主语从句、同位语从句
高中英语知识点归纳同位语从句与主语从句的区别
高中英语知识点归纳同位语从句与主语从句的区别同位语从句与主语从句是英语语法中的两个重要概念。
虽然它们在形式上相似，但在用法和语义上却有着明显的区别。
本文将对同位语从句和主语从句进行比较，以帮助高中英语学习者更好地理解和运用它们。
一、同位语从句的定义和用法同位语从句是一个从句，用来补充或解释前面的名词或代词。
它通常用来对该名词或代词进行说明、加强或者解释。
同位语从句一般由连词"that"引导，但在口语中，可省略该连词。
同位语从句常见的结构如下：1. The fact that...例如：I am aware of the fact that he is leaving.2. The news that...例如：I am excited about the news that we won the competition.3. The idea that...例如：She has a strong belief in the idea that honesty is the best policy.同位语从句与前面的名词或代词之间构成同位关系，它们在句子中的地位相当。
同位语从句可以出现在复合句中的任意位置。
二、主语从句的定义和用法主语从句是一个从句，用来充当句子的主语。
它通常以连词"that"或连接代词"who, what, where, when, why, how"引导。
主语从句的常见结构如下：1. That...例如：That he is late is not surprising.2. Who...例如：Who will come to the party is uncertain.3. What...例如：What they did yesterday shocked me.主语从句通常位于句子的开头，作为整个句子的主语，它与谓语动词之间构成主谓关系。
主语从句和同位语从句
A 4.The news _____ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view ___ C the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that C some American 6.Word has come _____ guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether C. that D. which
特殊句式
1.I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full．（MET98） A. it B. that C. these D. them 2. I feel ____ strange that he should be so careless. A. / B. it C. that D. how
不含有疑问意义，而_____ what 在从 句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。
Practice
I. Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences 说出下列从句的功能：A: Appositive（同位语）; B: Attributive（定语） 1. His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable. 2. Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online. 3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom. 4. Do you have any idea where we will be sent? 5. Is this the company where your father works? 6. This is the reason that he gave for his absence. 7. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.
主语从句与同位语从句详解
【主语从句】主语从句是指在句子中做主语的从句。
引导主语从句的词有连词that，whether；连接代词who，what，which以及其强调形式whoever，whatever，whichever；连接副词when，where，how，why等。
例如：That she was able to come made us very happy．Whether she will come or not is still a question．What we need is more time．Where she has gone is a mystery．在主语从句中，为了保持句子的平衡，我们常常把主语从句后置，而以形式主语it代替。
例如：That he misunderstood me is obvious．通常说成：It is obvious that he misunderstood me．When the plane is to take off has not been announced．通常说成：It has not been announced when the plane is to take off．引导主语从句位于句首的连词不能用if，可以使用whether。
例如：If he comes or not doesn’t matter．应该为：It doesn’t matter if he comes or not．或Whether he comes or not doesn’t matter．that引导的主语从句放在句首时，that不能省略。
例如：That he was chosen made us very happy．注意这种结构构成的一些常见句型，如：It is said / reported that …．据说/据报道……。
It must be pointed out that …．必须指出的是……。
高中英语2024届高考名词性从句知识分类讲解(主语从句+宾语从句+表语从句+同位语从句)
高考英语名词性从句知识讲解名词性从句是指在复合句中起名词作用的句子，功能相当于名词词组。
名词性从句在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，根据在句中的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句【定义】在复合句中，作主语的句子称为主语从句。
常见的连接词：（连接词在句中不能省略）that, whether, who, what, whatever, whoever, where, when, why, how等。
【用法】1.连接词 that 引导That we should learn English well is very important.主语从句中 we should learn English well句子完整，不缺成分，用that引导，that 不能省连接词whether，if 引导whether 引导的主语从句可放句首，也可放句中，表“是否”if 引导的主语从句只能引导动词后的宾语Whether I will go or not depend on the weather.It remains to be seen whether / if they can finish the task in time.2.连接代词what, who, which, whose, whatever, whichever，whoever等引导What matters most is your attitude.3.连接副词when，where，why，how等引导How he made it is still unknown.4.it作形式主语为了避免句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在句首，真正的主语放在句子后面。
常见句型：(1) It is + n.+ that + 句子It is +（a pity / a shame / a fact …）+ that ...(2) It is + adj.+ that + 句子It is +（true / clear / important …）+ that ...(3) It is + 过去分词 + that + 句子It is+ said / announced / expected / believed / hoped… + that ...(4) It seems /appears / happens / turned out that + 句子(5) It hit sb./occurred to sb.that + 句子二、宾语从句【定义】在复合句中，作宾语的句子称为宾语从句。
句子做主语是什么从句结构类型
句子做主语是什么从句结构类型句子作为主语在语文学习中是一个重要的语法现象。
句子作为主语通常被称为主语从句，它的语法结构类型有很多。
在这篇文章中，我们将探讨有关句子做主语时的从句结构类型以及三个具体的例子。
