非谓语动词-过去分词
非谓语动词之现在分词和过去分词.ppt.ppt
The man, who had been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.) (The man, having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.
由于被严重困扰，这个人几乎失去了记忆。
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（4）过去分词作定语在意义上有两种可能：表示被动和 完成，只表完成。如：
the question discussed yesterday 昨天讨论的问题 （既表示被动也表示完成）
the fallen leaves •落下的树叶 (只表示完成，不表示被动)
2、作表语 分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。如： She was too frightened to move. 她被吓得一动不动。 What you said is really inspiring. 你所说的真令人鼓舞。
(Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful. When the factory is seen from the top of the tower, the Factory looks beautiful.
After he was scolded by the teacher, he was very sad.
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4.Not knowing where to go, he asked a policeman .
Because he didn’t know where to go, he asked a policeman.
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3、作宾语补足语
非谓语动词讲解
I can‟t go out with these dishes to wash. She fell asleep with the light burning. He worked with the door closed. Don‟t stand with your hands in your pockets. She sleeps with the window open. With John away, we‟ve got more room. 不定式 分词（现在分词、过去分词）
3.当做定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的 承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态， 但含义不同 Do you have anything to send? (不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”) Do you have anything to be sent? (不定式to send的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”）
To study a foreign language, one needs practice.
独立主格结构 定义：非谓语结构带有自己的逻辑主语，在句子中作 状语。 特点：①…的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，独立存在 ②独立主格中的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、 副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓关系 ③独立主格结构后一般有逗号与句子分开。 构成：①名词（代词）+现分/过分 ②名词（代词）+形容词 ③名词（代词）+副词 ④名词（代词）+不定式⑤名词（代词）+介词短语 ⑥with/without+名词（代词）+宾补
非谓语动词分类
不定式 (to) do
非谓语动词
动名词 doing 分词 现在分词 doing
非谓语动词-过去分词的用法
5) Mr. Smith,____ of the speech, started
to read a ____ novel. A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring
动词-ed形式作表语
过去分词作表语, 表示主语的状态, 且该状态 通常是由外界因素引起的。这时过去分词可以被 看作一个形容词, 是形容词化的过去分词。 如: ① I’m interested in reading novels written by Jin Yong. ② When we heard of it, we were deeply moved．
听了这想法他似乎很高兴。
Past Participle used as predicative
The shop is _________(close). closed
Cleaning women in big cities usually get ______ paid (pay) by the hour.
1. The tall man is a returned student．
2. My parents are both retired teachers．
Past Participle used as attribute
fallen The ground is covered by _________ (fall) leaves.
(1) 动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态
的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括see, hear,
watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。
非谓语动词(Non-finiteverbs)
非谓语动词（Non-finiteverbs）非谓语动词概述：不定式（todo）：目的、将来形式现在分词（doing）：主动、进行过去分词（done）：被动、完成todo：某一次具体的动作作主语doing：抽象的、概念性的、多次的、经常性的行为todo：某一次具体的动作作表语doing：抽象的、概念性的、多次的、经常性的行为done：todo作宾语doing句法功能todo：目的、将来作定语doing：主动、进行done：被动、完成todo：目的、将来作宾补doing：主动、进行done：被动、完成todo：目的、将来作状语doing：主动、进行done：被动、完成独立成分作状语n./pron.+todo/doing/done独立主格结构with的复合结构GrammarI：非谓语动词的形式（一）过去分词：过去分词只有一种形式，就是一般式done。
①单独表示一个被动的动作；②也可以单独表示动作已经完成；③还可以同时表示被动和完成。
（二）现在分词的各种形式：（三）主动被动用法一般doing beingdone doing的动作与谓语动作几e.g.1._______________(hear)thenews,theycouldn’thelpla ughing.e.g.2.Not________________(finish)thetask,theyhavetostayt hereforanothertwoweeks.e.g.3.________________(turn)offtheTVset,hebegantogoover (复习)hislessons.e.g.4.______________(heat加热),thewatergetshot.e.g.5._______________(build)forhalfayear,thebuildingbeca meourlibrary.e.g.6._______________(tell)manytimes,hestillrepeated(重复)thesamemistake.e.g.7.Isawtherewasaboy________________(blame)byhisfat her.（四）不定式的各种形式（五）e.g.1.Therearemanydishes_________________(wash)inthek itchen.SoIdon’thavetimetoseeafilmwithyoutonight.注意：非谓语动词的否定形式是在其前加notGrammarII：todo、doing作主语或表语一、todo、doing作主语的一般用法：e.g.1.Toswimtodayisagoodideae.g.2.Eatingtoomuchisbad foryourhealth.思考：todo作主语，表__________________________________________________的动作；doing作主语，表_________________________________________________的动作。
非谓语动词--过去分词
2. The P.P. used as the predicative:
结构：
主语
+
系动词
+
P.P.
常用的系动词有：
be; look, sound, feel, taste, smell; get, become, turn, grow, go, come, fall ...; keep, remain, stay...; seem, appear ; prove ...
wear -- wore -- worn
feel -- felt -- felt
write -wrote - written
find - found - found
1. The P.P. used as the attribute:
terrified people polluted water reserved seats a crowded room a pleased winner
4. The P.P. used as the adverbial Eg. Frightened by the loud noise, I went to see what was
happening.
Built in 1910, the museum is almost 100 years old. She walked out of the house, followed by her little
P.P. + n.
1. The P.P. used as the attribute:
people terrified of ... water polluted by ... seats reserved by ... a room crowded with ... a winner pleased with ...
