现在分词用法讲解
分词的用法总结
分词的用法总结分词是文法中的一种形态变化形式，它将动词原形依照词法规则的要求进行合理而灵活地变化，以适应句子结构和意义的需要。
分词作为英语语法中的一个重要概念，具有多种用法和功能。
本文旨在对分词的用法进行总结，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用分词。
一、现在分词现在分词通常由动词原形加-ing构成，具有形容词和副词的性质，可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语等多种用法。
1. 作定语：现在分词作定语修饰名词，表示被修饰名词的特征、状态或功能。
例如：- The running water is very clean.（跑的水很干净。
）- He is a hard-working student.（他是一个勤奋的学生。
）2. 作表语：现在分词作表语，说明主语的特征或状态。
例如：- The weather today is warm.（今天的天气很暖和。
）3. 作宾语补足语：现在分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语的特征、状态或结果。
例如：- I found him lying on the ground.（我发现他躺在地上。
）4. 作状语：现在分词作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、条件等。
例如：- Walking along the street, she suddenly saw her old friend.（她走在街上，突然看到了她的老朋友。
）- Being tired, I went to bed early.（我累了，早早上床睡觉。
）二、过去分词过去分词通常由动词原形加上-ed或-en构成，具有形容词的性质，可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语等多种用法。
1. 作定语：过去分词作定语，修饰名词或代词，表示被修饰词的特征、状态或情况。
例如：- The broken window needs to be repaired.（这个破窗户需要修理。
）- The lost key has been found.（丢失的钥匙已经找到了。
现在分词用法总结
现在分词一、基础知识：现在分词(也叫动名词) ：表示主动和进行。
基本形式： doing 否定式： not doing被动式： being done 完成式： having done二、具体用法：1.动名词作主语和宾语：(1)把一个动词变成 -ing 形式可以当做名词来用，表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作，可在句中充当主语和宾语。
eg: Working with you is a pleasure.I like reading in my free time.(2)可以用 it 做形式主语或形式宾语放在前面，再用动名词做真正的主语或宾语放在后面，这种用法常用于以下句式：① It is/was no use/good doing sth. 做某事是没用的/没有好处的。
eg:It’s no use begging for his mercy.It’s no good smoking too much.② It is/was a waster of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。
eg: It is a waste of time copying others ’homewor k.③ It is/was worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。
eg: It was worth making the effort.④ There is/was no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有道理的/意义的。
eg: There is no sense in arguing with your wife.⑤ There is/was no point (in) doing sth. 做某事是没用的/无意义的。
eg: There is no point in getting angry.⑥ There is no shame in doing sth. 做某事是不丢脸的。
eg: There is no shame in saying sorry to your friends.⑦ There is no tellin g … 无法预言会…eg: There is no telling what will happen.※注意：动名词作主语时，其前可用名词所有格和形容词性物主代词修饰，即one’s doing sth.作主语。
英语语法：现在分词用法说明
英语语法：现在分词用法说明现在分词用法说明一、现在分词一般式的用法现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与主语动作同时发生：When we arrived, we found him sleeping. 我们到达时发现他在睡觉。
Living in the suburbs, we have few visitors. 因为住在郊外，我们没什么访客。
【注】有时现在分词所表示的动作也可略早于或迟于谓语动作，但两者之间没有时间间隔：Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave a note. 发现没人在家，他决定留个字条。
He went home, finding the door locked. 他回到家，发现门是锁着的。
当现在分词所表示的动作略迟于谓语动作时，现在分词通常位于句末。
二、现在分词被动式的用法当要表示一个被动动作时，现在分词就用被动形式。
现在分词的一般式和完成式均有被动式形式：(1) 现在分词一般式的被动式。
主要表示现在正在实行的动作，也可表示与谓语动作同时发生的动作：Who is the woman being operated on? 正在动手术的女人是谁?I saw him being taken away by the police. 我看见他被警察带走。
【注】有时现在分词一般式的被动式所表示的动作也可发生在谓语动作之前(此时的现在分词通常用于表示原因，且多为状态动词)：Not having a car, he finds it difficult to get around.因为没车，她感到行动很困难。
(2) 现在分词完成式的被动式。
主要表示发生在谓语动词之前且已经完成的动作：The subject having been opened，he had to go on with it. 话题已经开始了，他不得不谈下去。
Having been written in haste, the book has many mistakes. 这书因写得仓促，所以错误很多。
分词的用法和形式
分词的用法和形式分词是英语语法中一种非常重要的形态学形式，它可以作为动词的非谓语形式，用于构建复杂的句子结构和表达更多意义。
