第四讲 汉英句子翻译1
第四章 汉译英的标准及译文
例2. 你们谁想参加春游就在星期五之前报名并交费。 原译：You whoever wants to go spring outing please sign up your name and pay dues before Friday.
译文1：Whoever wants to join the spring outing should sign up and pay the expenses before Friday. 译文2：Those of you who want to go on the spring outing are required to sign up and hand in the payment before Friday. 译文3：If any of you wants to take part in the spring outing, please sign up and pay for it before Friday.
例2. 在战争期间，他私藏了许多珍贵的物品。
In wartime, he accumulated many scarce items. 改译： In wartime, he hoarded many scarce items.
例3I am deeply grieved to hear that your mother kicked the bucket. 改译： I am deeply grieved to hear of your mother’s death.
那男孩大约八九岁。 例6.那男孩大约八九岁。 那男孩大约八九岁
译文： 译文： The boy was about eight or nine years old. 改译： 改译：The boy was eight or nine years old. 他一两个星期后来。 例7.他一两个星期后来。 他一两个星期后来 译文： 译文：He will come after a week or two. 改译： 改译：He will come in a week or two.
新编实用英语综合教程第四汉译英答案
新编实用英语综合教程2第四版汉译英答案Unit 1P141) 你能告诉我在哪儿可以买到口香糖吗？Can you tell me where I can buy some chewing gum?2) 警察想知道她长什么样儿。
The police wanted to know what she looked like.3) 你知道她穿的是什么衣服吗?Do you know what she was wearing?4) 在报告中他们问到银行里有几个监控摄像头。
In the report, they asked how many security cameras there were in the bank.5) 面试官问他已经工作几年了。
The interviewer asked him how many years he had worked.6) 你想知道他什么时候去上海吗?Do you want to know when he will leave for Shanghai?7) 我只是想知道你喜欢什么颜色, 红色还是黄色。
I want to know which color you prefer — red or yellow.填空题1) What’s your guideline in choosing songs for your audience?2) The seminar starts on Friday and the experts will be discussing the impact of technology on the climate in the future.3) Barclays appointed Bob Diamond, the head of its investment-banking business, as its new chief executive from March 2011.4) Frankly speaking, I cannot uphold such conduct. You see, it is aimed only at the personal intere st.5) However, just because you can write statements in purely mathematical notations, this doesn’t mean that you necessarily should.6) That was good timing because his work was influential in shaping the project plan.7) Those studying abroad will most likely return home for better employment because of the tigh t job market abroad.8) It gives me great pleasure to express once again my deep appreciation for the grand reception and generous hospitality we enjoy here.P191) 2) 3) 美国人一般早早就安排好他们的退休生活。
汉英翻译句子翻译PPT课件
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Examples:
长相思 （白居易） 汴水流，泗水流，流到瓜州古渡头。吴山点点愁。 思悠悠，恨悠悠，恨到归时方始休。月明人倚楼。
trans. Everlasting Longing See the Bian River flow, And the Si River flow! By Ancient Ferry, mingling waves, they go, The Southern Hills reflect my woe. My thought stretches endlessly, My grief wretches endlessly, So thus my husband comes to me, Alone on moon----lit balcony. (语音)
Imperatives are sentences which usually have no overt grammatical subject, and whose verb has the base form. They are used to instruct sb. to do sth.
Exclamatives are sentences which have an initial phrase introduced by what or how, usually with subject-verb order. They are used for expressing the extent to which the speaker is impressed by something.
