英国文学—浪漫主义运动时代

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英国文学浪漫主义时期

英国文学浪漫主义时期
Disparity was growing between the rich and the poor;
Ideologically
The principle of Ration was giving way to an individualized, free, liberal, imaginative attitude towards life;
Exoticism: Along with Nationalism, the Romantics even developed the love of the exotic. Hence, in many of the literary as well as artistic works of that period, the far off and mysterious locations were depicted. Though this was completely opposite from the ideal of Nationalism, they never clashed with each other. The reason for this is that just like the exotic locations, the people did not know about the folklore of their places before, and so they seemed to be as vague as the far away places. Exoticism is also one of the most prominent characteristics of Romanticism in art, along with sentimentality and spirituality.

英国文学史--最全总结中英

英国文学史--最全总结中英

盎格鲁撒克逊时代426—1066盎格鲁诺曼时代1066—1350Chaucder乔叟时代 1350—1485莎士比亚时代1564—1636清教徒时代 Puritan 1636—1660古典主义时代 1660—1744约翰逊时代 1744—1785浪漫主义时代1786—1832维多利亚时代 1832—1900现代第一章Anglo-Saxon (426—1066)旧约:上帝创世纪新约:耶稣古英语诗歌分为的世俗的1.Beowulf 史诗(三千行的长诗,关于英雄战绩的故事)2.文字来源于日耳曼系3.基督教的文学:瑞特文的故事Caedmon第二章Angol-Norman(1066—1350)中世纪英语:基督教义,自我拯救1.传奇文学---传奇的兴起Romances1)容:传奇好像现在的长篇,有诗,有散文唯一的描写古代的高贵的英雄所经历的冒险生活和恋爱故事。

2)产生:传奇文学完全是由中世纪的“骑士制度”(Chivalry)所产生的,骑士制度的精神产物就是传奇文学所以他们和平民丝毫没有关系,且平民也绝写不出这一类的文字。

3)分类:不列颠的事迹 the matter of Britain法国的事迹罗马的事迹第三章:乔叟的时代(1350—1458)背景:百年战争(The Hundred’s War)1.Geoffrey Chaucer:文艺复兴以前,英国文学界最伟大的人物。

The Canterbury Tales1)三个阶段:第一时期--早年—模仿法国简短的情歌和寓言第二时期—研究意大利文艺的时期第三时期—在文学上成功的时期,为他自己以国文写作的时期2).近代诗人英文作家中,第一个以浪漫作风写男女日常生活的人3).特点:反对迫害,反对禁欲,文艺复兴的报春者a他在英语上发明音调b他把英国中部的日常言语加以修改,以告成英文与英国文学。

c完美的音律,倾向于音乐化d 创设接近社会生活的作品;眼光思想都很广阔;音乐的眼光第四章:民间文学1.歌谣的来源:歌德Geothe说:民歌的价值,全在直接从“自然“中得到它的原动力。

英国文学发展概述(3)

英国文学发展概述(3)

英国文学发展概述(3)五、浪漫主义时期文学(1798-1832)18世纪末、19世纪初,英国诗风大变。

苏格兰农民诗人罗伯特·彭斯(Robert Burns, 1759-1796)给英国诗坛带来一股新鲜的气息。

他的抒情诗自然生动,感情真挚,讽刺诗尖锐锋利,妙趣横生。

威廉·布莱克(William Blake, 1757-1827)是版画家兼诗人,想象奇特,极富个性。

他的短诗意象鲜明,语言清新,后期的长诗内容比较晦涩。

他在诗歌中建立起自己一套独特的神话体系,具有神秘主义色彩。

布莱克的革命性、独创性和复杂性使他成为浪漫主义诗歌的先驱。

1798年,威廉·华兹华斯(William Wordsworth, 1770-1850)与塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 1772-1834)合作出版了一本小诗集《抒情歌谣集》(Lyrical Ballads ),其中大部分诗歌出自华兹华斯之手,用简朴的语言描写简朴的生活。

《抒情歌谣集》的问世标志着英国浪漫主义文学的真正崛起。

华兹华斯在1802年诗集再版时写的序中对诗歌作出了著名定义:“好诗是强烈感情的自然流溢”。

浪漫主义是对新古典主义的反拨:诗歌内容不再是对现实的反映或道德说教,而是诗人内心涌出的真实感情;诗歌语言不是模仿经典作家去追求高雅精致,而是要贴近普通人的日常用语。

