江苏省丹阳高级中学自主招生英语辅导材料6 Word版含答案
【KS5U名校推荐】江苏省丹阳高级中学2016年自主招生英语辅导材料15 Word版含答案
英语自主招生辅导材料（十五）一、词汇拓展1. Despite a number of setbacks, they persevered in their attempts to fly around the world in a balloon.Perseverance is a necessary quality of a person who wants to make great achievements.2. The report released recently looks at the education system from the perspective of deaf people. Talking to others can often help to put your own problems into perspective.3. The moment we dropped anchor, a picturesque fishing village came into our sight.He gave us a picturesque account of his trip to New York as if he had been there many times. 4. He pleaded with the jury to be allowed to see his mother one more time.She stayed home from work, pleading illness. He pleaded not guilty to the charge of murder.Managers pleaded that there was not enough time to make the changes.5. Eisenhower fulfilled his election pledge to end the war in Korea.6. More and more frequent poaching of elephants poses a danger to the existence of them. Several of our outstanding employees have been poached by a rival firm.7. He traveled the southern states, preaching to the people occasionally.The prime minister is always preaching the merits of a free market, which is doomed to failure.8. I am still baffled. Can you give a more precise definition of the word?We were just talking about her when, at that precise moment, she walked in.9. If this medicine doesn’t work, I may have to prescribe something stronger for your headache.Police regulations prescribe that an officer's number must be clearly visible.10. It is peculiar that those beliefs still prevail among certain social groups.Fortunately, common sense prevailed. Otherwise, I would have done something illegal.11. Fish at the surface of the water are/fall easy prey for eagles.Since the failure, she has fallen prey to irrational fears and depression.12. After several burglaries in the area, security is now a high/top/main priority.When an accident happens, children and women will have priority over the others invlolved.13. Don’t get annoyed. I don't want to probe too deeply into your personal affairs.The doctor probed the wound for signs of infection. a Mars probe a corruption probe 14. While one candidate dropped out, the government was determined to proceed with the election.Passengers for Rome should proceed to Gate 32 for boarding.15. I only saw her face in profile. In order not to be the focus, he always keeps a low profile.We first build up a detailed profile of our customers and their requirements.The profile of the western hills against the blue sky is sharper than usual.16. The hotel is not responsible for any loss or damage to guests' personal property.17. Although the majority of offenders are men, a small proportion - about 5 percent - are women.The rewards you get in this job are in direct proportion to the effort you put in.18. The company was prosecuted for breaching the Health and Safety Act.The president declared that they had overwhelming public support to prosecute the war.19. There's every/a real prospect that England will not qualify for the World Cup.Her parents strongly oppose her marrying a man with no house and no prospects.20. The mutual cooperation between China and the USA can contribute to the prosperity of the world.二、完形填空:Avraham Kadar, a physician, faced the challenge of explaining complex medical concepts to children be was treating for many years. __21_ , he found a solution in 1999, and teachers have been gaining the benefits ever since.Kadar created BrainPOP, a(n)__22__program consisting of humorous animated(动画的) videos in which a man named Tim and his robot friend Moby__23__ various subjects. The videos fall into seven types: engineering and technology, science, social studies, English, math, health, and arts and music. From historical figures to recent inventions, they cover over 500 topics, __24__interste in the subjects though __25__and illustrations. BrainPOP’s materials also include quizzes, activities, answers to questions and extra information about each topic.BrainPOP can be used in the classroom or at home through the Internet. It is now _26__ everywhere through its apps (应用程序) for mobile devices. BrainPOP also supplies resources to different__27__ : BrainPOP Jr, for younger students, BrainPOP Espanol for Spanish speakers and BrainPOP ESL for those learning English. Almost 20 percent of American schools have __28_ BrainPOP, and its popularity is growing worldwide. Its website, apps and produces have won multiple awards from magazines, websites and other organizations.The reason for BrainPOP’s__29__ among teachers is similar: It works. A 2009 study conducted by SEG Research compared students who used BrainPOP to those who didn’t. The BrainPOP users experienced more __30__in vocabulary, reading comprehension, language skills and science than the other syudents.And the benefits of BrainPOP are not limited to__31__ speakers of English. One award-winning Canadian school with students from many language backgrounds makes BrainPOP available to all its teachers. They find it__32__ because it mixes pictures with its presentations instead of relying only on language._33_ , a school in the U.S. for students with learning disabilities has found BrainPOP very effective at keeping students engaged and encouraging them to participate. Teachers said taht BrainPOP’s quick pace and humor help students __34__ interruptions and continue to focus. The kids love the teacher Moby, a robot that cannot speak but communicates with facial expressions and beeps(发出嘟声). For mor e than 10 years, BrainPOP’s fun, lear and educational materials have helped students learn---and __35_ it.21. A. At one time B. By no means C. In the end D.On the whole22. A. domestic B. educational C. historic D.medical23. A. bring up B. contribute to C. figure out D.talk about24. A. cultivating B. appreciating C. expressingD. following25. A. changes B. concepts C. humorD. science26. A. useful B. creative C. informativeD. accessible27. A. groups B. stores C. devicesD. schools28. A. studied B. adopted C. inventedD. produced29. A. appearance B. existence C. limitationD. popularity30. A. difficulties B. improvement C. practiceD. challenges31. A. popular B. foreign C. nativeD. brilliant32. A. helpful B. complex C. informalD. funny33. A. Absolutely B. Namely C. Originally D.Similarly34. A. notice B. recognize C. ignoreD. picture35. A. imitate B. enjoy C. exploreD. illustrate三、阅读理解:I was on a 14-day voyage across the Pacific. I shared the same room with Mr. Kelada.I disliked Mr. Kelada. He was chatty. He talked of New York and San Francisco, plays, pictures, and politics. In three days he knew everyone on board. He was certainly the best hated man in the ship. He enjoyed argument. He knew everything better than others, and the possibility of his being mistaken never occurred to him.A man called Ramsay bitterly hated him.Ramsay was an American Embassy serviceman in Japan. He was on his way back to his post, after a visit to New York to fetch his wife who had been spending a year at home. His wife was pretty. Her husband was badly-paid, and she was dressed simply; but she knew how to wear her clothes. She achieved an effect of quiet beauty.One evening, Mr. Kelada talked all his way. The conversation moved to pearls (珍珠).Mr. Kelada told us all about pearls. I believe Ramsay knew nothing about them, but he couldn’t resist the opportunity to fight back at Mr. Kelada, and soon they were in a heated argument. Mr. Kelada hit the table:“I know what I am talking about. I’m going to Japan just to look into pearl business. I know all the best pearls in the world. I can tell pearls with half an eye.”He pointed to a chain that Mrs. Ramsay wore. “You take my word for it, Mrs. Ramsay, that chain you’re wearing will never be worth a cent less than it is now.”Mrs. Ramsay hid the chain inside her dress. Ramsay said with a smile: “That’s a pretty chain of Mrs. Ramsay’s, isn’t it4?”“I noticed it at once,” answered Mr. Kelada. “Those are really good pearls.”“I didn’t buy it myself, of course. How much do you think it cost?”“About 15,000 dollars. But on Fifth Avenue, it shouldn’t be surprised to hear that 30,000 was paid for it.”Ramsay smiled: “You’ll be surprised to hear that Mrs. Ramsay bought it for 18 dollars.”Mr. Kelada rush ed: “It’s not only real, but also the finest.”“Will you bet on it? I，l bet you a hundred dollars it’s imitation.”“Done.”“Oh，don’t bet, it’s just imitation.” said Mrs. Ramsay and her tone was unhappy.“Let me look at the chain, and I can afford to lose 100 dollars，” said Mr. Kelada.“Take it off, dear. Let the gentleman look at it.”Mrs. Ramsay hesitated. “I can’t undo it，，’ she said. “Mr. Kelada can just believe me.”I had a sudden feeling that something unfortunate was about to occur.Ramsay jumped up: “I’ll undo it.”He handed the chain to Mr. Kelada, who took a magnifier and closely examined it. A smile spread over his face. He was about to speak. Suddenly he caught sight of Mrs. Ramsay’s face. It was white. She looked as if she were about to faint. She was staring at him with wide and terrified eyes. They held a desperate appeal; it was so clear that I wondered why her husband did not see it.Mr. Kelada stopped with his mouth open.“I was mistaken，’’ he said. “It，s a very good imitation, but as soon as I looked through my glass I saw that it wasn’t real. I think 18 dollars is the right price.”He took out a hundred-dollar bill. He handed it to Ramsay without a word.“Perhaps that’ll teach you a lesson，” said Ramsay as he took the money.The story spread over the ship. Mr. Kelada was laughed at badly. But Mrs. Ramsay went to her room with a headache.Next morning I got up and began to shave. Suddenly there was some sound and I saw a letter pushed under the door. I picked it up and saw it was to Mr. Kelada. I handed it to him.He took from the envelope a hundred-dollar bill.I looked at him smiling: “Were the pearls real?”“Yes. If I had a pretty wife I shouldn’t let her spend a year in New York while I stayed in Japan,” said he. At that moment I didn’t d islike Mr. Kelada.36.The reason why Mr. Kelada was disliked by many people was that he______.A. cared for no one elseB. felt so good with himselfC. pretended to be learnedD. cheated people with lies37.According to the passage, Mr. Ramsay______.A. had earned a good wealthB. dressed his wife in a proper wayC. had special interest in pearlsD. intended to teach Kelada a lesson38.“That chain you’re wearing will never be worth a cent less than it is now” means______.A. the value of the chain is sure to go upB. the value of the chain is going downC. the chain is worth no more than a centD. the chain is just worth nothing at all39.Mrs. Ramsay was unwilling to show her pearls because she knew______.A. they were worthless imitationB. they would be made fun ofC. they were really too expensiveD. they would soon lose the value40.It was very______ of Mr. Kelada not to tell the truth.A. carelessB. impoliteC. cruelD. thoughtful41. We can infer from the passage that Mrs. Ramsay’s pearl chain mi ght be bought by______.A. herselfB. her husbandC. her loverD. Mr. Kelada四、翻译：随着社会的发展，人类对水的需求不断增加，但可供人类使用的水资源却急剧减少。
江苏省丹阳高级中学2016年自主招生英语辅导材料13 ---精校Word版含答案
