（完整版）高考阅读理解题型-观点态度题详解及练习
2020高考英语阅读理解解题技巧专项突破五：阅读理解专题之观点态度题(含答案)
专题 5 阅读理解专题之----观点态度题【设问形式】1）The attitude of the author towards.... is____?2）What’s the author’s opinion on/towards...?3）What does... think about...?4）What is...’s attitude towards...?......【考查方式】观点态度题是高考阅读理解的常考点。
考查学生把握作者及文中人物的态度、思想倾向。
对某观点是赞成、反对还是犹豫不决；对记述描写的人或事等是赞扬、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨等态度。
考生需要关注文章的字里行间和体现情感态度的修饰词来推断作者及文中人物的态度、思想倾向。
在阅读理解中,对于观点态度类的推断题，常常采用关键词句法。
首先通读全文或全段,理解文章或段落的内容和中心思想。
然后，抓住体现人物观点态度的关键句或列举的事例，同时注意流露作者思想倾向或感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词等关键词。
常见的涉及作者态度的词有支持或肯定类词( approving, positive, optimistic, concerned, supportive, favorable, sympathetic, appreciative等)，反对或否定类词( critical, negative, pessimistic, doubtful, suspicious, worried, disapproving, gloomy, disappointed, questioning等)和中立类词( indifferent, uncaring, objective, uninterested, cautious, unconcerned, uncertain, ambiguous, neutral等)。
因此学生在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞,尤其注意那些表达感情色彩的影容词，如improving, encouraging, disappointing 等，以及作者对人物语言行为和思想的措写,从中领悟作者的写作态度。
(完整版)英语阅读理解推理判断之观点态度题
英语阅读理解推理判断之观点态度题真题感悟：(2018·浙江，C)As cultural symbols go，the American car is quite young.The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago，with the first rolling off the assembly line(装配线) on September 27,1908.Only eleven cars were produced the next month.But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.Modern America was born on the road，behind a wheel.The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture：the roadside diner，the billboard，the motel，even the hamburger.For most of the last century，the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds.The road novel，the road movie，these are the most typical American ideas，born of abundant petrol，cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system，the largest public works project in history.In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then，this society has moved onward，never looking back，as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster.In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.The problems of excessive(过度的) energy consumption，climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L．Friedman.He fears the worst，but hopes for the best.Friedman points out that the green economy(经济)is a chance to keep American strength.“The ability to design，build and export green technologies for producing clean water，clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”30．What is Friedman’s attitude towards America’s future?A．Ambiguous. B．Doubtful.C．Hopeful. D．Tolerant.一、题型解读所谓作者的观点和态度，就是表达作者对某个话题、行为、事件的看法、感觉或判断。
阅读理解专题5观点态度B(有答案解析)
阅读理解专题五阅读下列短文或短文片段，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案或可以填入空白处的最佳答案：AEver since Donald Trump was elected the next president of the US, the entire Trump family has been put under a microscope.In China, the spotlight has been mainly focused on Trump and his daughter Ivanka. She is described on WeChat as an extremely influential role model with stunning beauty, a successful career, and a happy family.She leads a dream life that a million girls would kill for. Yes, she was born with a silver spoon in her mouth. But she got where she is by herself.There’s always going to be articles that say people born into wealthy families are better looking and have a better family background than you, but these people do work harder than you.Are you a loser if you were raised in an ordinary family? Should you feel guilty that you sleep eight hours a day because Ivanka sleeps five? If you just want to keep a stable nine-to-five job, does it mean you are not ambitious? How about if you don’t work out or eat healthy, does that mean you will not find your Mr. or Miss Right?There is a tendency in media nowadays to encourage elitism(精英主义).They are trying to brainwash young people into thinking that they should invest an enormous amount of time and money in bodybuilding and appearance enhancement, even plastic surgery. They encourage lifestyle makeovers: wine tasting classes and expensive trips overseas. They make you believe that if you do as they say, you can improve the quality of your life and join the elites.But what’s the downside of being ordinary? Do you really need to go to the gym five days a week unless you are a gym maniac(热衷者)? Do you need to take hundreds of selfies and Photoshop the selected ones to post on WeChat? Do you really need to break your neck and sacrifice to earn your first pot of gold only to worry constantly about how to enter high society later?Don’t let the idea of elitism get to you. Everybody has a right to the life they want. Human beings should not be judged as a success or failure based on whether they are a part of the elite or not. As long as you lead a happy and comfortab le life, why bother to chase after other people’s shadows? Choose your own life path and go for it.1. Which attitude towards life would the writer probably agree with?A. Life is like a dogsled team. If you aren’t the lead dog, the scenery never change s.B. There is only one success — to be able to spend your life in your own way.C. Life consists not in holding good cards but in playing those you hold well.D. The greatest lesson in life is to know that even fools are right sometimes.BHalf a year ago I came across a book called "Salt, Sugar and Fat. How the Food Giants Hooked US", but finished it only recently. I am far from being a fan of junk food, over-salty, or over-sweet stuff, and honestly this food doesn’t appeal to me