例子：王明是男孩，张薇是女孩，他们都在四班。 （Wang Ming is a boy and Zhang Wei is a girl . Both of them are in Class Four. ）
汉英翻译中的短句翻译
汉英翻译中的短句翻译（实用版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的实用资料，如唯美句子、经典句子、励志句子、名人名言、搞笑说说、个性说说、语录大全、祝福短语、生活短句、其他资料等等，想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor.I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, this store provides you with various types of practical data, such as aesthetical sentences, classic sentences, inspirational sentences, celebrity quotes, funny words, personalized words, quotations, blessing phrases, life sentences, other data, etc. If you want to know different data formats and writing methods, please pay attention!汉英翻译中的短句翻译1. Can't find out the answer.2. My family can trace to 11 century.3. To feed the children is the responbility of the parents.4. Give up the medicine, set about to study the physics.5. Smoke too much will cause the cancer.2.汉英翻译1. Environmental protection, everybody has a responsibility.2.The protection environment protects us.3.The humanity handle kindlies the nature, is handle kindlies oneself4. The environmental protection starts from my side.5. Acquires the macroenvironment consciousness, protects the ecological environment。
大学汉英翻译教程第四章 句子的英译与常用技巧_46
【例3】还有些人不能进领导班子或者不能重用，例如，……革命意 志严重衰退，饱食终日，无所用心的，等等。（邓小平：《邓小平 文选》第二卷）
【例2】科学是老老实实的学学的春天》）
Science means honest, solid knowledge, allowing not an iota of falsehood, and it involves herculean effort and grueling toil.
【例3】所以，人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。 Hence people are all heavily dependent on nature for survival. 【分析】“全都”已经包含了“一致”的意思了，所以，译文 中“一致”并没有再次译出。
【例4】他暗暗下定决心：一定重新做人。 He made up his mind to turn a new leaf in his life. 【分析】“暗暗下决心”不必译成“he made up his mind secretly”,在英文中“make up one’s mind”就可以表达暗暗下 定决心了，如果加上“secretly”反而会让人觉得奇怪。因为下 决心本来就是一种心理活动，所以就不存在“openly”和 “secretly”之分了。
There are also others whom we should not recruit into leading bodies or place in important posts. They include:...and persons whose revolutionary will has waned and who are content to eat three square meals a day and do nothing.
第四课句子解释总结
课文句子解释集合一，句子解释1.Nobody is aware of the chance .be aware of =know realize 知道，意识到be unaware of =don’t know don‘t realize 不知道，没有意识到2.You might be unaware of themHardly ever =seldom 几乎不3.You hardly ever saw computers .4.You seldom saw computers then .be dependent on =depend on5.You are more dependent on computers than you realize .6.I have to depend on the buses.7.You never seem to be short of pocket money .Sb seem to do=It seems that +句子8 They seem to be everywhereIt seems that you never are short of pocket moneyIt seems that they are everywhereputers are probably the best at the moment .6.They rarely give wrong answers .8.They may be better at doing their jobs .3.Children in the past were lucky .puters may be able to do more things than a human brains . puter will make our lives better ..13.He is not well for the time being .15.Most importantly .He is an honest man .语法相关的句子解释1.Lily isn’t as tall as her sister .2.His car isn’t the same as mine .3.Peter likes vegetables better than meat.。
lecture 4 英汉互译教程
3). 他这时已是将近六旬的人，一表人才，高个儿， 眉清目秀，头发又多又黑，略带花白，恰好衬出他 那堂堂的仪表。 He was at this time in his late fifties, a tall, elegant man with good features and thick dark hair only sufficiently graying to add to the distinction of his appearance.
1). In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors.
门口放了一堆雨伞，少说也有十二把，五颜 六色，大小不一。 2）There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met.
英语注重形合，借助连接手段扩展和组合，形成纷繁复 杂的长句；汉语注重意合，结构流散，但语意层次分明。 英语长句的汉译常常要采用分解、拆散和重组的变通手 段进行灵活处理。 Many man-made substances are replacing certain natural materials because either the quantity of the natural product cannot meet our ever increasing requirement, or more often, because the physical properties of the synthetic, which is the common name for manmade materials, have been chosen and even emphasized, so that it would be of the greatest use in the fields in which it is to be applied.
