linkages may be found in all but the simplest databases .The system software package that handles the difficult tasks associated with creating ,accessing, and maintaining database records is called a database management system(DBMS).The programs in a DBMS package establish an interface between the database itself and the users of the database.. (These users may be applications programmers, managers and others with information needs, and various OS programs.) A DBMS can organize, process, and present selected data elements form the database. This capability enables decision makers to search, probe, and query database contents in order to extract answers to nonrecurring and unplanned questions that aren’t available in regular reports. These questions might initially be vague and/or poorly defined ,but people can “browse” through the database until they have the needed information. In short, the DBMS will “manage” the stored data items and assemble the needed items from the common database in response to the queries of those who aren’t programmers.A database management system (DBMS) is composed of three major parts:(1)a storage subsystem that stores and retrieves data in files;(2) a modeling 7and manipulation subsystem that provides the means with which to organize the dataand to add , delete, maintain, and update the data;(3)and an interface between the DBMS and its users. Several major trends are emerging that enhance the value and usefulness of database management systems; Managers: who require more up-to-data information to make effective decision Customers: who demand increasingly sophisticated information services and more current information about the status of their orders, invoices, and accounts. Users: who find that they can develop custom applications with database systems in a fraction of the time it takes to use traditional programming languages. Organizations : that discover information has a strategic value; they utilize their database systems to gain an edge over their competitors. The Database Model A data model describes a way to structure and manipulate the data in a database. The structural part of the model specifies how data should be represented(such as tree, tables, and so on ).The manipulative part of the model specifies the operation with which to add, delete, display, maintain, print, search, select, sort and update the data. Hierarchical Model The first database management systems used a hierarchical model-that is-they arranged records into a tree structure. Some records are root records and all others have unique parent records. The structure of the tree is designed to reflect the order in which the data will be used that is ,the record at the root of a tree will be accessed first, then records one level below the root ,and so on. The hierarchical model was developed because hierarchical relationships are commonly found in business applications. As you have known, an organization char often describes a hierarchical relationship: top management is at the highest level, middle management at lower levels, and operational employees at the lowest levels. Note that within a strict hierarchy, each level of management may have many employees or levels of employees beneath it, but each employee has only one manager. Hierarchical data are characterized by this one-to-many relationship among data. In the hierarchical approach, each relationship must be explicitly defined when the database is created. Each record in a hierarchical database can contain 8only one key field and only one relationship is allowed between any two fields. This can create a problem because data do not always conform to such a strict hierarchy. Relational Model A major breakthrough in database research occurred in 1970 whenE. F. Codd proposed a fundamentally different approach to database management called relational model ,which uses a table as its data structure. The relational database is the most widely used database structure. Data is organized into related tables. Each table is made up of rows called and columns called fields. Each record contains fields of data about some specific item. For example, in a table containing information on employees, a recordwould contain fields of data such as a person’s last name ,first name ,and street address. Structured query language(SQL)is a query language for manipulating data in a relational database .It is nonprocedural or declarative, in which the user need only specify an English-like description that specifies the operation and the described record or combination of records. A query optimizer translates the description into a procedure to perform the database manipulation. Network Model The network model creates relationships among data through a linked-list structure in which subordinate records can be linked to more than one parent record. This approach combines records with links, which are called pointers. The pointers are addresses that indicate the location of a record. With the network approach, a subordinate record can be linked to a key record and at the same time itself be a key record linked to other sets of subordinate records. The network mode historically has had a performance advantage over other database models. Today , such performance characteristics are only important in high-volume ,high-speed transaction processing such as automatic teller machine networks or airline reservation system. Both hierarchical and network databases are application specific. If a new application is developed ,maintaining the consistency of databases in different applications can be very difficult. For example, suppose a new pension application is developed .The data are the same, but a new database must be created. Object Model The newest approach to database management uses an object