分词在句子中可以充当动词、形容词或副词的角色，从而丰富语言表达的方式。
本文将探讨分词的用法和形式，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用分词。
一、分词的基本形式分词一般有两种基本形式：现在分词（-ing形式）和过去分词（-ed形式）。
现在分词通常用于进行时态或作为形容词，而过去分词则多用于完成时态或作为形容词。
下面将分别介绍这两种形式的具体应用。
1. 现在现在分词一般以动词的原形加上-ing构成，例如：sing（唱歌）→singing（正在唱歌）。
现在分词的用法如下：（1）作为动词的进行时态示例：She is singing a song.（她正在唱歌。
）（2）作为形容词修饰名词示例：The running water is so refreshing.（流动的水非常清凉。
）（3）作为副词修饰动词示例：He smiled, encouragingly.（他鼓励地微笑着。
）2. 过去过去分词通常以动词的原形加上-ed、-d、-t或-en构成，例如：watch（观看）→watched（观看过）。
过去分词的用法如下：（1）作为动词的完成时态示例：He has finished his homework.（他已经完成作业。
）（2）作为形容词修饰名词示例：I read an interesting book.（我读了一本有趣的书。
）（3）作为被动语态中的非谓语动词示例：The car was repaired by a mechanic.（汽车被修理工修理了。
）二、分词的进一步应用除了基本形式的用法外，分词还有一些其他的应用。
下面将介绍分词的进一步应用，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用分词。
1. 分词作为主语分词可以作为句子的主语，通常用现在分词形式。
例如：Reading is my hobby.（阅读是我的爱好。
现在分词的用法详解
现在分词的用法详解一、现在分词的基本概念现在分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，用来表示正在进行或同时发生的动作。
它以-ing结尾，可以在句子中充当主语、定语、状语和表语等，具有一定的时态特征。
二、作主语现在分词作主语时，常用来表示习惯性、经常性的动作或行为。
例1：Running is good for your health.（跑步对身体有益）例2：Swimming is my favorite sport.（游泳是我最喜欢的运动）三、作定语现在分词可以修饰名词或代词，起到形容词作用。
它通常位于被修饰名词之前。
例3：The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.（哭闹的婴儿吵醒了整个社区）例4：She handed me a written report.（她递给我一份书面报告）四、作状语现在分词作状语时，可以说明动作发生的时间、原因、方式等。
4.1 表示时间：例5：While waiting for the bus, he read a book.（他边等车边读书）例6：Listening to music, I fell asleep quickly.（听音乐时，我很快入睡了）4.2 表示原因：例7：Being tired, she decided to take a break.（她觉得累了，决定休息一会儿）例8：Not having enough money, he couldn't afford the new phone.（因为没有足够的钱，他买不起新手机）4.3 表示方式：例9：He won the race by running fast.（他通过跑得快赢得了比赛）例10：She improved her English by studying hard.（她通过努力学习改善了自己的英语）五、作表语现在分词可以充当表语，与系动词连用，说明主语的状态或特征。
(完整版)现在分词的用法
He chanced taking part in that race.Cannot help to do表示不能帮忙做某事;Cannot help doing表示情不自禁，不由得做某事如：I cannot help to do homework for you.I cannot help laughing.4.作介词宾语除了我们已经谈到的“疑问词+不定式”可以作介词宾语外。
通常情况下，只能用-ing分词作介词的宾语。
但个别表示“除了。
之外”的介词如“except, but, than”通常接不定式。
如：I can do nothing except/but wait.后面跟-ing分词作介词宾语的短语结构主要有：A)“动词+介词+动名词”I am used to sleeping on the floor.(习惯于。
)I am looking forward to meeting you.The rain stopped us from working.She objected to marrying him(反对)B)“形容词+介词+-ing分词”I am interested in playing basketball.Tom is responsible for breaking the glass.C)"名词+介词+动名词"There are many ways to do it/of doing it.He didn't go out for fear of raining.-ing分词的惯用搭配有：A)主语+have+fun/pleasure/a good time/trouble/difficulty+(in) doing sth如：We had a lot of fun (in) playing basketball.I have trouble/difficulty(in) understanding him.B)“There is+difficulty/trouble/pleasure+(in) doing sth”如：There is difficulty in passing the exam.There is trouble in learning a foreigh language.C)“be busy+(in) doing sth”I am busy in doing my homework.D) “What about/How about +-ing分词”（征求意见句型。
现在分词的用法举例说明
现在分词的用法举例说明一、基础概念现在分词是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式，它由动词的原形加上-ing构成。
在句子中，现在分词可以作为主语、宾语、定语、状语等，并且能够表示与主句同步发生或者先于主句发生的动作。
下面将详细介绍现在分词的几种常见用法以及相应的举例。
二、现在分词作主语1. 用于表示一种习惯性或重复性的动作- Swimming is good exercise.（游泳是良好的运动。
）- Reading helps to improve vocabulary.（阅读有助于提高词汇量。
