英语词汇学试题

I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. （10分）

1. Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of ________construct. (D)

A. root

B.form

C. morpheme

D. word

2 Semantics is the study of meaning of different ________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. (A)

A. linguistic

B. grammatical

C. arbitrary

D. semantic

3 Terminology consists of ______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas. (A)

A. technical

B. artistic

C. different

D. academic

4 Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on _____meanings. (B)

A. old

B. new

C. bad

D. good

5. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called ______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category. (C)

A. content

B. notional

C. empty

D. new

6. The Normans invaded England from France in 1066. The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of _____words into English. (A)

A. French

B. Greek

C. Roman

D. Latin

7.______ are contained in words trans-world, intra-party and forehead.(C)

A. Prefixes of orientation and attitude

B. Prefixes of time and order

C. Locative prefixes

D. Prefixes of degree or size

8. _________ are affective words as they are expressions of emotions such as oh, dear me, alas.(B)

A. Prepositions

B.Interjections

C. Exclamations

D. Explanations

9. It is noticeable that _______overlaps with stylistic and affective meanings because in a sense both stylistic and affective meanings are revealed by means of collocations.(D)

A. conceptual meaning

B. grammatical meaning

C. lexical meaning

D. collocative meaning

10.In the same language, the same concept can be expressed in ______.(D)

A. only one word

B. two words

C. more than three

D. different words

II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.

1. There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namely synchronic and _______.(diachronic)

2. Language study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar and_______.(vocabulary)

3. __________ is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class. (conversion)

4. _________ is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word . Words formed in this way are called blends or _____words. (Blending(portmanteau))

5 A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead. This is called _______. (clipping)

III. Choose a suitable word to fill in each bland (每小题1分，共16)

4. She is in some way ____ (ripe, mature) and some ways rather a child.

5. After sustained effort, they have found ______ (effective, efficient) ways of reducing pollution.

7. I was so _____ (fatigued, tired) as to be obliged to retire at the same time as the _______ (children, kids).

10. He ______ (refused, declined) to accept the political advice which was offered.

13. ______ (Penalties, Fines) for overdue books will be strictly enforced.

1. mature

2. effective

3.fatigued, children

4. refused

5. Penalties

IV. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Simple words in English are usually non-motivated. T

2. Lexical meaning is dominant in content words. T

3. Componential analysis has no disadvantages. F

4. A special dictionary deals with one sector of the lexicon of the language. T

5. Words in the same semantic field do not have a number of collocations in common. F

V. Define the following terms (每小题5分，共20分)

1. Morpheme

2. free morpheme

3. stem

4. Reference

5. Hyponymy(上下义关系)

1. Morpheme(语素):the minimal meaningful unit(the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words)

2. Free morphemes: Those which may occur alone, that is, those which may constitute words by themselves, are free morphemes.

3. A stem is the surplus part after the cutting of inflectional morpheme in a word with inflectional morphemes,can be further analyzed, it sometimes could be a root.

4. Reference is the conventional or arbitrary relationship between language and the world. Part of the word meaning is the reference.

5. Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion. The meaning of a more specific word is included in that of another more general word. For example, a cat is hyponym of animal

VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.

1.What is the classification idioms?

2.What is grammatical meaning of a word? Give an example to illustrate your point.

1. According to the grammatical functions, idioms may be classified into five groups:

(1) Idioms nominal in nature. Idioms of this class have a noun as the key word in each and function as a noun in sentence.

(2) Idioms adjectival in nature. All the idioms of this kind function as adjectives but the constituents are not adjectives.

(3) Idioms verbal in nature. This is the largest group of all. The structures of such idioms are quite complex and thus can be subdivided into phrasal verbs and other verb phrases. Phrasal verbs are idioms which are composed of a verb plus a prep and / or a particle.

(4) Idioms adverbial in nature. This class contains numerous prepositional phrases, which in nature are either adjectival or adverbial and in many cases have both functions at the same time.

(5) Sentence idioms. All idioms of this category are complete sentences. They are mainly proverbs and sayings, including colloquialisms and catchphrases. As far as sentence types are concerned, they embrace declarative, interrogative, imperative and exclamative sentence. In terms of complexity they can be further divided into simple, compound and complex sentences.

2. Grammatical meaning refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships such as part of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional forms. For example, forget (base verb), forgets (the 3rd person singular form), forgot (past form), forgotten (past participle), forgetting (present participle).

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