model , in which records are represented 9by entities called objects that can both store data and provide methods or procedures to perform specific tasks. The query language used for the object model is the same object-oriented programming language used to develop the database application .This can create problems because there is no simple , uniform query language such asSQL . The object model is relatively new, and only a few examples of object-oriented database exist. It has attracted attention because developers who choose an object-oriented programming language want a database based on an object-oriented model. Distributed Database Similarly , a distributed database is one in which different parts of the database reside on physically separated computers . One goal of distributed databases is the access of information without regard to where the data might be stored. Keeping in mind that once the users and their data are separated , the communication and networking concepts come into play . Distributed databases require software that resides partially in the larger computer. This software bridges the gap between personal and large computers and resolves the problems of incompatible data formats. Ideally, it would make the mainframe databases appear to be large libraries of information, with most of the processing accomplished on the personal computer. A drawback to some distributed systems is that they are often based on what is called a mainframe-entire model , in which the larger host computer is seen as the master and the terminal or personal computer is seen as a slave. There are some advantages to this approach . With databases under centralized control , many of the problems of data integrity that we mentioned earlier are solved . But today’s personal computers, departmental computers, and distributed processing require computers and their applications to communicate with each other on a more equal or peer-to-peer basis. In a database, the client/server model provides the framework for distributing databases. One way to take advantage of many connected computers running database applications is to distribute the application into cooperating parts that are independent of one anther. A client is an end user or computer program that requests resources across a network. A server is a computer running 10software that fulfills those requests across a network . When the resources are data in a database ,the client/server model provides the framework for distributing database.A file serve is software that provides access to files across a network. A dedicated file server is a single computer dedicated to being a file server. This is useful ,for example ,if the files are large and require fast access .In such cases, a minicomputer or mainframe would be used as a file server. A distributed file server spreads the filesaround on individual computers instead of placing them on one dedicated computer. Advantages of the latter server include the ability to store and retrieve files on other computers and the elimination of duplicate files on each computer. A major disadvantage , however, is that individual read/write requests are being moved across the network and problems can arise when updating files. Suppose a user requests a record from a file and changes it while another user requests the same record and changes it too. The solution to this problems called record locking, which means that the first request makes others requests wait until the first request is satisfied . Other users may be able to read the record, but they will not be able to change it . A database server is software that services requests to a database across a network. For example, suppose a user types in a query for data on his or her personal computer . If the application is designed with the client/server model in mind ,the query language part on the personal computer simple sends the query across the network to the database server and requests to be notified when the data are found. Examples of distributed database systems can be found in the engineering world. Sun’s Network Filing System(NFS),for example, is used in computer-aided engineering applications to distribute data among the hard disks in a network of Sun workstation. Distributing databases is an evolutionary step because it is logical that data should exist at the location where they are being used . Departmental computers within a large corporation ,for example, should have data reside locally , yet those data should be accessible by authorized corporate management when they want to consolidate departmental data . DBMS software will protect the security and integrity 11of the database , and the distributed database will appear to its users as no different from the non-distributed database . In this information age, the data server has become the heart of a company. This one piece of software controls the rhythm of most organizations and is used to pump information lifeblood through the arteries of the network. Because of the critical nature of this application, the data server is also the one of the most popular targets for hackers. If a hacker owns this application, he can cause the company’s "heart" to suffer a fatal arrest. Ironically,although most users are now aware of hackers, they still do not realize how susceptible their database servers are to hack attacks. Thus, this article presents a description of the primary methods of attacking database servers (also known as SQL servers) and shows you how to protect yourself from these attacks. You should note this information is not new. Many technical white papers go into great detail about how to perform SQL attacks, and numerous vulnerabilities have been posted to security lists that describe exactly how certain database applications