过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语详解
过去分词作状语详解一．过去分词作状语的基本用法：过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件；表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
过去分词可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。
例如：1. 原因状语Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
2. 时间状语Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。
Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。
那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3. 条件状语Seen in this aspect, the matter isn’t as serious as people generally suppose.如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意，那次事故就能避免了。
过去分词做状语
某些过去分词（短语）来源于系表结构，有些甚至具有形 容词的特征，因此，虽然它们作状语时与句子主语之间存 在逻辑意义上的主动关系，但仍然用它们的过去分词来作 状语。这类过去分词（短语）常见的主要有：caught in,
devoted to, disappointed at, determined to, dressed in, exhausted，hidden, lost in, prepared for, seated, tired of 等。 Caught in the heavy rain, Jennifer didn’t arrive on time. Disappointed at the examination results, the top student sat there in stony silence. Entirely devoted to the Party, the young soldier gave his life for his country.
√
looking "We can't go out in this weather," said Bob, ________
(look) out of the window. 过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系(被动), 而现在分词 与句子主语构成主谓关系(主动)。
现在分词的时态和语态
主动形式 一 般 式 完 成 式 (not) doing 被动形式 (not) being done
(not) having been (not) having done done
1. Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 2. Not having received his father’s letter, he decided to make a call to him. 3. Having been translated into many different languages, this book become well known all over the world.
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
1. 哎呀，当过去分词表示被动或完成的时候，就可以作状语啦！就像“He was deeply moved by the story.”这里的“moved”就是被故事深深打动呀。
2. 嘿，要是过去分词用来表达原因，那也是很妙的哟！比如说“Frustrated by the failure, he almost gave up.”这“Frustrated”不就是因为失败而沮丧嘛。
3. 哇塞，当过去分词表示时间，这多神奇呀！像“Seen from the top of the mountain, the view is amazing.”看到没，“Seen”就是从山顶被看到那个时间点呀。
4. 哟呵，过去分词表示条件的时候，是不是很有意思呀！例如“If prepared well, you will do great.”这里的“prepared”就是如果准备好这个条件呀。
5. 哈哈，过去分词还能表示让步呢！像“Though beaten many times, he still doesn't give up.”“beaten”就是尽管被打击很多次啦。
6. 哎呀呀，当表示方式或伴随的时候，过去分词也能上呀！比如“She sat there, lost in thought.”“lost”不就是那种伴随的状态嘛。
7. 嘿呀嘿呀，过去分词作状语的时候，可真是变化多端呢！就像“Surrounded by his friends, he feels happy.”“Surrounded”就是周围被朋友围着呀。
8. 哇哦，过去分词这么有用，大家可得好好掌握呀！
总之，过去分词作状语的用法很多，大家要多多练习，才能运用自如呀！。
过去分词作状语
动词-ing或过去分词作状语, 其逻辑 主语应是主句主语。
2. If ___ the same treatment again, he’s sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given
3. _____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the
A. followed C. to be followed
B. following D. being followed
3. The next morning she found the man _A__ in bed, dead.
A. lying C. lay
B. lie D. laying
4. I can hardly imagine Peter _B__ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying
( D)14. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases ________ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known
高考链接
(A)1. _______ more attention, the tree
could have grown better.