英语自主招生辅导材料（十三）一、词汇拓展1. Both companies are involved in the joint development of a new medium-sized car.a joint efforta permanently damaged knee joint Something is out of joint in our society.2. About 11 judges made up the jury of the case.The jury is still out on the overall impact of the programme on the budget.3. Ministers must appear before parliament regularly and justify their actions.While you are in the danger of being attacked, nothing justifies murdering another human being.4. The police appealed to witnesses to come forward after a woman was kidnapped.5. Shaw got a heavy sentence for the theft and languished in jail for fifteen years. Local manufacturing industry began to languish gradually for lack of government support.6. The government has promised to legislate against racial and sexual discrimination. The government has promised to bring in/introduce new legislation to combat cyber crimes.7. The hotel offers various leisure facilities such as a swimming pool and sauna. The leisure industryTake the leaflets home and read them at your leisure.8. The car is liable to overheat on long trips.You're more liable to injury when doing sports if you don't get regular exercise. Whoever is found trespassing is liable to a maximum fine of $100.9. literal meaning/sense/interpretation literal translation literal-mindedI said I felt like quitting, but I didn't mean it literally.You shouldn’t just take the passage literally. You are expected to read between lines.10. People who drop litter can be fined in some cities. a litter of kittensLittering everywhere casually is bad manners.Recent business news has been littered with stories of companies failing.11. lodge a complaint/protest/appeal The refugees were lodged in a deserted garage.John lodged with a family in Los Angles when he first started work.12. He made a large fortune and could lead a life of luxury for the rest of his life.A comfortable bed to sleep in is a luxury that we take for granted.13. The photo shows bacteria magnified to 1000 times their actual size.The dry summer has magnified the problem of water shortages.14. As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion.15. You will be asked to perform some standard manoeuvres during your driving test.diplomatic manoeuvres on manoeuvres They didn’t left us much room for manoeuvre.16. The college has established an effective student support mechanism. ESM17. He mediates for half an hour every morning. He lay in bed, meditating on what had happened.Silently they meditated revenge. Try to set aside half an hour for meditation.18. They weighed up the relative merits of the four candidates.19. Thousands were forced to migrate from rural to urban areas in search of work.The country has a large seasonal migrant population, who work on the coffee and cotton plantations for part of the year.20. It's a miracle that nobody was killed in the crash. work/perform miracles amiracle drug/cure二、完形填空:1: The term “quality of life” is difficult to define. It 21 a very wide scope, such as living environment, health, employment, food, family life, friends, education, material possessions, leisure, 22 and so son. Generally speaking, the quality of life, especially as seen as by the individuals, is meaningful in 23 of the degree to which these various areas of life are available or provide satisfaction to the individuals.As activity carried out as one thinks fit during one’s spare time, leisure has the following 24 : relaxation, recreation and entertainment, and personaldevelopment. The importance of these varies according to the nature of one’s job and one’s life style. Thus, people who need to exert much energy in their work will find relaxation most 25 in leisure. Those with better education and in professional occupations may 26 more to seek recreation and personal development (e.g., 27 of skills and hobbies) in leisure.The specific use of leisure varies from individual to individual. Even the same leisure activity may be used differently by different individuals. Thus, the following are possible uses of television watching, a popular leisure activity: a change of experience to provide “28 ” from the stress and strain of work; to learn more about what is happening in one’s environment; to provide an opportunity for understanding oneself by comparing other people’s life experiences as portrayed in the programs.29 leisure is basically self-determined, one is able to take to one’s interests and preferences and get 30 in an activity in ways that will bring enjoyment and satisfaction.21. A. consists B. constitutes C. covers D. composes22. A. reservation B. recognition C. excursion D. recreation23. A. terms B. direction C. place D. means24. A. operations B. definition C. functions D. identification25. A. preferable B. desirable C. rational D. feasible26. A. tend B. choose C. oblige D. prefer27. A. nutrition B. training C. promotion D. cultivation28. A. separation B. escape C. isolation D. flight29. A. Therefore B. Since C. Although D. Whether30. A. involved B. employed C. participated D. attended2.There is no doubt that people and even highly educated adults vary greatly in the speed and efficiency of their reading. Some proceed very slowly throughout; othersdash along too quickly and then have to go back. Poor readers in particular may lack the ___31___ to vary their pace in reading. A great reader can move at great speed through the text of a novel or ___32___ light reading materials. He may be able to skim a page, ___33___ a word or two here and there, and gain a ___34___ idea what the text is about without really reading it. In reading more difficult materials, with the intension of taking in the whole of it, he proceeds more slowly, but even then he will vary his pace, ___35___ on the key words and passages and pass more quickly over the remainder. A less efficient reader, however, tends to ___36___ the same speed whatever materials he reads. ___37___, even light reading materials require special concentration at difficult points.A type of reading which requires careful attention to ___38___ is proofreading (校对), in which the reader, in order to detect misprints in a sample print, has to notice not so much the meaning of what he reads. This is extremely difficult for most people, since they are accustomed to overlooking such details. In fact, extreme practice is required to __39___ this task efficiently and it can be done only by reading very slowly, and by paying comparatively little attention to the general meaning on the text.三、阅读理解:Hilary Smith belonged to a good family．But by the age of twenty, he had spent all the money the good old family had．He then had some trouble with the bank and was put in prison．He escaped from the prison and ran to Australia without delay.Hilary did not like Australia did Australia did not like Hilary．What．he could do seemed to be one of two things: die or work．Then he remembered that he was not alone in the world．He had an aunt．She was his father's only sister, but his father used to say she brought no glory to the family．Hilary, of course, tried to discover what she had done．It seemed that she had failed to marry a nobleman．Instead, she had chosen a husband who was connected with "trade"．Of course as soon as she became "Mrs Parks" ,her brother considered her dead．Later on, Mr Parks died and left her a lot of money; but that didnot bring her back to life in her brother's opinion．Hilary discovered his aunt's address．Fortunately she remained faithful and honest to him even after she fell ill．So Hilary's star shone again, and soon he moved into her house and lived as comfortably as a sailor who had just reached harbour．He had only about a sixpence in his pocket．One thing was soon clear: his aunt was seriously ill, and nothing could cure her illness．Hilary was very worried．Fate had found a home for him, and was now going to throw him out of it．There was only one thing that could save him: her will．"Will?" she said, "yes, I have made one．That was when I was a girl and had not much money．I left all my money to some religious people．""Didn't you make another will when you were married?" Hilary asked．His aunt shook her head．"No," she said in a low voice, "There was no need．When I finally had a lot of money I found 1 had no relations．"On the next day he went to the public library and examined a book of law．It told him what he already believed．When a woman is married, an earlier will loses its value．A new will must be made．If no new will is made, the money goes to the nearest illation．Hilary knew that he was his aunt's only relation．His future was safe．After a few months had passed, Hilary's problems became serious．He badly needed money．He had expensive tastes, and owed a lot of money to shopkeepers．They trusted him because his aunt was rich; but the debt was terrible．Unfortunately his aunt did not want to discuss money matters at all．In the end they had a quarrel about the small amount of ten pounds．Hilary was not very angry．He began to wonder about a new problem．Was it kind to want his aunt to live．any longer? Was it not better for her to die now? While he was considering what to do, his aunt told him that she was going to send for her lawyer．So she was going to make a new will, Hilary thought．She might leave all her money to someone else．Soon he reached a clear decision．He must do a great kindness to the poor old woman.One night when the old servant who had been nursing his aunt went: off, hedoubled the amount of some medicine．The total amount was too great and it could just put her to sleep forever．"Thank you," his aunt took the glass from his hand with a grateful look．"I want, more than anything, to sleep, and never to wake up again．Is that what you wish, Hilary? Don't blame me if I have some doubts about what you intended to do．Sick people get these ideas, you know．One thing I ought to explain to you．Mr Parks never married me．He already had a wife and couldn't marry again．That made your foolish father very angry with me．．．Well, if I am alive tomorrow I shall make another will in your favour．If I die tonight':, you'll get nothing．．．No, Hilary, don't try to take the glass away．If you do that, I shall know; and I don't want to know．Goodnight, Hilary．"Then, very carefully, she raised the glass to her mouth and drank．40．From the story ,we learn that Hilary's aunt was ______．A．bad-tempered and lonely B．kind-hearted and wiseC．careless about money D．cruel to her niece41．Why did Hilary's father consider his aunt dead?A．Because they lost contact with each other after her marriage．B．Because she married a businessman with a wife against his will．C．Because she broke away from the family for a better life．D．Because he thought she was a shame to the family42．The underlined sentence "He must do a great kindness to the poor old woman" in paragraph 11 suggests that Hilary Smith ______．A．was determined to put his aunt's life to an endB．decided to do his aunt a favor to call in a lawyerC．made up his mind to take good care of his auntD．would help his aunt to donate all her money to religious people43．Which of the following is the focus of the story?A．Hilary's aunt's money．B．Hilary Smith's debts．C．The intended murder．D．Hilary's aunt's marriage．44．According to the law book,_____．A．Hilary's aunt is not allowed to make a new will．B．the money will go to Hilary after his aunt dies without a new will．C．Hilary's aunt must leave the money to the religious people after she dies．D．Hilary must look after his aunt till her death because he is the only relation．45．Which detail from the story is the climax（高潮）of the story?A．Hilary escaped from the prison．B．Hilary quarelled with is aunt about ten pounds．C．Hilary's aunt drank the medicine her nephew prepared for her．D．Hilary's aunt made a will to leave all her money to someone else．四、翻译1. 能源危机对全球经济有消极作用, 导致经济衰退。
