2020考研英语：翻译复习练习句2.doc
2020考研英语英语经典句子翻译
2020考研英语英语经典句子翻译The year 2020 has witnessed an increasing number of students taking the postgraduate entrance examination in China. As one of the most challenging sections of the exam, English translation has always been a daunting task for many candidates. In this article, we will explore some of the classic English sentences that frequently appear in the exam and provide their Chinese translations. By understanding and mastering these sentences, candidates can enhance their translation skills and achieve better scores in the English section of the postgraduate entrance examination.1. "Actions speak louder than words."【中文翻译】事实胜于雄辩。
该句意味着通过行动来证明某种观点或立场比口头表达要更有说服力。
在翻译中，需要注意将“事实”和“雄辩”这两个词的意思准确传达出来。
2. "Knowledge is power."【中文翻译】知识就是力量。
这句话表达了知识对于人的重要性和它所能带来的力量。
在翻译过程中，要确保将“知识”和“力量”这两个词的内涵准确表达出来。
2020考研英语二 翻译真题解析
考研英语二翻译真题、参考答案和来源分析"Sustainability" has become a popular word these days, but to Ted Ning,the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed through every day action and choice.当今，“可持续性”已经成为了一个流行的词语.但是，对特德宁来说，它对这个词有着自身的体会.在忍受了一段痛苦的、难以为继的生活之后，他清楚地认识到，以可持续发展为导向的生活价值必须通过日常的活动和做出的选择表现出来.Ning recalls spending a confusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He'd been through the dot-com boom and burst and, desperate for a job, signed on with a Boulder agency.宁回忆了在上个世纪90年代末期的某一年，他卖保险，那是一种浑浑噩噩的生活.在经历了网络经济的兴盛和衰败之后，他非常渴望得到一份工作，于是和一家博德的代理公司签了合约.It didn't go well. "It was a really bad move because that's not my passion," says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. "I was miserable. I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said,” Just wait, you'll turn the corner, give it some time.''事情进展不顺，“那的确是很糟糕的一种选择，因为那并非是我的激情所在，”宁如是说.可以想象，他这种工作上的窘境是由于销售业绩不良造成的.“我觉得很悲哀.我太担心了，以至于我会在半夜醒来，盯着天花板.没有钱，我需要这份工作.每个人都会说，等吧，总会有转机的，给点时间吧.”原文：原文是来自一份杂志，叫“experience life”，出题人做了部分改动，原文和改动的文章如下：Sustainability has become something of a buzzword(出题人把这个单词改为popular word) these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed through everyday action and choice.Ning, director of LOHAS (Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability), the Boulder, Colo.–based information clearinghouse on sustainable living, recalls spending a tumultuous（出题人把这个词改为了confusing） year i n the late ’90s selling insurance. He’d been through the dot-com boom and bust（出题人似乎把这个词改为burst了） and, desperate for a job, signed on with a Boulder agency.It didn’t go well. “It was a really bad move because that’s not my passion,” says Ning, whose ambivalence about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. “I was miserable. I had so much anxiety that I would pull alongside of the highway and vomit, or wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling.I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, ‘Just wait, you’ll turn the corner, give it some time.’”Ning stuck it out for a year because he simply didn’t know what else to do, but felt his happiness and health suffer as a result. He eventually quit and stumbled upon LOHAS in a help-wanted ad for a data analyst. “I didn’t know what LOHAS was,” he says, “but it sounded kinda neat.” It turned out to be a better fit than he could have ever imagined.At the time, the LOHAS organization did little more than host a small annual conference in Boulder. It was a forum where progressive-minded companies could gather to compare notes on how to reach a values-driven segment of consumers —the LOHAS market — who seemed attracted to products and services that mirrored their interest in health, environmental stewardship, social justice, personal development and sustainable living.In contrast with his disastrous foray into the insurance business, Ning’s new job felt like coming home. Growing up in the foothills of the Rockies outside of Denver, he’d developed a love of the outdoors and a respect for the earth, while his parents provided a model of social activism —the family traveled widely, and at one point his parents created