2020年高考英语二轮复习词义猜测类 专项练习附答案
2020年高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专练(附答案)
2020年高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专练（附答案）1.阅读理解A young man was walking through a supermarket to pick up a few things when he noticed an old lady following him around. Thinking nothing of it,he ignored her and continued on. Finally, he went to the checkout line, but she got in front of him. “Pardon me,” she said, “I'm sorry if my staring at you has made you feel uncomfortable. It's just that you look just like my son who just died recently.”“I'm very sorry,” replied the young man, “Is there anything I can do for you?”“Yes,” she said, “As I'm leaving, can you say ‘Goodbye mother'? It would make me feel much better”. “Sure,” answered the young man.As the old lady was leaving the count er, he called out from behind her, “Goodbye mother!” As he stepped up to the checkout counter and put what he bought on the counter, he saw that his total was $127.5. “How can that be?” he asked, “I only bought a few things!”“Your mother said that you would pay for her.” said the clerk.（1）The underlined word ‘ignore' most probably means _______.A. not to pay attention toB. to put on a smile atC. to watch out for （小心，当心）D. to look down upon（看不起）（2）Which of the following is the right order of the events in the story?a. the man said “Goodbye mother!”b. The woman left the supermarket.c. The woman spoke to the man.d. The man came to the counter.e. The woman got in front of the man.f. The woman followed the man.A. e,f,c,b,a,dB. c,e,f,a,b,dC. f,e,c,a,b,dD. d,e,c,f,b,a（3）What can be concluded（结论）from the passage?A. The man was fooled by the woman.B. The woman was too poor to pay for herself.C. The man didn't pay for the woman.D. The man didn't buy anything in the end.2.根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
2020版高考英语二轮检测：2-1-3 阅读理解——词义猜测题即学即练Word版含解析
A(2019年江西省重点中学盟校高三第一次联考) The mass death of flying foxes in extreme heat in North Queensland last month underlines the importance of University of Queensland wildlife research released today.The UQ research sheds light on how various species have responded to major climate events.A study led by UQ School of Earth and Environmental Science researcher Dr Sean Maxwell has spent more than 70 years quantifying the responses of various species.“The growing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as cyclones, droughts and floods is causing unpredictable and immediate changes to ecosystems and blocking existing management efforts，”Dr Maxwell said.“Some of the negative responses we found were quite concerning, including more than 100 cases of dramatic population declines and 31 cases of local population extinction following an extreme event.”“Populations of critically endangered bird species in Hawaii, such as the palia, have been annihilated due to drought, leaving none of its kind, and populations of lizard species have been wiped out due to cyclones in the Bahamas.”Cyclones were the most common extreme event for birds, fish, plants and reptiles, while mammals and amphibians were most responsive to drought events, with drought leading to 12 cases of major population decline in mammals.Drought also led to 13 cases of breeding declines in bird populations and 12 cases of changes in the composition of invertebrate communities.UQ Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science director Professor James Watson said the detailed information would help inform ecosystem management.“The research clearly shows species will respond, often negatively, to extreme events，”Professor Watson said.“As climate change continues to ensure extreme climate and weather events are more and more common, we now need to act to ensure species have the best chance to survive.Wherever possible, high quality and intact habitat areas should be retained, as these are the places where species are most resilient(易恢复的) to increasing exposure to extreme events.”1．How was the UQ research conducted?A．By observing extreme weather events.B．By protecting the endangered species.C．By recording reactions of animals to extreme climate.D．By analyzing the reason why mass animal death happened.2．What does the underlined word “annihilated”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A．destroyed B．defeatedC．decreased D．disappeared3．Which of the following sentences is true about extreme weather events?A．Drought caused 13 cases of distinction in bird populations.B．Drought caused 12 cases of population decline in mammals.C．Birds and mammals are most responsive to cyclones.D．Cyclones wiped out populations of lizard.4．What can we infer from Professor Watson's words?A．Animals often show negative responses to extreme events.B．The existing management ways for wildlife protection are limited.C．Different methods should be adopted to ensure the survival of different species.D．Complete and undamaged habitats are of great importance to species' survival.答案与解析文章大意：本文为说明文。