A. Given B. To give
C. Giving D. Having given.
(D)2. The computer center, ________ last
过去分词作状语的用法
过去分词作状语(The Past Participle used as Adverbial) 一、过去分词作状语的一般用法1. 过去分词作状语，可以表示时间，原因，条件，让步及伴随情况等。
过去分词作状语，可以表示时间，原因，条件，让步及伴随情况等。
过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，并且必须是被动关系。
过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，并且必须是被动关系。
Asked how he broke into the room, he made no answer. （当有人问他怎么闯进屋里来，他一声不吭。
）_________________________________ When heated ，water will be turned into steam. 水加热后会变成蒸汽。
（表示时间）（表示时间） ___________________________________ Deeply moved by the film , we all cried. 由于被电影深深打动，我们都哭了。
（表示原因）___________________________________ Born into a poor family , he had no more than two years of schooling. 出生于贫苦家庭，他只上了两年学。
___________________________________ Given more help, we could have done the work better. 如果给我们的帮助多一些，我们本来能做的更好。
（条件）___________________________________ Though frightened by the big fire , he stood out bravely. 尽管害怕大火，可他还是勇敢地站了起来。
过去分词作状语
(Because he was caught in a heavy rain)
表示条件,相当于 表示条件 相当于if, unless引导的条件状语 相当于 引导的条件状语 从句
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
7. Unless ___ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited C. being invited B. inviting D. having invited
8. When _____, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 析：正确答案为 A 项。博物馆是被完 工的, 工的 所以该空应填过去分词 completed 作状语。 作状语。
过去分词作状语
过去分词在句中一般能作时间、原因、 过去分词在句中一般能作时间、原因、 时间 条件、让步和方式状语。 条件、让步和方式状语。如： 表示原因，相当于由as, since, 或because 表示原因，相当于由 引导的原因状语从句
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
4._______ (give) more time, I’ll finish my Given work on time. 5. Compared with _________ (develop) developed countries, we still have a long way to go. 6. The English teacher entered the room, _________ (folቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱow) by his students. followed
过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语过去分词作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
掌握其用法应该注意以下几点一、过去分词作状语与状语从句之间的转换1）表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句,为了明确其意义有时可在分词前加上when,while等连词。
如：⑴Asked why she didn’t do it ,she began to cry.=When she was asked why she didn’t do it,she began to cry.当问到她为什么没有做此事时,她开始哭了起来。
⑵Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.=When we see it from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。
2)表示原因，相当于as, since, because引导的原因状语从句。
如：⑴She soon fell asleep, tired by the journey.=Since she was tired by the journey she soon fell asleep.由于旅途劳累，她很快就睡着了。
⑵Born and brought up in the village.=Because he was born and brought up in the village.由于生长在那个村庄，所以他认识那里许多人。
3)表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if, unless 等词。
如：⑴Given half an hour, I can also work out this problem.=If I am given half an hour, I can also work out this problem.如果再给我半小时,我也能解出这道题。
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
过去分词作状语一．过去分词作状语的基本用法：过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件；表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
过去分词可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。
1. 原因状语Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
2. 时间状语Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。
Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。
那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3. 条件状语Seen in this aspect, the matter isn’t as serious as people generally suppose. 如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意，那次事故就能避免了。
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
过去分词作状语一．过去分词作状语的基本用法：过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件；表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
过去分词可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。
1. 原因状语Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
Frightened by the n oise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
2. 时间状语Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。
Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。
那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3. 条件状语Seen in this aspect, the matter isn’t as serious as people generally suppose. 如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意，那次事故就能避免了。
过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。
如：Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。
Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。
②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。
如：Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了，停止了争吵。
Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.受到了讲演的鼓舞，年轻人决定起来从事斗争。
③表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。
如：Given another chance, he will do better.再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。
Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English.和你哥哥相比，你应该更加努力学习英语。
If heated, water can be turned into steam. 水如果被加热，会变成水蒸气。
④表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。
如：Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber.尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。