江苏省丹阳高级中学2024届高三下学期2月月考英语试卷(含答案)
江苏省丹阳高级中学2024届高三下学期2月月考英语试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、阅读理解The Self-Portrait ChallengeHave you ever done a self-portrait in an art lesson at school Today, we’re challenging you to write self-portrait poems. It’s not uncommon to feel like the way people see you on the outside doesn’t quite match up with how you feel on the inside. So creating a self-portrait can be a good opportunity to address those differences and present the realest, truest version of yourself. Your challenge is to create a self-portrait in lines, using words instead of paint. Read on for some more inspiration.Writing Tips● Have a go at writing a list of metaphors exploring your physical appearance, starting from your head and working your way down towards your feet.● Instead of representing yourself directly, take on another character, such as a fictional character, a historical figure, or even a different version of yourself.● Play around with personification, by taking on the voice of a physical object in your poem. Think about what a self-portrait from the point of view of a mirror, or a bowl of your favourite foodwould look likeHow to enterThis challenge is for writers aged up to 25 based anywhere in the world. The deadline is 23:59 GMT, 17 March 2024. You can send a poem, or poems, written down, or as video or audio files. We are using Submittable to accept submissions to this challenge. You will need to make a free Submittable account to submit in this way. Using Submittable helps our team to administrate and process entries more quickly. Selected poets will be published on Young Poets Network.1．What does the Self-portrait Challenge encourage participants to doA. Explore true selves.B. Convey positive emotions.C. Illustrate personal profiles.D. Compare different personalities. 2．What is suggested to better handle the challengeA. Using simple language.B. Presenting yourself directly.C. Taking a different point of view.D. Focusing on physical appearance.3．What is “Submittable” likely to beA. A writing tool.B. A search engine.C. An email account.D. An online platform.In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, thereis no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet, despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest; a competition she won last year.As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressures of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesn’t win the con test again That’s the strange thing abou t being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.An enlightenment came last week when I asked her, “Don’t you want to win again ” “No,” she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously told them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had turned her contest into mine without even realizing it.Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting (借用) my daughter’s experience.While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices.4．What do we learn from the first paragraphA. Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.B. Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.C. Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.D. A lot of distractions compe te for children’s time nowadays. 5．What does the author say about her own writing experienceA. She does not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.B. Her way to success is full of pains and frustrations.C. She is constantly under pressure of writing more.D. Most of her stories are rejected by publishers.6．Why does Rebecca want to enter this year’s writing contestA. She wants to share her story with readers.B. She believes she possesses real talent for writing.C. She is sure of winning with her mother’s help.D. She has won a prize in the previous contest.7．What’s the author’s advice for parentsA. A writing career is not for every child to pursue.B. Children should be allowed room to grow through experiences.C. Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in.D. Children should be given every chance to voice their options. Andrea Lankford quit her job after spending 12 years as a National Park Service forester specializing in search and rescue missions in scenic and remote American landscapes. However, decades later, three young hikers went missing on the Pacific Crest Trail (PCT). She found herself unable to turn away from the three separate cases despite challenges in the inquiry into them.Trail of the Lost was her answer.It’s an absorbing nonfiction narrative (叙事) about the three hikers, including their lives and those of the people looking for them. It also explores the history of the PCT and the rich subculture, practices and even literature that surround it and those who undertake the 2,650-mile journey.The book is a rich multilayered narrative that works on three different levels. The first is the story of each of the three hikers. Lankford offers a biography (传记) of each of the missing men andshows them through the eyes of those who knew them well and those who joined the search.Right underneath the narratives about the three hikers are the stories of everyone looking for them. Lankford played a role in each search but she allowed friends, family and even strangers to occupy center stage throughout most of the narrative. The story looks at the role of missing person Facebook groups in the searches and how crucial word of mouth can be. Manywarm-hearted individuals came forth and became instrumental in the searches or provided valuable information. But Lankford also writes of the many who lied for no apparent reason and confused the investigations.The narrative also shines a light on diverse aspects of the PCT. Lankford, who has hiked the entire Appalachian Trail and was the first person to mountain bike the 800-mile Arizona Trail, knows just how the PCT is physically and mentally demanding. Besides, the book explores threats from mountain lions to people with bad intentions who don’t observe the PCT’s unspoken moral ru les, serving as a revelation of the well-known, hidden or ignored dangers of the PCT.Written with a clear, fast-paced, straightforward style, Trail of the Lost is as full of hope and humanity as it is packed with pain,sorrow, danger and tension. Read it and you’ll find more than you seek.8．What led Lankford to write Trail of the LostA. Her love for her prior career.B. Her strong attachment to the PCT.C. The stress from the missing families.D. Her investigation into hikers’ disappearance.9．What is presented on the second level of the bookA. Efforts by different people in searches.B. A string of wilderness survival tips.C. Approaches to information classification.D. Respective stories of the three hikers.10．What’s the purpose of mentioning Lankford’s previous adventuresA. To promote her book.B. To make her a celebrity.C. To motivate hikers to challenge themselves.D. To stress the difficulty of hiking the PCT.11．What can we say about the bookA. It targets single youth.B. It’s a romantic novel.C. It’s based on actual events.D. It’s a detailed account of a journey. The idea that we need to eat meat to get enough protein and ironis a common misconception. It ignores the abundance of protein and iron in many plant-based foods. Likewise, while we typically associate omega-3 fatty acids with fish, fish themselves absorb these into their tissue by eating seaweed, which we can consume directly without the concerns of exposure to microplastics in fish flesh.Indeed, a whole-food, plant-based diet can provide all essential nutrients except for vitamin B12. While modern sanitation (卫生) allows humans to consume clean produce unpolluted by dirt, we can easily and cheaply obtain oral B12 supplements (补充). Obviously, significantly reducing our consumption of meat would carry vast benefits. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death around the world. Eating highly processed foods and red meat has been repeatedly demonstrated to promote underlying mechanisms of cancer and cardiovascular disease, such as inflammation(炎症)and damage to the lining of blood vessels (血管).Mounting evidence points to the benefits of a whole-food,plant-based diet. Studies from 2017found that a vegetarian diet is associated with a 25 percent relative risk reduction for coronary heart disease and an 8 percent relative risk reduction for cancer, with a vegan diet related to a 15 percent relative risk reduction forcancer.Besides harming ourselves, eating meat harms others. Factory farming practices often entail unspeakable cruelty to animals, and working conditions for workers are also unsafe. Overcrowding of livestock and workers promotes the spread of disease among both people and animals, putting us all at risk for future pandemics. The overuse of antibiotics (抗生素) to accelerate animal growth and precautiously treat the infections anticipated as a result of living in unclean and overcrowded conditions can promote antibiotic resistance.While national and international action is undoubtedly needed to fight immoral factory farming practices, educators and policy makers should consider the importance of acting as role models for healthy behaviors themselves as well as advocating for policies that ensure better nutritional access and education for others. All of these should not be excuses for individuals to resist changes in their own lives and communities. Societies change only when enough individuals within them alter their behavior.12．The author writes the first two paragraphs mainly to ______.A. introduce a false belief in nutrition sourceB. compare the differences between two dietsC. highlight the importance of nutrition intakeD. show the concerns of healthy diet advocates13．Which of the following logic chains is reasonable according to the passageA.B.C.D.14．Wha t does the underlined word “entail” in Paragraph 5 probably meanA. escape.B. involve.C. balance.D. overcome.15．Which of the following would be the best title for the passageA. A Meatless Diet Is Better for YouB. Food Problems Call for Joint EffortsC. Say No to Processed Meat ConsumptionD. Eatable Greens or Not That Is a Question二、七选五16．We humans are comparison creatures. ①________ This quality may have evolved as a means of helping us fit into the social hierarchy (等级) of the cultures we inhabited. Regardless of the reasons, social comparison plays a significant role in how we view and evaluate ourselves, and how we interact with our world.It used to be that our primary reference of comparison was ourlocal communities, primarily neighbors and co-workers. Because we tend to gather around those similar to ourselves in terms of educational level, work income, and shared interests, the range of differences when we compared ourselves to others was fairly small. Unfortunately, with the emergence of the Internet, we can now compare ourselves to literally anyone in the world. ②________ What had in previous generations been a small gap in our comparisons has now become so large and unattainable.