）2. 用于强调被动- Being ignored by others hurts her feelings.（被他人忽视伤了她的感情。
）- Seeing her name on the list surprised him.（看到她名字在名单上让他吃惊。
）3. 用于表达感叹- Amazing the crowd with his performance, he received a standing ovation.（他以他表演震撼了观众，赢得了起立鼓掌。
）- Shocking the world with its innovation, this product became an instant success.（这个产品通过其创新震惊了整个世界，取得了即时的成功。
）三、现在分词作宾语补足语1. 表示正在进行的动作或状态- I enjoy swimming in the ocean.（我喜欢在海里游泳。
）- She kept talking, ignoring my advice.（她不停地说话，无视我的建议。
）2. 表示过去的动作比较长，即主句中的谓语动词发生在分词之后- They left the party, laughing and joking.（他们离开这个聚会时忍不住大笑起来。
）- The children entered the room, holding hands and singing songs.（孩子们手牵手唱着歌走进房间。
分词的四种形式及用法
分词的四种形式及用法分词是动词的一种形式，可以用作动词、形容词、副词或短语的一部分。
常见的分词有以下四种形式和用法：1. 现在分词（-ing分词）：- 用作动词：现在分词可以和be动词连用，构成进行时态。
例如：She is going to school.（她正在去学校的路上）- 用作形容词：现在分词可以修饰名词，表示正在进行的动作或状态。
例如：The running water is refreshing.（流动的水很清凉）2. 过去分词（-ed分词）：- 用作动词：过去分词可以和助动词或情态动词连用，构成完成时态或被动语态。
例如：He has eaten lunch.（他吃过午饭了）- 用作形容词：过去分词可以修饰名词，表示被动或完成的动作。
例如：The broken glass needs to be cleaned up.（需要清理的破碎玻璃）- 用作副词：过去分词可以修饰动词，表示原因或伴随状态。
例如：She watched him, amazed.（她惊讶地看着他）3. 不定式（to分词）：- 用作动词：不定式作为动词的分词形式，可以表示将要发生的动作。
例如：They are going to leave soon.（他们快要离开了）- 用作形容词：不定式可以修饰名词，表示目的或用途。
例如：She needs a book to read.（她需要一本书来阅读）-用作副词：不定式可以修饰动词，表示目的或结果。
4.分词短语：- 用作动词：分词短语作为动词的一部分，可以表示时间、原因、条件等。
例如：Hearing the news, she cried.（听到消息，她哭了）- 用作形容词：分词短语可以修饰名词，表示状态或特征。
例如：The students studying in the library are quiet.（在图书馆学习的学生都很安静）-用作副词：分词短语可以修饰动词，表示方式或条件。
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一、现在分词：在句中可以做表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语。
二、现在分词的基本用法1. 作表语：表主语的特征。
如amusing, discouraging, puzzling, refreshing, astonishing。
2. 作定语：(1). 表示主动的、进行的状态：The girl wearing blue skirt is my sister. = The girl who is wearing blue skirt is my sister. （比较：The factory being built now is a big one.）(2). 说明被修饰词的性质和特征：This is an interesting story.(3). 相当于非限制性定语，常用逗号分开：Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill.(4). 与adv. / n. 构成复合词作定语：This is an English-speaking country.3. 作状语：表示主动的、进行的状态，其逻辑主语是句中的主语。
(如果不是，需在v.-ing 形式前加名词或代词作逻辑主语: Time permitting, the football match will be played on Friday.)(1). 原因状语：Not having been invited to the party, she had to stay home.(2). 时间状语：Seeing their teacher coming, the students stopped talking.如果现在分词表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在现在分词前加上when或while：While waiting for the plane, I had a long talk with Simon.(3). 条件状语：Working harder, you'll be No. 1 in your class.(4). 让步状语：Weighing almost two hundred kilograms, the stone was moved by him alone.(5). 结果状语：He died, leaving nothing but debts.(6). 伴随状语：He sat by the desk, begging.注意：The park was full of people, enjoying themselves in the sunshine. 由此可知伴随状语的特点：①主语所做的另一动作或②与谓语动作(状态)同时发生或③对谓语进行补充说明。
(7). 方式状语：Following their teacher, the students entered the room quietly.4. 作宾补：表示主动的、进行的状态，与宾语有逻辑上的“主表”或“主谓”关系：We all found his equipment interesting. (主表关系) / I saw Mary going upstairs then. (主谓关系)三、现在分词的两个基本特点1. 在时间上表示动作正在进行：a developing country, boiling water, rising sun (比较: a developed country, boiled water, risen sun)2. 在语态上表示主动：the ruling class 统治阶级，the exploiting class 剥削阶级(比较：the ruled class 被统治阶级，the exploited class 被剥削阶级)四、独立主格结构（Absolute Phrase）由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。