at all. Mayb e it is related to the fact that I grew up in Russia and at that time we were not so exposed to the foreign, especially made in America foods. We knew Coca Cola, Pepsi, juice powder and Cheetos, but this stuff was not so cheap or available to buy it every day and we couldn’t buy them in large quantities. We didn’t know the word "fat" was not a bad thing but a normal of life for some people. We always had sweets and especially on holidays they were served as a dessert along with a cake. Russians like eating sweets when they drink tea. Even with my passion to desserts I still can’t relate myself to the people Michale Moss was writing about, those consumers who could not say "no" when it came to junk food.What I found interesting in the book was that the au thor didn’t focus on diets, necessity to exercise, sleep well at night and all other things we all are pretty aware of. The aim was not to teach people how to live but instead, after having made a huge research, interviewed more than 100 people in the food industry, Moss reveals the ugly of the food business. It puts all the facts in front of us and offers a choice: to buy or not to buy. However, the answer was known at the very beginning. Moss mentions the well-known food like Coca, Cola, Pepsi, Nestle and some others and tells how skillfully the consumers can be cheated when it comes to choosing what to put in the food basket in the supermarket. We like this taste of a chocolate, the crispy chips, and sweet porridges because it was all put on test by groups of scientists who made experiments to reveal what kind of taste will be most appealing to us. It involves brain, of course. Apart from scientific researches, it was also due to successful marketing strategies and plans that people prefer to buy food.In this companies’ money race, the most vulnerable(易受伤害的)victims are kids. They can’t tell good from bad and love everything that makes them feel good. Commercial ads of fast food particularly targeted kids and played on the fact that mothers can’t fully control what their children eat because they spent all day at work. Mothers themselves buy chocolates bars and com flakes for their kids, guided by a powerful brainwashing that actually, these products were not unhealthy, on the contrary, it was encouraged to give them to kids, because fat and sugar provide energy, so they are good, right?Giving a credit to some food companies, they made attempts to fight the trend, but consumers, who already worked a habit of eating too salty, too fatting and too sweet products, didn’t react to the changes. So the companies returned to the old policy. Surprisingly, such behavior was strongly backed up by the government.I would definitely recommend reading this book not only to those who struggle in the battle with his addiction to fast food but also people living healthily. It casts light on many things, including how vulnerable we can be in front of corporations and their powerful and accurate marketing strategies.2. What is the author’s attitude towards the government?A. objectiveB. supportiveC. positiveD. negativeCAbout a quarter of the world drives on the left, and the countries that do are mostly old British colonies(殖民地) like Australia, and Ireland. But Thailand, Indonesia and Japan also do so.This strange quirk(奇事) puzzles the rest of the world; however, there is a perfectly good reason. Up to the late 1700’s, everybody travelled on the left side of the road because it’s the most sensible option for feudal(封建的), violent societies with mostly right-handed people. Soldiers with their swords under their right arm naturally passed on each other’s right, and if you passed a stranger on the road, you walked on the left to ensure that your protective sword arm was between yourself and him.Revolutionary France, however, overturned this practice as part of its sweeping social rethink. A change was carried out all over continental Europe by Napoleon. It changed under Napoleon because he was left-handed. His armies had to march on the right so he could keep his sword arm between him and any opponent. From then on, any part of colonized by the French travelled on the right.After the American Revolutionary War (1775—1783), the US became independent and decided to make traffic drive on the right in order to cast off all remaining links with its British colonial past. As America became the center of the car industry, if you wanted a good reliable vehicle, you bought American right-hand-drive cars. From then on, many countries changed out of necessity.Today, the EU would like Britain to fall into line with the rest of Europe, but this is no longer possible. It would cost billions of pounds to change everything round. The last European country to change driving on the right was Sweden in 1967. While everyone was getting used to the new system, they paid more attention and took more care, resulting in a reduction of the number of road accidents.3. What was Napoleon’s attitude to walking on the left?A. Support.B. Disapproval.C. Doubt.D. Sympathy.DNo one would much like the idea of eating 61 pounds of tomatoes a day. But if their goodness was put into an easy-to-swallow pill that you were told might prevent strokes(中风) and heart attacks you would probably be putting in an order tomorrow.Researchers believe they may have come up with just that after trials. The daily pill contains a chemical called lycopene which makes tomatoes red and is known to break down fat in the vessels(血管). A Cambridge University