非谓语动词之现在分词和过去分词
非谓语动词-现在分词的讲解
非谓语动词非谓语动词包括不定式(to do)、动名词(－ing)、现在分词(－ing)与过去分词(－ed)。
它们不受主语人称和数的限制，在句子中不能充当谓语，但可以充当句子的其他成分，并且有时态和语态的变化。
动词-ing形式的要点1．-ing的形式2.-ing形式的基本用法(1)作主语：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
(2)作表语：Her job is washing and cooking.(3)作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语。
She likes drawing very much.②作某些短语动词的宾语。
Mary is thinking of going back to New York.③ do＋限定词(my, some, any, the等)＋v.-ing，表示“做…事”之如do some cleaning打扫卫生do some shopping购物④作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics.⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading.只接动词-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有：admit 承认appreciate 感激avoid 避免put off推迟keep 保持consider 考虑delay/ postpone耽搁dislike 嫌恶resist 抵制mention 提及enjoy 喜欢escape 避免excuse 原谅practice 练习mind介意fancy想不到feel like 意欲finish 完成risk 冒险include 包括forgive 原谅give up 放弃suggest 建议miss 逃过imagine 想象can’t help 情不自禁involve 需要can’t stand无法忍受understand 理解常见的带介词to的短语：be used to 习惯be related to 与……有关get down to 着手做contribute to 贡献put one’s mind to全神贯注于give rise to 引起be equal to 胜任devote oneself to 献身于lead to 导致be opposed to 反对look forward to 盼望object to 反对stick to 坚持pay attention to 注意(4)作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old.(5)作宾语补足语：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。
非谓语动词-现在分词和过去分词(原创版,简单易学全面)(后附教师版)
非谓语动词——现在分词一、定义现在分词是由v+ing构成，具有动词的特征，在功能上具有adj.和adv.的特点，在句中可以做定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语等。
之前，即，not dong/not being done/not having done/not having been done.但在having done结构中，never应放在having和done之间，即，having never done。
翻译：Having never been there/Not having been there, I can’t tell you what the place is like.1.一般式：由v+ing构成，语态上表现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，在时间上表示进行或与谓语动词同时发生/存在的动作或状态。
填空：1) The girl ______(sing) for us is ten years old.2) _______(wear) a new pair of glasses, she can read easily.2. 完成式：having+done，语态上表示该现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，在时间上表示已完成或先于谓语动词的动作或状态。
填空：1) _______(receive) the letter, I know everything is all right.2) ________(have) my supper, I went out for a walk.3. 被动式：1）being done 2）having been done，语态上表示该现在分词短语与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系；时间上being done表示和谓语动词同时发生，having been done表示在谓语动词之前已发生或完成。
填空：The building _________(build) will be completed next year.三、现在分词的用法及功能（一）作定语1. 现在分词作定语时其逻辑主语为其所修饰的名词。
非谓语动词之现在分词和过去分词
3. Listening to the music, I felt relaxed. => While listening to the music, I felt relaxed.
4. Having taken the medicine, the patient felt better. => After having taken the medicine, the patient felt better.
答案
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1. Seeing the beautiful sunset, I felt calm. => While seeing the beautiful sunset, I felt calm.
2. Having finished my work, I went home. => After having finished my work, I went home.
5. Thinking about the past, she couldn't help crying. => While thinking about the past, she couldn't help crying.
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现在分词和过去分词的区别与 联系
语义上的区别
现在分词
表达现在进行的动作或存在的状态，具有主动性和正在 进行的特点。
过去分词
表达过去的动作或状态，具有被动性和完成的特点。
句法上的联系
现在分词和过去分词在句法 上具有密切的联系。它们都 可以作为形容词或副词在句 子中作定语或状语，修饰名 词或动词。
非谓语动词 (现在分词,过去分词)
2). 动词+宾语+宾补 a). 使义动词 send sb doing sth have/keep sb doing sth get sth doing(vi) get/keep sth done get sb done make oneself done
2. 找逻辑主语 如果没有连词，则确定用非谓语动词，首先确 定逻辑主语。 1). 如果非谓语动词没有逗号隔开时, 则逻辑主 语常常为最接近一个名词； 2). 如果非谓语动词有逗号隔开时，则 a). 非谓语动词放在句首,句中时，逻辑主语为 主句主语； b). 非谓语动词放在句末时； 主句主语； 逻辑主语 最接近一个名词 整个主句
2. ________many times , he still couldn't understand it . A. Having been told B. To be told C. He was told D. Though he was told 分析：句中用逗号隔开，且无连词引导，因此， 前面不是句子结构，只是句子的一个成分，故 选A，用非谓语动词作状语。
注意事项： (1)位置: 分词作状语时，位于句首或者句末;
(2) 逻辑主语: 主句主语；
(3) 省略句: 由when, while, though, although, if , as if, even if, before, after, unless等引导的从 句中；
a). 如果主句主语与从句主语相同，并且从句谓 语动词包括be时，则可以省去从句主语+be; When studying abroad, he studied hard. If invited to the party, I will go. b). 如果从句主谓是 it be时，也可省去； I will go and see if (it is) necessary. If so, please call me right away.
