高考英语阅读技巧讲义
2023年全国新课标II卷英语真题的阅读理解命制技巧讲义-2024届高三英语一轮复习
我们以2023年全国新课标II卷英语真题的阅读理解为研究对象，从词汇、语法、题型、思维品质考核、选材以及语篇标的等六个角度，对每个语篇逐个进行微观研究，揭开新高考阅读题型的变局和题目背后的命题技术，以期更精准、更高效地服务新高三考生备战高考，同时也为高一高二阶段的英语学习指明方向，提供可行性方案。
I.词语选用生动多样新高考阅读语篇均源自外刊。
语言很地道；词汇使用多样而立体；转化词、熟词生义、构词法词汇、同义异构、短语与词块、大学四级词汇等纷纷登场。
近10年来，每年高考英语全国卷都已出现词形转化、词义转化、构词法规则转化、新教材新增词汇等"新高考词汇"现象，且愈演愈烈，本套真题卷中也是到处可见。
但较为显眼的词用变化就是阅读语篇里含有了少量的大学四级考试词汇。
1.词性转化harvest cabbage收割/采集卷心菜part v.分开;分离balloon v.膨胀;涨大2.熟词生义celebration n.赞美;歌颂representation n.描绘volume n.一卷书;一册书treasure v.珍爱name v.提及(=mention)domestic a.辖区内的3.构词法词汇backcountry n.边远地区breathtaking a.壮观的;令人赞叹的hands-on a.实际动手的;实操的low-income a.低收入的tasting n.品尝evaluation n.评估calming a.平静的//n.镇定initiator n.发起者;创始人distrust v.不信任far-reaching a.深远的predictable a.可预知的short-lived a.短命的;短暂的unidentifiable a.不能鉴别的;无法明判的artwork n.艺术品treasured a.珍爱的throwaway n.广告传单;一次性产品interactive a.互动的battery-powered a.电池供电的activate v.刺激;赋予生命park-goer n.逛公园的人submission n.提交作品established a.既存的;稳固的;成名的4.同义异构be drawn to=be attracted to被吸引tough work=difficult work艰难的工作literally=actually实际上initially=at the very beginning最初turn off=be tired of对...反感issue=problem问题representation=description描述scene=setting情景volume=book书本relate to=understand体恤;理解demonstrate=show展示a pocket park=a small park袖珍公园wellness=health=well-being健康emerge=come out=become known涌现trail=path=narrow road小路generate=create创造conserve=protect保护5.短语使用from a classical viewpoint从传统角度看aim to help...旨在帮助...be scared of害怕be eager to渴望go beyond超过;超出come into being形成;存在be absorbed in专注于be deep in thought陷入深思be lost in leisure沉浸于闲暇中relate to理解;体恤transform...into...把...转变成... in contrast to与...形成鲜明对比off-line a.脱机的;不联网的6.大学四级词汇ranger n.护林者outnumber v.数量多于dissection n.解剖;切开II.句法使用复杂高效新高考阅读语篇充斥着长句子(多数因从句存在而导致)和散句子(多数因非谓语的使用而导致)，乃至特殊句式如祈使句，还有独立主格结构的运用，都在很大程度上使得文章信息量加大、信息密度高，且使得语气更为铿锵有力，因而增加了文章说服力和与互动性。
2023届新高考英语阅读理解系统备考讲义
2022年高考英语真题学习与应试指导阅读理解篇【新高考全国卷I】真题学习+应试技巧定位+替换A篇（Information信息类）一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章主旨大意 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息二．信息定位攻略: 注意一些限定词。
尤其是this; the; these; those...,因为这是作者在给你暗示: )Grading Policies (评分政策)for Introduction(介绍;说明;导论) to Literature (文学)Grading Scale（评分标准）90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below（低于）60, E.Essays (论文)（60%）Your four major(主要的) essays will combine (结合) to form (构成) the main(主要的) part of the grade for this course(课程): Essay 1 =10%; Essay 2=15%; Essay 3=15%; Essay 4=20%Group Assignments（小组作业）（30%）Students will work in groups to complete (完成) four assignments(作业) during the course(课程). All the assignments(作业) will be submitted (提交) by the assigned (布置的)date through Blackboard, our online learning(在线学习)and course management (管理)system (系统).Daily(日常的)Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework（10%）Class activities will vary (变化) from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn(获取) directly(直接地) from assigned (布置的)readings or notes(笔记) from the previous (之前的) class' lecture(讲课；讲座)/discussion(讨论), so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally(此外), from time to time I will assign(布置) group work to be completed in class or short assignments(作业) to be completed at home, both of which will be graded (评分).Late Work (逾期作业)An essay not submitted(提交) in class on the due date () will lose a lettergrade业)由于)A. A textbook.(课本)B. An exam paper.(考试卷)C. A course plan.(课程计划)D. An academic article.(学术文章)→100%=60%+30%+10%A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.23. What will happen if you submit (提交)→超过提交截止日期后果A. You will receive (获得) a zero.[ receive=earn=get]B. You will lose a letter grade (降低一个等级评分).C. You will be given a test (测试).D. You will have to rewrite(重写) it.B篇（Introduction说明文）一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章作者写作意图 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息二．