一、什么是主语从句？主语从句是作为主语的从句，它通常由“that”“whether”“if”等引导词引出。
这种从句通常是复杂句的形式，它的语法结构比较复杂。
主语从句通常出现在主语部分，在句子中很常见。
二、主语从句的结构类型主语从句的结构类型有三种，分别是“同位语从句”、“名词性从句”和“特殊疑问句从句”。
1.同位语从句同位语从句是主语和补语中间的一个从句，它解释或指明主语或补语的内容，并且表示在数量、性质、名称、时间、地点和状态等方面解释或说明主语的内容。
同位语从句通常出现在主语中，下面是一个例子：即使父母不同意，我还是会去旅行。
In spite of the fact that my parents don't agree, I will still travel.在这个例子中，“即使父母不同意”是同位语从句，它修饰主语“我”。
2.名词性从句名词性从句也称为“宾语从句”、“主语从句”或“表语从句”，它是一个从句，作为一个名词，可以作为宾语、主语或表语出现在句子中。
通常由“that”“whether”“if”等引导词引出。
下面是一个例子：他怀疑他的女友欺骗了他。
He doubts whether his girlfriend cheated on him.在该例中，“是否他的女友欺骗了他”是名词性从句，它作为整个句子的主语。
3.特殊疑问句从句特殊疑问句从句也称为“疑问代词从句”，它通常由“what”“where”“who”“when”“why”等引导词引出，表示特殊的提问形式。
特殊疑问句从句通常修饰一个名词，也可以作为整个句子的主语。
下面是一个例子：谁能告诉我他的名字？Who can tell me his name?在该例中，“谁能告诉我他的名字”是特殊疑问句从句，它作为整个句子的主语。
英语八大从句类型与用法总结 有哪些从句
英语八大从句类型与用法总结有哪些从句英语有六种从句类型，分别是主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句。
英语八大从句类型与用法总结有哪些从句1英语从句类型主语从句用作主语的从句叫主语从句。
引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。
表语从句用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词很多都一样。
宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
同位语从句是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一，从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释，相当于一个表语从句，它们之间的关系就是同位关系，即主表关系。
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
状语从句可分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句、结果状语从句。
2英语从句用法1.主语从句1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。
常见的句型有：2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。
3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。
2.宾语从句1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。
连词that常可省略。
介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。
in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that 引导的宾语从句。
主语从句和同位语从句的区别_文档_(2)
定语从句同位语从句和主语从句的区别一.引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as；关系副词有when, where, why。
关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。
关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。
关系代词的选用，受下列条件的制约：(1) 要看先行词是指人还是指物，(2) 要看关系代词在从句中句法功能，(3) 要看定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的。
指人指物指人或指物主语who which that宾语whom which that谓语whose whose (of which)That 只能用在限定性定语从句中，而who, whom, which, which 既可用于限定性定语从句中，也可用于非限定性定语从句。
I know that he is a man who means what he says. =I know that he is a man that means what he says. 【我知道他是一个守信用的人。
】The gentleman whom she met addressed her with courtesy. =The gentleman （that）she met addressed her with courtesy. 【她遇到的那位先生很有礼貌地向她打了招呼。
】The watch which was lost has been found. =The watch that was lost has been found. 【丢了的表找到了。
】You are the only one whose advice he might listen to. 他也就是听你的话吧。
关系副词的选用相对来说比较简单，如果先行词是表示时间的名词，如time, day 等，则用when, 如先行词为表示地点的名词，如place, house, area 等等，则选用where。
主语从句和同位语从句
主语从句和同位语从句接下来说说同位语从句。
这个小家伙就像一个搞笑的配角，负责解释主句中的名词。
举个例子，“The fact that he didn’t come is disappointing.” 这里的同位语从句“that he didn’t come”就像给“the fact”加了个注释，哎呀，这小子没来，真是让人心凉。
这种用法特别实用，听起来既正式又不失亲切感。
日常生活中，咱们常常会用这样的结构，比如说：“The idea that we should go hiking sounds great.” 你看，这时候“that we shouldgo hiking”就帮我们解释了“idea”是啥。
所以呢，主语从句和同位语从句，简直就是英语世界里的调味品，没有它们，句子就淡了。
这就好比一碗白开水，加点盐、加点酱油，瞬间就鲜活起来了。
想想你平常跟朋友聊天，聊着聊着突然冒出一句“我跟你说啊，昨天我看到的那个事情...”这时候的“那个事情”如果不加点解释，可能就会变成“什么事情”，让人摸不着头脑。
主语从句和同位语从句就能解决这个问题，让沟通更顺畅。
再说了，英语这门语言，真是个五彩斑斓的世界。
主语从句和同位语从句各有各的用处，想要玩转它们，得先了解它们的性格。
你可能会一脸懵逼，觉得怎么这些从句会如此复杂，但只要稍微琢磨琢磨，就会发现它们的可爱之处。
就像人类的性格，每个人都有独特的一面，得好好去了解才能真正懂得。
比如，你跟朋友聊到一个很有趣的事情，“The idea that we can travel next summer is exciting!” 这句话不仅传达了兴奋的情感，还通过同位语从句解释了这个“idea”是什么。
说到这里，有没有觉得英语学习也挺有趣的？特别是当你能熟练运用这些句子的时候，那种成就感真是无法用言语形容。
有时候啊，英语学习的过程就像攀登一座山，起初你可能觉得艰难无比，心里想着“我真的能做到吗？”但当你一步步走上去，看到越来越多的风景，心里那种激动真是无与伦比。
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2010高一语法学案（五）主语从句、同位语从句主语从句1、概念名词性从句在一个句子中充当_____的时候, 我们称之为主语从句.2、连词主语从句连词的选择遵循下列规则：(1). 从句意思完整，不缺成分用______(2). 表示是否，用______(3). 若主语从句句意不完整，且不表是否，此时应根据______，选用______注意：主语从句可以由that引导。
引导词that在主语从句中不作任何成分，也没有中文意义。
当主语从句位于句首时，that不能省略。
