英汉翻译作业

1．翻译下列句子，注意定语从句的译法
1) He is wisest that is honest.
诚实者最明智。

2）He is rich, which I unfortunately am not.
他很富有，遗憾的是，我却不富有。

3) He said he had no time, which isn’t true.
他说他没有时间，这并不是真的。

4) He has asked me to prepare a paper which he will circulate.
他要求我准备一份文件，以便用来传阅。

5) Archimedes’principle applies to all fluids, by which we mean all liquids and gases.
阿基米德理论适用于所有流体，用流体意味着所有的液体和气体。

6) The longest glacier so far discovered in China, the Karagul, which is 34 km. in length, is located here.
卡拉古尔冰川有34公里长，是我国到目前为止发现的最长的冰川。

7）This is a college of science and technology, the students of which are trained to be engineers or scientists.
这事一个科学技术学校，这里的学生被培养成为工程师和科学家。

8) After regular intervals which depend partly upon the amount of traffic carried and partly upon the local conditions, the so-called “permanent way”requires replacement.
每隔一段时间之后，所谓“永久性道路”就需要更换。

这段时间很短，部分取决于运输量，部分取决于当地的条件。

9) So what do the Americans think of the foreign visitors who arrive for the torrid heat, just when locals from the United States tended to avoid Death Valley？
美国本地人对死谷避之唯恐不及，国外旅客却纷纷为炎炎烈日而至，对此美国人是怎么看得呢？
10）They seemed to enjoy those rewards which they had purchased by a course of unremitting fatigue and by victories which almost exceeded belief.
他们对这些酬劳看来是很得意的，这些酬劳是他们历经千辛万苦，通过取得许多次令人难以置信的胜利得来的！
2．段落翻译
Culture Shock
Do you think studying in a different country is something that sounds very exciting? Like many young people who leave home to study in another country, do you think you would have lots of desirable fun? Certainly, it is a new experience, which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom.
你认为在异国求学听起来有些兴奋吗？像很多年轻人离开家乡到另一个国家学习，你觉得你会有很多值得拥有的乐趣吗？当然，它是一种新的经历，能够带来发现迷人事情的机会和自由的感觉。

In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will encounter. Because your views may clash with the different beliefs, norms, values, and traditions that exist in different countries, you may have difficulty adjusting to a new culture and to those parts of the culture not familiar to you. This is culture shock. Evidently, at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur.
尽管有这些优势，但是，你也会遭遇一些挑战。

因为你的看法可能与存在于不同地区的信念、规范、价值观念和传统发生冲突，你也许会有困难去调整自己来适应新文化和那些不熟悉的文化。

这就是文化冲击。

明显的，至少四个必不可少的文化冲击调整阶段要发生。

3. 用顺译法翻译下列句子
1）In the factory of the future, designers will not need production engineers to tell them whether a new product will work and how much it will cost.
在工厂的未来里，设计师将不需要生产工程师告诉他们新产品成效怎样和开销怎样。

2）We depend upon the sun’s rays for the light and warmth which keep us alive, but there are some kinds of rays from the sun which would burn us to death if we were not protected from them.
我们依靠太阳光线来获取光和温暖以保持生活，但是有些来自地球的光线会把我们焚烧致死，如果我们没有保护自己免受伤害。

3）And if this something else is rightly chosen, if it is really attended by the illumination of another field of interest, gradually, and often quite swiftly, the old undue grip relaxes and the process of recuperation and repair begins.
如果选得合适，而且的确受到别的领域的情趣的启迪，那么渐渐地，往往也是很顺利的，原先不适当的紧张就会松弛下来，恢复和修整的
过程就会开始。

4．用逆译法翻译下列句子
1）A student of mathematics must become familiar with all the signs and symbols commonly used in mathematics and bear them in mind and be well versed in the definitions, and formulas as well as the technical terms in the field of mathematics, in order that he may be able to build up the foundation of the mathematical subject and master it well for pursuing advanced study.
一个数学系学生必须变得对那些在数学中普遍使用的符号和表征了如指掌，将它们牢记在心，并且做到精通数学领域的术语和公式，以使他能很好的建立起数学学科的基础并得以掌握，在学习中不断追求进步。

2）It was our view that the United States could be effective in both the tasks assigned by the President, i.e., of ending hostilities, and making a contribution to a permanent peace in the Middle East—if we conducted ourselves so that we could remain in permanent contact with all of these elements in the equation.
在我们的意识中，如果我们采取行动以便能够继续与中东问题各方始终保持接触,那么我们美国就能有效地担当起总统所提出的两项任务,那就是在中东结束敌对行动以及对该地区的永久和平作出贡献。