英汉翻译技巧 lecture04转译法
• An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs. • 读一点 读一点世界史，对学习时事是有帮 助的。
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What kind of sailor are you? 你晕不晕船？ （be a bad sailor 晕船； 晕船 be a good sailor 不晕船） Careful comparison of them will show you the difference. 比较一下，你就会发现 只要仔细把它们比较 比较 不同之处。
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• The presence of the Indians here at the time of Columbus’ arrival was sufficient proof of it. • 在哥伦布来到 来到美洲的时候，此地已 来到 已 经有了印第安人，仅凭这个事实， 经有了 就足以证明这一点。
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③ Adjectives into verbs 形容词转译成动词
• 英语中表示知觉、情欲、欲望等心理状态的形 容词，在系动词后作表语用时，往往可转译成 动词。如：confident, certain, careful, cautious, angry, sure, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, glad, dl, anxious等。
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South Africa has refused to heed the legitimate appeal of the United Nations for co-operation. 南非无视联合国要求 要求合作的正当呼吁。 要求 There are stories too of early African voyages to America. 另外，还有一些传说，谈到 谈到非洲人最初航海 谈到 到美洲来的情形.
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第四讲汉英句子翻译(一)第一部分：基本策略一、主语的确定汉语中的一些句子处于句首的并非主语。
例如：1. 以前的功课也许有一大部分是为了这张毕业文凭，不得已而做的，（从今以后，你们可以依自己的心愿去自由研究了。
）You have perhaps finished your college courses mostly for obtaining the diploma, that is, out of sheer necessity. (However, from now on you are free to follow your personal bent in the choice of studies.)2. 这几天心里颇不宁静。
I have felt quite upset recently.当然也可以译成：The last few days have found me very restless.从以上的例子可以看出，要将汉语句子译成英语时如何鉴别、确定主语是一个极为重要的问题。
鉴于汉英语言之间的差别，确定主语时，应遵循以下原则：1. 必须符合英语的语言习惯和英美等国的文化习俗；2. 必须符合英美人的思维方式；3. 必须是句中应该突出的信息；4. 必须符合句中的逻辑关系。
也就是说，处于句首的即使是主语，翻译成英语也不一定是主语，这样的译文才较为地道。
例如：1. 我们的城市在过去的十年里经历了翻天覆地的变化。
The past decade saw great changes of our city.汉语从“城市”着眼，而英语则换个角度用“时间”做主语，这样译文更生动，更符合英语表达习惯。
2. 她从来没想到他是个不诚实的人。
It never occurred to her that he was a dishonest man.汉语原文中的主语是“她”，是行为的主体，这一句子结构反映了中国人的思维方式。
在英语译文中，主语被译成“It”, 看似风马牛不相及，其实这是西方人的思维方式：这种念头从来没有闪过她的脑际。
这是西方人比较重视客观事实的例证之一。
同时，译文这样处理重点突出了“她”对“他为人不诚实”这一点而感到惊奇。
3. 我给你打国际长途就跟给楼下的李姐打电话差不多，一拨就通。
An international phone call to you is as easy as a call to Sister Li downstairs.原文的主语是“我”，而译文的主语则是“an international phone call”。
因为“国际长途电话很方便”在原文中是非常重要的信息，译文中应该放在突出的位置，而且“an international phone call”作主语可以使后面的谓语更为洗炼、简洁，也更符合英美人的表达习惯。
4. 宗教不得干预政治。
It is impermissible to interfere with politics in the name of religion.宗教本身不会发出动作干预政治，是人们/团体以宗教的名义对政治进行干预。
因此，若译为：Religion must not interfere with politics .就不符合原句中的逻辑意义了。
5. 汉字在历史上有过不可磨灭的功绩。
* Chinese characters have made indelible contributions in history.The system of Chinese characters has played an invaluable role in the history.此例是汉语中常见的拟人法语言。
拟人法的现象在汉语中常见；在英语中，多数情况下，是视为修辞上的一种毛病（不符合逻辑事实）。
因此在汉英翻译中要注意这个区别，避免受汉语字面的影响而使译文有Chinglish的味道。
6. 我们恢复和采取这些贸易方式的原因很简单：因为我们出口商品就是为了我们国外客户消费方面的需要。