study found taking the pills improved blood flow and the lining of vessels in patients with pre-existing heart conditions. It also increased the flexibility(灵活性) of their vessels by 50 percent. The scientists believe it could limit the damage caused by heart disease—responsible for 180,000 deaths a year—and help cut the 49,000 deaths a year from strokes. They also hope it could benefit those with arthritis(关节炎), diabetes(糖尿病) and even slow the progress of cancer.Each pill is equal to eating around 61 pounds of ripe tomatoes. Studies have shown eating a Mediterranean-style diet rich in tomatoes, fish, vegetables, nuts and olive oil can significantly reduce cholesterol(胆固醇) and help prevent cardiovascular disease.Preliminary results from a two-month trial, in which the pill was given to 36 heart disease patients and 36 healthy volunteers with an average age of 67, were presented at a meeting of the American Heart Association. It was shown to improve the function of the endothelium- the layer of cells lining blood vessels. It also improved their sensitivity to nitric oxide, the gas which causes the enlargement of the vessels in response to exercise.Ian Wilkinson, head of Cambridg e University’s clinical trials unit, said “These results are potentially very significant and it meets the goal, but we need more trials to see if they translate into fewer heart attacks and strokes.”Further studies are planned, with researchers hoping it could offer a choice for heart disease sufferers who can not take the cholesterol-lowing drugs.Mike Knapton, head of the British Heart Foundation, said, “Although this showed lycopene improved blood flow in people with heart disease, that’s a lon g way from demonstrating that taking it could improve outcomes for people with heart disease. The best way to get the benefits ofa good diet is to eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables.”4. What was Ian Wilkinson’s opinion on the trial?A. Disappointing.B. Surprising.C. Satisfactory.D. Terrible.EThe young boy was sitting on the ground in the refugee(难民)camp playing with an empty tin. Other children were standing around watching him with envious eyes.Envy? Of an empty tin?This tin was indeed no worthless piece of trash—it was a splendid truck, complete with wheels and grille(铁栅) and floor. The vehicle even had remote control, a frayed piece of string from the “engine” to the hand of the owner.The tin had lost all its original markings. But its first load had probably been sardines(沙丁鱼). Later the tin had been left with other rubbish behind the refugee camp clinic, and the boy had found it on one of his daily expeditions into the “big world”.For thousands of refugee children, a tin like this rates high on their list of wants. It can be used for many purposes, as jewellery, as a toy, for drinking or as a medicine box.Many refugee children would consider it the happiest day of their lives if they received a handful of marbles(弹珠) as a present.They dream of gifts which children in developed countries take for granted. Maybe a book to read or a pencil and an exercise book of their very own.Their imagination can create toys, but it cannot create books. Someone else must provide them. A more costly and valuable gift they cannot imagine.5. How do you think the young boy may feel when he gets something to read?A. depressedB. frustratedC. excitedD. frightenedKeys:1. B 解析：根据文章最后一段，尤其是“Don't let the idea of elitism get to you. Everybody hasa right to the life they want.”以及“As long as you lead a happy and comfortable life, why bother to chase after other people's shadows? Choose your own life path and go for it.”2. D 解析：前文用了ugly, cheated, vulnerable victims, unhealthy等一系列负面的词批评可乐、薯条等垃圾食品，接着提到政府时，作者说Surprisingly, such behavior was strongly backed up by the government.(奇怪的是，这些行为得到了政府的支持)，由此可知，作者对政府的态度是否定的。
(完整版)作者观点态度题
作者态度观点阅读理解中的题目有的时候会问及作者对于某一事件或者某一问题的观点或者态度是什么，以及作者对文章继续展开的内容判断等,这样的题就是观点态度题.解答这种问题时,考生首先应请注意篇章中的连词，这些连词的运用都暗含着作者的态度和观点，从中可以推敲出作者的意图.然后需要注意有些表明作者观点的词汇和语句，考生就可以根据这些词汇和语句的情感来判断作者的态度。
总体来讲,观点态度的题比较难，对于这类问题的回答，考生应从篇章的体裁和风格入手，再从文章的论述方法、语气和措辞中把握作者对事物的喜好，从而了解作者的情感与态度。
1、观点态度题常见设问方式What’s the tone of the passage?Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward…?How does the author feel about…？What’s the author’s opinion of/ about …？What is the author's overall attitude towards …?What does the author think of…?Which of the following is the author most likely to agree with？The author seems to be in favor of the idea of ________.The author probably feels that ________。
The author’s attitude towards …might be best summarized as ________.In the writer’s opinion, ________.According to the author， ________。
2024届高考考点“阅读中观点理解与分析”示例与训练
2024届高考考点“阅读中观点理解与分析”示例与训练一、考题示例与命题走势命题从文本中找出内容，分别排列。
方式阐述示例之江轩《不让冷门绝学成“绝响”》——根据材料列出主要观点文本阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
前不久，2023年度国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项立项名单公布，95个项目入选。
这一动作引发关注，“冷门绝学”这一表述更是让人不由联想到武侠小说里的“秘籍绝技”。
其实从2018年起，我国就设立了“国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项”，2020年又增设冷门绝学团队项目，旨在抢救、整理、发掘和强化那些濒临消亡、研究薄弱，但具有文化传承价值与重要学术意义的特色学科。
套用生物界的说法，冷门绝学相当于“珍稀濒危物种”。
从学科领域看，冷门绝学涵盖甲骨学、简牍学、敦煌学、古文字学等。
比如甲骨学，主要研究我国上古时期甲骨文字。
作为我国最早的成系统文字，甲骨文是研究商周文化的第一手材料，可据以追索殷商时期的社会生活情况。
从甲骨文发现至今120多年来，已发现的甲骨文单字4000余个，比较好认的字陆续被认出，但也只有1500个左右。
中国文字博物馆曾发布“悬赏公告”：破译未释读甲骨文，单字奖励10万元；对存争议甲骨文作出新的释读，单字奖励5万元。
然而这份“悬赏令”，却鲜有人揭榜成功，其中艰难可见一斑。
有学者指出，冷门绝学之所以冷门，并不在于其学术生命力的枯竭，而是其与现实生活之间的关系较为疏离。
可以说，冷门绝学绝非无关紧要的“一笔”，而是“重要伏笔”。
冷门绝学也是济世之学。
习近平总书记强调，“要重视发展具有重要文化价值和传承意义的‘绝学’、冷门学科。
这些学科看上去同现实距离较远，但养兵千日、用兵一时，需要时也要拿得出来、用得上。
