翻译之美：以《傲慢与偏见》中达西给伊丽莎白的信为例
《傲慢与偏见》翻译译文对比赏析
《傲慢与偏见》翻译译文对比赏析《傲慢与偏见》翻译译文对比赏析这次期末论文我选择了简·奥斯汀的著名代表作《傲慢与偏见》的翻译译文对比赏析。
《傲慢与偏见》这本书是作者简·奥斯汀以日常生活为素材，一反当时社会上流行的感伤小说的内容和矫揉造作的写作方法，声动地反映了18世纪末到19世纪初处于保守和闭塞状态下的英国乡镇生活和世态人情。
这部社会风情画式的小说不仅在当时吸引了广大的读者，时至今日仍给读者以独特的艺术享受。
作者简·奥斯汀是英国著名女性小说家，她的作品主要关注乡绅家庭女性的婚姻和生活，以女性特有的细致入微的观察力和活泼风趣的文字真实地描绘了她周围世界的小天地。
她的作品格调轻松诙谐，富有喜剧性冲突，深受读者欢迎。
从18世纪末到19世纪初，庸俗无聊的“感伤小说”和“哥特小说”充斥英国文坛。
而奥斯汀的小说破旧立新，一反常规地展现了当时尚未受到资本主义工业革命冲击的英国乡村中产阶级的日常生活和田园风光。
她的作品往往通过喜剧性的场面嘲讽人们的愚蠢、自私、势利和盲目自信等可鄙可笑的弱点。
奥斯汀的小说出现在19世纪初叶，一扫风行一时的假浪漫主义潮流，继承和发展了英国18世纪优秀的现实主义传统，为19世纪现实主义小说的高潮做了准备。
虽然其作品反映的广度和深度有限，但她的作品如“两寸牙雕”，从一个小窗口中窥视到整个社会形态和人情世故，对改变当时小说创作中的庸俗风气起了好的作用，在英国小说的发展史上有承上启下的意义，被誉为地位“可与莎士比亚平起平坐”的作家。
傲慢与偏见以伊丽莎白与达西的感情纠葛为红线，主要描绘了一副绝妙的世俗画。
夏洛特和柯林斯讲究实惠、急于寻找归宿的婚姻没有感情基础，不存在真正的幸福。
家境并不富裕的夏洛特之所以选择虚伪、愚蠢的柯林斯完全是出于经济和面子的考虑，代表了当代主流的婚姻观，从一个侧面反映了妇女的可悲命运。
轻狂无知的莉迪亚和表里不一的威科姆私奔是受美貌和情欲的驱使，丝毫不顾及家人和社会道德准则，二者的结合也是达西为保全体面出钱促成的婚后不久就情淡爱驰了，生活上还要靠亲戚的接济度日。
阐释学理论
阐释学理论一，引言翻译是把一种创造性活动。
它可以将语言文字所表达的思想内容和艺术风格正恰如其分地转移到另一种语言文字中去。
翻译之美在于将美学与翻译相结合。
在翻译的过程中，应实现源文本的审美价值。
译者作为读者去体验源文本的美，然后通过自己的再创造，按照翻译的标准进行翻译活动，将源文本作为新的审美对象，最后在译文的读者身上实现源文本的审美价值。
本文选取了《傲慢与偏见》中达西写给伊丽莎白的一封信，这也是一封辩护信。
本文在解释学理论的背景下研究了译者主体性的翻译，特别是以乔治·斯坦纳的四阶段理论为代表。
本文使用乔治·斯坦纳的四步理论和一些例子来探讨译者的主体性如何在翻译中体现。
二，阐释学翻译理论解释学的翻译理论是从解释学中发展出来的。
乔治·斯坦纳在阐释学的基础上提出的翻译四步骤即“信任”、“侵入”、“吸收”、“补偿”对翻译活动的作用。
运用四步骤理论分析英譯本，证实在翻译实践中阐释学的重要性并为其他英译本的研究提供了一些新参考。
信任、侵入、吸收、补偿这四个步骤之间的关系紧密，相互交叉，且贯穿于整个翻译过程。
三，阐释学翻译理论在译文中的体现（一）信任斯坦纳认为，译者首先必须对原文及其作者有充分的信心。
当我们翻译一篇文章的时候，是因为相信原文有价值和有意义。
原文中有东西可供人们了解交流，这样的文章值得翻译，因此一切理解活动，即一切翻译活动，必须从信任开始。
只有在充分信任原作的情况下，才有可能进行翻译。
翻译的第一步是信任，即作者坚信自己选择的目标值得翻译，选择《傲慢与偏见》的原因很明显，因为这部小说具有很高的文学价值。
（二）侵入斯坦纳认为翻译是一个目标语言侵入源文本的过程。
侵入是对原文的理解，它受到“偏见”的影响和制约。
每个译者的理解都是不同的，译者应该透过语言的表象，深入到原文的内核，将核心的思想抽取出来。
在翻译的过程中，译者对原文的理解和对原文阐释是必须牢牢抓住的，原文的精神是是译者必须把握的关键。
傲慢与偏见中达西求婚被拒后给伊丽莎白的信的作用(英文)
The function of the letter that Mr. Darcy wrote to Elizabeth after hisfailure of proposal[Abstract]: Under the influence of epistolary story, Letters are very important in the writing of Jane Austen’s Pride and prejudice. Among so many letters in the novel, the letter that Mr. Darcy wrote to Elizabeth after his proposal was rejected was a turning point of the plot of the whole story, showing the reader the real characteristics of the main character, promoting the sudden change of the romance between Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth Bennet, exciting the reader further more in the course of reading. [Keywords]: Pride and prejudice, letter, turning point1.IntroductionJane Austen was a famous English novelist whose works focused on women’s marriage and life. Her sensitivity to human emotion, her keen observation to life and her vivid language contribute to her success of writing. Pride and prejudice, one of her masterpieces, is a love story of a country gentleman’s daughter, Elizabeth Bennet, mirroring the reserved life of the Englishmen at the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the nineteenth century.Letter is the only way of communication apart from language communication. According to the existing literature, there are more than thirty letters in the novel [1], which play a significant role in the portrait of the characters, the development of plot