处理信息句与选项：词汇复现原则（原词复现；近同义词复现；反义词复现；上下义词复现）Like most of us, I try to be mindful(留意) of food that goes to waste (浪费). The arugula（芝麻菜）was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast (烤) chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck(放置) the chicken in the freezer(冷冻室). But as days passed, the arugula wentbad (变质). Even worse, I had unthinkingly(不假思索地) bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly(将近) 800 million (百万) people a year go hungry, "food waste goes against the moral grain (食物浪费有违道德常理)," as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month's cover story (封面故事). It's jaw-dropping (令人震惊的) how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly"（but quite eatable可食用的）vegetables rejected (被拒绝) by grocers(食品杂货商)to large amounts (大量) of uneaten(未被食用的) dishes (菜肴) thrown into restaurant garbage cans(垃圾桶).Producing (生产) food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel (燃料), and other25. What is a consequence(后果) →原词+近义词复现A. Moral(道德)decline(下降).B. Environmental harm.C. Energy(能源) shortage(短缺).D. Worldwide (全球的) starvation(饥饿).26. What does C urtin's company do?→注意用专有名词大写字母单词来定位。
高考英语阅读理解解题技巧(高分秘诀)PPT课件
English?
A.A letter of complaint. B.A computer handbook.
C.A letter to a frienD. D.A story of a president.
.
15
Part 2 is People: In this part all the tests are about
people. For example, there is an informal letter between
friends. There is formal (正式的) English in biography (传
correct.
Always understanding
It is possible that some problems will arise
超实用高考英语复习：阅读理解——定位切入点,全取细节理解题
C．We waste more vegetables than meat. D．We have good reasons for wasting food.
返回导航
二轮专题复习
解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“the arugula story”可定位 到信息句“But as days passed, the arugula went bad...I could have made six salads with what I threw out.”；由信息句可知，更糟糕的是，作者 不假思索地买了太多东西，而又没有完全用掉，所以无意中浪费了食 物。unintentionally与文中的unthinkingly为同义转述。
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前， 要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌 跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要 善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检 查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。 在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面 对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”， 遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再 梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲 刺复习方法。
高考新考法
学霸好声音
1.直接细节题，采用 “原文定位”及 1.考查方式更灵活，设问方式
“原词复现”方式解答； 有所创新；
2.题干或选项中未出现原文直接信息时， 2.细节理解题在文中的答题信
2025届高考英语阅读细节理解题三步法带练(16)讲义
一、高考英语阅读细节题三步法：第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）第三步，利用正确选项特点，确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息，关注变换原文语态词性或词形，简化或概括原文，正话反说)二、高考英语阅读细节题三步法带练Key railway stations in EnglandSt Pancras InternationalLocated in London's city center on Euston Road, St Pancras International is one of the leading terminals (终点站) for Eurostar international train services from London to France, Belgium and the Netherlands.St Pancras station was established in 1868 and is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering. It impresses people with Victorian Gothic architecture and is one of the world's most elegant railway stations.Paddington railway stationPaddington railway station is also known as Paddington Underground Station. Situated in Paddington, central London, the station is close to Marylebone and Bayswater. Paddington was opened in 1838 and is the London terminal of services operated by the Great Western Railway. King's Cross railway stationLocated on the edge of Central London in the UK, King's Cross station, or London King's Cross, is one of the country's busiest