”保护冷门绝学就是在保护文化多样性，因为我们不知道哪块云彩有雨。
比如，拯救了无数人的青蒿素是屠呦呦团队从东晋葛洪《肘后备急方》等古籍中获得的灵感，而出土医学文献文物研究是典型的冷门绝学，中医古籍卷帙浩繁、晦涩难懂，研究者们在旧纸堆里苦苦寻觅，不仅要掌握医学知识，还要打破学术壁垒。
高中阅读理解：观点态度题技巧总结及巩固训练
阅读理解：观点态度题技巧总结及巩固训练观点态度题主要是考查学生根据文章内容推断出作者对某人或某事物的观点或态度，或是文中某人或某机构对人或事物的观点或态度的能力。
一、观点态度试题的设题方式和表述观点态度的选项有哪些∶设题方式：1. Whats the author's attitude towards...?2. What is the opinion of the writer in this passage?3. Which of the following does the author agree with?三类选项：（一）支持、赞同、乐观1. positive adj.肯定的，积极的2. favorable adj.赞成的，有利的3. supportive adj支持的4. approving adj 赞成3. optimistic adj 乐观的（二）反对、批评、怀疑、悲观1. disapproving adj不赞成2. negative 否定的，消极的3. critical adj.批评的4. controversial 有争议的5. conservative adj.保守的6. suspicious adj.怀疑的7. doubtful adj.怀疑的8. pessimistic（三）中立、客观1. subjective adj.主观的1. objective adj.客观的2. netural adj.中立的5. indifferent adj 漠不关心二、总结解题技巧总结：对作者的观点态度的推理和判断必须以事实为依据，判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。
切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意。
解答观点态度题常用的解题技巧如下：①辨清文章的文体。
议论文中，主题句一般暗示作者的态度。
说明文一般为客观中立的态度。
记叙文中，观点往往不会直接提出，但作者在写作时常会有某种倾向性，所以要求考生要捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词或短语。
高考英语(全国通用)：阅读理解(14)观点态度和写作意图题
高考英语阅读理解专题训练ATurning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight，according to scientists.The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories.It also triggers(引发) a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.An experiment by the University of Konstanz，in Germany，found that people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full，compared to those who could see.They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate.Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.Scientists believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full.In the experiment,50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their food.All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment.They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice cream and invited to eat for 15 minutes.Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice-cream weighed，while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten.On average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded groups ate 105g.However，the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the non-blind volunteers.They were also asked how pleasant the ice-cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see.“The experienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group.Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite.Sight plays an important role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience.”Previous studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste.While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses，in fact eating in the darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual.1．With the lights out，diners eat less partly because .A．they want to finish their meals quicklyB．they trust their feelings more than everC．they focus more on fun than the caloriesD．they worry about the quality of the food答案 D解析细节理解题。
高考英语阅读-观点态度题
高考英语阅读-观点态度题(总9页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--观点态度题典题示例第1招：辨别文体、捕捉反映行文基调的词语阅读理解Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which have powerful effects on our minds and feelings. This clever use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can express his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use then correctly, or they will make our speech silly and common.the last paragraph, what does the author suggest that we should do?A. Use words skillfullyB. Associate with listenersC. Make musical speechesD. Learn poems by heart第2招：利用人名或组织机构名称进行定位阅读理解… Surprisingly, the man responsible for one of the most progressive green-design competitions has doubts about ideas of eco-friendly buildings. “I don't believe in the new green religion,” Gerner says.” Gerner says. “Some of the building t echnologies that you get are impractical. I'm interested in those that work.” But he wouldn't mind if some green features inspire students. He says he hopes to set up green energy systems that allow them to learn about the process of harvesting wind and so lar power. “You never know what's going to start the interest of a child to study math and science,” he says.does Gerner think of the ideas of green schools?A. They are out of date.B. They are questionable.C. They are practical.D. They are advanced.第3招：结合所举例子进行判断阅读理解For New Yorkers, talking about other parts of the world means Brooklyn and Queens in New York. But at Mallery's, when I said that I had been to Myanmar recently, people knew where it was. In New York people would think it was a usual new club.is the author's opinion of some New Yorkers from her experience?A. . . . Self-centered.第4招：结合文章主题综合推断阅读理解Our best hope in keeping our best reporters, copy editors, photographers, artists — everyone — is to work harder to make sure they get the help they are demanding to reach their potential. If we can't do it, they'll find someone who can.letter aims to remind editors that they should ______.A. give more freedom to their reportersB. keep their best reporters at all costsC. be aware of their reporters' professional developmentD. appreciate their reporters' working styles and attitudes即讲即练阅读理解1Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled — to $ per pack — smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to ki ck the habit.This is not a surprise to public health advocates. They've studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase.The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost $ at one drugstore Wednesday. In Charleston, ., where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation, the price was $.The influence is obvious.In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys — %, far below the national average. By comparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky. Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records. Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans “who choose to smoke.” That's true. But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place. As for today's adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better. text is mainly about ______.A. the effect of tobacco tax increaseB. the price of cigarettesC. the rate of teen smokingD. the differences in tobacco tax rate underlined word "deter" in Paragraph 3 most probably means ______.A. benefitB. freeC. discourageD. remove' attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of ______.A. doubtB. sympathyC. unconcernD. tolerancecan we learn from the last paragraphA. Adults will depend more on their families.B. The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.C. Future generations will be hooked on smoking.D. Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.阅读理解2All too often, a choice that seems sustainable (可持续的) turns out on closer examination to be problematic. Probably the best example is the rush to produce ethanol (乙醇) for fuel from corn . Corn is a renewable resource — you can harvest it and grow more, almost limitlessly. So replacing gas with corn ethanol seems like a great idea.One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it, which could still make ethanol more sustainable than gas generally, but that's not the end of the problem. Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people, which drives up the cost of food. That result leads to turning the fallow land — including, in some cases, rain forest in places such as Brazil — into farmland, which in turn gives off lots of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the air. Finally, over many years, the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss. But by then, climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help. You cannot really declare any practice “sustainable” until you have done a complete lift-cycle analysis of its environmental (环境的) costs. Even then, technology and public policy keep developing, and that development can lead to unforeseen and undesired results. The admirable goal of living sustainable requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis.underline word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “______”.A. the forest lossB. burning ethanolC. climate changeD. the energy benefitauthor thinks that replacing gas with corn ethanol is ______.A. uselessB. ImpracticalC. AcceptableD. admirabledoes the author mainly discuss in the text?A. Technology.B. Environmental protection.C. Ethanol energy.D. Sustainability.阅读理解3While all my classmates seen to be crazy about a one-way ticket to Mars (火星), I'd rather say Mars is totally unsuitable for human existence. People won't have enough food supplies there, and the terrible environment would make it impossible for them to live a long life .Besides, the journey won't be safe. Can anybody explain to me just why people would go to Mars, never to return?Steve Minear, UKHere are the things you can think of: the desire to explore a foreign and unique environment, the excitement of being the first humans to open up a new world, the expectation of fame and glory… For scientists there is another reason. Their observations and research will probably lead to great scientific achievements.Donal Trollop, CanadaThere are already too many people on the Earth. I think that sometime before the end of the century, there will be a human colony (殖民地) on Mars. It will happen when people finally realize that two-way trips to the red planet Mars are unnecessary. Most of the danger of space flight is in the launches (发射) and landings. Cutting the trip home would therefore reduce the danger of accidents, save a lot of money, and open the way to building an everlasting human settlement on another world.Enough supplies can be sent on ahead. And every two years more supplies and more people will be sent to the new colony. Mars has all the materials for a colony to produce or make everything it needs, and Mars is far more pleasant than the other planets in the outer space.Paul Davies, USAmain purpose of Steve Minear's writing is ______.A. to show his agreement on going to MarsB. to invite an answer to his questionC. to report his classmates' discussionD. to explain the natural state of Marsof the following best states Donal Trollop's idea?A. It is possible to build an Earth-like environment on Mars.B. There are many reasons for going to Mars.C. There is a plan to send humans to Mars.D. Scientists become famous by doing research on Mars.does Paul Davies think of human existence on Mars?A. Humans will find Mars totally unsuitable for living.B. Humans will have to bring all they need from the Earth.C. Humans can produce everything they need.D. Humans can live longer in the colony on Mars.