前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。
其本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。
A lecture to be given tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night. （原因）Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. （条件）He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head. （伴随）An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. （结果）The meeting over, they all went home. （时间）Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. （结果）The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand. （伴随）Another story to be completed, the writer stayed up almost every night. （目的）1. There was a terrible noise __ the sudden burst of light.A. followedB. followingC. to be followedD. being followed2. The minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, __ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. having addedB. to addC. addingD. added3. European football is played in more than 80 countries, __ it the most popular sport in the world.A. makingB. makesC. madeD. to make4. __ from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful.A. SeeingB. SeenC. SawD. To be seeing5. Soon they could see the steam __ from the wet clothes.A. riseB. risingC. risenD. be rising6. The missing boys were last seen __ near the river.A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. to play7. With his lips still __, he couldn't say a word.A. tremblingB. trembleC. to trembleD. to be trembling8. “Mama!” he cried suddenly, tears down his cheeks.A. rollB. rollingC. to rollD. rolled9. Weather , we'll go to the Great wall.A. to permitB. being permitC. permittingD. permitted10. The old farmer came out of the burning house, for help.A. callingB. calledC. to be calledD. call11. I smell something in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?A. burningB. burntC. being burntD. to be burnt12. The brave man died, his young wife nothing but a __ cottage.A. left; breakingB. leaving; brokenC. left; brokenD. to leave; breaking13. __ hard before, Tom is afraid of failing in the exam.A. Having been workedB. Having not workedC. Having never workedD. Never have worked14. __ the exam, the boy was punished by his father.A. No passingB. Having passedC. Having not passingD. Not having passed15. Time __ , I can have done it better.A. permitB. be permittedC. permittingD. to permit16. __, the boy couldn’t enter his house.A. Since the key has lostB. The key been lostC. Lost the keyD. Having lost the key17. __ into many languages, the story is well known all over the world now.A. Being translatedB. Having translatedC. To be translatedD. Having been translated18. __ for the terrible accident, the mayor felt nervous and was at a loss what to do.A. Having blamedB. To blameC. Being to be blamedD. Being to blame19.__ from heart trouble for years, Mr Li has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A. SufferedB. To sufferC. Having sufferedD. Being suffered20. __ from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car.A. JudgingB. JudgedC. To judgeD. Judge1-5BCAAB 6-10AABCA 11-15ABCDC 16-20DDDCA。