高考英语语法考点精华

高考英语语法考点整理词法冠词、不定冠词★要点：●对于the与a, an的理解（弄请“特指”与“泛指”）●牢记常见固定搭配（词组/ 短语）●牢记只能用the或只能用零冠词的几种情况◇例题：1. A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in _____ leg.（2001年）A. aB. oneC. theD. his2. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _____ good knowledge of basic word information.（2002年）A. /B. theC. aD. one3. I earn 10 dollars _____ hour as _____ supermarket cashier on Sundays.（2003年）A. a, anB. the, aC. an, aD. an, the名词★要点：●常用的修饰名词，表示名词数量的词组辨析●一些常见名词的不规则单复数变化●名词的所有格(’s / of) 及双重所有格(of +’s)●名词的单复数与谓语的关系●名词修饰名词◇例题：1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _____ of desert _____ covered the land.（2001年）A. number, hasB. quantity, hasC. number, haveD. quantity, have2. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _____ pictures of them. （2003年）A. large amount ofB. masses ofC. the number ofD. many of代词★要点：●人称代词（主格/ 宾格）、物主代词、反身代词●指示代词（it, that, this）的用法•it的用法：指代上文中的物或事；用作表示年份、时间、季节、气候的主语；用作形式主语或形式宾语•that 在同类事物的比较句中的用法●不定代词：•another, other(s), the others• both, either, neither, all, none• one, some, any, many, much, (a)few, (a)little• each, every●复合不定代词：（与形容词的位置关系）-thing, -one, -body◇例题：1. Both team were in hard training; _____ was willing to lose the game. （2001年）A. eitherB. neitherC. anotherD. the other2. Shanghai is really a nice city and we decided to stay for _____ two weeks. （2003年）A. anotherB. otherC. the otherD. other’s3. I had to buy ____ these books since I didn’t know which one was the best. （2004年）A. bothB. noneC. neitherD. all4. No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of ___. （2005年）A. eitherB. the otherC. othersD. another数词★要点：●分数、时间、编码的用法●hundred, thousand, million, billion, score, dozen + s + of表示数量多●表示数量单位的词作定语的用法形容词•副词★要点：●形容词在句中的位置（前置定语/ 后置定语/ 表语）●多个形容词的排序●形容词与副词的转换（-ly）●副词在句中的位置（动词的前后）●常用程度副词的辨析：very, much, (by)far, quite, rather, fairly, too, so, such, enough, badly,much too, almost, nearly, hardly, that, this…●形容词与副词的比较级与最高级：•不规则变化；•比较级的修饰词；•降级比较；•比较级表示最高级；•as…as的用法（倍数的位置）；•the more…the more的用法；•no+比较级+than与not+比较级+than的用法辨析◇例题：1. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the farther we go, ____. （2001年）A. our holiday will be betterB. our holiday will be the betterC. the better our holiday will beD. the better will our holiday be2. As I know, there is _____ car in this neighborhood. （2001年）A. no suchB. no aC. not suchD. no such a3. As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, _____. （2002年）A. the more for life are you equippedB. the more equipped for life you areC. the more life you are equipped forD. you are equipped the more for life4. The house rent is expensive. I have got about half the space I had at home and I’m paying _____ here. （2003年）A. as three times muchB. as much three timesC. much as three timesD. three times as much5. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _____ a native speaker. （2004年）A. as fluent asB. more fluent thanC. so fluently asD. much fluently than6. At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _____ Great Britain. （2005年）A. three times the size asB. the size three times ofC. three times as the size ofD. three times the size of动词★要点：●连系动词的语法功能：（+表语）●延续动词和瞬间动词的转化●情态动词的用法：can, may, must, need, dare, shall, should, ought to●＊情态动词+have done的用法●动词的时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来进行时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时）●动词的语态：（注意：用主动表被动的情况）●＊动词虚拟语气◇例题：1. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _____. （2001年）A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would surviveD. will survive2. –Will you go skiing with me this winter vacation? –It _____. （2002年）A. is all dependedB. all dependsC. is all dependingD. all depend3. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ____ from the university next year. （2002年）A. will graduateB. will have graduatedC. graduatesD. is to graduate4. I feel it is your husband who _____ for the spoiled child. （2002年）A. is to blameB. is going to blameC. is to be blamedD. should blame5. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ____it. （2003年）A. doesn’t mentionB. hadn’t mentionedC. didn’t mentionD. hasn’t mentioned6. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945 and their power _____ increased enormously ever since. （2004年）A. isB. wasC. has beenD. had been7. The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _____ to eat more fruit and vegetables. （2004年）A. persuadeB. will persuadeC. be persuadedD. are persuaded8. More than a dozen students in that school _____ abroad to study medicine last year.（2005年）A. sentB. were sentC. had sentD. had been sent●非谓语动词的用法：•理解非谓语的概念、基本形态（doing, done, to do）及时态变化•非谓语动词做主语（it做形式主语；动名词的复合结构）•非谓语动词做表语•非谓语动词做宾语（it做形式宾语；部分动词+doing与+to do的辨析；动名词的复合结构；动词不定式做宾语时的省略）•非谓语动词做宾语补足语（动词不定式做部分动词的宾补时“to”的省略以及在被动句中“to”的还原）•非谓语动词做定语（-ing和-ed分词的辨析）•非谓语动词做状语（分词结构的逻辑主语和主句的逻辑主语一致）◇例题：1. The bell _____ the end of the class rang, _____ our heated discussion. （2001年）A. indicating, interruptingB. indicated, interruptingC. indicating, interruptedD. indicated, interrupted2. Finding her car stolen, _______. （2001年）A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searched thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help3. I really appreciate _____ to relax with you on this nice island. （2001年）A. to have had timeB. having timeC. to have timeD. to having time4. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _____. （2001年）A. he’d like to collect coins as wellB. he feels like collecting coins, tooC. to collect coins is also his hobbyD. collecting coins also pleases him5. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving _____ their products more competitive. （2002年）A. to makeB. makingC. to have madeD. having made6. Quite a few people used to believe that disaster ___if a mirror was broken. （2002年）A. was sure of strikingB. was sure of having struckC. was sure to be struckD. was sure to strike7. Though _____ money, his parents managed to send him to university. （2002年）A. lackedB. lacking ofC. lackingD. lacked in8. Don’t use words, expressions or phrases_____only to people with specific knowledge. （2002年）A. being knownB. having knownC. to be knownD. known9. _____ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. （2002年）A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposedD. After being exposed10. The discovery of new evidence led to _____. （2003年）A. the thief having caughtB. catch the thiefC. the thief being caughtD. the thief to be caught11. Generally speaking, when _____ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. （2003年）A. takingB. takenC. to takeD. to be taken12. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____ clear warning before firing any shots. （2003年）A. to issueB. being issuedC. to have issuedD. to be issued13. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _____ road conditions need _____. （2003年）A. that, to be improvedB. which, to be improvedC. where, improvingD. when, improving14. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week _____ TV.（2004年）A. to watchB. to watchingC. watchingD. watch15. The flu is believed _____ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. （2004年）A. causingB. being causedC. to be causedD. be have caused16. The flowers _____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. （2004年）A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt17. The disc, digitally _____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party. （2004年）A. recordedB. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded18. Having been attacked by terrorists, _____. （2004年）A. doctors cane to their rescueB. the tall building collapsedC. an emergency measure was takenD. warnings were given to tourists19. –English has large vocabulary, hasn’t it?–Yes, _____ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.（2004年）A. KnowB. KnowingC. To knowD. Known20. He got well prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk ___ the good opportunity. （2005年）A. to loseB. losingC. to be lostD. being lost21. _____ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supplybreakdowns. （2005年）A. PutB. PuttingC. Having putD. Being put22. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _____ a look at the sports stars. （2005年）A. hadB. havingC. to haveD. have23. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _____ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. （2005年）A. takingB. takenC. having takenD. being taken24. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _____ down to eat our picnic lunch. （2005年）A. sittingB. having satC. to sitD. sat介词★要点：●牢记固定的介词词组●准确把握重要介词的用法●辨析意义相近的介词◇例题：1. The sunlight came in _____ the windows in the roof and lit up the room. （2001年）A. throughB. acrossC. onD. over2. Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain _____ an inch. （2002年）A. byB. atC. toD. from3. The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism ___ the wildlife in the area. （2003年）A. inB. onC. atD. with4. The accident is reported to have occurred _____ the first Sunday in February.（2004年）A. atB. onC. inD. to5. John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School _____ the beginning of March. 05 （2005年）A. onB. forC. withD. at词法巩固练习1. We elected him _____ headmaster of the school for _____ second time.A. /, aB. the, aC. the, /D. /, /2. The size of the generation gap seems to be spreading with _______ rapid changes in technology, in education, in transportation and in communication that are taking place all over _____ globe.A. the, theB. the, /C. /, /D. /, the3. Mr. White is studying _______ science of sound day and night. I’ve never seen ______more diligent person like him.A. /, theB. the, theC. a, aD. the, a4. What do you think of the _____ that Mrs. Smith bought last month?A. sport carB. sports carC. car’s sportD. cars sports5. My sister had beautiful black long _____ but I could see some white _____.A. hairs, hairB. hair, hairsC. hairs, hairsD. hair, hair6. ______ of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life.A. Certain quantityB. A large numberC. Some amountD. A good amount7. You