浪漫主义诗人崇尚自然,主张返朴归真。

浪漫主义是一个比较笼统的概念,每个诗人各有其特征。

同样是“湖畔派”诗人,华兹华斯将大自然视为灵感的源泉,自然美景能给人力量和愉悦,具有疗效作用,使人的心灵净化和升华,柯勒律治则赋予自然神奇色彩,擅长描绘瑰丽的超自然幻景。

乔治·戈登·拜伦(George Gordon Byron, 1788-1824)和波西·比希·雪莱(Percy Bysshe Shelley, 1792-1822)属于革命诗人,但拜伦自我表现意识强烈,而雪莱深受柏拉图哲学影响,憧憬美丽的理想和理念。

英国文学浪漫主义时期 ppt课件

英国文学浪漫主义时期 ppt课件

Historical Background
Politically: the French Revolution
"Declaration of Rights of Man" (1791-2), Thomas Paine
"Inquiry concerning Political Justice" (1793), William Godwin
a tendency to turn or escape from the tumultuous嘈杂的动乱的and confusing society
Characteristics of Romanticism
•Love of Nature: The Romantics greatly emphasized on the importance of nature, and one of the main characteristics of Romanticism in poetry is the beauty of nature found in the country life. This was mainly because the industrial revolution had taken man from the peaceful country life towards the city life, transforming man's natural order. Nature was not only appreciated for its physical beauty by the Romantics, but also for its ability to help the urban man find his true identity.

英美文学史之英国文学 浪漫主义

英美文学史之英国文学  浪漫主义

英美文学史5浪漫主义俩个时期的代表人物:第一代:布莱克、彭斯、华兹华斯第二代:拜伦、雪莱、济慈The Romantic Period(1798-1832)浪漫主义----Romantic writing emphasizes emotionsand feelings instead of reason and logic . 浪漫主义强调的是情感和感觉而不是理性和逻辑。

The time begins with the publication of Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads(1798),ending with Walter Scott’s death(1832)浪漫主义开始的标志是华兹华斯的《抒情诗集》(他和S.T Coleridge联合发表的)发表,结束于斯科特的去世。

一.俩大派别:Lake poets湖畔派诗人(又称:Escapist poets逃避诗人Negativepoets消极诗人): Wordsworth华兹华斯、Southey骚赛、Coleridge柯勒律治Satanic poets魔鬼派(又称:Active poets积极诗人) :Lord Byron拜伦、Shelley雪莱、Keats济慈二.William Wordsworth威廉.华兹华斯-----poet-laureate桂冠诗人Lake poets湖畔派诗人(又称:Escapist poets逃避诗人Negative poets消极诗人):Wordsworth华兹华斯、Southey骚赛、Coleridge柯勒律治作品:I wandered Lonely as a Cloud我孤独的漫游,像云朵一样(选自The Daffodils《黄水仙》)She Dwelt Among theUntrodden Ways她居住在人迹罕至的地方(mourning悲伤的、Dwelt居住)补充了解:1.其他作品Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey丁登寺、The Prelude序曲(自传性诗歌Autobiographical poetry)、The Excursion、the Lucy poems《露西诗》2.Symbols are objects used to represent abstract ideas or concepts.符号是用来代表抽象事物的概念His style:simplicity and purity of the language,love of nature,fighting against the conventional forms of the 18th century poetry.简单而纯洁的语言,反传统形式的18世纪诗歌。

试论英国文学浪漫主义运动及其对中国文学的影响

试论英国文学浪漫主义运动及其对中国文学的影响

试论英国文学浪漫主义运动及其对中国文学的影响作者:张翼王加宁陈礼柏边冀昭来源:《神州·中旬刊》2017年第11期摘要:在世界文学艺术的宝藏里,浪漫主义文学是不可或缺的组成部分,一直以来备受文艺欣赏与学术研究界的关注,自五四新文化运动以来,新诞生的中国浪漫主义文学也受到了英国文学浪漫主义运动的影响。

在本文中首先论述了英国文学浪漫主义运动的发展起源及表现特征,进而阐述了对于中国浪漫主义文学的影响。

关键词:英国文学;浪漫主义运动;中国文学一、英国文学浪漫主义运动发展和起源英国的工业革命始于十八世纪六十年代,经济得到了高速的发展的同时带动了物质文明的发展。

英国在十九世纪三十年代成了世界工厂,产生了资产阶级。

由于经济的发展速度过快,人性与道德的光辉逐渐被掩盖,人们开始追逐金钱利益,催生了拜金主义,这时,一些觉醒了的浪漫主义先驱开始运用文学作品来对抗资产阶段金钱至上的价值观。