and operated a nonprofit that offered microcredit loans to small businesses in Vietnam and Guatemala. He has three adopted sisters from Vietnam and Korea. He studied international relations and Chinese at Colorado University and slipped easily into the Boulder lifestyle — commuting by bike, eating organics, buying local and the rest —though he stopped short of the patchouli-and-dreadlocks phase embraced by many of his peers. (He opted instead for the university’s ski team and, after graduating, wound up coaching the Japanese development team during the Nagano Olympics in 1998.)From his ground-level job, Ning moved quickly up the ranks in the organization, becoming its executive director in 2006. “When I got the job, LOHAS was a sleepy conference in Boulder,” says Ning. Today, the forum is booming, the organizationis expanding and the market is evolving. Ning has more than grown into the position he stumbled on in the want ads. “I don’t consider this a job. It is really more of a calling.”Ning, 41, coordinates the conference and oversees the organization’s annual journal and Web site (), while compiling research on trends and opportunities for businesses. He also travels the country promoting —and explaining —the LOHAS concept and the burgeoning market it represents.First identified by sociologist Paul Ray in the mid-1990s as “cultural creatives,” the U.S. market segment that embraces LOHAS today has grown to about 41 million consumers, or roughly 19 percent of American adults. But those LOHAS consumers are powerfully influencing the attitudes and behaviors of others (witness the rise of interest in yoga, all-natural products, simplicity and hybrid vehicles). Which is why LOHAS-related products now generate an estimated $209 billion annually.“Over the last two years a green tidal wave has come over us,” says Ning. Riding that wave, says Ning, is not about jumping on a trend bandwagon. It’s connecting with — and acting on —a set of shared, instrinsic values. “People know what is authentic. You can’t preach this lifestyle and not live it,” he says. He and his wife, Jenifer, live in a solar-powered home, raise organic vegetables in their backyard and drive a car that gets 48 miles to the gallon. He even buys carbon offsets to negate the global warming impact of his cell phone.Ning emphasizes that there are many different ways of “living LOHAS.” Ultimately, it’s really about finding a way of life that makes sense and feels good —now and for the long haul. “People are looking internally,” he says, “asking themselves,‘What really makes me happy?’ Is it the fact that I can go out and buy that giant flat-screen TV, or is it that I can have a quiet evening with my family just hanging out and playing a game of Scrabble?”For Ning, it’s a no-brainer. He’ll take Scrabble ev ery time.Laine Bergeson is an Experience Life senior editor.考研英语二翻译真题、参考答案和来源分析Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volumes of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do-rough 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?全球范围内，信息技术行业与航空业产生的温室气体总量相同——约占二氧化碳排放总量的2%，这有谁曾想到过？Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.许多日常工作对环境造成的损失大得惊人.每一次谷歌搜索能释放0.2到0.7克的二氧化碳，这取决于为了获得“正确”答案你试过多少次.为了迅速向用户提供搜索结果，谷歌不得不在世界各地建立大型数据中心，安装一台台强大的计算机.这些计算机不仅产生大量的二氧化碳，还释放大量热能，因此这些数据中心需要良好的空调设备，这甚至会耗费更多的能源.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much to be done, and not just by big companies.然而，谷歌和其他大型技术供应商严密地监控其效果，并做出改进.监控是减排的第一步，仍有太多问题需要解决，并且不只是由大公司来解决.