stations. It was opened in 1845 and named in honor of King George IV.Today, London King's Cross is one of the main hubs (中心) of the UK railway routes, connecting many major cities, including Edinburgh, Inverness, York, Cambridge, Newcastle, Glasgow and many other domestic routes. What's more, the famous Harry Potter platform 9³/ ₄is set on London's King's Cross station.Liverpool Lime Street railway stationLiverpool Lime Street is the central railway station in Liverpool, England. Established in 1836, the station is the oldest still-in-use grand terminal mainline station in the world. Plus, the building itself is quite impressive; its front was designed in the Renaissance Revival style.Trips from Liverpool Lime Street cover plenty of destinations across England, Wales and Scotland. And being the busiest station in Liverpool, it serves over 16 million passengers a year.1. Which station was put in use the latest of all?A. St Pancras International.B. Paddington railway station.C. King's Cross railway station.D. Liverpool Lime Street railway station.第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向1.Which station was put in use the latest of all?哪一个车站投入使用的最晚?第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）St Pancras station was established in 1868and is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering. It impresses people with Victorian Gothic architecture and is one of the world's most elegant railway stations.圣潘克拉斯车站建于1868年，是维多利亚时代工程的杰作之一。
2023届高考英语阅读理解指导 细节理解题 定位信息找答案 讲义
英语阅读理解指导细节理解题——定位信息找答案一、题型特点需了解(一)明命题，懂考查方式和考查角度[命题解读]1．命题人员会要求学生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻找所需的细节。
2．细节理解题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。
细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，是最重要的得分点。
[考查特点]1．把握细节理解题常见的考查方式。
(1)特殊疑问句形式：以when，where，what，which，who，how much/many 等疑问词开头引出的问题；(2)填空题形式：通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节；(3)就文中数字、排序等进行提问。
2．掌握细节理解题的考查角度。
(1)高频考点：直接信息题、间接信息题。
(2)低频考点：数字计算题、正误判断题、细节排序题。
(二)细节理解题的解题捷径采用寻读法，解题分三步：(1)先读题干，抓住关键词。
(2)带着问题快速阅读文章，找出与问题有关的词语或句子。
(3)仔细对比选项和原文信息，继而找出答案。
(三)细节理解题的正确选项特征同义替换①指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换，如把lose one's job换成be out of work。
②有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important变换成of importance。
③改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换信息归纳用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项原文原词利用原文原词作为正确选项(四)细节理解题的干扰选项特征张冠李戴是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容无中生有符合常识，但不是文章的内容曲解文意与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动颠倒是非在意思上与原文大相径庭，甚至完全相反正误参半部分正确，部分错误二、方法技巧要知晓题型一直接信息题在解答直接信息题时，可以采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”的方法，通过定位找题眼[典例](2022·全国乙卷)Admission￡4.Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.22．How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?A．￡4.B．￡8.C．￡12.D．￡16. [解析]本题是直接信息题。
高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧ppt
This huge dam is in the Black Canyon. It is possible to drive a car from one side of the river to the other on a road， which is on the top of the dam. This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside. … …
Sample II
According to scientists ,the DIRECT cause
of more and fiercer storms is
.
A．greenhouse gas emissions (散发)
in industrialized nations B．higher surface water temperatures
Sample II
According to scientists ,the DIRECT cause
of more and fiercer storms is
.
A．greenhouse gas emissions (散发)
in industrialized nations B．higher surface water temperatures
of the sea C．continuous global warming D．rising sea levels
… reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusaually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years . Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.
