2020-2021学年牛津上海版八年级下学期英语语法专项讲解及训练(有答案)

2020学年牛津上海版八年级第二学期英语专项讲解及训练I. 情态动词（有词义, 与动词原形一起组成谓语, 无人称与数的变化）can, may, must, need, should, shall, will, could, would, ought toFish can swim.Can I help you?May I leave early? No, you may not.May I smoke here? No, you mustn’t.Must I finish it today? No, you needn’t.You should pay more attention about your health.Shall I book the tickets for you?Can/Could/Will/Would you help Linda with her physics this weekend?You oughtn’t to go there alone.注意: should=ought to都是情态动词can=be able to must=have to mustn’t=be not allowed to needn’t=not have to但be able to, have to, 有时态、人称与数的变化,中考真题:1.A: Must I get up early tomorrow, Dad?B: No, you ______. Tomorrow is Sunday.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. couldn’t2.A: ______ I have some chocolates now?B: No, you ______. It’s time for bed. You can have some tomorrow.A. May…mustn’tB. Must…needn’tC. Must…mustn’tD. May…needn’t3.After a long walk, the old man ______ be tired now.A. canB. mustC. has toD. need4. Even the top students in our cla ss can’t work out this problem, so it ______ be very difficult.A. mayB. mustC. canD. need5. Computers ______ process difficult problems very, very quickly.A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can6. Cars, buses and bikes ______ stop when the traffic lights change to red.A. canB. mayC. mustD. need7. Susan’s parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It ______ be very expensive.A. mustB. canC. mustn’tD. can’t8. We ______ keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves.A. mayB. shouldC. canD. need9.-- ______ I fill in the check-in form right now, sir?-- No, you needn’t. You can complete it this afternoon.A. MayB. CanC. WouldD. Must答案:CABBD CABDII. Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms(用所给单词的适当形式填空,每空格限填一词) :1.The old people and children _________ (should take) good care of.2.The letter __________ (must post) at once.3.Now many kinds of work __________ (can do) by robots.答案:1. should be taken 2.must be posted 3.can be doneIII. Rewrite the sentences as required (按要求改写句子,每空格限填一词):1.We can store a lot of information in the computer. (改为被动语态)A lot of information _______ _______ stored in the computer.2.Mrs. White told Tom that he mustn’t throw paper on the ground. (保持原句意思)Mrs. White told Tom _______ ______ throw paper on the ground.3.I don’t know when we shall leave for Nanjing. (保持原句意思)I don’t know when ______ ______ for Nanjing.4.We must keep the noise under 50 dbs (分贝)here. (改为被动语态)The noise must ______ ______ under 50 dbs here.答案: 1. can be 2. not to 3. to leave 4.be kept[ 同步精练]I. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）：( )1. A: ________ I take the book out?B: Yes, but you ________ return it before next Thursday.A. Can, mayB. May, mustC. May, needD. Need, must ( )2. You made quite a few mistakes in the test. You ________ be more careful next time.A. canB. mayC. shouldD. mustn’t ( )3. A: ________ I go and get some sugar? B: Yes, please.A. MustB. ShallC. CouldD. Would( )4. She is glad to find that her daughter ________ sing so well.A. mustB. canC. mayD. need( )5. He has worked the whole day. He _______ be very tired.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. canD. must( )6. Mum, you _______ help me. I can manage it by myself.A. don’t needB. needn’tC. mustn’tD. can’t( )7.A: ______ I make the decision right now?B: No, you _______. You can think it over for a couple of days.A. May, may notB. Must, mustn’tC. May, mustn’tD. Must, needn’t ( )8. Both passengers and cars _________ stop when the traffic lights are red.A. canB. mustC. mayD. need ( ) ( ) 9. Excuse me, sir. Can children under the age of ten ride bicycles in the city?B: No. According to the law, they _________.A. may notB. mustn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t答案:BCBBD BDBBIII. Rewrite the sentences as required (按要求改写句子,每空格限填一词):1.The teachers teach Japanese and French in the private school. (改为被动语态)Japanese and French ______ ______ in the private school.2.We must finish the work in two days. (改为被动语态)The work ________ _______ finished in two days.3.Can you see the mice running in the cave? (改为被动语态)Can the mice ________ _______ in the cave?4.Factories mustn’t let out dirty smoke into the air. （保持原句意思）Dirty smoke mustn’t _______ ________ out into the air.5.Few people can work out the difficult problem. （保持原句意思）The difficult problem ______ ______ worked our by few people.6.You mustn’t use dirty words. （保持原句意思）You ______ ______ to use dirty words.7.We needn’t worry about our future too much. （保持原句意思）We ______ ______ to worry about our future too much.答案:1.are taught 2.must be 3.be seen 4.be let 5.can be 6.aren’t allowed7.don’t needII. 