《英语翻译基础》教学辅导5

《英语翻译基础》课程辅导（5）

翻译中词的选择、褒贬和引申

一、教学目标

1. Acquaint the students with a general idea about how to transfer the wording meaning properly.

二、教学重难点

重点

1. Choice of word meaning.

2. Commendatory sense and derogatory sense

3. Amplification of word meaning

难点

1. Commendatory sense and derogatory sense

2. Amplification of word meaning

三、教与学的方法

Lecture and Practice

四、教学具体内容

I. Representation

ment on the homework

III.Choice of Wording Meanings（词义的选择）

A.Context:

The meaning and/or the word class of a polyseme can only be decided in certain context. For example:

1.cover:

a.They laid him on a stretcher and covered him with a blanket.

b.The bandages were covered in blood.

c.We covered 400km in three hours.

d.Do these parking restrictions cover residents as well as visitors?

e.The new office will cover the whole of Scotland.

f.She’s covering the American election for BBC television.

g.I’m going to the doctor’s tomorrow so do you think you could cover

my shift for me?

h.Will £50 cover your expense?

i.Does your travel insurance cover you against the loss or theft of cash?

j.I think more singers have covered“Yesterday” than any other song.

k.We’ve got all the exits covered, so they’ve got no chance of escape. Reference Version:

a.他们把他放上担架，给他盖上

．．毯子。

b.绷带上浸透

．．了血。

c.三个小时我们赶．了400公里路．。

d.这些停车限制对本地住户和外来人员同样适用

．．吗？

e.新的办事处业务遍

．．．及．全苏格兰。

f.她在为英国广播公司的电视台报道

．．美国大选。

g.明天我要去看医生，你能替我代班

．．吗？

h.50英镑够．你花了吗？

i.你的旅行保险金能补偿

．．你的现金丢失或失窃吗？

j.我想和其他他歌相比，“Yesterday”被更多的歌手翻唱

．．过。

k.我们封锁

．．了所有的出口，使他们插翅难逃。

2.back:

a.She put the saddle on the horse’s back.

b.She backed the car out of the narrow road.

c.Will you back me against the others?

d.The organization is backed by the U.N.

e.Our cat has broken one of her back legs.

f.When you have done with these magazines, remember to put them

back.

Reference Version:

a.她把马鞍放在马背．上。

b.她把车子倒．出窄路。

c.你会支持

．．我反对其他人吗？

d.该组织由联合国资助

．．。

e.我们的猫断了一条后．腿。

f.你读完杂志后记得放回原处

．．．。

B.Collocation:

Sometimes different Chinese Words should be employed to transfer the same English word in order to form proper collocation.

e.g. exercise:

exercise options（行使

．．选择权）；exercise monopoly（实施

．．垄断）；

exercise judgment（作出

．．民主）；

．．判断）；exercise democracy（实行

exercise responsibility（履行

．．影响）

．．责任）；exercise influence（施加

C.Word Form:

In many cases, different word forms (such as tense, plural form, etc.) lead to great difference in word meaning. For example:

1) The roofs of this pagoda are constructed of colored glazed tiles of yellows

and greens.

这座宝塔的塔顶是用深浅不同的黄色和绿色

．．．．．．．．．．的琉璃瓦盖成的。

2) She rejected his advances during the trip to Cannes.

在去戛纳的旅程中她拒绝了他的求爱

．．。

mendatory Sense or Derogatory Sense（词义的褒贬）

A.The word itself has commendatory sense or derogatory sense.

For instance:

1.He was a man of high renown. 他是位有名望

．．的人。

2.His notoriety as a rake did not come until his death.

他作为流氓/放荡的恶名

．．是他死后才传开来的。

3.The tasks carried out by them are praiseworthy.

他们进行的事业是值得赞扬

．．．．的。

4.Henry keeps boasting that he has talked to the President.

亨利总是吹嘘

．．说他曾同总统谈过话。