and the transformation the point of view [2].The letter that Mr. Darcy wrote to Elizabeth after his failure of proposal is viewed as the most important letters in the novel. There is still little study about this letter, so this paper will explore the function of this letter in terms of portraying the characters and forwarding the plot to confirm the previous study by analyzing the letter in depth.2.Introduction the letterThe letter was given to Elizabeth by Mr. Darcy the following day of the failure his proposal. In the beginning of the letter, Mr. Darcy asked for Elizabeth’s pardon forthe bother brought by the letter. The letter consisted of two parts. The first part was Mr. Darcy’s explanation of his conduct of preventing the connection of Mr. Bingley and Jane, while the second part was Mr. Darcy’s description of the relationship between Mr. Wickham and Darcy’s family.3.The letter indirectly portrayed the characters.Actually, letter is the writing form of words [3], in which the character’s feature is implied. Mr. Darcy’s letter reflected that he was well-educated, arrogant, caring, kind-hearted, frank and intelligent.Well-educated Instead of coming straight to his point, he at first placated the potential alarm and unpleasure of Elizabeth, showing his gentility and courtesy. In the letter, he used formal language including relative clause, preposing structure [3]. E.g. I had, in defiance of various claims, in defiance of honour and humanity, ruined the immediate prosperity, and blasted the prospects of Mr. Wickham. -- Wilfully and wantonly to have thrown off the companion of my youth, the acknowledged favourite of my father, a young man who had scarcely any other dependence than on our patronage, and who had been brought up to expect its exertion…Arrogant From 1800 to 1830, a special type of men appeared in London. They dressed gracefully, behaved courteously, with a little blue facial expression; they were cold and poignant in their words; they had excellent temperament and intelligence; they made light of the bourgeoisie, considering them as ignorant and indelicate [2]. Mr. Darcy was one of them: he was well-born (which he was very proud of) and attached great importance to marrying a woman of his own class. What he could not bear most was the Bennet’s ungracious conduct, especially Elizabeth’s three younger sisters. In his eye, this kind of bourgeois family who were badly- educated, vulgar, passionate and direct (like animals) did not match his class at all. For him, etiquette was the standard of judging a person, even the standard of judging things and reason [2]. That was why he had tried his best to restraint his feeling towards Elizabeth.Caring As a friend of Mr. Bingley, he showed great concern over his love affair and marriage. He know Bingley very well, who he was tend to fall in love with awoman easily. When he found that this time Bingley was really in deep love with Jane and the neighbor were sure that the two would marry in the near future, Mr. Darcy decided to take action to protect Bingley from this kind of misfortunate connection because of Jane’s indifference and the Bennet’s ungraciousness. Then in London, he