2023届北京市高考英语复习真题阅读长难句分析技巧讲义
2023届北京市高考英语复习真题阅读长难句分析技巧讲义1.形式多样的定语P1:A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies主干：A new study shows that the vulturine guineafowl have multilevel societies.P2:Dr. Farine emphasizes this particular bird’s tiny brain size: “They don’t only have small brains relative to mammals ( 哺乳动物), they also have quite small brains relative to other birds,” he said.主干：Dr. Farine emphasizes tiny brain size.P3:There may be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societies as many-leveled as our own.intended to generate distrust in science, funded by those (whose interests and分析：There has been a campaign . 多个定语：an extensive and organized; intended to ;funded by thoseP5:It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrongP6:But what is typically thought to be the scientific method—develop a hypothesis ( 假设), then design an experiment to test it—isn’t what scientists actually doP8:While examples (of truly settled science being overturned) are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist.P9:Scientists have managed to turn an unassuming drone（无人机）into a remote-controlled pollinator（授粉媒介）by attaching horsehairs coated with a special, sticky gel to its underbelly.P10:The results showed that evening types scored higher than morning types on inductive reasoning, which has been shown to be a good estimate of general intelligence and a strong indicator of academic performance.2.副词或短语开头P1:Incidentally, “respondent” and “informant” are words that are sometimes used instead of “interviewee”.P2:Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the “Mona Lisa” portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right. P3:Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do．3.数据的理解P1:A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle that’s 15.4 degrees off to the observer’s right—well outside of the range thatpeople normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them.P2:Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plasticsP3:The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.4.连词：P1:Our findings suggested thatcorrections.”P2:“You r e f l ec t反映on your e m o t i on a l f ee li n g s then you g e n e r a t e（产生，形成）some sort of r ec o g n i t i on j ud g m e n t, and t h e m o s t i m po r t a n t t h i n g in is that you take the a pp r op r i a t e a c t i on—y ou approach the person or you a v o i d the person,”N i e d e n t h a l says. to the f a ce changes your p e r ce p t i on how you see t h e f a ce in such a way that provides you w i t h more i n f o r m a t i on a bou t w h a t it m e a n s.” proper=appropriate 合理的惬当的Recognize认知judge判断5.人物P1:Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene.P2:A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies.P3:A behaviorist, B．F．Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings．A behaviorist, B．F．Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings．P4:According to Mike Shatzkin, founder and CEO of the Idea Logical Company, printed books just for plain old reading will, in 10 years from now, be unusual.P5:Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars(虚拟头像)when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him.6.词汇的处理P1:A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively.P2:But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical (矛盾的): that science produces both novelty and stability.P3:The minute Apple crystallizes a product, everyone knows how to compete.P4:It took me more than 10 years to realize that the world has no shortage of fashion (时尚) designers who have the ability to make trendy and elegant garments, but that it is badly in need of, simply, clothes designersP5: I believe that the most meaningful creative motives should arise through caring for other people, the great care of humanity—a concern for human feeling and spiritualityP6:The controversy is often referred to as “nature and nurture”．P7:Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts（本能）．精炼：1.Eventually, they start to lose track of （who they really are）, seeing themselves the way （their fans imagine them）, not as（the people they were）before everyone knew their names）.lose track of失去联系；跟不上发展2.When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain (抱怨)about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way （that modern tabloids and websites do）. Tabloids小报3.They focus not on （how famous they are）but （on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place）.4.People （who multitask all the time）once, a new research suggests. The findings, （based on performances andself-evaluation by about 275 college students）, （many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and can’t focus on one activity.）5.Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report （how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensation-seeking (寻求刺激) or imperative (冲动)they were.）6.（most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those （who thought they were better at it）were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once）.7.Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.------2013北京高考rger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does.9.Surveys (调查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat”overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories.10.T he fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home.11.T he fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home.