③________ When so many people that are easily discoverable on the Internet seem to be so successful. famous, influential and beautiful, given our preference to compare, it is difficult not to have it influence how we view ourselves. Sadly, these comparisons usually result in our feeling inadequate and “less than”.These harmful comparisons also damage our emotional lives. When we feel lacking, we experience a variety of unpleasant and unhealthy emotions. We feel jealousy and envy for what others have and what we lack. ④________It’s one thing to realize that you compare yourself to others. It’s another thing to recognize that social comparison is often corrosive (逐步侵蚀的) to you in so many ways psychologically and emotionally. It’s an entirely other thing to stop yourself from comparing yourself to others. ⑤________A. We are constantly measuring ourselves against other people.B. Yet it is possible, and it is worth the effort for your mental health.C. Thus, we are now exposed to groups that are quite different from us.D. We believe that there is something wrong with us compared to others.E. We can even feel bitterness and anger at others for the unfairness of it all.F. Comparing ourselves to others has the potential to increase our life experience.G. This new level of comparison has huge implications for our psychological lives.三、完形填空（15空）“A new student is waiting in your room.” My principal announced. “Name’s Mary. I’ll talk to you about her.” I nodded, some materials in my hands. “Fine,” I said. “We’re making valentine envelopes, a good way for her to get ____1____.”She sat in the back of the room, her hands ____2____ in her lap. “Welcome, Mary. I’m glad you are in our room.” No ____3____. “Mary.” I said again. She raised her head and looked into my eyes.A chill went through me. The eyes in that face were unexpectedly ____4____ as if the owner of a house had drawn the blinds (百叶窗).The bell rang, little time to worry about Mary. After ____5____ Mary into her desk, I distributed materials and then hurried to the office. There I learned weeks ago, someone had broken into her home, killing her mother in Mary’s ____6____. She survived but had been ____7____ since. “Give her ____8____,” the principal suggested.I returned and grabbed a chance to explain this to my students. “It may be a long time ____9____ she joins us, but you can do your bit.” How loving they could be once they understood. On Valentine’s Day, Mary’s envelopes overflowed. Although studying each card without ____10____, she replaced it in her container.Later on a March day, my children noticed the flowers ____11____ and advised making flower baskets! It was something to lift our____12____. Remembering the valentine incident, I expected nothing from Mary; ____13____, I encouraged her to try. Soon, a boy exclaimed: “Look at Mary’s basket. So pretty!” I w as dumbfounded at its beauty, asking how she managed it. She looked at me with the shining eyes of any ____14____ girl and replied “Mother loved flowers.”“God, you’ve given us a ____15____.” I put my arms around Mary. I’ve kept the followers in my desk ju st to remind me of the lasting power of love.17．A. involved B. promoted C. adopted D. proposed18．A. spread B. folded C. swung D. extended19．A. movement B. response C. complaint D. cooperation 20．A. strange B. full C. sharp D. empty21．A. sliding B. securing C. settling D. seeking22．A. presence B. absence C. existence D. violence23．A. crazy B. withdrawn C. aggressive D. risky24．A. kindness B. mercy C. love D. comfort25．A. after B. when C. until D. before26．A. comments B. reactions C. approaches D. impressions 27．A. came up B. took up C. came out D. took out28．A. grades B. spirits C. insights D. relations29．A. otherwise B. furthermore C. therefore D. nevertheless 30．A. normal B. pretty C. depressed D. lovely31．A. gift B. talent C. miracle D. basket四、短文填空32．The Village Super Football League, or the “Cunchao” in Chinese, in Rongjiang county, Southwest China’s Guizhou Province came to ①________ end on Saturday night. The grass-roots sport tournament lasted for nearly three months, and the locals in the region reaped the benefits of the greatly ②________ (boost) economy.Each weekend ③________ (see) the sports facility in Rongjiangcounty crowded by football fans from all over China. An owner of a snack stall near the football venue could earn about 800 yuan each day during the weekend. ④________ the beginning of the “Cunchao”, the government of Rongjiang county has set aside a special area for night time economy, including free stalls, areas for barbecue, snacks and cold drinks, ⑤________ became another local popular venue following football field.From July 1 to 16, Rongjiang county recorded a total of 921,200 visits, generating an income of 1.08 billion yuan. ⑥________(variety) of local traditional agricultural and textile (纺织品) products also gained huge popularity due to the football tournament, ⑦________ the online and offline sales surpassed 20 million yuan, according to the report. Undoubtedly, football related products are the best⑧________ (sell) souvenirs among local stores.A yellow cow, together with three black haired pigs and three goats, ⑨________ (award) to the winners of the “Cunchao” tournament. All the livestock were ⑩_________ (local) raised. Enterprises sponsored the game with rice, pork and fish, which sparked hot discussion among Chinese netizens.五、书面表达33．假定你是中学生李华，来自美国的Mr. White将担任你校外教。
江苏省丹阳高级中学2016年自主招生英语辅导材料15 ---精校Word版含答案
英语自主招生辅导材料（十五）一、词汇拓展1. Despite a number of setbacks, they persevered in their attempts to fly around the world in a balloon.Perseverance is a necessary quality of a person who wants to make great achievements.2. The report released recently looks at the education system from the perspective of deaf people.Talking to others can often help to put your own problems into perspective.3. The moment we dropped anchor, a picturesque fishing village came into our sight. He gave us a picturesque account of his trip to New York as if he had been there many times.4. He pleaded with the jury to be allowed to see his mother one more time.She stayed home from work, pleading illness. He pleaded not guilty to the charge of murder.Managers pleaded that there was not enough time to make the changes.5. Eisenhower fulfilled his election pledge to end the war in Korea.6. More and more frequent poaching of elephants poses a danger to the existence of them.Several of our outstanding employees have been poached by a rival firm.7. He traveled the southern states, preaching to the people occasionally.The prime minister is always preaching the merits of a free market, which is doomed to failure.8. I am still baffled. Can you give a more precise definition of the word?We were just talking about her when, at that precise moment, she walked in.9. If this medicine doesn’t work, I may have to prescribe something stronger for your headache.Police regulations prescribe that an officer's number must be clearly visible.10. It is peculiar that those beliefs still prevail among certain social groups.Fortunately, common sense prevailed. Otherwise, I would have done something illegal.11. Fish at the surface of the water are/fall easy prey for eagles.Since the failure, she has fallen prey to irrational fears and depression.12. After several burglaries in the area, security is now a high/top/main priority.When an accident happens, children and women will have priority over the others invlolved.13. Don’t get annoyed. I don't want to probe too deeply into your personal affairs.The doctor probed the wound for signs of infection. a Mars probe a corruption probe14. While one candidate dropped out, the government was determined to proceed with the election.Passengers for Rome should proceed to Gate 32 for boarding.15. I only saw her face in profile. In order not to be the focus, he always keeps a low profile.We first build up a detailed profile of our customers and their requirements.The profile of the western hills against the blue sky is sharper than usual.16. The hotel is not responsible for any loss or damage to guests' personal property.17. Although the majority of offenders are men, a small proportion - about 5 percent - are women.The rewards you get in this job are in direct proportion to the effort you put in. 18. The company was prosecuted for breaching the Health and Safety Act.The president declared that they had overwhelming public support to prosecute the war.19. There's every/a real prospect that England will not qualify for the World Cup.Her parents strongly oppose her marrying a man with no house and no prospects.20. The mutual cooperation between China and the USA can contribute to the prosperity of the world.二、完形填空:Avraham Kadar, a physician, faced the challenge of explaining complex medicalconcepts to children be was treating for many years. __21_ , he found a solution in 1999, and teachers have been gaining the benefits ever since.Kadar created BrainPOP, a(n)__22__program consisting of humorous animated (动画的) videos in which a man named Tim and his robot friend Moby__23__ various subjects. The videos fall into seven types: engineering and technology, science, social studies, English, math, health, and arts and music. From historical figures to recent inventions, they cover over 500 topics, __24__interste in the subjects though __25__and illustrations. BrainPOP’s materials also include quizzes, activities, answers to questions and extra information about each topic.BrainPOP can be used in the classroom or at home through the Internet. It is now _26__ everywhere through its apps (应用程序) for mobile devices. BrainPOP also supplies resources to different__27__ : BrainPOP Jr, for younger students, BrainPOP Espanol for Spanish speakers and BrainPOP ESL for those learning English. Almost 20 percent of American schools have __28_ BrainPOP, and its popularity is growing worldwide. Its website, apps and produces have won multiple awards from magazines, websites and other organizations.The reason for BrainPOP’s__29__ among teachers is similar: It works. A 2009 study conducted by SEG Research compared students who used BrainPOP to those who didn’t. The BrainPOP users experienced more __30__in vocabulary, reading comprehension, language skills and science than the other syudents.And the benefits of BrainPOP are not limited to__31__ speakers of English. One award-winning Canadian school with students from many language backgrounds makes BrainPOP available to all its teachers. They find it__32__ because it mixes pictures with its presentations instead of relying only on language._33_ , a school in the U.S. for students with learning disabilities has found BrainPOP very effective at keeping students engaged and encouraging them to participate. Teachers said taht BrainPOP’s quick pace and humor help students __34__ interruptions and continue to focus. The kids love the teacher Moby, a robot that cannot speak but communicates with facial expressions and beeps(发出嘟声). For mor e than 10 years, BrainPOP’s fun, lear and educational materials have helped students learn---and __35_ it.21. A. At one time B. By no means C. In the endD. On the whole22. A. domestic B. educationalC. historicD. medical23. A. bring up B. contribute to C. figure outD. talk about24. A. cultivating B. appreciating C. expressingD. following25. A. changes B. concepts C. humorD. science26. A. useful B. creative C. informativeD. accessible27. A. groups B. stores C. devicesD. schools28. A. studied B. adopted C. inventedD. produced29. A. appearance B. existence C. limitationD. popularity30. A. difficulties B. improvement