pointed out to his friend, “the certain evils of such a choice” and concealed from him Jane's being in town. He could not blame himself for having done this because he thought he was actually being a villain for the good of his friend. As the brother of Georgiana, he took good care of his much younger sister as a brother as well as a father, so he was annoyed when she was tempted to elope with the evil Mr. Wickham. He managed to stop the scandal from happening and prevented any public exposure for his sister's credit and feelings. When everything was over, he even did not want to remember this kind of offence to his dear sister.Kind-hearted Although Mr. Wickham was wild, vicious, greedy and unprincipled, even go against his own words, Mr. Darcy was still kind enough to satisfy Mr. Wickham’s will to exchange the reserved position of a clergyman with the freedom to study law and three thousand pounds.Frank Apparently, Mr. Darcy knew what he would present in the letter would more a less offend Elizabeth, he insisted on telling the truth. He co mplained of Jane’s indifference and “no participation of sentiment”, of the Benet’s misfeasance and rudeness, which were equal to speak ill of Elizabeth’s family in the face of her. At the same time he frankly acknowledged his great effort of refrained himself from falling in love with Elizabeth due to the situation of her family. He insisted his involvement in Mr. Bingley’s affair was nothing wrong and was also bold to confess only the conduct of concealing Jane’s being in town made him upset.Intelligent One the one hand, he was so observant that he could know black from white: he felt that this time Bingley’s love toward Jane was serious and sensed Jane’s disposition-though she was beautiful, well-behaved, cheerful, she looked indifferent to Bingley’s af fection, which at the very start annoyed Elizabeth but was actually the long-standing concern of Elizabeth over her sister. On the other hand, he was an expert in explaining. Knowing he was already misunderstood and disgusted byElizabeth, he did not speak in defense of himself directly. Instead, he told what he had done in the affair of Mr. Bingley and the story between his family and Mr. Wickham. Meanwhile, for Mr. Wickham, he pointed out that the truth of everything could withstand the testimony of Colonel Fitzwilliam, his near and intimate relative, one of the executors of his father's will, who was familiar with the truth of the matter.4.The letter forwarded the plot.Mr. Darcy’s arrogance and interference in Jane’s marriage disgusted Elizabeth very mu ch until Darcy’ proposal, however, they finally got married in the end of the story. How could that happened? The letter that Mr. Darcy wrote to Elizabeth after his failure of proposal played an important part in the forwarding of the plot [1]. Before Darc y’s proposal, Elizabeth disgusted him because he had pride in himself, looked down upon others, destroyed Mr. Wickham’s promising future, and most unbearably, he destroyed her dear sister, Jane’s happiness. Under these circumstances, Elizabeth was astonish ed by Mr. Darcy’s unexpected proposal. To her great surprise, he did not