非谓语动词-过去分词知识点总结
非谓语动词---过去分词知识总结非谓语动词是指在句子中不充当谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)，即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。
过去分词只有一种形式:规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。
不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。
Ⅰ、过去分词的句法功能:一、过去分词作定语:Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
Those selected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。
注意：1.当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面。
2.过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
二、过去分词作表语:The window is broken. 窗户破了。
They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。
注意:be + 过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。
区别:The window is broken.(系表)The window was broken by the boy.(被动)有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的，不表示被动，只表示完成。
如:boiled water(开水) fallen leaves(落叶)newly arrived goods(新到的货)the risen sun(升起的太阳)the changed world(变了的世界)这类过去分词有:gone,come,fallen,risen,changed,arrived,returned,passed等。
三、过去分词作宾语补足语:I heard the song sung several times last week.上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。
非谓语动词--过去分词
(2014年广东高考--语法填空) 1. We had made our reservation six months earlier, but the man at the front desk said there were told (tell) that had been a mistake. We ___________ our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, but for the week after. 2. The next day, my brother and I went to the beach where we watched some people play sunburnt (sunburn), volleyball. We got a little __________ but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.
(2013年深圳第一次调研) 5. I stood there _________ puzzled (puzzle). Suddenly I realized the handsome young fellow had cheated me. (2013汕头期末统考) designed 6. You can have program specially __________ (design) to suit you, or you can just ask staff to make a few suggestions about activities to do. (2012年广东两校联考) Hearing (hear) that, 7. “What can I do?” _________ the boatman replied calmly , “It doesn’t matter. I’m coming to dive for the man …
非谓语动词-过去分词
非谓语动词（三）——过去分词（三）过去分词：1、过去分词的基本用法：过去分词只有一种形式，也没有主动语态，它所表示的动作是一个被动的或是已完成的动作。
过去分词在句中也可用作定语、表语、宾语或状语等成分。
过去分词在句中作某种成分时，其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：（1）作定语：过去分词作定语时，如果这个分词是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是分词短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后。
被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语，如：The stolen car was found by the police last week.（2）作表语：过去分词作表语时，表示其逻辑主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句中的主语，如：The glass is broken.这个玻璃杯是破的。
注：过去分词作表语时，和动词的被动语态结构相似，但两者表达的意义不同，如：The glass was broken by my little brother.这个玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的。
作表语用的过去分词在许多词典中已列为形容词，如：crowded, devoted, discouraged, done, dressed, drunk, experienced, frightened, gone, hurt, interested, killed, known, learned, lost, pleased, satisfied, shut, surprised, tired, undressed, worried, astonished, broken, completed, covered等。
（3）作宾语补足语：过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语就是其逻辑主语，如：When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves. 注：动词have后的复合宾语中，宾语补足语如为过去分词，常表示该分词所表示的动作是由别人来执行的而不是句中主语自己来执行的，如：I had my bike repaired yesterday. 昨天我（找别人）把我的自行车给修了。
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Special attention
之前
过去分词短语
2. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词 _____。____________ 作定语要放在被修饰的 名词后面，作后置定语，表示被动或完成，其作用相当于一个________。
作定语的区别
主动
进行
falling leaves / boilding water /developing country
fallen leaves /boilded water/developed country 作表语的区别
I am interested in the book.
The book is interesting .
定语从句
Байду номын сангаас
Special attention 过去分词作表语
[归纳总结] 系过表去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成____结构，表示主语的性质、特征和____。 状态
【挑战一】 Step 1 用以下单词的正确形式填空：
worry, interest, arrive, frighten, continue, concern
• 准备好做某事 • 致力于……，专心于…… • 决心做…… • 担心… • 关心/担心…… • 专注于…… • 与……相联系 • 面对 • 专心致志于……
IV过去分词与现在分词的区别
过去分词具有__________和__________之意
被动 现在分词具有___完__成_____和__________之意
非谓语动词-过去分词
一、过去分词作定语 二、 过去分词作表语 三、过去分词做宾语补足语
一、过去分词作定语 1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。 eg：a lost animal 一只迷路的动物
a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票 an injured finger 一根受伤的手指 a broken coin 一枚破损的硬币 a lighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛 (1) So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. (2) He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. (3) The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.
③ She was very disappointed to hear the result.
④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.
短语积累
• be prepared to do • be devoted to • be determined to do • be worried about • be concerned about • be absorbed in doing/sth • be linked to • be faced with • be buried in
总结：单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有 被动 和 完成 的意义， 常放在被修饰词的 前面 。
【观察思考】 (1) He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. (2) He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
总结：过去分词短语用作定语时， 一般置于其所修饰的名词 之后 ，表示 被动 或 完成 意义。 其意义相当于一个 定语 从句， 但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中
二、 过去分词作表语 The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。 He looked worried after reading the letters. 看完信后,他显得很忧虑.
② The windows are closed. The windows are closed by Jack.
状态 动作 状态 动作
3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested, surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些过去 分词(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用 作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动 意味。
总结：过去分词作表语主要表示主语的 状态或思想感情等。
1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。 2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。
① The glass was broken. The glass was broken by Tom.
① How did the audience receive the new play? They got very excited.
② How did Bob do in the exams this time? Well, his father seems pleased with his results.
完成
进行
感兴趣的 令人感兴趣的
总结：过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别 现在分词具有主动_和正在进行之意；过去分词具有被动和完成之意； 作表语的区别 现在分词具有令人……之意；过去分词具有感觉……之意；
Special attention 过去分词作定语
谓语动作 [归纳总结] 1. 过去分词作定语时，表示的动作在________之前发生，已经完成并具有____意义。此时，作定语的过