-2015北京高考12.S o condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days.13.T he college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.15.T his process involves “trying on ” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面) and personally.16.M oreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behaviorruns up against young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders.17.I f is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled, theinsensitive or aggressive behavior（）may actually be encouraged.is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy19.E very college discussion （about community values, social climate and behavior ）should include the developmental importance of student autonomy-discovery.-2016北京高考20.W hen vaccination（疫苗接种）rates are very high, as they still are in the nation asa whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”人群性免疫, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.21.T hat’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.22.H ollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly.23.Icannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”24.A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.25.I f we are not careful, a kind of global chess(very determined, super intelligent) machines (whose objectives conflict with our own), with the real world as the chessboard.26.A nyone (who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms) is talking moonshine空谈.-2017北京高考27.T o confirm that the worms‘chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films.28.B the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how thetransformation is regulated.29.T he convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport —an unwelcome side effect副作用(researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services).from the University of California at Davis replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050 olicymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today -2018北京高考32.W e are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approaches（intended to prevent scammers from getting through.）33.A t this year's I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human –sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.34.f or example，that a scammer（骗子）could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller 's，ricking you into "confirming " your address，mother's name，and card number.35.T hat might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like Face Time or Whats App, which can be tied to your identity.36.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，whilereducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.37.A t the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms（海洋微生物）called phytoplankton.38.W arming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow，but also nutrients.--2019北京高考.3.21.20201.People (who use cross-country skiing as a workout over several weeks) will discover( that the muscles of their entire body increase in strength. )2.In addition to gaining strength in the muscles of the upper and lower body, people (who use cross-country skiing as a workout method over several weeks )will also discover that their heart is stronger. En large3.However, managers（that possess拥有their own enclosed offices）might have the feeling of being distant(远的) from their clerks, which leads to high pressure. emotion soul stress=pressure压力en-动词前后缀ensure保证enable使能够process过程4.In contrast,相反 a landscape office makesin speeding up work efficiency and productivity.it？=to communicate with, by contrary=In contrast5.Some opponents claim that a landscape景观office would lead to the decline of the value of work satisfaction and motivation from employees. However, the result （from other researchers）remained controversial（有争议的）; in their opinion there are several factors which affect job satisfaction and motivation. Keep=stay=remain Supporter反opponent claim 声明宣称Satisfied--satisfaction满足感motivate 动机6.Although the benefits of a landscape office outweigh those of an enclosed office,is better should be decided by the characteristics of the people and the type of work they do.特点特性outweigh?重于超过7.While the best solution in the long-term would be to ban fossil-fueled cars, that won’t help the millions （who are dying in the meantime）, and so some high-tech solutions are now on the cards.正在酝酿中There is probably a smoking gun. 可能已有确凿的证据8.Another promising approach can be found in Beijing, after China declared a “war against pollution” in 2014. A seven-metre-high “Smog Free Tower”, designed by a Dutch scientist, Daan Roosegaarde, opened in Beijing’s 751 D Park in Septembe r 2016.9.“It means that you are actually taking carbon(碳) out of the sky, transforming it into a material, and then using it to build,” says Dring.10.It’s extremely important to question and to use every verification(验证) method available before publication.发表” Yet those （working in newsrooms）talk of doubtful stories being tolerated because, in the words of some senior editors, “a clickfalse, it’s simply a chance for another bite at the cherry.”Extra额外的extremely=very doubtful可以的fasle错误的turn out to be 结果为simple---simply3.22.20201.The researchers m e n t i on,f o r e x a m p l e,c o m pu t e r programmers and f i n a n ce-sec t o r workers as careers requiring these t r a i t s.If Dr. Golle is c o rr ec t, and changes in attitudeb r ou g h t a bou t by the very t r a i n i n g Germany prides i t se l f on are narrowing p e op l e’sc ho i ces, that is indeed a matter w o r t h y of serious c on s i de r a t i on.2.Growing evidence shows that an i n s t i n c t f o r f a c i a l mimicry( 模仿)allows us toe m p a t h i z e w i t h and even experience other p e op l e’sf ee li ng s.3.