词性专项分类讲解英语语法——高考篇

高中英语语法专项训练

英语词性包括：名词Noun，代词Pronoun，数词Numeral，动词Verb，形容词Adjective，副词Adverbial，冠词Article，介词Preposition，连词Conjunction和感叹词Interjection。其中前六个属于实词（有实在的/具体的意义，能表达一个明确的意思），后四个属于虚词（本身没有实在意义，得跟上其他的实词才能构成实在的意义）。

1.名词

(1) For everyone’s __________ (safe), no one shall go out at late hours alone.

(2) As the proverb goes, __________ (fail) is the mother of success.

(3) Please deliver my sincere __________ (thank) to your parents.

(4) They hugged and shook hand with each other just as if they had met for the first time.

(5) This class didn’t have many girls students at first, but now it’s different.

(6) I’m glad that you have made such a great progress.

(7) She was doing her house works one Sunday morning when she smelt something burning.

(8) When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night.

(9) When in trouble, you can turn to your teachers for advices first. They are always helpful.

名词的考点总结：

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2.代词

(1) The river was so polluted that _______ actually caught fire and burned.

(2) In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in ________, knives and forks instead.

(3) They won’t b elieve this, unless they go and see it _______ (they).

(4) I’d like to introduce Mick to you. He is a good friend of _______ (I).

(5) My mom often gives me some advice, but I seldom took them seriously.

(6) I want to do anything special for Dr. Johnson at his retirement party.

(7) Dolphins are thought to be intelligent animals because of its quick ability to learn.

(8) Sometimes we may find difficult to follow the teacher and some slow learners may even give up learning English.

(9) What do you think of the club? I’m looking forward to early reply.

代词的考点总结：

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3.数词

(1) Although he failed the first time, he wanted to try a _______ (two) time.

(2) Our family are going to my grandpa’s to celebrate his eighty birthday.

(3) The number of students in this school is _______ (two) that of last year.

(4) Mark Twain was in heavy debt in his _______ (seventy).

(5) It is known to all that three fourth of the earth is covered by water.

数词的考点总结：

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4.动词

谓语动词

(1) Brought ________ by the neighbors, Mike was generous and helpful.

(2) This area _________ (name) a national wildlife reserve（保护区）last year.

(3) They _________ (head) for the train station when it began to rain cats and dogs.

(4) Doing eye exercises _______ (be) a daily practice in our school.

(5) This restaurant was once belonged to an old woman who passed away last year.

(6) My father together with his students were planning the field trip in the class meeting.

(7) John thought he can easily pass the exam, but the result was beyond his expectation.

谓语动词的考点总结：

___________________________________________________________________________ 非谓语动词

(1) It was too late. They had no choice but _______ (stay) for a night at a hotel.

(2) _______ (live) in this city for decades, he was unwilling to say goodbye.

(3) _______ (see) from the distance, the mountain is small and calm.

(4) It seemed that nobody wanted to be the first one _______ (leave) the team.

(5) With the new book came out, the author was too excited to go to sleep.

(6) Hundreds of students dressing in school uniforms attended the opening ceremony.

(7) Once you are accustomed to live in a different culture, you will begin to love it.

(8) The professor was giving a speech introduced effective ways to reduce pressure on study. 非谓语动词的考点总结：

___________________________________________________________________________ 5.形容词

(1) Cycling also helps control _________ (environment) pollution by reducing the waste.

(2) I find it _________ (believe) that people can accept this sort of rude behavior.

(3) The man-like robot was equipped with the _________ (late) technology.

(4) These PC soft wares are updated on a _________ (month) basis.

(5) This drug can kill germs but it’s harmful to pets and people.

(6) This trip was far enjoyable than they had expected.

形容词的考点总结：

___________________________________________________________________________ 6.副词

(1) _________ (hopeful), the weather will be find on Sunday.

(2) The man _________ (immediate) responsible for this accident was absent last night.

(3) It was the best known and _________ (probable) the most popular of her songs.

(4) Not all doctors _________ (true) understand the cause of the disease.

(5) In my opinion, this decision is _________ (whole) reasonable.

(6) They were not _________ (full) aware of the danger behind.

(7) _________ (fortunate), I won’t be able to attend the meeting for some reason.

(8) The children jumped up and down _________ (noisy), making her unable to sleep.

(9) It is wide acknowledged that science is changing with time itself.

(10) The countryside is beautiful and large, and most important, the air is fresh.

(11) I can’t understand this question. Can you explain it a little far?

(12) It was not an easy decision, _________, we had no choice.

(13) It rained heavily and _________ the football match was put off.

(14) A five-year-old boy like him cannot lift _________ heavy a box.

(15) It’s too late to go to the movie. _________, it’ s beginning to rain now.

形容词变副词的规则总结：

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7.冠词

(1)Everyone has a chance to apply for _________ university scholarship.