(新高考)高考英语小题必练15阅读理解之词义猜测题
1.正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础。
2.英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义在不同的语境中会有所不同，能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。
3.阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来，这是阅读理解中经常检测的一种能力。
1. 根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测【典例1】（2020·山东卷C 篇节选）In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia , which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?A Developing a serious mental disease.B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.【答案】D【解析】词句猜测题。
2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测类专项练习(含答案)
2020 届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测类专项练习【分类真题】（2019 年全国卷II.A ）My Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series（系列）oflifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull ，are equally fumy and frightening, but they're also aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIt ' s about two sisters Eri, a m—odel who either won ' t or can ' t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student.In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse "night people" who are hiding secrets.Gone GirlGillian FlynnThere was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable. The StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.21.Who does "I" refer to in the text?A. Stephen King.B. Gillian Flynn.C. Jo Usmar.D. Roald Dahl.答案】.C【解析】词义猜测题。
2020年高考英语二轮复习专题06 阅读理解Ⅳ：词义猜测题(测)
2020年高考英语二轮复习专题6 阅读理解IV：词义猜测1.D【四省名校2019-2020学年高三第一次大联考】If you wear glasses, chances are you are smarter. Research published in the famous British journal Nature Communications has found that people who displayed higher levels of intelligence were almost 30 percent more likely to wear glasses.The scientists studied the genes of thousands of people between the ages of 16 and 102.The study showed intelligence can be connected to physical characteristics. One characteristic was eyesight. In out of 10 people who were more intelligent, there was a higher chance they needed glasses. Scientists also said being smarter has other benefits. It is connected to better health.It is important to remember these are connections which are not proven causes. Scientists call this correlation. Just because something is connected to something else does not mean one of those things caused the other. And it’s worth noting that what constitutes intelligence is subjective and can be difficult, if not impossible, to measure.Forget genes though. Plenty of proof shows wearing glasses makes people think you are more intelligent, even if you do not need glasses. A number of studies have found people who wear glasses are seen as smarter, hard-working and honest. Many lawyers use this idea to help win their cases. Lawyer Harvey Solves explained this. Glasses soften their appearance. He said Sometimes there has been a huge amount of proof showing that people he was defending broke the law. He had them wear glasses and they weren’t found guilty.Glasses are also used to show someone is intelligent in movies and on TV. Ideas about people who wear glasses have begun to shift. People who do not need glasses sometimes wear them for fashion only. They want to look worldly or cool. But not everyone is impressed by this idea, though. GQ magazine said people who wear glasses for fashion are trying too hard to look smart and hip (时髦的). However, that hasn’t stopped many celebrities from happily wearing glasses even if they do not need them. Justin Bieber is just one high-profile fan of fashion glasses.12. What does the new study show?A. People wearing glasses are smarter.B. People wearing glasses are healthier.C. Wearing glasses can make people cleverer.D. Wearing glasses is associated with higher IQ.13. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Shift.B. Link.C. Proof.D. Consequence.14. Why do some lawyers ask their clients to wear glasses in court?A. Because it can create a moral image.B. Because it can mislead the witnesses.C. Because it can highlight clients’ qualities.D. Because it can prove the clients’ innocence.15. What is the general attitude to those who wear glasses for fashion?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. MixedD. Indifferent.【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现戴眼镜和高智商有关，文章还指出有些人只是为了追求时尚而戴眼镜。
高考英语二轮创新复习专题一第四节词句猜测题练习含解析
学习资料高考英语二轮创新复习专题一第四节词句猜测题练习含解析班级：科目：第四节词句猜测题A(2020·石家庄高三阶段检测)Macinley Butson was just 16 years old when she first had the idea to try and protect women from more。
than.necessary radiation during breast cancer treatments—and now,her invention could be a game changer in the medical field.Butson，whose father works in medical physics,has always been interested in science.But she only began researching the side effects of radiation treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatment in his work.Since Butson had also recently lost a relative to breast cancer，she felt inspired to conduct her own research on the subject.She tried to begin her medical research by consulting scientific journals，but she found their academic terms almost impossible to understand.She then turned to the Internet to find videos that taught how to read scientific journals。