宾语从句：(重点掌握语序、时态、连接词)We know (that) there is no air or water on the moon.She said (that) someone had stolen it from her house a month before.She asked me whether/ if they would come.He isn’t sure what electricity is.Could you tell me who you are?I wondered when and where the concert would be held.Do you know why he was late for the meeting?She doesn’t even know how old she is.[ 中考真题]I. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）：1.He didn’t remember ______ his watch.A. where he had putB. where he has putC. where had he putD. where has he put2.I don’t know ______ last night.A. why they didn’t go to the mo viesB. when they didn’t go to the moviesC. why didn’t they go to the moviesD. when didn’t they go to the movies3.The old man wondered ______.A. whether the American pilot had seen UFOsB. whether had the American pilot seen UFOsC. how had the American pilot seen UFOsD. that the American pilot had seen UFOs4.He hasn’t decided ______.A. if he’ll go on a trip to WuxiB. when will he go on a trip to WuxiC. if he goes on a trip to WuxiD. when does he go on a trip to Wuxi5.Miss Li wants to know ______ next week.A. when my uncle leavesB. when will my uncle leaveC. where my uncle will stayD. where does my uncle stay6.He asked me ______ during the winter holidays.A. where I had goneB. where I had beenC. where had I goneD. where had I been7.Will you please tell me ______?A. where Pudong Airport isB. how far Pudong Airport wasC. how can we get to Pudong AirportD. when was Pudong Airport built8. I’d like to know ______.A. when will he give back the tapeB. whether has he received higher educationC. that he has been busyD. whether she will join in our English Evening9. Professor Nelson wanted to know _______________.A. when would the conference beginB. when the conference would beginC. when will the conference beginD. when the conference will begin答案:AAAAC BADBII. Rewrite the sentences as required (按要求改写句子,每空格限填一词):1. The words on the notice board are very small.I can’t see them clearly. (两句并一句)The words on the notice board are _______ small _______ I can’t see them clearly.2. Put on your coat, or you’ll catch a cold. （保持原句意思）______ you ______ put on your coat, you’ll catch a cold.3. I won’t go with you unless you help me do the washing. (用if改写句子)I won’t go with you ______ you _____ help me do the washing.I ________ go with you _______ you help me do the washing.4. The boy asked his mother, “ Does water freeze at 0℃?”（保持原句意思）The boy asked his mother _______ water _______ at 0℃.5. The ice cream will melt, so you’d better put it in the fridge at once. （保持原句意思）The ice cream will melt _______ you _______ put it in the fridge at once.6. Jack’s mother asked him, “ Have you packed your things?” (改为宾语从句)Jack’s mother asked him ______ he ______ packed his things.7. The poor child was so lucky that she received many books from Project Hope. (改为简单句)The poor child was ________ ________ to receive many books from Project Hope.答案:1.so,that 2.if don’t 3.if don’t; will if 4. Whether/ if freezes 5.if don’t6. whether/if, had7.lucky enough[ 同步精练]I. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）：( )1.Do you know ___________________________?A. what time does the train arriveB. what time the train arriveC. the train arrives what timeD. what time the train arrives( )2. I really didn’t know ____________________.A. what the matter wasB. what’s the matterC. what matter it wasD. what matter was it( )3. The teacher wanted to know _________________ finish their homework.A. when would the boysB. when will the boysC. when the boys wouldD. when the boys will( )4. I asked her ____________________.A. which she liked best oneB. which one did she like bestC. which one does she like bestD. which one she liked best( )5. Mr. Li asked me in today’s lesson ___________________.A. why does the sun rise in the eastB. why the sun rises in the eastC. why did the sun rise in the eastD. why the sun rose in the east( )6. Can you tell me ______________?A. where he livesB. where he liveC. where does he liveD. where is he living( )7. Could you tell me _______________________?A. how old is sheB. if he will come todayC. when the train leftD. if he would go to Beijing( )8. Could you tell me _____________? Is it serious?A. when he has goneB. why did you look so worriedC. what’s wrong with your armD. whom are you looking for( ) 9. Mr. Black didn’t tell me how long __________________?A. he had come to ShanghaiB. he had gone to ShanghaiC. he had been to ShanghaiD. he had been in Shanghai( )10. Which sentence of the following is not right?A.Tom asked if I can help him.B.Betty wondered whether or not I would join the club.C.Dick told his youngest sister light travels much faster than sound.D.John said a pair of glasses was on the desk.