C. practiceD. challenges31. A. popular B. foreign C. nativeD. brilliant32. A. helpful B. complex C. informalD. funny33. A. Absolutely B. Namely C. OriginallyD. Similarly34. A. notice B. recognize C. ignoreD. picture35. A. imitate B. enjoy C. exploreD. illustrate三、阅读理解:I was on a 14-day voyage across the Pacific. I shared the same room with Mr. Kelada.I disliked Mr. Kelada. He was chatty. He talked of New York and San Francisco, plays, pictures, and politics. In three days he knew everyone on board. He was certainly the best hated man in the ship. He enjoyed argument. He knew everything better than others, and the possibility of his being mistaken never occurred to him.A man called Ramsay bitterly hated him.Ramsay was an American Embassy serviceman in Japan. He was on his way back to his post, after a visit to New York to fetch his wife who had been spending a year at home. His wife was pretty. Her husband was badly-paid, and she was dressed simply; but she knew how to wear her clothes. She achieved an effect of quiet beauty.One evening, Mr. Kelada talked all his way. The conversation moved to pearls (珍珠).Mr. Kelada told us all about pearls. I believe Ramsay knew nothing about them, but he couldn’t resist the opportunity to fight back at Mr. Kelada, and soon they were in a heated argument. Mr. Kelada hit the table:“I know what I am talking about. I’m going to Japan just to look into pearl business. I know all the best pearls in the world. I can tell pearls with half an eye.”He pointed to a chain that Mrs. Ramsay wore. “You take my word for it, Mrs. Ramsay, that chain you’re wearing will never be worth a cent less than it is now.”Mrs. Ramsay hid the chain inside her dress. Ramsay said with a smile: “That’s a pretty chain of Mrs. Ramsay’s, isn’t it4?”“I noticed it at once,” answered Mr. Kelada. “Those are really good pearls.”“I didn’t buy it myself, of course. How much do you think it cost?”“About 15,000 dollars. But on Fifth Avenue, it shouldn’t be surprised to hear that 30,000 was paid for it.”Ramsay smiled: “You’ll be surprised to hear that Mrs. Ramsay bought it for 18 dollars.”Mr. Kelada rush ed: “It’s not only real, but also the finest.”“Will you bet on it? I，l bet you a hundred dollars it’s imitation.”“Done.”“Oh，don’t bet, it’s just imitation.” said Mrs. Ramsay and her tone was unhappy.“Let me look at the chain, and I can afford to lose 100 dollars，” said Mr. Kelada.“Take it off, dear. Let the gentleman look at it.”Mrs. Ramsay hesitated. “I can’t undo it，，’ she said. “Mr. Kelada c an just believe me.”I had a sudden feeling that something unfortunate was about to occur.Ramsay jumped up: “I’ll undo it.”He handed the chain to Mr. Kelada, who took a magnifier and closely examined it. A smile spread over his face. He was about to speak. Suddenly he caught sight of Mrs. Ramsay’s face. It was white. She looked as if she were about to faint. She was staring at him with wide and terrified eyes. They held a desperate appeal; it was so clear that I wondered why her husband did not see it.Mr. Kelada stopped with his mouth open.“I was mistaken，’’ he said. “It，s a very good imitation, but as soon as I looked through my glass I saw that it wasn’t real. I think 18 dollars is the right price.”He took out a hundred-dollar bill. He handed it to Ramsay without a word.“Perhaps that’ll teach you a lesson，” said Ramsay as he took the money.The story spread over the ship. Mr. Kelada was laughed at badly. But Mrs. Ramsay went to her room with a headache.Next morning I got up and began to shave. Suddenly there was some sound and I saw a letter pushed under the door. I picked it up and saw it was to Mr. Kelada. I handed it to him.He took from the envelope a hundred-dollar bill.I looked at him smiling: “Were the pearls real?”“Yes. If I had a pretty wife I shouldn’t let her spend a year in New York while I stayed in Japan,” said he. At that moment I didn’t d islike Mr. Kelada.36.The reason why Mr. Kelada was disliked by many people was that he______.A. cared for no one elseB. felt so good with himselfC. pretended to be learnedD. cheated people with lies37.According to the passage, Mr. Ramsay______.A. had earned a good wealthB. dressed his wife in a proper wayC. had special interest in pearlsD. intended to teach Kelada a lesson38.“That chain you’re wearing will never be worth a cent less than it is now”means______.A. the value of the chain is sure to go upB. the value of the chain is going downC. the chain is worth no more than a centD. the chain is just worth nothing at all39.Mrs. Ramsay was unwilling to show her pearls because she knew______.A. they were worthless imitationB. they would be made fun ofC. they were really too expensiveD. they would soon lose the value40.It was very______ of Mr. Kelada not to tell the truth.A. carelessB. impoliteC. cruelD. thoughtful41. We can infer from the passage that Mrs. Ramsay’s pearl chain mi ght be bought by______.A. herselfB. her husbandC. her loverD. Mr. Kelada四、翻译：随着社会的发展，人类对水的需求不断增加，但可供人类使用的水资源却急剧减少。
江苏省丹阳高级中学2016年自主招生英语辅导材料5---精校Word版含答案
江苏省丹阳高级中学2016年自主招生英语辅导材料5---精校Word版含答案江苏省丹阳高级中学英语自主招生辅导材料（五）一、词汇拓展1.We’re having difficulty recruiting enough properly qualified staff.2.He left the government to become her most formidable rival.3.They led a life of luxury, in a huge house in the countryside.4.Imagination and hard work are the ingredients of success.5.If we exclude uncompleted projects from the calculations, the total spent is still morethan 15 billion dollars6.He was fined for exceeding the speed limit.7.It was revealed that he had been in prison twice before.8.He descended slowly from the railway carriage.These ideas descend from those of the ancient philosophers.9.I learned a tremendous amount of knowledge in a short time.10.I think the fact that he is working with amateurs really frustrated him.I can’t understand this. I just g et frustrated with it.11.English comedians find it difficult to conquer the hearts of the local people.12.She seemed reluctant to join in the discussion.13.They spoke good Spanish and promised to interpret for me.14.I didn’t get a single world of gratitude for all my trouble.15.Let us resume where we left off.16.Tyson knocked his opponent out in the first around17.Fear of change is the greatest obstacle to progress.18.If medical supplies are short, children will be given priority.19.Sue says she seen Jurassic Park twenty tim es, but I’m sure she’s exaggerating.20.It is comfortable to live in the place because it is equipped with modern facilities.二、完形填空:All of my students I taught at Saint Mary’s School in Morris, Minnesota were dear to me, but Mark was one in a million. His happy-to-be-alive attitude made even his occasional naughtiness 21 .Mark talked 22 in class. I had to remind him again and again that talking without 23 was unacceptable. What impressed me so much, though, was his sincere response every time I h ad to correct him for misbehaving, “Thank you for correcting me, Madam!” I didn’t know what to mak e of it at first, but before long I became 24 hearing it many times a day.However, one morning my patience was 25 when Mark talked once too often. I warned Mark, “If you say one more word, I am going to tape your mouth 26 !”It wasn’t ten seconds later wh en Chuck blurted out（脱口说出）, “Mark is talking again.”I hadn’t asked any of the students to help me 27 Mark, but since I had stated the 28 in front of the class, I had to act on it.Taking out a roll of masking tape from the drawer of my desk,I walked to M ark’s desk,29 two pieces of tape and made a big X with them over his mouth. I then returned to the30 of the room.As I glanced at Mark to see how he was doing, he winked at me naughtily. That he did so funnily! I started 31 . The entire class 32 as I wal ked back to Mark’s desk, 33 the tape, and shrugged my shoulders. His first words were, “Thank you for 34 me, Madam!”Several years passed until one cold rainy day when my father broke the news to me that Mark was killed in Vietnam War, I broke down and cri ed in my heart, “Mark, I would give all the masking tape in the world 35 you could talk to me!”21. A. delightful B. attractive C. striking D. annoying22. A. happily B. constantly C. quickly D. immediately23. A. hesitation B. permission C. delay D. trouble24. A. curious about B. unbearable of C. accustomed to D. fond of25. A. growing out B. working out C. going out D. running out26. A. close B. firmly C. shut D. closely27. A. watch B. criticize C. overlook D. inform28. A. opinion B. view C. punishment D. evidence29. A. put up B. tore off C. cut into D. took out30. A . back B. centre C. entrance D. front31. A. laughing B. screaming C. complaining D. criticizing32. A. disturbed B. protected C. froze D. cheered33. A. stuck B. recovered C. removed D. fastened34. A. praising B. correcting C. encouraging D. hurting35. A. as if B. in case C. if only D. even if三、阅读理解:AToday, we complete our story about the influential Englishwriter William Shakespeare. He wrote plays and poems during the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, which remain very popular today.During earlier times, people would probably have learned several ancient Roman and Greek plays. It was not unusual for writers to produce more current versions of these works. For example, in Shakespeare’s play “The Comedy of Errors”, Shakespeare borrowed certain details from the ancient Roman writer Plautus. For his play “Macbeth”, Shakespeare most likely used a wo rk on Scottish history by Raphael Holinshed for information. Shakespeare might have borrowed from other writers, but the intensity（强度）of his imagination and language made the plays his own. While many plays by other writers of his time have been forgotten, Shakespeare and his art live on.Shakespeare was also influenced by the world around him. He described the sights and sounds of London in his plays. His works include observations about political struggles, the fear of diseases, and the popular language o f the city’s tradesmen. Shakespeare’s knowledge of the English co untryside is also clear. His works include descriptions of deep forests, local flowers, and the ancient popular traditions of rural people.It would be impossible to list all of the ways in w hich Shakespeare’s works have influenced the world culture. But the first and greatest example would be his great influence on the English language. During his time, the English language was changing. Many new words from other languages were being added. Shakespeare used his sharp mind and poetic inventiveness to create hundreds of new words and rework old ones. For example, he created the noun forms of “critic”, “mountaineer” and “eyeball”. Many common expressions inEnglish come from his plays, including “pomp and circumstance （装腔作势）” from “Othello”, “full circle（绕圈子地）” from “King Lear”, etc. The list of cultural creations influenced by Shakespeare is almost endless. From paintings to television to music and dance, Shakespeare was well represented. Shakespe are’s plays have been translated into every major language in the world.Shakespeare became a well-known writer during a golden age of theater. His years of hard work paid off.36. From the passage, we can see that ________.A. Shakespeare was hard-working when he was a studentB. many of Shakespeare’s works were infl uenced by earlier writingsC. the experience of living in London had no effect on Shakespeare’s worksD. Shakespeare became rich later because of the popularity of his works37. Why could Sh akespeare’s works survive his time?A. Because there were so few people writing plays in his time.B. Because he produced too many works that nobody else could do.C. Because his works were rich in imagination and language.D. Because he was a rich and influential person of his time.38. Shakespeare’s greatest influence should be on .A. paintingsB. televisionC. the English languageD. music and dance39. The passage is mainly about .A. an introduction to Shakespeare’s life and his worksB. the main features and styles of Shakespeare’s playsC. Shakespeare’s greatest influence on the world culture.D. how culture influenced Shakespeare and he influenced culture.BOne of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might some da y get lost in a “sea of technology” rather than experiencing the natural world. Fear-producing TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnection between kids and the great outdoors, which will change the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on child’s play.Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. “If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment（蚕食）?” asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods.Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive（认知的）skills. Experts predict modern kids will have poorer health than their parents — and they say a lack of outside play is surely part of it; research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and that play in nature fosters（培养）leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. Even a tiny outdoor experience can create wonder in a child. The three-year-old turning over his first rock realizes he。