欧洲的启蒙运动始于十七世纪的下半叶,启蒙运动让人们的思想获得了自由,从天主教思想的禁锢之下解脱出来,不再处于被蒙蔽的状态,但是到了后期思想的发展又过于理性,对于人性与情感太过压抑。

这种状态一直持续到十八世纪末,人们无法忍受太过严苛的理性,开始崇尚感情的自然流露。

在这种社会背景之下,诗人们、作家们在为了逃避现实,沉浸在非理性的世界里寻找心灵的慰籍,有的在寻求美,有的在追求精神上的满足。

法国于一七八九年爆发资产阶级革命,并以自由、平等、博爱为目标。

法国革命对于英国民众产生了巨大的影响,当时在英国诗坛最活跃的一些诗人,写了大量的诗篇,来歌颂法国革命,宣扬进步的思想。

在英国文坛还有雪莱、拜伦等著名人物写下了恒久流传的巨作,表达了对于人权自由的向往、与封建思想的挑战。

在以上论述的三大背景之下,诞生了英国浪漫主义文学运动,这场运动持续时间非常长,从十八世纪末一直到十九世纪三十年代,诗歌作为主要的文学表现形式,具有独特的艺术魅力,充分抒发了内在细腻的情感。

(完整版)英国文学发展概述(3)

(完整版)英国文学发展概述(3)

英国文学发展概述(3)五、浪漫主义时期文学(1798-1832)18世纪末、19世纪初,英国诗风大变。

苏格兰农民诗人罗伯特·彭斯(Robert Burns, 1759-1796)给英国诗坛带来一股新鲜的气息。

他的抒情诗自然生动,感情真挚,讽刺诗尖锐锋利,妙趣横生。

威廉·布莱克(William Blake, 1757-1827)是版画家兼诗人,想象奇特,极富个性。

他的短诗意象鲜明,语言清新,后期的长诗内容比较晦涩。

他在诗歌中建立起自己一套独特的神话体系,具有神秘主义色彩。

布莱克的革命性、独创性和复杂性使他成为浪漫主义诗歌的先驱。

1798年,威廉·华兹华斯(William Wordsworth, 1770-1850)与塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 1772-1834)合作出版了一本小诗集《抒情歌谣集》(Lyrical Ballads ),其中大部分诗歌出自华兹华斯之手,用简朴的语言描写简朴的生活。

《抒情歌谣集》的问世标志着英国浪漫主义文学的真正崛起。

华兹华斯在1802年诗集再版时写的序中对诗歌作出了著名定义:“好诗是强烈感情的自然流溢”。

浪漫主义是对新古典主义的反拨:诗歌内容不再是对现实的反映或道德说教,而是诗人内心涌出的真实感情;诗歌语言不是模仿经典作家去追求高雅精致,而是要贴近普通人的日常用语。

浪漫主义诗人崇尚自然,主张返朴归真。

浪漫主义是一个比较笼统的概念,每个诗人各有其特征。

同样是“湖畔派”诗人,华兹华斯将大自然视为灵感的源泉,自然美景能给人力量和愉悦,具有疗效作用,使人的心灵净化和升华,柯勒律治则赋予自然神奇色彩,擅长描绘瑰丽的超自然幻景。

乔治·戈登·拜伦(George Gordon Byron, 1788-1824)和波西·比希·雪莱(Percy Bysshe Shelley, 1792-1822)属于革命诗人,但拜伦自我表现意识强烈,而雪莱深受柏拉图哲学影响,憧憬美丽的理想和理念。

浪漫主义时期英国文学

浪漫主义时期英国文学

五.浪漫主义时期(1798年-1832年)托马斯·格雷(Thomas Gray):“感伤主义”(Sentimentalism)诗人。

“墓园派诗人”(graveyard school)。

代表作《墓园挽诗》(An Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard)。

威廉·布莱克(William Blake):诗人,代表作《天真之歌》(Songs of Innocence),《经验之歌》(Songs of Experience)。

罗伯特·彭斯(Robert Burns):苏格兰杰出的农民诗人。

作品:《一朵红红的玫瑰》(A Red, Red Rose),《昔日的好时光》(Auld Lang Syne)。

威廉·华兹华斯(William Wordsworth):“湖畔派”诗人(Lake poets),“桂冠诗人”(Poet Laureate)。

代表作《独自云游》(I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud),《孤寂的割麦女》(The Solitary Reaper),《丁登寺杂咏》(Lines Composed a Few Miles about Tintern Abbey),《序曲》(The Prelude)。

塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge):“湖畔派”诗人(Lake poets)。

代表作《古舟子咏》(The Rime of the Ancient Marine),《忽必烈汗》(Kubla Khan),《克里斯塔贝尔》(Christabel)。

罗伯特·骚塞(Robert Southey):最年轻的“湖畔派”诗人(Lake poets),“桂冠诗人”(Poet Laureate)。

代表作短诗《布莱尼姆之战》(The Battle of Blenheim),《我与死者做伴的日子已经结束》(My Days among the Dead are Past),《撒拉巴》(Thalaba the Destroyer),长诗《克哈马的诅咒》(The Curse of Kehama)。

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10. “Dare to be” is a better motto than “dare to know.”
Are you Romantic?
Tally up your number of As:
3 or fewer As = not romantic 4 or 5 As = sort of romantic 6 or 7 As = highly romantic 8-10 As = extremely romantic Has your idea of the word Romantic changed in any way? If so, how?
5. Knowledge is gained through gut reactions and subjective hunches rather than level-headed, objective, rational thought.
6. Nature is more impracteristics of the Romantic Era
1. Common Man and Childhood over Urban Sophistication Romantics believed in the natural goodness of humans, which is hindered by the urban life of civilization. They believed that the savage is noble, childhood is good and the emotions inspired by both beliefs causes the heart to soar.
Let’s take a step back to the Age of Reason to better understand the Romantic Era
Age of Reason vs. Romantic Era
In the Age of Reason, Writers stressed: • Reason and Judgement • Concern with the universal experience • The value of society as a whole • The value of rules
Which characteristics of the Romantic Era does this painting evoke?
William Turner. Arundel Castle, with Rainbow, 1824
Which characteristics of the Romantic Era does this painting evoke?
Lord Byron
• He indulged in excesses and had huge debts and many love affairs • His most famous creations are his dark heroes, called Byronic heroes, who, in fact, were not heroes at all, but stood out from ordinary humans as larger than life
William Blake, Jacob’s Ladder, 1799-1806 (English)
Which characteristics of the Romantic Era does this painting evoke?
John Constable, The White Horse, 1819 (English)
3. The use of one’s imagination is more important than rational (based on reason or fact) thought.
4. Subjectivity (personally biased) is more important than objectivity (unbiased).
To the Romantics, nature provided the pattern on which to base their creative lives.
The Romantics watched as cities grew, industry prospered and farming life declined. In an effort to reclaim nature, the Romantics made it a central force in their lives and their literature. Nature was celebrated as a source of delight, an image of love, and a model of moral perfection.
Romanticism
• The words Romantic or Romance originally referred to Medieval tales of knights written in the original Roman language - Latin. These tales often included love stories between a knight and his lady - resulting in the modern meaning of romance. • When talking about the Romantic Era in literature, we are actually referring to romantic as “freely imaginative fiction” and not romantic as in “romantic love”
2. Emotions over Reason Romantics believed that knowledge is gained through intuition rather than deduction. This is best summed up by Wordsworth who stated that “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.”
The Romantic Era in British Literature
1798-1832
What does it mean to call something Romantic?
Take a few minutes and jot down your thoughts on a sheet of notebook paper. Brainstorm a list, or write a paragraph of your ideas about the word Romantic.
For each statement, write down “A” if you agree or “D” if you disagree 1. The answers to life’s most puzzling questions can be found through discussions with a simple person who lives in the country close to nature—not with a sophisticated, welleducated person from the city. 2. The answer to life’s most puzzling questions can be found through a connection with nature.
4. The Individual over Society Romantics often elevated the achievements of the misunderstood, heroic individual outcast. 5. Imagination over Logic Romantics legitimized the individual imagination as a critical authority.
Byron Percy Shelley John Keats
Lord
William Wordsworth
• Helped to launch the Romantic Age • His most famous work is The Prelude chronicles the spiritual life of the poet • Has an interest and sympathy for the life and troubles of the “common man” • He is considered the nature poet by focusing ordinary people in country settings
What Romantic Era themes does this painting evoke?
John Constable, Dedham Church and Vale, 1800
Five Major Romantic Era Poets
William Wordsworth William Blake
In the Romantic Era, Writers stressed: • Imagination and Emotion • Concern with the particular experience • The value of the individual human being • The value of freedom
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