feel ashamed of what he had done to Jane and dared to criticize her family in that way. She could not help rereading the letter over and over again. At first, she refused to believe what he had said but she began to regain her rationality, considering there were some truths in his word about her badly-behaved family and she had jumped into the conclusion of Mr. Darcy’s disposition only out of Mr. Wickham’s a one-sided statement. However, the letter pushed her to reflect and explore herself. She gradually sprouted a kind of complicated emotion: compassion for Mr. Darcy’s on his dilemma-getting close to her or staying away her family, appreciation for his affection, respect for his kindness and so on. In the meanwhile, she grew shamed of her own blindness and prejudice and afraid to meet Mr. Darcy again. At the sight of Lady Catherine, she even had such idea that if she had accepted her proposal, then she would be her future niece. When visiting the Pemberley with Mr. and Mrs. Gardiner, she kept imaging how wonderful her life would be, if she were the mistress of the Pemberley. To sum up, the letter not only explained Jane’s and Mr. Wickham’s affair by Mr. Darcy’s own words but also paved t he way for the further development of theirrelationship [4].5.ConclusionJane Austin was clever at using the letter, which came at the right time to make her novel more readable and dramatic. When Mr. Darcy’ proposal was rejected relentlessly, the readers who are looking forward to their romance from the very beginning of the story actually begin to hold their breath and cannot wait to turn over the following pages quickly to fulfill their curiosity about what would happen next. In this case, Jane Austin presented us an explanatory and emotional letter from Mr. Darcy in good time. As the turning point of the novel, the writer explained through Dr. Darcy what was remained vague in the previous chapter and foreshadowed the following plot. From this letter, the readers that misunderstand Mr. Darcy’s real nature start to remove their prejudice again Mr. Darcy, even gradually fall in love with him like Elizabeth.Bibliography[1] 耿妍.浅析《傲慢与偏见》中最重要的一封书信[J].时代文学,2009（24）:89—90.[2] 赵星.《傲慢与偏见》中书信的艺术价值[J].理论导刊,2008, (1): 126-128.[3] 罗杰鹦.对话的书面形式——小说《傲慢与偏见》中书信解读[J].浙江工业大学学报(社会科学版),2007, (2): 138-142[4] 陈莘.《傲慢与偏见》中的书信评述[J]. 学林漫录,2013(21):142-143。
从《傲慢与偏见》中达西给伊丽莎白的信看其所蕴含的情态
从《傲慢与偏见》中达西给伊丽莎白的信看其所蕴含的情态张亚辉【摘要】简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》是19世纪英国文学史上的一部杰出作品。
她敏感细腻的语言展现了作者深厚的写作功底，给读者留下了极为深刻的印象。
然而，在某种程度上说，这部作品在描写生动性上的成功也完全可以归功于情态词语的使用。
所以，本文试从功能语法的人际元功能的角度，分析并总结达西写给伊丽莎白的信中所蕴含的情态及其规律。
【期刊名称】吉林广播电视大学学报【年(卷),期】2015(000)001【总页数】2【关键词】人际元功能；情态；情态化；意态化一、引言简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》，一直是英国文学史上最受欢迎的小说之一，吸引着来自各领域学者的关注。
像其他简·奥斯丁的作品一样，《傲慢与偏见》采用自由间接引语的叙事技巧。
这可以被定义为“人物性格和言语的自由呈现，也就是说：自由间接引语并非是一个人物实际说出来的话语，而是那些可以代表人物思想的语言，或者人物的说话或思考方式”(Miles，2003)。
从某种意义上说，信件也是属于这种类型的表达式。
另一方面，功能语法的目是为文本分析(D.A.)构建语法：可以帮助分析以口语或书面语形式出现的任何文本，并且总结得出一些明智或有用的规律(韩礼德，1994)。
正如伦敦学派的另一位代表人物弗斯认为，系统功能语法是功能和语义的，而不是形式或句法的。
总之，功能语法是话语分析的主要理论方法。
功能语法本质上是一个“自然”语法，在某种意义上，通过参照语言是如何使用的规律，所有的语言现象便都可以得到解释(韩礼德，1994)。
因此，本文试图采用系统功能的方法，从人际功能的视角去分析蕴含在达西先生给伊丽莎白的来信中的情态。