【KS5U名校推荐】江苏省丹阳高级中学2016年自主招生英语辅导材料15Word版含答案
【KS5U名校推荐】江苏省丹阳高级中学2016年自主招生英语辅导材料15Word版含答案英语自主招生辅导材料（十五）一、词汇拓展1. Despite a number of setbacks, they persevered in their attempts to fly around the world in a balloon.Perseverance is a necessary quality of a person who wants to make great achievements.2. The report released recently looks at the education system from the perspective of deaf people. Talking to others can often help to put your own problems into perspective.3. The moment we dropped anchor, a picturesque fishing village came into our sight.He gave us a picturesque account of his trip to New York as if he had been there many times. 4. He pleaded with the jury to be allowed to see his mother one more time.She stayed home from work, pleading illness. He pleaded not guilty to the charge of murder.Managers pleaded that there was not enough time to make the changes.5. Eisenhower fulfilled his election pledge to end the war in Korea.6. More and more frequent poaching of elephants poses a danger to the existence of them. Several of our outstanding employees have been poached by a rival firm.7. He traveled the southern states, preaching to the people occasionally.The prime minister is always preaching the merits of a free market, which is doomed to failure.8. I am still baffled. Can you give a more precise definition of the word?We were just talking about her when, at that precise moment, she walked in.9. If this medicine doesn’t work, I may have to prescribe something stronger for your headache.Police regulations prescribe that an officer's number must be clearly visible.10. It is peculiar that those beliefs still prevail among certain social groups.Fortunately, common sense prevailed. Otherwise, I would have done something illegal.11. Fish at the surface of the water are/fall easy prey for eagles.Since the failure, she has fallen prey to irrational fears and depression.12. After several burglaries in the area, security is now a high/top/main priority.When an accident happens, children and women will have priority over the others invlolved.13. Don’t get annoyed. I don't want to probe too deeply into your personal affairs.The doctor probed the wound for signs of infection. a Mars probe a corruption probe 14. While one candidate dropped out, the government was determined to proceed with the election.Passengers for Rome should proceed to Gate 32 for boarding.15. I only saw her face in profile. In order not to be the focus, he always keeps a low profile.We first build up a detailed profile of our customers and their requirements.The profile of the western hills against the blue sky is sharper than usual.16. The hotel is not responsible for any loss or damage to guests' personal property.17. Although the majority of offenders are men, a small proportion - about 5 percent - are women.The rewards you get in this job are in direct proportion to the effort you put in.18. The company was prosecuted for breaching the Health and Safety Act.The president declared that they had overwhelming public support to prosecute the war.19. There's every/a real prospect that England will not qualify for the World Cup.Her parents strongly oppose her marrying a man with no house and no prospects.20. The mutual cooperation between China and the USA can contribute to the prosperity of the world.二、完形填空:Avraham Kadar, a physician, faced the challenge of explaining complex medical concepts to children be was treating for many years. __21_ , he found a solution in 1999, and teachers have been gaining the benefits ever since.Kadar created BrainPOP, a(n)__22__program consisting of humorous animated(动画的) videos in which a man named Tim and his robot friend Moby__23__ various subjects. The videos fall into seven types: engineering and technology, science, social studies, English, math, health, and arts and music. From historical figures to recent inventions, they cover over 500 topics, __24__interste in the subjects though __25__and illustrations.BrainPOP’s materials also inclu de quizzes, activities, answers to questions and extra information about each topic.BrainPOP can be used in the classroom or at home through the Internet. It is now _26__ everywhere through its apps (应用程序) for mobile devices. BrainPOP also supplies resources to different__27__ : BrainPOP Jr, for younger students, BrainPOP Espanol for Spanish speakers and BrainPOP ESL for those learning English. Almost 20 percent of American schools have __28_ BrainPOP, and its popularity is growing worldwide. Its website, apps and produces have won multiple awards from magazines, websites and other organizations.The reason for BrainPOP’s__29__ among teachers is similar: It works. A 2009 study conducted by SEG Research compared students who used BrainPOP to those who didn’t. The BrainPOP users experienced more __30__in vocabulary, reading comprehension, language skills and science than the other syudents.And the benefits of BrainPOP are not limited to__31__ speakers of English. One award-winning Canadian school with students from many language backgrounds makes BrainPOP available to all its teachers. They find it__32__ because it mixes pictures with its presentations instead of relying only on language._33_ , a school in the U.S. for students with learning disabilities has found BrainPOP very effective at keeping students engaged and encouraging them to participate. Teachers said taht BrainPOP’s quick pace and humor help students __34__ interruptions and continue to focus. The kids love the teacher Moby, a robot that cannot speak but communicates with facial expressions and beeps(发出嘟声). For mor e than 10 years, BrainPOP’s fun, lear and educational materials have helpedstudents learn---and __35_ it.21. A. At one time B. By no means C. In the end D.On the whole22. A. domestic B. educational C. historic D.medical23. A. bring up B. contribute to C. figure out D.talk about24. A. cultivating B. appreciating C. expressingD. following25. A. changes B. concepts C. humorD. science26. A. useful B. creative C. informativeD. accessible27. A. groups B. stores C. devicesD. schools28. A. studied B. adopted C. inventedD. produced29. A. appearance B. existence C. limitationD. popularity30. A. difficulties B. improvement C. practiceD. challenges31. A. popular B. foreign C. nativeD. brilliant32. A. helpful B. complex C. informalD. funny33. A. Absolutely B. Namely C. Originally D.Similarly34. A. notice B. recognize C. ignoreD. picture35. A. imitate B. enjoy C. exploreD. illustrate三、阅读理解:I was on a 14-day voyage across the Pacific. I shared the same room with Mr. Kelada.I disliked Mr. Kelada. He was chatty. He talked of New York and San Francisco, plays, pictures, and politics. In three days he knew everyone on board. He was certainly the best hated man in the ship. He enjoyed argument. He knew everything better than others, and the possibility of his being mistaken never occurred to him.A man called Ramsay bitterly hated him.Ramsay was an American Embassy serviceman in Japan. He was on his way back to his post, after a visit to New York to fetch his wife who had been spending a year at home. His wife was pretty. Her husband was badly-paid, and she was dressed simply; but she knew how to wear her clothes. She achieved an effect of quiet beauty.One evening, Mr. Kelada talked all his way. The conversation moved to pearls (珍珠).Mr. Kelada told us all about pearls. I believe Ramsay knew nothing about them, but he couldn’t resist the opportunity to fight back at Mr. Kelada, and soon they were in a heated argument. Mr. Kelada hit the table:“I know what I am talking about. I’m going to Japan just to look into pearl business. I know all the best pearls in the world.I can tell pearls with half an eye.”He pointed to a chain that Mrs. Ramsay wore. “You take my word for it, Mrs. Ramsay, that chain you’re wearing will never be worth a cent less than it is now.”Mrs. Ramsay hid the chain inside her dress. Ramsay said with a smile: “That’s a pretty chain of Mrs. Ramsay’s, isn’t it4?”“I noticed it at once,” answered Mr. Kelada. “Those are really good pearls.”“I didn’t buy it myself, of course. How much do you think it cost?”“About 15,000 dollars. But on Fifth Avenue, it shouldn’t be surprised to hear that 30,000 was paid for it.”Ramsay smiled: “You’ll be surprised to hear th at Mrs. Ramsay bought it for 18 dollars.”Mr. Kelada rush ed: “It’s not only real, but also the finest.”“Will you bet on it? I，l bet you a hundred dollars it’s imitation.”“Done.”“Oh，don’t bet, it’s just imitation.” said Mrs. Ramsay and her tone was unhappy.“Let me look at the chain, and I can afford to lose 100 dollars，” said Mr. Kelada.“Take it off, dear. Let the gentleman look at it.”Mrs. Ramsay hesitated. “I can’t undo it，，’ she said. “Mr. Kelada can just believe me.”I had a sudden feeling that something unfortunate was about to occur.Ramsay jumped up: “I’ll undo it.”He handed the chain to Mr. Kelada, who took a magnifier and closely examined it. A smile spread over his face. He was about to speak. Suddenly he caught sight of Mrs. Ramsay’s face. It was white. She looked as if she were about to faint. She was staring at him with wide and terrified eyes. They held a desperate appeal; it was so clear that I wondered why her husband did not see it.Mr. Kelada stopped with his mouth open.“I was mistak en，’’ he said. “It，s a very good imitation,but as soon as I looked through my glass I saw that it wasn’t real. I think 18 dollars is the right price.”He took out a hundred-dollar bill. He handed it to Ramsay without a word.“Perhaps that’ll teach you a lesson，” said Ramsay as he took the money.The story spread over the ship. Mr. Kelada was laughed at badly. But Mrs. Ramsay went to her room with a headache.Next morning I got up and began to shave. Suddenly there was some sound and I saw a letter pushed under the door. I picked it up and saw it was to Mr. Kelada. I handed it to him.He took from the envelope a hundred-dollar bill.I looked at him smiling: “Were the pearls real?”“Yes. If I had a pretty wife I shouldn’t let her spend a year in New York whi le I stayed in Japan,” said he. At that moment I didn’t d islike Mr. Kelada.36.The reason why Mr. Kelada was disliked by many people was that he______.A. cared for no one elseB. felt so good with himselfC. pretended to be learnedD. cheated people with lies37.According to the passage, Mr. Ramsay______.A. had earned a good wealthB. dressed his wife in a proper wayC. had special interest in pearlsD. intended to teach Kelada a lesson38.“That chain you’re wearing will never be worth a cent less than i t is now” means______.A. the value of the chain is sure to go upB. the value of the chain is going downC. the chain is worth no more than a centD. the chain is just worth nothing at all39.Mrs. Ramsay was unwilling to show her pearls because she knew______.A. they were worthless imitationB. they would be made fun ofC. they were really too expensiveD. they would soon lose the value40.It was very______ of Mr. Kelada not to tell the truth.A. carelessB. impoliteC. cruelD. thoughtful41. We can infer from the passage that Mrs. Ramsay’s pearl chain mi ght be bought by______.A. herselfB. her husbandC. her loverD. Mr. Kelada四、翻译：随着社会的发展，人类对水的需求不断增加，但可供人类使用的水资源却急剧减少。