原文：Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of greenhouse gases as the world's airlines do - roughly 2 per cent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2, depending on how many attempts are needed to get the "right" answer. At the upper end of the scale, two searches create roughly the same emissions as boiling a kettle.To deliver results to its users quickly, Google has to maintain vast data centres around the world, packed with powerful computers. As well as producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned - which uses even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers such as BT, IBM, Microsoft and Amazon monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. (Google claims to be more efficient than most.) Recently, industry and government agencies from theUS, Europe and Japan reached an agreement, orchestrated by the Green Grid, an American industry consortium, on how to benchmark the energy efficiency of data centres. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there's much more to be done, and not just by big companies.Simple things - such as turning devices off when they are not in use - can help to reduce the impact of our love affair with all things digital. Research from the National Energy Foundation in the UK found that nearly 20 per cent of workers don't turn their PCs off at the end ofthe day, wasting 1.5 billion kWh of electricity per year - which equates to the annual CO2 produced by 200,000 small family cars.Technology could have a huge role to play in reducing energy consumption - just think of the number of car and bus journeys saved by something as simple as online banking. But the sector must still work harder to get its own house in order.Jason Stamper is NS technology correspondent and editor of Computer Business Review考研英语二翻译真题、参考答案和来源分析When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates.发展中国家的人们若为移民问题操心，往往是想到硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学去创造自己最辉煌的未来.英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国给大学毕业生提供的优惠移民政策，就是为了吸引这部分人群.Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate. A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25. The “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make.诸多研究表明，发展中国家受过良好教育的人才往往可能有移民倾向.2004年，曾针对印度家庭进行过一次大型调查，结果发现，近40%有移民倾向的人受过中学以上教育，而25岁以上的印度人只有约3.3%受过中学以上教育.“人才流失”问题长期以来一直让发展中国家的决策者很苦恼，他们担心这种情况会危及其经济发展，夺去他们紧缺的技术人才，而这些人才本该在他们自己的大学任教，在他们自己的医院工作，为他们自己的工厂研发新产品.原文：WHEN people in rich countries worry about migration, they tend to think of low-paid incomers who compete for jobs as construction workers, dishwashers or farmhands. When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest decamping to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates.Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate. By some estimates, two-thirds of highly educated Cape Verdeans live outside the country. A big survey of Indian households carried out in 2004 asked about family members who had moved abroad. It found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25. This “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make.Many now take issue with this view (see article). Several economists reckon that the brain-drain hypothesis fails to account for the effects of remittances, for the beneficial effects of returning migrants, and for the possibility that being able to migrate to greener pastures induces people to get more education. Some argue that once these factors are taken into account, an exodus of highly skilled people could turn out to be a net benefit to the countries they leave. Recent studies of migration from countries as far apart as Ghana, Fiji, India and Romania have found support for this “brain gain” idea.The most obvious way in which migrants repay their homelands is through remittances. Workers from developing countries remitted a total of $325 billion in 2010, according to the World Bank. In Lebanon, Lesotho, Nepal, Tajikistan and a few other places, remittances are more than 20% of GDP. A skilled migrant may earn several multiples of what his income would have been had he stayed at home. A study of Romanian migrantsto America found that the average emigrant earned almost $12,000 a year more in America than he would have done in his native land, a huge premium for someone from a country where income per person is around $7,500 (at market exchange rates).It is true that many skilled migrants have been