非谓语动词,现在分词过去分词
分词有现在分词（the Present Participle）和过去分词（the Past Participle），在句中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。
一、现在分词（一）分词的形式主动语态被动语态语态时态一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done其否定形式是在doing之前加上not【随时练】1). He ran back home at night, ______ (look) behind at times.2). ______ (tell) many times, the old man forgot the name of the supermarket.3). ______ (not get) well prepared, they decided to put off the meeting.【答案】1)looking 2)Having been told 3)Not having got(二) 分词在句中所做成分分词在句中可作定语、表语、状语、补足语等。
1、作定语分词作定语有两种形式。
它可以放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置定语。
有的放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置定语。
1）前置定语He is a promising young man. 他是一个有前途的年轻人。
Make less noise. There’s a sleeping child. 不要出太大声音，有个孩子在睡觉。
2）后置定语The young man running after Jim was the winner in the last year race.跟在吉姆身后跑的年轻人是去年比赛的冠军。
3）分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。
如：Those wishing to see the film star have been waiting for hours.(=Those who wish to see the film star have been waiting for hours.)想见那个电影明星的人已经等了几个小时。
非谓语动词之现在分词和过去分词
整理ppt
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4、作状语
现在分词与过去分词在作状语的区别 现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成
1. (Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory. When we see from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory.
(Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful. When the factory is seen from the top of the tower, the Factory looks beautiful.
And/When they were singing and laughing
整理ppt
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To serve the people well, I study hard.
In order that I can serve the people
well
整理ppt
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判断下列句子正误并改正：
1. To learn English well, a lot of practice must be done.
2. SSeeeeing from the hill, the city is more beautiful.
3. HHeeaattiendg , water will boil.
We must do a lot of practice.
4. Getting there, the door was found opened.
非谓语动词的七种形态的用法和含义
非谓语动词的七种形态的用法和含义
非谓语动词的七种形态包括不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词、分词短语、不定式短语和动名词短语。
1.不定式：to do，常用于表示目的、原因、结果、条件等。
例如：She went to the market to buy some vegetables.
2.动名词：doing，可作主语、宾语、表语等，常用于表示动作的
进行与持续。
例如：Reading is her favorite hobby.
3.现在分词：doing，表示与主语同时或者正在进行的动作。
例如：The boy standing over there is my friend.
4.过去分词：done，可用作形容词或者与助动词连用表示完成的
动作。
例如：The work was done by the team.
5.分词短语：having done，表示在完成某个动作之后发生的事情。
例如：Having finished her homework, she went to bed.
6.不定式短语：to be done，表示被动或者完成的动作。
例如：The report is to be submitted by tomorrow.
7.动名词短语：enjoying swimming，表示主语进行的动作是令人愉快的。
例如：She enjoys swimming in the sea.
除了以上七种形态外，非谓语动词还可以组成短语或者从句，常用于虚拟语气、句子的修饰、分句或者非限制性定语从句等。
完全掌握非谓语动词的用法对于提高英语写作和阅读水平非常重要。
非谓语动词的完成时态
非谓语动词的完成时态非谓语动词是指在句子中不充当谓语的动词形式。
其中，完成时态是非谓语动词的一种时态形式，用于表示动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成。
本文将详细介绍非谓语动词的完成时态的特点、用法以及常见的句型结构。
一、非谓语动词的完成时态的特点非谓语动词的完成时态有三种形式：现在分词的完成时态、过去分词的完成时态和不定式的完成时态。
其中，现在分词的完成时态用"having + 过去分词"表示；过去分词的完成时态用"have/has + 过去分词"表示；不定式的完成时态用"to + have + 过去分词"表示。
二、非谓语动词的完成时态的用法1. 表示动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成：Having finished his homework, he went out to play.（他做完作业后，出去玩了。
）2. 表示时间先后关系：After having studied English for several years, he can communicate with foreigners fluently.（学了几年英语后，他能够流利地与外国人交流。
）3. 表示原因、目的：He stayed up late studying, hoping to pass the exam.（他熬夜学习，希望能通过考试。
）4. 表示条件：To have passed the driving test, you need to practice more.（要通过驾驶考试，你需要多练习。
）三、非谓语动词的完成时态的句型结构1. 现在分词的完成时态：Having + 过去分词Having finished his work, he went home.（他完成工作后回家了。
）2. 过去分词的完成时态：have/has + 过去分词She has seen the movie before.（她以前看过这部电影。
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To serve the people well, I study hard.