can be exploited. This article was written for the curious non-SQL experts who do not care to know the details, and as a review to those who do use SQL regularly. What Is a SQL Server?A database application is a program that provides clients with access to data. There are many variations of this type of application, ranging from the expensive enterprise-level Microsoft SQL Server to the free and open source mySQL. Regardless of the flavor, most database server applications have several things in common. First, database applications use the same general programming language known as SQL, or Structured Query Language. This language, also known as a fourth-level language due to its simplistic syntax, is at the core of how a client communicates its requests to the server. Using SQL in its simplest form, a programmer can select, add, update, and delete information in a database. However, SQL can also be used to create and design entire databases, perform various functions on the returned information, and even execute other programs. To illustrate how SQL can be used, the following is an example of a simple standard SQL query anda more powerful SQL query: 12 Simple: "Select * fromdbFurniture.tblChair" This returns all information in the table tblChair from the database dbFurniture.Complex: "EXEC master..xp_cmdshell ‘dir c:\’" This short SQL command returns to the client the list of files and folders under the c:\ directory of the SQL server. Note that this example uses an extended stored procedure that is exclusive to MS SQL Server. The second function that database server applications share is that they all require some form of authenticated connection between client and host. Although the SQL language is fairly easy to use, at least in its basic form,any client that wants to perform queries must first provide some form of credentials that will authorize the client; the client also must define the format of the request and response. This connection is defined by several attributes, depending on the relative location of the client and what operating systems are in use. We could spend a whole article discussing various technologies such as DSN connections, DSN-less connections, RDO, ADO, and more, but these subjects are outside the scope of this article. If you want t o learn more about them, a little Google’ing will provide you with more than enough information. However, the following is a list of the more common items included in a connection request. Database source Request type Database User ID Password Before any connection can be made, the client must define what type of database server it is connecting to. This is handled by a software component that provides the client with the instructions needed to create the request in the correct format. In addition to the type of database, the request type can be used to further define how the client’s request will be handled by the server. Next comes the database name and finally the authentication information. All the connection information is important, but by far the weakest link is the authentication information—or lack thereof. In a properly managed server, each database has its own users with specifically designated permissions that control what type of activity they can perform. For example, a user account would be set up as read only for applications that need to only access information. Another account should be used for inserts or updates, and maybe even a third 13account would be used for deletes. This type of account control ensures that any compromised account is limited in functionality. Unfortunately, many database programs are set up with null or easy passwords, which leads to successful hack attacks。
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Infrared transceiver products with low cost, small, fast transmission rate, the point-to-point transmission security, not subject to electromagnetic interference and other characteristics that can be achieved between the different products, rapid, convenient and safe exchange and transmission, In short distance wireless transmissionthe portable prent, the world's 150 million piece of equipment used infrared technology in electronic products and industrial equipment. medical equipment and other fields widely used. For example, 95% of the notebook computers on the installation of infrared transceiver interface the majority of the cell phone is also the allocation of infrared transceiver interface. With the exchange of quantitative data, infrared data communications will enable cell phone data transmission more convenient. With infrared data transmission technology matures, perfect, low costs, Infrared Transceiver in short distance communications will be more widely applied.
Keywords:Infraredray；Code；Decoding；LM386；Redoutside transceiver
1 Introduction
1.1 research the background and significance
Infrared Data Communication Technology is the world wide use of a wireless connection technology, by the many the wireless data transceiver technology.
本科毕业设计（论文）
中英文对照翻译
院（系部）电气工程与自动化
专业名称电子信息工程
年级班级04级7班
学生姓名
指导老师
Infrared Remote Control System
Abstract
Red outside data correspondence the technique be currently within the scope of world drive extensive usage of a kind of wireless conjunction technique,drive numerous , the baud rate be quick, point to point SSL, be free from electromagnetism thousand Raos etc.characteristics, can realization information at dissimilarity of the product fast, convenience, safely exchange and transmission, at short distance wireless deliver aspect to own very obvious of advantage.Along with red outside the data deliver a technique more and more mature, the cost descend, red outside the transceiver necessarily will get at the short distance communication realm more extensive of application.