educated and trained partly at the expense of their (often cash-strapped) governments. Some argue that poor countries should therefore rethink how much they spend on higher education. Indians, for example, often debate whether their government should continue to subsidise the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), its elite engineering schools, when large numbers of IIT graduates end up in Silicon Valley or on Wall Street. But a new study of remittances sent home by Ghanaian migrants suggests that on average they transfer enough over their working lives to cover the amount spent on educating them several times over. The study finds that once remittances are taken into account, the cost of education would have to be 5.6 times the official figure to make it a losing proposition for Ghana.There are more subtle ways in which the departure of some skilled people may aid poorer countries. Some emigrants would have been jobless had they stayed. Studies have found that unemployment rates among young people with college degrees in countries like Morocco and Tunisia are several multiples of those among the poorly educated, perhaps because graduates are more demanding. Migration may lead to a more productive pairing of people's skills and jobs. Some of the benefits of this improved match then flow back to the migrant's home country, most directly via remittances.The possibility of emigration may even have beneficial effects on those who choose to stay, by giving people in poor countries an incentive to invest in education.A study of Cape Verdeans finds that an increase of ten percentage points in young people's perceived probability of emigrating raises the probability of their completing secondary school by around eight points. Another study looks at Fiji.A series of coups beginning in 1987 was seen by Fijians of Indian origin as permanently harming their prospects in the country by limiting their share of government jobs and political power. This set off a wave of emigration. Yet young Indians in Fiji became more likely to go to university even as the outlook at home dimmed, in part because Australia, Canada and New Zealand, three of the top destinations for Fijians, put more emphasis on attracting skilled migrants. Since some of those who got more education ended up staying, the skill levels of the resident Fijian population soared.1、最困难的事就是认识自己。
2020年考研《英语二》翻译真题(文字版)
2020年考研《英语二》翻译真题（文字版）46. Directions：Translate the following text into Chinese. Yourtranslation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple：The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you'll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you'll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,00 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead begin shopping emotionally - which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.考后注重：>>>2020年考研真题及答案专题>>>2020年考研成绩查询时间及入口专题>>>2020年考研国家线、分数线专题。
考研英语二(翻译)模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语二（翻译）模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.3 billion, which will create a huge market for this new industry.正确答案：在上班时间去厕所一度是偷懒的一种办法，然而一切即将改变。
有数据显示，英国人每天平均查阅移动设备34次。
一旦空下来，人们就会无节制地使用手机。
热衷于充分利用员工这一习惯的精明老板如今给职员们提供特定任务的应用软件，以便他们能随时随地工作。
此举就以提供所谓的生产力“微瞬间”(micro-moments)的方式，催生了一种全新的工作方式。
这是更大趋势的一部分，而这个趋势是随着企业应用软件的兴起而发展起来的。
这些应用软件，即智能手机中与工作相关的应用程序，已经改变了我们私生活的方式。
据报道，明年移动工作者的数量将超过13亿，这将为这一新兴产业创造巨大市场。
解析：1．第一段由两个分句组成。
分句间由分号相隔，但根据上下文可知，它们之间明显包含转折之意，故建议增译“然而”、“但是”这类表转折的连接词。
另外，为了使表达更地道，翻译时某些词语需好好斟酌。
比如，visit the toilet不能简单直译为“拜访厕所”，译成“上(去)厕所”即可；avoid doing work 译为“避开工作”显得生硬，建议可译成“偷懒”。
2．第二段第二句是个结构复杂的长句，翻译的关键是理清句子的结构关系。
该句主句的主干为Clever employers are now providing employees with task-specific apps。
主语employer有两个修饰成分：Clever和keen to make．．．anything to do，第二个修饰语很长，若将它全部套在“老板”前面作定语，会导致译文头重脚轻和表意不清。
此处建议拆分第二个修饰语，将obsessively tapping．．．anything to do独立成句，译作“一旦空下来，人们就会无节制地使用手机”，剩余部分则译作另一句，并用“这一习惯”指代上句所述行为，即译为“热衷于充分利用员工这一习惯的精明老板如今给职员们提供……”。
2020考研英语：英语经典句子翻译(二).doc