阅读理解4It was the summer of 1965. DeLuca, then 17, visited Peter Buck, a family friend. Buck asked DeLuca about his plans for the future. “I'm going to college, but I need a way to pay for it,” DeLuca recalls saying. “Buck said, ‘You should open a sandwich shop.'” That afternoon, they agreed to be partners. And they set a goal: to open 32 stores in ten years. After doing some research, Buck wrote a check for $1 000. DeLuca rented a storefront (店面) in Connecticut, and when they couldn't cover their start-up costs, Buck kicked in another $1 000. But business didn't go smoothly as they expected. DeLuca says, “After six months, we were doing poorly, but we didn't know how badly, because we didn't have any financial controls.” All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs. DeLuca was managing the store and going to the University of Bridgeport at the same time. Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York. They'd meet Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running. “We convinced ourselves to open a second store. We figured we could tell the public, ‘We are so successful, we are opening a second store.'” And they did — in the spring of 1966. Still, it was a lot of learning by trial and error. But the partners' learn-as-you-go approach turned out to be their greatest strength. Every Friday, DeLuca would drive around and hand-deliver the checks to pay their suppliers. “It probably took me two and a half hours and it wasn't necessary, but as a result, the suppliers got to know me very well, and the personal relationships established really helped out,” DeLuca says. And having a goal w as also important. “There are so many problems that can get you down. You just have to keep working toward your goal,” DeLuca adds. DeLuca ended up founding Subway Sandwich, the multimillion-dollar restaurant chain.of the following is true of Buck?A. He was studying at the University of Bridgeport.B. He was a professor of business administration.C. He put money into the sandwich business.D. He rented a storefront for DeLuca.can we learn about their first shop?A. It stood at an unfavorable place.B. It lowered the prices to promote sales.C. It lacked control over the quality of sandwiches.D. It made no profits due to poor management.contributes most to their success according to the author?A. Learning by trial and error.B. Making friends with suppliers.C. Finding a good partner.D. Opening chain stores.阅读理解5Over the last 70 years, researchers have been studying happy and unhappy people and finally found out ten factors that make a difference. Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a certain degree by genes. However, of all the factors, wealth and age are the top two. Money can buy a degree of happiness. But once you can afford to feed, clothe and house yourself, each extra dollar makes less and less difference. Researchers find that, on average, wealthier people are happier. But the link between money and happiness is complex. In the past half-century, average income has sharply increased in developed countries, yet happiness levels have remained almost the same. Once your basic needs are met, money only seems to increase happiness if you have more than your friends, neighbors and colleagues. “Dollars buy status, and status makes people feel better,” conclude some experts, which helps explain why people who can seek status in other ways — scientists or actors, for example —may happily accept relatively poorly-paid jobs. In a research, Professor Alex Michalos found that the people whose desires — not just for money, but for friends, family, job, health — rose furthest beyond what they already had, tended to be less happy than those who felt a smaller gap (差距). Indeed, the size of the gap predicted happiness about five times better than income alone. “The gap measures just blow away the only measures of income.” says Michalos. Another factor that has to do with happiness is age. Old age may not be so bad “Given all the problems of aging, how could the elderly be more satisfied” asks Professor Laura Carstensen. In one survey, Carstensen interviewed 184 people between the ages of 18 and 94, and asked them to fill out an emotions questionnaire. She found that old people reported positive emotions just as often as young people, but negative emotions much lessoften. Why are old people happier Some scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it, or they're more realistic about their goals, only setting ones that they know they can achieve. But Carstensen thinks that with time running out, older people have learned to focus on things that make them happy and let go of those that don't. “People realize not only what they have, but also that what they have cannot last forever,” she says. “A goodbye kiss to a husband or wife at the age of 85, for example, may bring far more complex emotional responses than a similar kiss to a boy or girl friend at the age of 20.”to the passage, the feeling of happiness ______.A. has little to do with wealthB. increases gradually with ageC. is determined partly by genesD. is measured by desiresactors would like to accept poorly-paid jobs because the jobs ______.A. make them feel much betterB. provide chances to make friendsC. improve their social positionD. satisfy their professional interestspeople are more likely to feel happy because they are more ______.A. optimisticB. PracticalC. SuccessfulD. emotionalAlex Michalos found that people feel less happy if ______.A. they have a stronger desire for friendshipB. the hope for good health is greaterC. their income is below their expectationD. the gap between reality and desire is bigger阅读理解6One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might some day get lost in a “sea of technology” rather than experiencing the natural world. Fear-producing TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors, which will change the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on child's play.Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. “If the decline in parks use cont inues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment (蚕食)” asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods. Without having a nature experience, kids can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress level, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills. Experts predict modern kids will have poor health than their parents — and they say a lack of outside play is surely part of it; research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and that play in nature fosters (培养) leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. Even a tiny outdoor experience can create wonder in a child. The three-year-old turning over his first rock realizes he is not alone in the world. A clump of trees on the roadside can be the whole universe in his eyes. We really need to value that more. Kids are not to blame. They are over-protected and frightened. It is dangerous out there from time to time, but repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite (仪式) of passage. Everyone, from developers, to schools and outdoorsy citizens, should help regain for our kids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods that cement (增强) love, respect and need for the landscape. As present, we should devote some of our energies to taking our kids into nature. This could yet be our greatest cause.main idea of Paragraph 2 is that ______.A. parks are in danger of being gradually encroachedB. Richard Louv is the author of Last Child in the WoodsC. children are expected to develop into protectors of natureD. kids are missing the sense of wonder outdoorsto the author, children's breaking an arm is ______.A. the fault on the part of their parentsB. the natural experience in their growing-upC. the results of their own carelessness in playD. the effect of their repetitive stress from computerswriting this passage, the author mainly intends to ______.A. encourage children to protect parks from encroachmentB. show his concern about children's lack of experience in natureC. blame children for getting lost in computer gamesD. inspire children to keep the sense of wonder about things around阅读理解7Throughout the history of the arts, the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change — to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before. Landscape (风景) is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s Alfred Leslie, one of the new American realists, continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature, Leslie paints what he actually sees. In his paintings, there is no particular change in emotion, and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography (摄影术) to help both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom. Besides, all art begs the age-old question: What is real Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects, the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes, and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods. Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present, Eastern or Western, the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many and different are the faces of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings. underlined word “poetry” most probably means ______.A. an object for artistic creationB. a natural sceneC. a collection of poemsD. an unusual qualityis the author's opinion of artistic reality?A. It is expressed in a fixed artistic form.B. It will not be found in future works of art.C. It does not have a long-lasting standard.D. It is lacking in modern works of art.does the author suggest about the arts in the last paragraph?A. They are considered important for variety in form.B. They express people's curiosity about the past.C. They make people interested in everyday experience.D. They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation.of the following is the main topic of the passage?A. Basic questions of the arts.B. Use of modern technology in the arts.C. New developments in the arts.D. History of the arts.阅读理解8Hunting The days of the hunter are almost over in India. This is partly because there is practically nothing left to kill, and partly because some steps have been taken, mainly by banning tiger-shooting, to protect those animals which still survive. Some people say that Man is naturally a hunter. I disagree with this view. Surely out earliest forefathers, who at first possessed no weapons, spent their time digging for roots, and were no doubt themselves often hunted by meat-eating animals. I believethe main reason why the modern hunter kills is that he thinks people will admire his courage in overpowering dangerous animals. Of course, there are some who truly believe that the killing is not really the important thing, and that the chief pleasure lies in the joy of the hunt and the beauties of the wild countryside. There are also those for whom hunting in fact offers a chance to prove themselves and risk death by design; these men go out after dangerous animals like tigers, even if they say they only do it to rid the countryside of a threat. I can respect reasons like these, but they are clearly different from the need to strengthen your high opinion of yourself. The greatest big-game hunters expressed in their writings something of these