2020年高考英语之高频考点解密十五 阅读理解之词义猜测题(含答案)
解密15 阅读理解之词义猜测题词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中必考的题型。
它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。
考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。
【命题趋势】1.要求根据阅读材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识和经验，正确判断生词词组的含义或成熟词在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思。
2.要求猜测词义的词一般为实词及其词组，通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词义的具体内容。
3.代词复指理解题也是猜测词义的常考类型。
用＂逻辑关系梳理法＂、＂递向寻踪法＂理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。
【设问形式】1. The underlined word ＂…＂in the second(third…) paragraph refers to(means) ______.2. By saying that ＂…＂in the first(second…) paragraph, the au thor means that ______.3. In paragraph …, ＂…＂can be replaced by ＂______＂.4. The meaning of ＂…＂in paragraph… is related to ______.5. Which of the following has the closest meaning to…(paragraph…)?6. The underlined sentence in the … paragraph pro bably means that _____.对此类试题，考生应该进行大胆猜测，但这种猜测不是胡乱的，盲目的，而是有一定的方法和技巧。
下面介绍几种常见的猜测词义的方法供同学们加以运用。
一、相似法：利用同义词、近义词（词组）或相似的结构猜测词义。
浙江2020高考英语阅读理解：词义猜测题讲解及选练
浙江2020高考英语阅读理解--词义猜测题讲解及选练（含答案）高考英语阅读理解常考点分析阅读理解试题常采用以下四种题型：1. 考查考生快速捕捉信息、处理信息的能力(细节理解题)；2. 考查考生对某个词或词语的理解能力(词义猜测题) ；3. 考查考生对文章主旨大意或段落大意的概括能力(主旨大意题)；4. 考查考生对文章的隐含意义、延伸意义的推理判断能力(推理判断题)。
【词义猜测题】Ⅰ. 利用同义词或近义词来猜测词义。
有时，为了避免重复，作者会运用不同的词来表述同一意思。
此时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，此时可以从该熟悉的词语或结构中推知生词的含义。
这种情况下，通常在生词和与其同义或近义的词或短语之间有表并列关系的词and或or等。
Ⅱ. 利用反义词或句子中的转折关系猜测词义。
反义词同样能够帮助我们理解生词的含义，像although，but，while，however，otherwise，on the other hand等词或词组通常是反义词线索的标志。
Ⅲ. 根据定义和解释猜测词义。
有些文章中尽管出现了生词，但作者可能会以某种方式对该生词进行解释，如利用means，or，that is to say，that is，in other words，namely等释义性词或短语来进行解释，或利用破折号、同位语、同位语从句、定语从句等来解释。
Ⅳ. 利用举例说明猜测词义。
有时，有些生词没有给出直接的解释，而是在其后举了一些相关的例子进行说明。
我们可以对这些例子进行归纳，即使不能完全猜测出生词的确切含义，也能猜测出其大致意思。
常见的表示举例说明的词和短语有：like，for example，for instance，such as，such ... as等。
Ⅴ. 利用上下文语境猜测词义。
猜测任何一个生词或短语的含义都离不开上下文的语境，此时就要求我们通过上下文来对该生词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。
Ⅵ. 利用词义搭配猜测词义。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
第五讲词义猜测类专项练习【分类真题】(2019年全国卷II.A）My Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series（系列）of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull，are equally fumy and frightening, but they're also aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIt’s about two sisters —Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse "night people" who are hiding secrets.Gone GirlGillian FlynnThere was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable.The StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.21. Who does "I" refer to in the text?A. Stephen King.B. Gillian Flynn.C. Jo Usmar.D. Roald Dahl.【答案】.C【解析】词义猜测题。
本题题干意为：文章中的“I”指的是谁？根据第一段可知本文是作者JoUsmar的书评。
根据Matilda中的“Ionce wrotea paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me...”可知，此处I指的是JoUsmar,故选C项。
其他几项都是文章中提到的几本书的作者。
22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?A. Cosmopolitan.B. Matilda.C. After Dark.D. The Stand.【答案】.C【解析】细节理解题。
本题题干意为：下面哪个选项讲述了Mari和Eri?在文章有关After Dark的书评中，作者介绍了Eri和Mari,因此C项正确。
A项Cosmopolitan是作者介绍JoUsmar时提及的她的一本书。
B项和D项是书评介绍中的两本书。
23. What kind of book is G one Girl?A.A folk tale.B.A biography.C.A love story.D.A horror story. 【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。
本题题干意为：Gone Girl是一本什么样的书？根据文章Gone Girl部分的介绍，尤其是“but the horror story is brilliant"可知，这本书是关于恐怖故事的，故D项正确。
A:民间传说；B:传记；C:爱情故事。
(2019年全国卷I.B）For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is sp eech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But he’s nervous.＂I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…＂Chris trips on the＂-ld,＂a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.＂…Vote for …me …＂Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacherwho lets you make mistakes. ＂It takes a lot for any student,＂Whaley explains, ＂especially for a student who is learning English as thei r new language, to feel confident enough to say, ‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’＂Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves.＂Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,＂Whaley says, ＂is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.＂24. What made Chris nervous？A. Telling a story.B. Making a speech.C. Taking a test.D. Answering a question.【答案】.B【解析】细节理解题。
本题题干意为：什么使Chris紧张？根据第一段第一句（……今天是演讲日，现在轮到Chris Palaez了）和第二段第一句(但是他很紧张）可知，B项正确。
A:讲故事；C:参加考试；D:回答问题25. What does the underlined word ＂stumbles＂in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.【答案】.A【解析】词义猜测题。
本题题干意为：第二段中的画线单词stumbles 指代什么？根据第二段中的“you should...should..."Chris trips on the"-ld,"...可知，他有些发音上的问题。
又根据Except for some stumbles,Chris is doing amazingly well.可知，Chris总体上很好，但是有些不合适的停顿。