2020考研英语：英语经典句子翻译(二) 考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是该注意的，下面由我为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：英语经典句子翻译(二)”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020考研英语：英语经典句子翻译(二)21、Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.理论在本质上是对认识了的现实的一种抽象和符号化的表达。
22、Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live.受当代灌溉(技术设施)之赐，农作物在原来只有仙人掌和荞属科植物才能生存的地方旺盛的生长。
23、The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them.机械计时器的发展促使人们寻求更精确的日晷，以便校准机械计时器。
24、Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.人类学是一门科学，因为人类学家采用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果，而这样记录下来的观测结果是供他人核查的。
25、Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhances soil fertility, and decomposes animal debris.真菌在腐化过程中十分重要，而腐化过程将化学物质回馈于土壤，提高其肥力，并分解动物粪便。
英语二考研翻译练习题
英语二考研翻译练习题英语二考研翻译练习题考研英语二的翻译部分一直是考生们备考的重点和难点之一。
翻译练习题是考生们在备考过程中必不可少的训练工具。
下面将给出一些翻译练习题，希望对考生们的备考有所帮助。
练习题一：中文翻译成英文1. 他是一位著名的科学家，他的研究成果在国际上享有盛誉。
2. 这座城市的发展得益于政府的大力支持和人民的共同努力。
3. 这个项目的成功离不开团队成员之间的密切合作和良好的沟通。
4. 这本书的内容非常丰富，适合各个年龄段的读者阅读。
5. 在这个数字化时代，人们越来越依赖于电子设备来进行工作和生活。
练习题二：英文翻译成中文1. The rapid development of technology has greatly changed people's way of life.2. The government has implemented a series of measures to promote economic growth and improve people's livelihood.3. The company has a strong sense of social responsibility and actively participates in various public welfare activities.4. The conference attracted experts and scholars from different countries to discuss the latest research findings.5. The Internet has greatly facilitated information exchange and communication between people around the world.以上是一些常见的英语翻译练习题，通过这些题目的练习，考生们可以提高自己的翻译能力和应对考试的能力。
2020考研英语：翻译备考练习句(5)
2020考研英语：翻译备考练习句(5)考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：翻译备考练习句(5)”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取的考试资讯!2020考研英语：翻译备考练习句(5)在英语一的复习过程中，同学们的主要误区在于盲目翻译，拿到长难句首先去找句子的主干部分。
可是根据大纲的考情要求，翻译要求150词5句话，那也就意味着平均30词一句话。
考研写作中小作文的字数要求是90-110词，可想而知3句翻译长句即可完成一篇小作文。
所以说翻译重点考察的是长难句。
既然是长难句，盲目找句子主干的行为显然不太合适，那么我们需要一个庖丁解牛的方法，即“十二字原则”：划分结构、逐个翻译、组合整句。
其中划分结构是重要也是关键的一部。
划分结构实际上是为了缩短句子，助力我们找到采分点。
那么如何才能找到采分点呢?首先划分结构需要有一个前提：满足5-15词，且结构独立。
如果结构太短则没有太多断句的要。
了解了这个前提之后先看标点，即逗号、冒号、破折号;如果标点不通用则需要看连词，连词有两种，一种是and ,but,or 引导的并列连词，还有一种是以 which, that 引导的从属连词;接下来看介词，即以of 、with、for、in 引导的介词短语;再往后则是分词，那么分词可以分为现在分词即V-ing 和过去分词 V-ed;最后是不定式，即 V- to do 形式。
到这里为止，划分结构的顺序到此结束。
划分的过程中同学们要注意，按照顺序进行划分，从标点开始看起，依次类推。
下面我们以为例来说明：The United states is the product of two principal forces- the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.第一步：划分结构。
英语考研经典真题句子翻译
英语考研经典真题句子翻译英语考研经典真题句子翻译考研英语作为研究生入学考试中的一项重要科目，对于广大考生来说是一道难以逾越的门槛。
其中，阅读理解部分更是考生普遍认为最具挑战性的一部分。
在阅读理解中，经典真题句子翻译是考生们需要突破的难点之一。
本文将对一些经典真题句子进行翻译，并探讨一些翻译技巧和方法。
1. "It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligentthat survives. It is the one that is the most adaptable to change." - Charles Darwin“生存下来的不是最强壮的物种，也不是最聪明的物种，而是对变化最适应的物种。
” - 查尔斯·达尔文这句话出自查尔斯·达尔文的名言，强调了适应变化的重要性。
在翻译这样的名言时，我们要尽量保持原文的意思和语气，同时注意语言的简洁和流畅。
2. "Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world." - Nelson Mandela“教育是你可以用来改变世界的最强大的武器。
” - 尼尔森·曼德拉这句话出自南非前总统尼尔森·曼德拉的演讲，强调了教育的重要性。
在翻译这样的演讲时，我们要注意保持原文的力量和感染力，同时要注意语言的准确性和表达的清晰度。
3. "The only way to do great work is to love what you do." - Steve Jobs“做出伟大的工作的唯一途径是热爱你所做的事情。
” - 史蒂夫·乔布斯这句话出自苹果公司的创始人史蒂夫·乔布斯的演讲，强调了热爱工作的重要性。
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2020考研英语：翻译复习练习句2考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面由我为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：翻译复习练习句2”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020考研英语：翻译复习练习句221. Interface with the Business Development Support Group to assist in developing strategic communication plans for new business development， working with government relations and protocol specialist in supporting visits from various external stakeholders.?与业务开发支持部门协调，协助制定交际策略方案，开发新业务帮助协调与政府的关系，同礼仪专家一道负责接待与公司有密切关系的外来造访者。