finer motives (动机). One of them wrote. “You must properly respect what you are after and shoot it cleanly and on the animal's own territory (领地). You must fix forever in your mind all the wonders of that particular day. This is better than letting him grow a few years older to be attacked and wounded by his own son and eventually eaten, half alive, by other animals. Hunting is not a cruel and senseless killing — not if you respect the thing you kill, not if you kill to enrich your memories, not if you kill to feed your people.” I can understand such beliefs, and can compare these hunters with those who hunted lions with spears (矛) and bravely caught them by the tail. But this is very different from many tiger- shoots I have seen, in which modern weapons were used. The so-called hunters fired from tall trees or from the backs of trained elephants. Such methods made tigers seem no more dangerous than rabbits.is the author's view on the tiger-shoots he has seen?A. Modern hunters should use more advanced weapons.B. Modern hunters should put their safety first.C. Modern hunters like to hunt rabbits instead of tigers.D. Modern hunters lack the courage to hunt face-to-face.。
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（完整版）高考阅读理解题型-观点态度题详解及练习后面有练习最后是练习的答案，包括词汇和难点解析。
都是我一个一个字打上去的高考考纲中对考生阅读理解部分的要求如下：（1）理解主旨和要义（2）理解文中具体信息（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度（5）理解文章的基本结构对应有（1）主旨大意题（2）细节与推理判断题（3）词义猜测提（4）观点态度题（5）篇章结构题五种基本的阅读理解题型。
今天我们要讲的就是五种基本题型之一的观点态度题例一、[2009年陕西卷]“Old wives’ tales” are beliefs passed down from one generation to another. For example, most of us remember our parents’ telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time.Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration….Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives’ tales. After all, much of th is knowledge has been accumulated from thousands of years of experience in family health care. …54. What is the author’s attitude toward “old wives’ tales” in the text?A. SubjectiveB. ObjectiveC. DissatisfiedD. Curious例二、The internet will open up new vistas (前景), create the global village—you can make new friends all around the world. That, at least, is what it promised us. The difficulty is that it did not take the human mind into account. The reality is that we cannot keep relationships with more than a limited number of people. No matter how hard the internet tries to put you in communication, its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.The problem is twofold（双重的）. First, there is a limit on the number of people we can hold in mind and have a meaningful relationship with. That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain. Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest （投入）in them. We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute what’s left among as many others as we can. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline （减弱）until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”.This is not, of course, to say that the internet doesn’t s erve a socially valuable function. Of course it does. But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world, but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to more to the other side of the world.In one sense, that’s a good thing. But it also has a disadvantage. If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see them, then certainly y ou aren’t using your time to make new friends where you now live. And Isuspect that probably isn’t the best use of your time. Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other, face to face. The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it won’t stop that happening eventually.75、What is the author’s attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?A. He is uncertain about it.B. He is hopeful of it.C. He approves of it.D. He doubts it.例三、This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best,the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things,and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.30、What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?A.TolerantB.DoubtfulC.RespectfulD.Supportive引类问题的几种提问方式(1)What’s the writer’s attitude to …?(2)What’s the tone of the passage?(3)The author’s view is _______(4)The writer’s attitude of .this passage is apparently _________(5)The author’s opinion could be best described as_________(6)Which of the following statements would the author be LEAST /MOST likely to agree with?(7)Which of the following statements indicates the author’s attitude toward ____?推测作者的写作意图时，必须要先了解文章的主题，然后分析作者的论述方法、论述重点和材料的安排。
故事类记叙文的目的通常是娱乐读者；广告类英文文的目的一般是为了推销产品或者服务；议论文的目的是要阐述观点；科普、文化类说明文的目的大多是介绍知识，帮助大家广文博见。
大家做题之前，应先熟悉在考题中常常出现的表示态度的词汇。
表示客观的词：objective, impartial, neutral（中立的），disinterested无私的unbiased没有偏见的unprejudiced公平的，无偏见的factual事实的，实际的informative提供信息的主观的/偏见的：subjective, prejudiced, biased, partial漠不关心：Indifferent, uninterested, carefree, detached, unconcerned困惑、迷茫不知所措的：confused, perplexed, puzzled, ambiguous感情色彩深、程度深：enthusiastic, strong, completely, radical 程度较浅，谨慎的：preserved, qualified, tempered, guarded积极意义的：positive肯定的，积极的favorable赞成的，有利的consent赞成，同意supportive支持的，支援的defensive辩护的，保卫的optimistic乐观的confident自信的，确信的respectful尊敬的approval 赞成，承认sympathetic赞成，支持humorous幽默的sober清醒的消极意义的：negative否定的，消极的critical批评的sarcastic （讽刺的）worried焦虑的，担心的pessimistic 悲观的apprehensive忧虑的opposed反对的suspicious怀疑的doubtful 可疑的，不确定的ironic说反话的，讽刺的disapproval不赞成objection反对，不赞成opposition反对criticism批评，批判indignant 气愤的做观点态度题时要注意：1.注意不要把我们自己的好恶态度糅进其中，不要用带有主观倾向的视角评判作者态度。