答案:DBCDB ABCDAII. Rewrite the sentences as required (按要求改写句子,每空格限填一词):1. The boy was frightened. He began to cry. （合并为一句）The boy was _______ frightened ________ he began to cry.2. Jack was clever. He could work out the maths problems. （保持原句意思）Jack was clever _______ ______ work out the maths problems.3. Factories must clean the water so that it won’t pollute rivers or lakes. （保持原句意思）Factories must clean the water so ______ not ______ pollute rivers or lakes.4. The MP3 is so expensive that none of us can buy it. （保持原句意思）The MP3 is ________ expensive for _______ of us to buy..5. The government killed 14,000 chickens to stop the bird flu from spreading. （保持原句意思）The government killed 14,000 chicken _____ _____ the bird flu can be stopped from spreading.6. Mr. Black said to the boy, “Don’t talk in class.”（保持原句意思）Mr. Black told the boy _____ _____ talk in class.7. If you are careless, you won’t finish the job well. （保持原句意思）______ ______, or you won’t finish the job well.8. Mr. Clerk went to bed when the TV programme was over. （保持原句意思）Mr. Clerk ______ go to bed ______ the TV programme was over.9. We didn’t go to the park last Monday because it rained heavily. （保持原句意思）We didn’t go to the park last Monday ______ ______ the heavy rain10. Nothing can live if there is no water or air. （改为简单句）Nothing can live ______ water ______ air.11. I told the visitors how they could arrive at Yu Garden. (改为简单句)I told the visitors _____ _____ arrive at Yu Garden.12. He asked me, “What makes you think I’m a farmer?” (改为宾语从句)He asked me _____ _____ me think he was a farmer.13. Mrs. Evans wondered, “Will Alice take my advice?” (改为宾语从句)Mrs. Evans was not sure ______ Alice _____ take her advice.14. The vase is too expensive for her to buy. （保持原句意思）She is not _______ _______ to buy the vase.The vase is ______ expensive that she ______ buy it.15. He studies hard. He wants to be a useful man in the future. (改为状语从句)He studies hard ______ ______ he can be a useful man in the future.16. Lesson One is not so difficult as Lesson Two. （保持原句意思）Lesson One is _______ _______ Lesson Two.17. The IBM weighs 2.5 kg. The DELL weighs 2.2 kg. （合并为一句）The IBM is ______ ______ the DELL.18. He asked me, “Are you going to stay at home or eat out?” (改为宾语从句)He asked me ______ I ______ going to stay at home or eat out.19. He is the tallest in his class. （保持原句意思）No one ______ in his class is ______ than he.20. If you don’t start early, you won’t get there on time. （保持原句意思）You ______ start early, ______ you won’t get there on time.21. Dick started so late that he missed the train. （保持原句意思）Dick didn’t start ______ ______ to ______ the train.22. At the age of eight, the girl started writing stories. (改为复合句)The girl started writing stories _______ she ______ eight.23. Be brave, and you will be more independent. （保持原句意思）______ you ______ brave, you will be more independent.24. The manager thought, “John and Charlie can both be guests.” (改为宾语从句)The manager though ______ John and Charlie ______ both be guest.25. No one knows when to start for Canada tomorrow. （保持原句意思）No one knows _______ we ______ start for Canada tomorrow.答案:1.so that 2.enough to 3.as to 4.too,any 5. so that 6.not to 7.Be careful8.didn’t until 9.cecause of 10.without,or 11.how to 12.what made 13.if/whether would 14. rich enough 15.so that 16.easier than 17.heavier than 18.whether was 19.else,taller20.must, or 21.early enough catch 22.when was 23.if are 24.that could 25.when will Choose the best answer( )1. The editorial staff suggested that they _______have a discussion about the problem _______ the meeting.A./…atB. should…inC. /…onD. should…on( )2. Pansy got very sunburnt yesterday afternoon. She’d better ______ to the doctor.A.goB. not to goC. not goD. to go( )3. —Ought we to write a report about our meeting for the principal?—No, you _______.A.ought notB. ought not toC. ought to notD. not ought to( )4. —Why did most of your classmates vote _______ Arthur to be chief editor?—Because he has _______experience as chief editor although he has a lot of experience as sports editor.A.for, a littleB. against, a littleC. for, littleD. against, little( )5. The advertisement says that if you go shopping _______Christmas, you may be a lucky customer to get presents for ________.A.at…freeB. on…freeC. at…moneyD. on…money( )6. The twins’ suggestion was _______ a newspaper of their own.A.publishB. to publishC. publishD. publish( )7. The editors of the newspaper all agreed _______ the next meeting in two ______ time.A.having…week’sB. to have… week s’C. having…week s’D. to have…week’s ( )8. They ______make a decision about the election at the meeting.A.didn’t needB. needn’tC. hadn’t toD. didn’t have( )9. It is said that there is going to _______a discussion about the Sunday Edition tomorrow.A. take placeB. hasC. beD. be held答案:AABDA BBBC。