will at best be able to read only a few of all the books and _______you do read should include the best.A. very fewB. a fewC. the fewD. few8. With China’s accession into the WTO, we are facing a good opportunity, ______ will lead to our prosperity.A. oneB. itC. the oneD. that9. I would appreciate ______ very much if you could give me some suggestions.A. thisB. thatC. itD. you10. You will find as you read fiats book that you just can't keep some of these stones to ______. You will want to share them with a friend.A. itselfB. yourselfC. himselfD. themselves11.The culture and customs of America are more like _____ of England than of any other country.A. thoseB. thatC. whatD. one12. Some scholars suggest that Shakespeare’s plays were, in fact, written by Bacon or Oxford or _____ who preferred to remain unknown as a play writer.A. anyone elseB. someone elseC. another oneD. the others13. I have done much of the work. Could you please finish in two days?A. the restB. the otherC. anotherD. the others14. That’s an unpleasant thing to say about your father after ______he’s done for you.A. somethingB. anythingC. allD. that15. Shortly after the accident, two ________ police were sent to the spot to keep order.A. dozen ofB. dozensC. dozenD. dozens of16. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _____ movie could not hold our attention.A. three-hoursB. three-hourC. three-hours'D. three-hour's17. I am glad to say that he’s already finished _____ 50% of the book within 3 days.A. no less thanB. no more thanC. much less thanD. not more than18. _____ your job is from manual work, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking.A. The greater awayB. The fartherC. More awayD. The further away19. The report said that from 2006 to 2015, Americans would pay _____ $1.1 trillion more under the alternative minimum tax, partly as a result of the Bush tax cuts (减税).A. so many asB. as much asC. as many asD. so much as20. In my opinion, he is _____ the most imaginative of all the contemporary poets.A. quiteB. by farC. veryD. rather21. He is wearing ________ shoes today, which is quite unusual.A. Italian black leatherB. black Italian leatherC. black leather ItalianD. leather Italian black22. We don’t care if a hunting dog smells _____, but we really don’t want him to smell _____.A. well; wellB. bad; badC. well; badlyD. badly; bad23. ―The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,‖ declared the judge.A. mayB. shouldC. mustD. shall24. The little girl _____ dance before so many guests, dare she?A. doesn’t dare toB. daren’t doesC. dares notD. daren’t25. —How do you like the glasses?—This kind of glasses made by experienced workers________ comfortably.A. is wornB. wearC. wearsD. are worn26. The growth of part time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, _____ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.A. have allowedB. allowC. allowingD. allows27. It's reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory __ by about 10%.A. will have risenB. has risenC. has been risenD. will be rising28. Harry Potter, ______ the power of magic, is certainly the hero of many small kids.A. possessingB. possessedC. to possessD. having possessed29. The speech which he made _____ the project has bothered me greatly.A. being concernedB. concernedC. be concernedD. concerning30. There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _____ trouble.A. makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. having made31. _____ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.A. The girl was educatedB. The girl educatedC. The girl's being educatedD. The girl to be educated32. ______from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having been separatedD. To be separated33. That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but _____ the police.A. called inB. calling inC. call inD. to call in34. They’re going to have the serviceman _____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A. installB. to installC. to be installedD. installed35. Considered as a candidate for the post of school principal, ______________.A. one must have at least ten years of teaching experienceB. ten years of teaching experience is requiredC. the experience of teaching for ten years is a mustD. and one must have at least ten years of teaching experience36. _______ it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.A. BelieveB. To believeC. BelievingD. Believed37. To his surprise, all the universities he applied ______ last year accepted his application.A. forB. intoC. toD. by38. All _____ a man’s life, from birth to dearth, he must be supplied _____ ene rgy.A. through, withB. in, forC. with, withD. through, to39. Despite the economic impact of Hurricane (飓风) Katrina, the Federal Reserve (美联储) has once again raised interest rates ______ a quarter point.A. byB. forC. toD. at40. Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body's need for it from naturalsources without turning _____ the salt bottle.A. upB. toC. onD. over句法句型★要点：●感叹句（区别what与how）●反意疑问句：（注意宾语从句的反意疑问句）●强调句：It + 被强调部分+ that + 从句●倒装句：（牢记必须使用倒装的情况）●并列句：（转折、因果、联合、选择）•转折：but, yet, however, while•因果：for, so, therefore•联合：and, not only…but also•选择：or, otherwise, nevertheless, either…or◇例题：1. So difficult ____ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.（2001年）A. I have feltB. have I feltC. I did feltD. did I feel2. I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, _____?（2001年）A. do IB. don’t IC. will theyD. won’t they3. Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera, ___? （2002年）A. is heB. isn’t heC. doesn’t sheD. does she4. –You forgot your purse when you went out. –Good heavens, _____.（2002年）A. so did IB. so I didC. I did soD. I so did5. Only when your identity has been checked _____.（2003年）A. you are allowed inB. you will be allowed inC. will you allow inD. will you be allowed in6. It is these poisonous products _____ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headaches and aching muscles.（2003年）A. whoB. thatC. howD. what7. Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, _____?（2004年）A. isn’t itB. is itC. isn’t beD. is he8. _____ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.（2004年）A. Not only they broughtB. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought theyD. Not only they did bring9. Why! I have nothing to confess. _______ you want me to say?（2004年）A. What is it thatB. What it is thatC. How is it thatD. How it is that10. There was a loud scream from the backstage after the concert ended, ___?（2005年）A. wasn’t thereB. was thereC. didn’t itD. did it11. Never before _________ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.（2005年）A. has this city beenB. this city has beenC. was this cityD. this city was从句★要点：●名词性从句：（•wh-从句和that从句/ •主从时态一致/ •从句的语序）•主语从句：（注意it作形式主语的情况）•表语从句：•宾语从句：（•注意it作形式宾语的情况/ •特殊疑问句/ •反意疑问句•否定转移）•同位语从句（that）●定语从句：（先行词+关系代词/关系副词+从句）•关系代词which和that的用法区别以及省略的情况•其他关系代词：who, whom, whose, as•关系副词：when, where, why●状语从句：（时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、方式、比较、条件、让步）•时间：when(ever), while, as, until, till, once, before, after, since, as soon as…•地点：where(ever)•原因：because, as, since, now that•结果：so…that, such…that•目的：so that, in order that•方式：as, as if, as though•比较：than, the same as, as…as•条件：if, unless, as long as•让步：although, though, while, even if, as, whether…or, _ever, no matter-◇例题：1. Information has been put forward _____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.（2001年）A. whileB. thatC. whenD. as2. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.（2001年）A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why3. _____, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John. （2001年）A. As long as I have traveledB. Now that I’ve traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveledD. As I’ve traveled so much4. Alice asked the policeman _____ he worked to contact with him whenever there was an accident.（2002年）A. with himB. whoC. with whomD. whom5. There’s a feeling in me _____ we’ll never know what a UFO is－not ever. （2002年）A. thatB. whichC. of whichD. what6. He was about to tell me the secret ___ someone patted him on the shoulder.（2002年）A. asB. untilC. whileD. when7. Perseverance is a kind of quality－and that’s _____ it takes to do anything well. （2002年）A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why8. –How far apart do they live?–_____ I know, they live in the same neighborhood. （2003年）A. As long asB. As far asC. As well asD. As often as9. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’curiosity _____ he reaches the end of the story.（2003年）A. whenB. unlessC. afterD. until10. It is well understood_____ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.（2003年）A. thatB. whenC. whatD. how11. I can think of many cases _____ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.（2003年）A. whyB. whichC. asD. where12. –Dad, I’ve finished my assignment.–Good, and _____ you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me.（2003年）A. wheneverB. whetherC. whateverD. no matter13. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently.（2004年）A. whoB. asC. about whichD. with whom14. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.（2004年）A. whereB. whatC. thatD. how15. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _____ she was bitten on the leg by al lion.（2004年）A. whenB. whileC. sinceD. once16. Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses _____eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.（2004年）A. becauseB. throughC. unlessD. if17. A story goes _____ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.（2004年）A. whenB. whereC. whatD. that18. He transplanted the little tree to the garden ____ it was the best time for it.（2005年）A. whereB. whenC. thatD. until19. _____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.（2005年）A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires20. If a shop has chairs _____ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.（2005年）A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where。