(2)The fallen leaves means summer comes to _________ end.

(3)In _________ beginning, some of us took no interest in it.

(4)_________ elderly man, Jean Papich, sat in the driver's seat and turned the key.

(5)She didn’t like the color of the two bags and asked for _________ third one.

(6)Do you know which shirt is _________ more expensive one of the two?

(7)In 1990s, the environment wasn’t as bad as it is now.

(8)He was fond of playing the chess and he joined a chess club.

(9)She was just a 8-year-old girl! She couldn’t have done this!

(10)As a result, nobody knew truth. But I still think I did the right thing.

冠词的考点总结：

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8.介词

(1)The Pacific Ocean extends _________ the Arctic in the north to the Antarctic in the south.

(2)This book was recommended to the students _________ a way of dealing with loneliness.

(3)_________ no means will we give in to violence.

(4)His social activities were largely successful _________ holding the country together.

(5)Great contributions have been made _________ helping poor children go back to school.

(6) _________ the assistance of the local government, she could never return to her home.

(7) It was so nice for you to let us bring Anne’s friend, Gina.

(8) In the morning of last Sunday, I awoke with a feeling of extreme hunger.

(9) I came across an old friend of mine in last week.

(10) I am writing to ask how you are getting on everything.

介词的考点总结：

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9.连词

(1) He had to have the operation right now, _________ he would die in a few days.

(2) Their father agreed to go on a trip, _________ made everyone excited.

(3) Not only does he love reading, _________ he can dance very well.

(4) It was not _________ she finished all the work that the teacher left her office.

(5) We had just arrived at the airport _________ we were told the plane was put off because of the bad weather.

(6) _________ is widely known, blacks were once looked down upon by whites.

(7) Later, they arrived at _________ is called Los Angeles now.

(8) Thrilling news came _________ the visit was around the corner.

(9) People always care about how others think of themselves.

(10) I greatly enjoyed the evening when we spent together.

连词的考点总结：

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10. 派生词——词性的转化

派生词在英语高考中的语法填空和短文改错都有涉及，是重点基础之一。

英语中的派生词是指一个单词的词根借助前缀或者后缀，制造出来新的单词——派生词。前缀一般构成的是反义词，不改变词性；

e.g. legal-illegal; possible-impossible; understand-misunderstand

courage-encourage; able-disability

而后缀一般改变单词的词性，如名词、动词和形容词，它没有改变词的基本意思;

e.g. disagree-disagreement; depend-dependent/independent; beauty-beautiful

(1) The new software _________ (able) the old to study at college.

(2) We have provided seats for the _________ (convenient) of our customers.

(3) We didn’t receive any news from him during his long _________ (absent).

(4) In a good _________ (marry), both husband and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise.

(5) Only the great _________ (achieve) of these goals will bring lasting peace.

(6) He is the right person because he can always _________ (effect) cope with all kinds of troubles.

(7) The teams were in fierce _________ (compete) for the first place.

(8) Anger is a _________ (nature) reaction when we feel threatened or upset.

(9) Remove the dead leaves will encourage new _________ (grow).

(10) The coach has _________ (strong) the team by bringing in some new players.

综合语法练习

语法填空

(1) Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 61 （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for

(2) In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair) unpleasant for the

passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day.

Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It

(5) If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of 61 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable.

Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.

Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 (regular).Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.

If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 69 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 70 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily

(7) In much of Asia, especially the so-called "rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 61 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 62 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create) special designs.

The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large Pots, 64 (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, 65 the population grew, people began cutting food into

small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 66 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67 lived from roughly 551 to 479B.C., influenced the 68 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 69 (be) too violent for use at the table.

Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 70

(9) A recent study shows that most adults did household chores 61 (active) when they were young. Most kids today do not do as many household chores as before, 62 same study shows.

An expert said, “Parents today want their kids to spend more time63 things that can bring them money and honour. They have stopped 64 (do) the one thing that has proven to bring success. That is doing household chores.”

Another study finds that compared with the kids 65 didn't do household chores, young adults beginning chores at ages 3 and 4 were more likely 66 (succeed). They had better family relationships, did better in school, performed better at work and were more independent.

Personal happiness 67 (say) to come from strong relationships. It begins by learning to be kind and 68 (help) to their parents at home.

If your kids say they have to skip chores because it's time they 69 (deal) with their homework, you'd better not let them off the hook. If you do, your child may think grades are more important than caring about others. “What may seem like small70 (message) at the moment add up to big ones over time，” says an

短文改错

(1) When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.

(2) When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time, car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.

(3) Mr. and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and

a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also

bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables！

(4) In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.

(5) My uncle 13 the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.

(6) The summer holiday is coming. My Classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.

(7) The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.

(8) My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field. In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains. On the right side of the class was the road. I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.

(9) One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried. ” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.

(10) When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, we’ll live to regret it .