In order that I can serve the people well
判断下列句子正误并改正：
1. To learn English well, a lot of practice must be done. 2. Seeing from the hill, the city Seen is more beautiful. 3. Heating , water will boil. Heated 4. Getting there, the door was found opened. We must do a lot of practice.
现在分词与过去分词的区别： 1.语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动 Do you know the woman talking to Tom? The soldier killed in the war was a doctor. 2. 时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成 Developing country发展中国家 Developed country 发达国家 boiling water 正在沸腾的水 boiled water已经烧开了的水
Finding the door locked,
He started early in order that he could get there on time. to get there on time
将下列非谓语短语改写为状语从句
1. Not knowing her address, I can’t write to her.
想加入本俱乐部的人在这里签名。
The man, who had been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.) (The man, having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.
由于被严重困扰，这个人几乎失去了记忆。
The bridge built last month needs repairing. 上个月建造的那座桥需要修理。
（3）分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后， 相当于一个定语从句。如：
Those who wish to join the club should sign here. (Those wishing to join this club should sign here.）
（4）过去分词作定语在意义上有两种可能：表示被动和 完成，只表完成。如：
the question discussed yesterday
昨天讨论的问题 （既表示被动也表示完成）
the fallen leaves
•落下的树叶 (只表示完成，不表示被动) 2、作表语 分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。如： She was too frightened to move. 她被吓得一动不动。 What you said is really inspiring. 你所说的真令人鼓舞。
Because I don’t know her address, I can’t write to her.
2. Entering the room, I saw a strange sight.
When I entered the room, I saw a strange sight.
3, Scolded by the teacher, he was very sad.
Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep.
Because he was so angry
They came into the classroom, singing and laughing.
And/When they were singing and laughing
5. Hearing her friend was badly hurt, she burst into tears.
When she had heard her friend was badly hurt, she burst into tears.
6. Knowing his team had won, he became happy at once.
After he was scolded by the teacher, he was very sad.
4.Not knowing where to go, he asked a policeman .
Because he didn’t know where to go, he asked a policeman.
we found the door open.
将下列状语从句改为非谓语 短语作状语： 1. Because she was moved by the hero, she decided to study harder. Moved by the hero,
2. When he found the door locked, he went home.
3、作宾语补足语
可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get 等词。
I saw him walking in the street. 我看见他在街上走。 I heard them singing in the classroom. 我听见他们在教室里唱歌。 We found the boy sleeping. 我们发现小孩睡着了。
After he knew his team had won, he became happy at once .
Homework Go over the notes you just took.
二、分词的作用 •1、作定语 分词作定语有两种形式。它可以放在被修饰的名词 之前，称为前置定语。有的放在被修饰的名词之后， 称为后置定语。 现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词 前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。 （1）前置定语 Make less noise. There’s a sleeping child. We only sell used books. 我们只卖用过的书。 （2）后置定语 The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper. 坐在John和Mary之间的那个年轻男人是校园新闻报的编辑。
Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. When they heard the bad news
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. If they had been given more attention
非谓语动词 之 现在分词和过去分词
Grammar
分词：Participles
一 分词的概述
1. 分词是“非谓语动词”的另一种形式，它有两种形式： 现在分词（Present Participle）和过去分词（Past Participle）。 2. 现在分词：doing 过去分词：done 3.分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用。在句中 作表语、定语状语和宾语补足语。
A）I heard my brother ( singing , sung ) in the next room B）I heard the song ( singing , sung ) in English .
4、作状语
现在分词与过去分词在作状语的区别 现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成 1. (Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory. When we see from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory. (Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful. When the factory is seen from the top of the tower, the Factory looks beautiful. 2. (Hearing/heard) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. When they heard the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. 3. (Giving/Given) more time, we could do it better. If we were given more time, we could do it better.