*The reason for us to restore and adopt these trade practices is very simple because our export commodities are for the use and consumption of our foreign customers.The reason why we have restored and adopted these trade practices is very simple .Our export commodities are for the use and consumption of our foreign customers.汉语“……的原因是因为……”，不能译成the reason is ……because……,不符合英语逻辑。
the reason why……是地道的英语。
所以，针对中英文逻辑上的不同，翻译时行文要及时变通。
7. 笆，用竹子、柳条等编成的一种东西。
Ba is something made of bamboo or willow branches.对中国人来说，该汉语句子根本不成问题，因为整体印象是对的；但是译成英语，除了要注意“等” 此处表示“列举后煞尾”，而不是“列举未完” 之外，还必须分析：“竹子”和“柳条”是并列关系，还是选择关系？换句话说，“笆”是用“竹子”和“柳条”一起编的，还是编一物时只选其一？由于只能是后者，英语就要用or；若用and 就不对了。
二、主语与谓语的习惯搭配有些动词，在汉语里只能用于人，而在英语里，既可用于人，也可用于物。
如：汉语的“目睹”，我们只能说人“目睹”，不能说物“目睹”；而英语的see ,witness ,或escape，既可以用于指人，也可以用于物。
例如：罗马遭遇了历史上的大事件：Rome witnessed great historic events.再如：1. 我没注意到这个错误。
The mistake escaped me (or my notice).2.这个运动首先在天津开始。
Tianjin first saw the rise of the movement.但有些动词，在汉语中既可用于人也可用于物，而在英语中则只能用于物，不能用于人。
遇到这种情况，在汉译英时，我们可以采取改变谓语动词或改变主语的方法。
例如：3. 蹲在池塘边苇丛中的青蛙叫得更起劲了。
*The frogs that sat among the reeds by the pond were shouting more enthusiastically than before.The frogs that crouched among the reeds by the pond were croaking more vigorously than before. “蹲”“叫”、在汉语中既可用于人也可用于动物，但是英语“sat, shouting” 与主语frogs搭配不当；动词crouch (lower the body by bending the knees), croak (frog makes the deep low noise)，用于指动物的行为。
4. 上海港不断更新设备，这个港口的生产已经面目一新。
*Now the production at this port has taken on a new look, as the workers of Shanghai port has constantly replaced old equipment with new.The workers of Shanghai port have constantly replaced old equipmentwith new and expanded its handling capacity.港口的装卸工作并不能“produce things ”，只是“move them”。
此例说明，有时我们通过改变原文主语的方法来使译文的主语与谓语搭配。
5. 任何新生事物的成长都是要经过艰难曲折的。
New things always have to experience difficulties and setbacks as they grow.此句把原文主语的定语作为译文的主语。
6. 他眼明手快。
*His eyes are bright and his hands are quick .（不符合英文逻辑）He is quick of eye and deft of hand.7. 这篇文章浅显易懂。
*This article is obvious and easy. （不符合英文逻辑）This article is easy to read and understand.8. 我对他敬而远之。
*I stand afar from him.I stand aloof from him.英语afar（far off）表达空间上的距离；而aloof (distant in feeling) 指情感上的远离，语义更准确。
三、词的增减1. 词的增补如前所述，汉语属意合语言，英语属形合语言。
汉译英时须把汉语中无需用而英语中却不可少的词增补出来。
1）增补结构词：连词，介词，代词（尤其是物主代词），冠词等群众心齐了，一切事情都好办。
When the masses are of one heart, everything becomes easy.我们应当逐步消灭城乡差别。
We should gradually eliminate the differences between town and country.她用手蒙住脸，好像是为了保护眼睛。
She covered her face with her hands, as if to protect her eyes.2) 为了使译文意思明确，增补实义词等要提倡顾全大局。
We should advocate the spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration.结婚大办宴席，实在可以免去了。
The practice of giving lavish feasts at weddings can well be dispersed with.三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。
Three cobblers with their wits combined are superior to Zhuge Liang the master mind.2．词的省略1）省略重复词：汉语结构词（虚词）用得少，但为了讲究句子的平衡、气势、韵调等，常常重复实词——名词、动词、形容词等；而英语恰恰相反：一般来说，结构词不能少，实词却很少重复。