江苏省丹阳高级中学初中英语八年级下册Unit 6经典测试题(答案解析)
一、选择题1．The most beautiful thing about learning is that ______ can take it away from you. A．anybody B．somebody C．everybody D．nobody D解析：D【解析】【详解】句意：关于学习最美好的事情就是没有人可以把它从你身上夺走。
A.任何人B.某人C.每个人D.没有人，这里是在描述学习的美好之处，是说学习到的东西就是自己的，没有任何人可以把它从你身上抢走，表示“没有谁，没有人”用复合不定代词nobody，故选D。
2．The house is made _______ stone and it looks very beautiful.A．of B．from C．into D．by A解析：A【解析】句意：这座房子是用石头制成的，它看起来非常漂亮。
根据be made of 表示“用......制造”,是看出原材料的；be made from 表示“用......制造”，是看不出原材料的；be made by表示被......制成。
be made into被制成。
根据题干的意思可知，本句的意思是“这座房子是用石头制成的”，是看出原材料的，应用be made of 。
故选A。
3．—_______ happened _______ him last night?—He fell down and hurt himself.A．How; with B．How; to C．What; with D．What; to D解析：D【解析】句意：——昨天晚上他怎么啦？——他摔倒了，自己受伤了。
根据固定句型what happened to sb？某人发生什么事了？可知应用what和 to。
故选D。
4．（题文）My mother is _______ busy _______ she can’t cook for us at noon.A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．as; as A解析：A【解析】句意：我母亲如此忙以至于她在中午无法给我们做饭。
江苏省丹阳高级中学自主招生英语辅导材料7 Word版含答案
江苏省丹阳高级中学英语自主招生辅导材料（七）一、词汇拓展1.In her leisure time she visits museums and galleriesTake the leaflets home and read them at your leisure2.Plastic window frames are more durable than wood.3.I dropped the plate and it smashed.Larry smashed his fist down on the table.4.Be careful. The floor’s very slippery.Once you start taking soft drugs you’re on the slippery slope to becoming an addict.5.Exercise really can help you withstand stresses and strains more easily6.“ Who cooked the meal? “Well it was a joint effort really.”Jackie and Ben came to a joint decision as to where they would live.7.In their haste to escape the rising water, they dropped some expensive equipment.More haste, less speed.8.People with the virus may feel perfectly well, but they can still infect others.Lucy’s enthusiasm soon infected the rest of the class.9.I estimate that the total cost for treatment will be $12,500.10.61 countries severely restrict women's rights to abortion11.Will they be able to resist the temptation to buy?52Next week, health ministers gather in Amsterdam to talk about a strategy for controlling malaria.12.Today’s the first time I’ve ventured out of doors since my illness.Nobody ventured to say a word.Nothing ventured, nothing gained.13.I had to wear long sleeves to stop myself scratching.Hong Kong's manufacturing industry did not start from scratch in the post-war period.14.Beijing has begun to pursue its regional interests more forcefully.Lane didn’t dare to pursue the matter too far15.A lot of those children have been deprived of a normal home life.16.Sue’s very nice, but she does tend to dominate the conversation.Education issues dominated the election campaign.17.The flavor of most foods can be enhanced by good cooking.18.Some people say that's why the dinosaurs went extinct.19.I’m in a dilemma about this job offer.20.Juan accepted his destiny without complaint.二、完形填空:My name is Amy. I’m a 25-year-old graduate student who likes yoga, home-decorating shows and eating spoonfuls of peanut butter 21 from the jar. Oh yeah, and I’m an iPhone addict.I wasn’t always an addict. In fact, for many years I told myself I didn’t want a 22 cellphone. They seemed like too much work, always beeping, ringing and 23 attention.I was 24 content with my simple antique (古董，此处指旧手机), and I di dn’t expect to change my mind any time soon.However, about a year ago, I found myself envious of all those proud iPhone owners, cradling their shiny new phones and 25 all their friends. I started listening secretly to conversations about “iPhone apps”, feeling like a 26 listening to a language I couldn’t speak.Eventually I couldn’t27 my iPhone instinct (本能) any longer, and I welcomed my new iPhone into my life.To my surprise, I suddenly found myself with a whole new circle of friends. They 28 my iPhone-related inquiries when my other friends couldn’t, and didn’t29 when I bragged about (吹嘘) all the things little Eloise (yes, I named her) could do.However, I realized I had a problem when one day I found myself Google-mapping my way to my mailbox, which happens to be right outside my front door.When I 30 the past few months, I couldn’t believe I didn’t see this coming. All the 31 signs were there. Eloise slept right beside me and was the first thing I 32 in the morning. I 33 my e-mail about 20 times a day. I also experienced 34 when I left poor Eloise in the change room at the gym. 35 she beeped and needed my response?Okay, so I was addicted to my iPhone.I decided 36 had to be done. But, as I quickly realized, iPhones are like 37 and not easy to quit.Then, while taking the bus to work one day, I was 38 forced to quit—at least 39 . When I reached into my purse to grab Eloise, (to refer to my e-mail for only the seventh time that morning), I found her 40 by fever. She was so hot that I dropped her immediately back into my bag. When I picked her up again, she was gone.21. A. straight B. excitedly C. hurriedly D. randomly22. A. faithful B. fancy C. fragile D. curious23. A. demanding B. attempting C. rejecting D. paying24. A. partly B. frequently C. perfectly D. gradually25. A. showing them off to B. impressing them onC. discussing them withD. recommending them to26. A. farmer B. tourist C. native D. worker27. A. inspect B. submit C. ignore D. confirm28. A. turned down B. laughed at C. comment on D. responded to29. A. roll their eyes B. open their mouths C. wave their hands D. nod their heads30. A. rest on B. reflect upon C. settle down D. concentrate on31. A. funny B. guilty C. warning D. positive32. A. dream of B. came across C. glanced through D. reached for33. A. checked B. wrote C. delivered D. deleted34. A. happiness B. anxiety C. starvation D. disappointment35. A. How when B. How about C. What if D. In case36. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something37. A. cigarettes B. coffee C. books D. milk38. A. instantly B. unexpectedly pletely D. surprisingly39. A. permanently B. unwillingly C. temporarily D. accidentally40. A. drowned B. removed C. exploded D. overcome三、阅读理解:“I was only thirteen when four of my team members and I were chosen by my swim coach to train with the Chinese National Team. The following piece shows how that experience has influenced me.”The night before I left for China, my mother called me into her room. I entered not knowing what to expect. I sat down at the end of her very neatly-made bed, opposite the bedroom table on which she kept a Ming-style vase illustrated in great detail. She told me that my great-grandmother was still living in the surroundings of Beijing. Her name was Ren Li Ling and she was 97 years old. This was the first time I had ever heard of her.The dragon on the vase snaked through the flowers and vines（藤蔓）as my mother said, “Pu Pu, look at me. You need to hear this so that when you go to China you will understand. You must keep this knowledge in your hear t.”She told me a story about my grandfather, Ren Li Ling's son, who left Beijing to go to college in Taiwan. She told me how the Chinese civil war kept him away from his mother for fifty years, so neither of them even knew that the other was alive. No one from Taiwan could visit, write, or call anyone in mainland. All lines of communication were cut off.She told me of my grandfather's devotion to his own children, and how difficult it was for him to send his daughter to America for her education, fearing that same separation. He gave my mother all that he could give — nineteen years of love and fifty years of savings. I learned how my mother, through means only available in this country, would finally be able to unite my great-grandmother with my grandfather again. The dragon curled around the vase, connecting the separate vines. For a fleeting second, I felt it was present in my mother's room. It was all very strange, yet very clear. I began to understand that this trip to China was not just for me; it was for my mother, and her father, and his mother. Now, I had not only a future, but more significantly, a past. I saw the world with new eyes.And so I went to China and met my great-grandmother. My great-aunt picked me up at the training center, and we rode in a taxi through the crowded city. The noise of the taxi and the city united into a deep roar. We finally stopped in front of a narrow street lined on either side with small one-level houses. As we made our way to a house like all the others, I drew the stares of many people in the street. My great-aunt led me through a rotting（朽烂的）doorway into a room with a furnace（炉子）, table, and a rocking chair where an old woman wearing gloves sat facing the doorway, covered with a worn brown blanket. I walked over and immediately embraced this frail woman as if I had known her all my life. My limited, broken Chinese wasn't up to expressing my complicated feelings. And even though I couldn't completely understand what she was saying in her thick Beijing accent, I knew — the same way I knew what my mother had been trying to tell me before I left. Her joy shone through her toothless smile. She wouldn't let go of my hand. I haltingly（结结巴巴地）asked her how she had managed to live such a long life. She answered inwords I will never forget, “Hope has kept me alive. I have lived this long because I wanted to see my son before I died.”My fellow team members must have wondered how two people separated by three generations could be so close. Before this trip, I would have wondered the same thing. And even now, I can't quite explain it. We were as different as two people can be; some 85 years and 8,000 miles apart. We came from two entirely different cultures; yet we were connected by a common heritage(传统).I stayed for dinner which was cooked in a black iron wok（锅）over the furnace. The meal was lavish（过分丰盛的）, prepared in my honor. As I began to eat, with my great-grandmother beside me, I felt the dragon was present. But this time, the feeling didn't pass; the dragon had become a part of me.My great-grandmother passed away last year at the age of 100. With her highest hopes and wildest dreams fulfilled, I know she died happy.41. The writer’s mother called him into her room to ___________________.A. prepare him for the trip and warn him against possible problemsB. remind him of his originC. ask him to look for his great-grandmotherD. share with him the story of her childhood42. The dragon is mentioned several times in the passage because __________________.A. the vase with the dragon on it is very valuable and beautifulB. it stands for the blood running in every ChineseC. it is a sign of the writer’s devotion to his birthplaceD. the writer’s mother hoped the writer would be as strong as a dragon43. How old was the writer’s mother when she was sent to America for her education.A. 13B. 16C. 19D. 2044. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?A. The writer’s grandfather was afraid of a war when sending his daughter to America.B. The hope to see her son again kept the writer’s great-grandmother alive for this long.C. It was within the writer’s expectation that he could be so close to his great-grandmother.D. The writer’s great-grandmother was reunited with her son before she died.45. Which is the best title for the text?A. We Share the Same Heritage.B. Love from My Great-grandmother.C. A Story from My Mother.D. An Unforgettable Training Trip.江苏省丹阳高级中学英语自主招生辅导材料（一）21-25 ABACA 26-30 BCDAB 31-35 CDABC 36-40 DABCD56-60 BBCDA。