3、如果主语很长，常用以“it”作形式主语的结构That English has been accepted as an international language is a fact._____________________________________________________________________*常见的it作形式主语的结构:1) It + be +adj.+ that 从句2) It + be + said/believed/known +that从句3) It + seems/happens/appears +that 从句4) It+ be + a pity/fact +that从句5) It+ matters a lot that6) It occurs to/strikes sb. that* necessary, important, natural, essential, strange, advisable, surprising, interesting, etc. + 虚拟语气It is strange that you should like him.*句型It is/was reported (said, known, claimed, etc.)还可以改成单句形式：主语+ be + V-ed + to doIt is said that the memorial hall can seat an audience of 5,000.The memorial hall _____________ an audience of 5,000.It is reported that an earthquake occurred in Gansu Province this year.An earthquake _____________ in Gansu Province this year.*It is/was suggested / advised / demanded /ordered / requested etc.+ that cl. (should do) It is ordered that the books ______ (send) at once.4、主语从句作主语谓语动词多用单数When and why Jack came to Shanghai is not known.5、由疑问词引导的主语从句要保持陈述语气What we should do before the meeting is not clear.6、区分whoever/who______ is going to do the job is not known.______ breaks the law will be punished.操练：1. _____ the attack will begin will depend on the general.2. _____ your son will enter Yale University or Harvard University is for your husband todecide.3. _____ will be in charge of our school hasn’t been decided.4. _____ long the tree has lived is still unknown to us.5. It is pretty well understood _____ controls the flow of the carbon dioxide in and out of theatmosphere.6. _____ offers the clue to the case to police will be rewarded.7. It remains unseen _____ this new type of medicine will take effect.8. _____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from onerespect.9. It is not immediately clear _____ the financial crisis will soon be over.10. _____ follows is the list of goals for salt reduction for our typical dieter.同位语从句1、同位语的概念形如n1, n2的结构，我们将n2称之为n1的同位语。
e.g. Tom, our monitor, was ill yesterday.Shanghai, a modern city, has a long history.2、同位语从句同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。
同位语从句和前面的名词在内容上是同一关系。
3、可用于同位语从句的常见名词有：•advice, announcement, answer, belief•chance, conclusion•demand, doubt, decision, evidence, explanation•fact, feeling•hope, idea, information, impression•message, news•order, opinion•problem, promise、proposal, possibility•question•request, report, rumor•suggestion, thought, truth•wish, word ,warninge.g.1) The news that we won the game is exciting.2) None of us thought of the possibility that the car might run out of petrol during our trip.3) We had to face the fact that the nearest petrol station was 15 miles away.4、同位语从句连词的选择(1) 若同位语从句意义完整，通常由that引导，且that 不能省略。
(2) 如果句子的意思不完整，需添加“是否”，“什么时候”，“什么地方”，“什么方式”等含义时，则用whether, when, where, how 等疑问词引导同位语从句。
如：1) They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.2) The problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.3) I have no idea where he lives.5、有时，为了保持句子的平衡，同位语从句可以不紧跟在它修饰的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。
•The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.•His dream came true that he would become a world famous footballer.请识记下列常见的同位语从句分离结构•Word came that…•Evidence came up that…• A story goes that…•Information has been put forward that…6、在suggestion, order, demand, request, proposal 等名词后的同位语从句中，从句的谓语动词应该用虚拟语气，即（should）+ v原(1) He made a suggestion that we (should) have a football match.(2) Mary refused Tom’s proposal that a meeting ____ (hold) at the end of the month.7、区分同位语从句与定语从句注意：同位语从句和定语从句的区别是：前者说明名词的内容，后者说明名词的性质特征；前者所用连词that在从句中不做成分，后者所用关系代词that在从句中做成分。
前者的that不能省略，后者的that如在从句中充当宾语时可以省略。
(1) The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.(2) The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.(3) The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.(4) The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn somethingpractical.完成下列同位语从句1. 他还没有做出决定是否去那里。
He hasn’t made the decision ________.2. 我们做出决定：我们必须立即行动。
We came to the decision ________.3. 他提议会议延期。
He made a proposal ________.4. 他幸存的希望很小。
There was little hope ________.5. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。