二、系统功能语法中的情态1、系统功能语法中的人际功能理论韩礼德（M.A.K.）的思想源于伦敦学派弗斯的理论，称为系统功能语法(SFG)。
韩礼德的系统功能语法基于两个事实。
一个是语言使用者在有组织结构的系统中作出选择，并试图在社会互动中实现不同的语义功能。
傲慢与偏见英语读后感及翻译
傲慢与偏见英语读后感及翻译Pride and Prejudice ", a novel a pleasure to behold, a beautiful and moving story.The article describes a number of daughters Bo Nate story. Ji-an eldest daughter, gentle kind-hearted, beautiful Keren, Bentley and rich kids at first sight, but at the crucial moment has brought a twist. Second daughter, Elizabeth, Qingli intelligent, ambitious, assertive, consistent with the property of the nobility million youth met Darcy. Can be as arrogant Darcy eccentric, Elizabeth for his prejudice are serious, they love but refuse to recognize the obvious, but also continue to hurt each other with words, but fortunately dispelled the last mistake, married lovers.Reading this novel, I have benefited greatly. In our people, there are many very modest, but there are some arrogant people. These arrogant people who sometimes annoying, they have eyes in the head long, others are dismissive. Indeed, the arrogance is a shortcoming in the environment to develop a character. Chinese children from an early age by their parents as holding掌上明珠typical"little emperors." If so has been from small to large养尊处优, how could it not arrogant? So I think that we should not be arrogant people who have prejudices, but the more soul-searching myself, to see if they have not arrogant, after their own things to learn to no longer allow parents to worry about, tired.As the book said: "Heart of pride in everyone. As long as we have so a little bit of strength, they will feel especially great. But pride and vanity while the same meaning, but in real terms in different kinds of self-pride is a feeling, Vanity will need to involve other people overestimate their own, so people have a pride without vanity, which is justifiable.翻译：《傲慢与偏见》，一部值得细细品味的小说，一个美丽动人的故事。
从语用角度分析《傲慢与偏见》的译文片段翻译
从语用角度分析《傲慢与偏见》的译文片段翻译《傲慢与偏见》这部小说被翻译成了不同的语言，而不同语言的语用特点会对翻译产生影响。
下面就从语用角度分析《傲慢与偏见》的译文片段翻译中的一些问题。
原文：Mr. Darcy soon drew the attention of the room by his fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mien〔add〕; and the report which was in general circulation within five minutes after his entrance, of his having ten thousand a year.译文：达西先生一进来，由于他高贵的气质、身形和俊美的面容而引起众人的注意。
据称他有一年10,000镑的收入，这个消息五分钟内就传遍了房间。
这个译文流畅度较好，符合中文表达习惯，但同时也丧失了原文中“noble mien”的含义。
这是指达西先生的气质和外表，而不仅仅是身形和面容。
此外，英语中的“generally circulation”通常指很广泛地流传，而中文中的“据说”却表示消息的准确性值得怀疑，因此这个译文暗示了消息的不确定性。
译文：宾利小姐被达西先生吸引住了，她的姐姐也是如此，而对于伊丽莎白坐着的赫斯特先生，他是个好吃懒做、只会吃、喝和打牌的人。
当他发现她喜欢清淡的菜而不喜欢红烩时，就没有什么与她说的了。
这个译文比较准确地表达了原文的意思，但对原文的语气有所改变。
原文中，作者采用负面的语气来描述赫斯特先生，而译文中则显得中性。
此外，“nothing to say to her”通常用于形容不懂交际的人，而中译为“与她没有说的话了”，表达的意思不太一样。
原文：Elizabeth, however, had never been blind to the impropriety of her father's behaviour as a husband.译文：然而，伊丽莎白从未视父亲作为丈夫的行为为不当。
我最喜欢的一本书傲慢与偏见英语作文
我最喜欢的一本书傲慢与偏见英语作文【中英文版】My favorite book, "Pride and Prejudice", has been an enduring companion throughout my literary journey.It weaves a captivating tale of love, societal nuances, and the transformation of characters.我最喜欢的一本书是《傲慢与偏见》，它陪伴我走过了漫长的文学之旅。
这本书描绘了一个扣人心弦的爱情故事，反映了社会细微差别及人物性格的转变。