22. External communications experience in a media，corporate or agency setting， knowledge of media and communications vehicles and the fundamental principles of journalism and public relations， successful project management experience， with excellent communication and interpersonal skills.?有在媒体机构、公司或代理机构负责对外交际工作的经验，熟悉各种媒体和交际手段，熟知新闻和公共关系方面的基本原理，具有项目管理的成功经验，具有优良的交际和人际关系处理技能。
?23. In many states this year， budget requests by state universities have had to be scaled back or frozen， while tuition， the share of the cost borne by the students themselves， has gone up–in some cases faster than the rate of inflation.?今年，在许多州，州立大学的预算不得不减少或冻结，而学费––学生所承担的费用––却上升了，在某些情况下上升得比通货膨胀率还要快。
?24. So it was against this backdrop that members of the National Governors Association came together in this New England city this past week to discuss issues of common concern， one being higher education.?所以，正是在这种背景下，全国州长协会在过去的一周里聚集在这座新英格兰地区的城市，讨论他们共同关心的问题，其中之一是高等教育问题。
?25. And the focus of their talks about colleges centered not on how money could be more effectively directed， but how to get greater productivity out of a system that many feel has become highly inefficient and resistive to change.?在大学问题上，他们谈话的焦点不是如何更有效地花钱，而是提高大学体制的效率，许多人感到这个体制效率非常低下，而且变得僵化。
?26. As a result， the governors will embark on a three-year study of higher education systems and how to make state colleges and universities better able to meet the challenges o a global economy in the 21st century.?结果，州长们将对教育体制进行历时三年的研究，研究的目标是如何使州立大学更好地迎接21世纪全球经济领域里的挑战。
?27.“With tuition rising faster than the rate of inflation and students taking longer and longer to finish college， one of these days the public is going tosay，”‘Enough!’“?Pennsylvania Republican Gov. Tom Ridge said.?共和党人宾州州长汤姆&bull里奇说：随着学费比通货膨胀率上涨得快，学生完成大学学业需要的时间越来越长，有一天公众会说：够了!?28. Ridge and his fellow governors came away from the meetings resolute in the belief that higher education needs a fresh look and possibly a major boost in productivity to meet demands of new technologies and a changing work force.?会议结束后，里奇和其他州长们更坚信：高等教育需要革新换面，也许应该重点提高效率，满足新技术和变化的劳动力市场的要求。
?29. Several governors noted that establishment of clearer standards， greater efficiencies in providing services， and more student competency testing might be needed， in addition to curriculum inspection.?几位州长提到，除了审查教学大纲外，也许还应该确立更清楚的标准，提高服务的效率，对学生进行更多的能力测试。
?30. Like our political society， the university is under severe attack today and perhaps for the same reason namely，that we have accomplished much of what we have set out to do in this generation， that we have done so imperfectly， and while we have been doing so， we have said a lot of things that simply are not true.?像我们的政治社会一样，今天的大学正在受到严厉抨击，而且理由也许相同，即：我们这个时代要做的事情已经大都完成，但是我们做得还不尽善尽美，而且，虽然我们做出了一些论断，但我们也说了许多不正确的话。
?31. The university should use one-fourth of a student‘s time in his undergraduate years and organize it into courses which might be called history， and literature and philosophy，and anything else appropriate and organize these around primary problems.?大学应该使本科生花四分之一的时间，学习被称做历史、文学、哲学或其他合适的课程，过这些课程来探讨重大问题。
32. On the other hand， there could be very serious consequences if this knowledge were used intentionally to produce superior and subordinate classes， each genetically prepared to carry out a predetermined mission.?从另一方面讲，如果这种知识被有意识地用来复制优等或劣等群体，天生让这些人来完成某一预定的使命，那就会产生非常严重的后果。
?33. After all， the purpose of education is not only to impart knowledge but to teach students to use the knowledge that they either have or will find， to teach them to ask and seek answers for important questions.?毕竟，教育的目的不仅是传授知识，而且还要教会学生使用已经或将要掌握的知识，教育他们学会提问并回答重大问题。
?34. Many people expect this to change fundamentally the nature of television programming and viewing， from a broadcast medium (dominated by big networks like Britain‘s BBC and ITV and the big US networks， showing a mixture of programme types with something for everyone) to a“narrowcast” medium more like today’s magazines and radio.?许多人预期这将根本改变电视节目安排和收视的本质特征，从一种广播媒体(主宰者是像BBC、ITV和美国的各大电视网络，涵盖每个人所需要的节目类型)变成小范围播送的媒体,更像今天的杂志和收音机一样。