“You r e f l ec t反映on your e m o t i on a l f ee li n g s then you g e n e r a t e（产生，形成）some sort of r ec o g n i t i on j ud g m e n t, and t h e m o s t i m po r t a n t t h i n g in is thatyou take the a pp r op r i a t e a c t i on—y ou approach the person or you a v o i d the person,”N i e d e n t h a l says. to the f a ce changes your p e r ce p t i on how you see t h e f a ce in such a way that provides you w i t h more i n f o r m a t i on a bou t w h a t it m e a n s.” proper=appropriate 合理的惬当的Recognize认知judge判断4.T h e r e’s s t r on g evidence that memory c onn ec t s a language w i t h the experiences andi n t e r a c t i on s t h r ou g h w h i c h that language was learned. For e x a m p l e,people who are bilingual (双语的) are more likely to recall an experience if reminded in the language in which that e v e n t occurred. Our childhood l a n g u a g es, learned in the middle o f p a ss i on a t e e m o t i on, become filled w i t h deep f ee li n g.5.By c o m p a r i s on,languages acquired late in li f e,especially i f t h e y are learned t h r ou g h li m i t e d i n t e r a c t i on s in the classroom or dully delivered over c o m pu t e r screens and headphones, enter our minds lacking the e m o t i on a li t y that is present f o r their n a t i v e s p e a k e r s.6.An a l t e r n a t i v e e x p l a n a t i on is that d i ff e r e n ces arise b e t w ee n n a t i v e and f o r e i g n t on g u es because our c h il dhood languages are filled w i t h greater e m o t i on s t h a n are those learned in more academic settings.7.As a result, m o r a l j ud g m e n t s made in a f o r e i g n language are less filled w i t h thee m o t i on a l r e a c t i on s that s u rf a ce when we use a language learned in c h il dhood.8.When we use a f o r e i g n l a n g u a g e, we unconsciously sink i n t o the more c a r e f u l way simply because the e ff o r t of op e r a t i n g in our non-n a t i v e language signals our c o g n i t i v e (认知的) s y s t e m to prepare f o r d i ff i c u l t a c t i v i t y.8.B u t Costa and his colleagues f ound that p r ese n t i n g the dilemma in a language that v o l un t ee r s had learned as a f o r e i g n t on g u e d r a m a t i c a ll y increased their stated willingness to push t h e s a c r i f i c i a l person off the f oo t b r i d g e,from fewer t h a n20%of r es pond e n t s working in their n a t i v e language to a bou t 50%of those using the f o r e i g n on e.9.The f i nd i n g s o f several recent s t ud i es s u gg es t that when people are f a ce d w i t h moral dilemmas (困境), t h e y do indeed respond d i ff e r e n t l y when considering t h e m in a f o r e i g n language t h a n when using their n a t i v e t on g u e.10.I s it possible that, along w i t h these d i ff e r e n ces, my moral compass ( 指南针) also po i n t s in s o m e w h a t d i ff e r e n t d i r ec t i on s depending on the language I’m using at the t i m e？。
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b. The writer wrote the story in order to …
c. The main purpose of announcing the above events is …
d. What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph ?
-- Do you hear that the chairman resighed his position in a sudden.
-- __B_? He did very well in his performance.
A What if B What's up C It's up to you D What's matter
一 、试题设计特点：
1 .题材：日常生活、风俗习惯、 人物传记、文化教育、社会、史地、科 技、 政治、经济等。
2 .体裁：记叙文、说明文、议论 文、应用文等。
3 .阅读量大；阅读速度要求每分 钟 50— 60个词。
4试题设计侧重深层理解。
二、题目类型： 1主旨大意题：-----主题类：
a. Which of the following best gives the main idea of…
数据推算、信息比较及辨别例证等。
3. 猜测词义题
4.推理判断、意图揣测题：
(1)It is most likely to be inferred from the passage that …
(2)Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage ?
------标题类 a. The best headline (标题)for this article
is …
b. What would be the best title for the text ?
c. What is the subject discussed in the text ?
2.事实与细节题： 时间、地点、人物、经过、结果、识图、
22.A .national C .cultural
B.embarrassing D .amazing
训练4：08济南一摸 阅读表达: You should have done a lot of physical exercise, in reality, you are not really up to the job. ____________不_能__胜_任__这__份_工__作__________
训练2：2009 济南高考摸底考试 阅读表达 翻译
Four British ships fired on the Bismark, finally, this huge warship struck the icebergs then sang.
_______________________________________________ 训练3：2010年广东高考试题 完形填空
Last week, Grathy experienced his most unforgettable thing in his life. That day, he was dealing with the strike in his office, after the clock struck twelve, when the earthquake happened. The huge stones fell down in succession, striking him on the body. He was stuck in the ruins in total darkness. He was about to despair when it struck him that there was a box of match on the desk, he fumbled carefully, finding them luckily and struck it. By the dim light, he found an iron bar, striking the stones for help. Fortunately, a rescue worker heard him, making every effort to save him successfully. He was struck by his spirits of saving the wounded, being thankful to win the rebirth.
训练5：2008年高考试题 全国卷II 完形填空
From the time each of my children started school, I packed their lunches. And in each lunch, I write a note. Often written on a napkin (餐巾), it might be a thank-you for a special moment, a reminder of something we were happily expecting, or a bit of __23__ for the coming test or sporting event.
(3)The author most probably implies in this section that …
(4)What can we conclude from the text?
猜测词训练题1： Please find out the different meanings of “strike” in the passage