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非谓语动词:过去分词过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词表示完成或被动,作状语时,表示动作发生的背景或者情况,在意义上相当于一个状语从句,其省略的主语(逻辑主语)就是主句的主语,且与主语之间存在被动关系。
过去分词作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步等。
过去分词的否定式就是将not放在其前面。
一、过去分词作状语时的具体用法:1)过去分词作时间状语时,相当于一个时间状语从句。
有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念、例:1、Asked (When he was asked) what had happened, his face turned red、当她被问及发生了什么的时候,她的脸红了。
2、When heated (When it is heated), water changes into steam、当加热时,水变成水蒸气。
3、Told that his mother was ill(When he was told that his mother was illl), Li Lei hurriedhome quickly、李蕾得知母亲生病了时,马上赶回了家。
4、Seen from the moon(When it is seen from the moon) , the earth looks green、从月亮上瞧时,地球就是绿色。
2)过去分词作原因状语时,相当于一个由as, since, because等词引导的原因状语从句。
例:1、Deeply (Because they were) moved by the movie, the children began to cry、由于被电影深深地感动,孩子们哭了起来。
2、Frightened (Because she was frightened) by the horror movie, the girl didn't dare to sleepalone、因为被惊悚电影吓坏了,这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。
3、Caught in a heavy rain (Because he was caught in a、、、), he was all wet、4、Satisfied with what he did (Because the teacher was satisfied with、、、), the teacherpraised him in class、由于老师对她所做的事情很满意,于就是在班上表扬了她。
3)过去分词作条件状语时,通常放在句子的前面,相当于if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。
例:1、Compared with you (If we are compared) , we still have a long way to go、与您们比起来,我们还有很长的一段路要走。
2、Grown (If these seeds are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast、如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。
3、Given more time (If we were given more time), we would be able to do the work muchbetter、4、Given a few minutes (If I am given a few minutes), I’ll finish it、再给几分钟的时间,我就会完成了4)过去分词作让步状语时,相当于一个以though / although引导的让步状语从句,这类分词或分词短语一般放在句子前面。
例:1、Left (Although he was left) at home, John didn't feel afraid at all、虽然John被单独留在房间里, 她一点都不害怕。
2、Invited by him (Though I was invited by them) , I won’t take part in the party、即使被邀请,我也不会参加聚会的。
3、Explained a hundred times (Although he was explained、、、) , he still can’t understand it、即使给她解释一百篇,她还就是不会明白。
4.Trained ten hours a day (Though he was trained、、、), he will still be a fool、即使每天训练十个小时,她也还会就是个傻瓜。
5)过去分词作状语表方式或伴随状语时不用状语从句替换,但可以改写成并列句。
例:1、She walked out of the house, (and she was) followed by her little daughter、她走出房子,后面跟着她小女儿。
2、(She was) Dressed in white, (and) she looked really pretty、穿着白衣服,她瞧起来确实很美。
3.She sat by the window, (and she was ) lost in thought、二、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别:1)过去分词表完成、被动,与主句的主语之间就是被动关系;现在分词表进行、主动,与主句的主语之间就是主动关系。
试比较:Following the old man, we went upstairs、跟着那个老人, 我们上了楼。
= We followed the old man, and we went upstairs、Followed by the old man, we went upstairs、我们上了楼, 后面跟着那个老人。
= We were followed by the old man, and we went upstairs、Seen from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest、从上面瞧,体育场好像一个鸟巢。
Seeing from space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall、从太空瞧,宇航员瞧不到长城。
2)若分词主语与句中主语不一致,则可以用其她方法来修正。
①用with的复合结构等、②改为相应的状语从句来表达。
③给分词添加自己的主语,构成独立主格结构④改变语态。
例如:完成作业后,孩子们出去踢足球了。
Finished their homework, the children went out to play football、(×)Their homework finished, the children went out to play football、(独立主格)Having finished their homework, the children went out to play football、(现在分词完成形式)With their homework finished(表时间), the children went out to play football、(with的复合结构)After finishing their homework, the children went out to play football、(介词+动名词)例如:当她过马路时,一辆车撞到了她。
误:Crossing the road, a car knocked him down、误:Crossed the road, he was knocked down by a car、正:Crossing the road, he was knocked down by a car、过马路时她被车撞倒了。
正:When he was crossing the road, a car knocked him down、她过马路时车子把她撞倒了。
※注意:分词的独立主格结构的由来解决状语分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致的问题,也可在分词前加一个名词或代词,使之成为分词的逻辑主语。
由于加在分词前的名词或代词要用主格形式,例:He crossing the road, a car knocked him down、The job finished, we went home、工作结束后我们就回家了。
The weather being fine, we went swimming、天气很好,我们就去游泳了。
He being absent, nothing co uldn’t be done、由于她缺席,什么事也干不成。
误:Barking madly,I led the dog out、正:The dog barking madly, I led it out、正:Barking madly,the dog was let out by me、正:Becuase the dog was barkling madly, I led it out、正:With the dog barking madly, I led it out、三、有些过去分词因源于系表结构,已经被形容词化。
故作状语时不表被动而表主动,表示人的状态。
get lost; be lost in(沉溺于); be seated; be compared withbe dressed in; be born; be tired of (厌烦); be tired from be worried about(表状态)be interested in; be moved by; be disappointed at; be surprised at四、选择现在分词还就是过去分词,关键瞧主句的主语。
如分词的动作就是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。
Used for a long time, the book looks old、Using the book, I find it useful、Looking at her, he jumped with joy、Looked at by her, he jumped with joy、五、正如第四点所说,不论就是动词不定式作状语、-ing分词做状语,还就是动词的过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语必须就是句子的主语。
但就是,有一些非谓语动词短语已经游离出来,成为单独的短语,在句子中作状语。