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江苏省丹阳高级中学英语自主招生辅导材料（六）一、词汇拓展1.Luke’s destructive behavior caused his parents great distress.2.My father was no longer prospering in business.3.Domestic flights go from Terminal 1.4.I always tried to remain neutral when they started arguing.5.Owing to lack of confidence in economy, a crisis seems inevitable.6.Environmentalists and loggers are on a collision course, with no compromise in sight.7.Our government has taken measures to reduce the likelihood of disease.8.We encountered a serious setback when two members of the expedition were injured.9.Wanda’s whole life has been oriented around the children.10.There weren’t enough beds, but the matter was resolved by George sleeping on the sofa.After the divorce she resolved never to marry again.11.The US has sought to isolate Cuba both economically and politically.Young mothers often feel isolated and cut off from the rest of the world.12.I wish you’d stop interfering--- you’ve caused enough problems already.Anxiety can interfere with children’s performance at school.plete disarmament（裁军）was the ultimate goal of the conference.14.Haven’t you got a decent pair of shoes?Decent citizens have nothing to fear from this legislation(法规).15.The external walls were in need of repair.China will not tolerate any external interference in its affairs.16.Hearing her practice the violin is torture.17.The discussions stimulated a free exchange of ideas.An inspiring teacher can stimulate students to succeed.18.Thirty people died in the blast.We had to blast our way through 50 meters of solid rock.19.The President was given a hostile reception by a crowd of angry farmers.20.The program will generate a lot of new jobs.二、完形填空:This is the story of two lovers, who finally got married. Both of them were romantic at first, 21 on the walk of life, problems, quarrels, profession came into their life.One day, she finally decided “I want to break up”. “Why?” he asked.“I am 22 .” she answered.He kept silent the whole night, seemingly in deep 23 . finally he asked, “What can I do to 24 your mind?”Looking into his eyes she said, “Answer my question. If you can 25 my heart, I will change my mind. Let’s say, I want a flower 26 on the face of a mountain cliff (悬崖), we both are sure that picking the flower will cause your 27 . will you do it for me?”He said, “I will give you my 28 tomorrow.”She woke up the next morning, found him gone, and saw a piece of paper on her bed, which 29 “My dear, I would not pick that flower for you, the 30 are …”“When you use the computer yo u always 31 the software, and you cry in front of the screen. I have to save my fingers so that I can help to restore the 32 . You always leave the house keys behind, thus I have to save my 33 to rush home to open the door for you. You love traveling but always lose your way in a (n) 34 city. I have to save my eyes to show you the way. You always 35 at the computer, and that will do nothing good for your eyes. I have to save my eyes 36 when we grow old, I can help to clip your nails and help to remove those 37 white hairs.”“Thus, my dear, unless I am sure that there is someone who loves you 38 I do (I)could not pick that flower yet, and die …”That’s life, and 39 . flowers, and romantic moments are only used and appear on the 40 of the relationship. Under all this, the pillar of true love stands.21．A．but B．and C．or D．so 22．A．lonely B．shamed C．tired D．worried 23．A．space B．thought C．shade D．impression 24．A．speak B．change C．blow D．keep 25．A．represent B．expand C．admit D．convince 26．A．growing B．falling C．living D．waiting 27．A．attention B．satisfaction C．interest D．death 28．A．agreement B．answer C．announcement D．judgment 29．A．writes B．informs C．prints D．goes 30．A．meanings B．messages C．reasons D．purposes 31．A．turn up B．put up C．use up D．mess up 32．A．structures B．programs C．balance D．position 33．A．legs B．patience C．energy D．dollars 34．A．ancient B．new C．modern D．underground 35．A．shout B．jump C．knock D．stare 36．A．as if B．now that C．so that D．in case 37．A．annoying B．enjoyable C．dusty D．amusing 38．A．less than B．rather than C．more than D．other than 39．A．determination B．love C．progress D．power 40．A．surface B．way C．principle D．nature三、阅读理解:Antidepressant（抗忧郁）drugs such as Prozac were viewed in the early 1900's as wonder pills that would remove depressive blues for good．But in the past five years, growing scientific evidence has shown these drugs work for only a minority of people．And now a research journal says that these antidepressants can make many patients' depression worse．This alarming suggestion centres on the very chemical that is targeted by antidepressants-serotonin （血清素）．Drugs such as Prozac are known as selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors （or SSRIs）．Their aim is to increase the level of this ‘feel-good' chemical in the brain．But the new research, published in the journal Frontiers In Evolutionary Psychology, points out that serotonin is like a chemical Swiss Army knife, performing a very wide range of jobs in the brain and body．And when we start changing serotonin levels purposely, it may cause a wide range of unwanted effects．These can include digestive problems and even early deaths in olderpeople, according to the study's lead researcher Paul Andrews．" We need to be much more cautious about use of these drugs," says Andrews, an assistant professor of evolutionary psychology at McMaster University in Ontario, Canada．Previous research has suggested that the drugs provide little benefit for most people with mild depression, and actively help only a few of the most severely depressed．Famous psychologist Irving Kirsch has found that for many patients, SSRIs are no more effective than a placebo pill．A research in 2010 0n Danish children found a small, but significant, increase in the risk of heart problems among babies whose mothers had used SSRIs in early pregnancy（怀孕）．The key to understanding these side-effects is serotonin, says Andrews．Serotonin is also the reason why patients can often end up feeling still more depressed after they have finished a course of SSRI drugs．He argues that SSRI antidepressants disturb the brain, leaving the patient an even greater depression than before．"After long use, when a patient stops taking SSRIs, the brain will lower its levels of serotonin production," he says, adding that it also changes the way receptors in the brain respond to serotonin, making the brain less sensitive to the chemical．These changes are believed to be temporary, but studies indicate that the effects may continue for up to two years．Most disturbingly of all, Andrews' review features three recent studies which, he says ,show that elderly antidepressant users are more likely to die earlier than non-users, even after taking other important variables into account．One study, published in the British Medical Journal last year, found patients given SSRIs were more than 4 per cent more likely to die in the next year than those not on the drugs．"Serotonin is an ancient chemical," says Andrews．"It is regulating many different processes, and when you disturb these things, you can expect that it is going to cause some harm．"Stafford Lightman, professor of medicine at the University of Bristol, and a leading UK expert in brain chemicals and hormones, says Andrews' review highlights some important problems, yet it should also be taken with a pinch of salt．"This report is doing the opposite of what drug companies do," he says．“'Drug companies selectively present all the positives in their research, while this search selectively presents all the negatives that can be found．Nevertheless, Andrews' study is useful in that it is always worth pointing out that there is a downside to any medicine．" Professor Lightman adds that there is still a great deal we don't know about SSRIs-not least what they actually do in our brains．When it comes to understanding why the drugs work only for a limited part of patients, U．S．scientists think they might now have the answer．They think that in many depressed patients, it's not only the lack of feel-good serotonin causing their depression, but also a failure in the area of the brain that produces new cells throughout our lives．This area, the hippocampus, is also responsible for regulating mood and memory．Research suggests that in patients whose hippocampus has lost the ability to produce new cells, SSRIs do not bring any benefit．41．According to paragraph 2, serotonin, like a chemical Swiss Army knife, can .A．make many patients' depression worseB．cause a wide range of unwanted effectsC．affect human body and brain in various waysD．provide little benefit for most depressed people.42．We can learn from the text that .A．the number of patients with depression has decreasedB．antidepressants can benefit people with mild depressionC．people have realized that Prozac cannot be used to treat depressionD．antidepressants may increase the risk of early death in older people43．In Stafford Lightman's opinion, .A．drug companies don't know the negative effect of antidepressantsB．Andrews focused on different things from the drug companiesC．scientists have found what SSRIs do in the brainD．Andrews' research has no medical value44．Which of the following is TRUE about SSRIs?A．They are used to increase the "feel-good" medical in the brain．B．They can work even when the hippocampus can't produce new cells．C．They create a risk of heart problems in pregnant women．D．They are responsible for controlling mood and memory.45．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 6?A．Andrews' review might not be completely true．．B．Andrews need to do more research to support his viewpoint．C．Andrew doesn't consider drug companies' interests．D．Andrews has found one of the disadvantages of the medicine．46．What is the text mainly about?A．The aim of drug companies．B．The function of SSRIs．C．The side-effects of antidepressants．D．The cause of depression．江苏省丹阳高级中学英语自主招生辅导材料（六）21—25 ACBBD 26—30 ADBDC 31—35 DBABD 36—40 CACBA41—45 CDBAAC。