The protagonist, Elizabeth Bennet, displays remarkable intelligence and independence, challenging the societal norms of her time.Her witty dialogues and confrontations with Mr.Darcy make for an entertaining read.书中的主角，伊丽莎白·班纳特，以其非凡的智慧和独立人格挑战了她那个时代的传统社会规范。
她与达西先生之间的机智对话和冲突构成了引人入胜的阅读体验。
Jane Austen"s intricate portrayal of relationships and the subtle interplay of emotions between characters have left a deep impression on me.Her ability to criticize the societal vices of her era through the lens of a love story is commendable.简·奥斯汀对人物关系错综复杂的描绘，以及角色之间情感的细腻互动，给我留下了深刻的印象。
名著《傲慢与偏见》英语读后感加翻译
名著《傲慢与偏见》英语读后感加翻译名著《傲慢与偏见》英语读后感加翻译many people simply regard pride and prejudice as a love story, but in my opinion, this book is an illustration of the society at that time. she perfectly reflected the relation between money and marriage at her time and gave the people in her works vivid characters.许多人认为这只是一个爱情故事傲慢与偏见，但在我看来，这本书是对当时社会的例证。
她完美地体现了金钱与婚姻关系时，给她的时间在她的作品生动的人物形象的人。
the characters have their own personalities. mrs. bennet is a woman who makes great efforts to marry off her daughters. mr. bingley is a friendly young man, but his friend, mr. darcy, is a very proud man who seems to always feel superior. even the five daughters in bennet family are very different. jane is simple, innocent and never speaks evil of others. elizabeth is a clever girl who always has her own opinion. mary likes reading classic books. (actually she is a pedant.) kitty doesn’t have her own opinion but likes to follow her sister, lydia. lydia is a girl who follows exotic things, handsome man, and is somehow a little profligate. when i read the book, i can always find the same personalities in the society now. that is why i think this book is indeed the representative of the society in britain in the 18th century.书中的人物有自己的个性。
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翻译之美：以《傲慢与偏见》中达西给伊丽莎白的信为例作者：张丹来源：《北方文学》2019年第21期摘要：文学作品蕴含的审美价值是作者观察生活的艺术结晶。
本文将探讨这封书信在整个小说中的作用，同时也将分析孙致礼与王科一译本的不同之处，进一步发掘作品中蕴含的审美价值。
关键词：《傲慢与偏见》;书信;翻译;审美翻译之美是美学与翻译的结合。
在译本中，要实现原文的审美价值，即译者作为一名读者去体验原文之美，再通过自己的创造性劳动，即根据翻译规范所进行的翻译活动，把原文转换为新的审美对象，最后原文的审美价值在译文读者那里得到实现。
本文选取的是《傲慢与偏见》中达西给伊丽莎白的第一封信，同时它也是一封辩解信。
该信对小说背景的介绍、人物性格的塑造发挥着重要的作用。
本文着重对这封重要的信件所蕴藏的审美价值功能进行探讨。
一、该信推动小说情节的发展和突转书信在我们的日常生活中能够传递信息、交流感情、记录生活。
把书信融进小说则使小说情节联系更加密切，为读者提供更多的背景信息，帮助读者更好的了解整部故事的发展脉络。
使读者更为全面、深入的了解小说中人物生活背景、性格、观点以及行为背后的动机。
在《傲慢与偏见》中，30余封书信时刻都在推动着小说情节的发展，而这封辩解信则使小说情节进入了高潮。
伊丽莎白初见达西时，认为他冷漠、傲慢又刻薄。
接下来的几次会面使伊丽莎白笃定了自己的看法，再加上韦翰的挑唆、欺骗和花言巧语使伊丽莎白对达西更加厌恶。
同时，她觉得姐姐简的美好爱情也是由于达西的阻挠才破裂。
于是，达西首次求婚时，伊丽莎白声色严厉的拒绝了，而在文章结尾他们却结婚了，这给读者带来无限遐想。
这两人，一个带着傲慢，一个充满偏见是如何化解矛盾走到一起的呢？求婚失败后的第二天早上，达西就给伊丽莎白送去了这封长信，以此来澄清伊丽莎白对自己的偏见和误解。
该信的出现是整个小说的高潮部分，起着至关重要的作用。
达西借这封信向伊丽莎白说明了自己家与韦翰家的渊源，以及与韦翰的恩恩怨怨，同时也向伊丽莎白说明了自己阻挠宾利与简的原因。
这封信使伊丽莎白开始从不同的角度看待达西，为她与达西日后的感情发展创设了契机。
可以说这封信是整部小说的转折点，对整部小说起到了承上启下的作用。
二、该信展现主人公的性格特征从小说前半部分的叙述可以看出来，达西是出身于当时上流社会的达官贵人家庭。
以达西为代表的上层社会人士，着装高雅，举止礼貌，表情忧郁，沉默少语，冷淡刻薄。
他们天生有种优越感，瞧不起中产阶级。
尤其是在第一次舞会上，达西自视甚高、傲慢无礼。
在这封辩解信中他说道：“至于说到他们俩这一门婚姻，我所以要反对，还不光光是为了这些理由，因为关于门户高低的问题，我朋友并不像我那么重视。
我所以反对这门婚姻，还有别的一些叫人嫌忌的原因……。
你三个妹妹都是始终一贯地做出许多没有体统的事情来，有时候甚至连你父亲也难免”（王科一，2006：112-115）。
可以看出，虽然伊丽莎白对达西有诸多误会，但达西本身就存有所谓上层人士的一些弊病，絕非伊丽莎白冤枉了他。
从中我们可以看出虽然达西傲慢、刻薄、清高，但他能时刻为朋友着想，也能在伊丽莎白指出自己的不足时认真反思，而且与宾利的犹豫不决、不能确定自己和简的爱情相比，达西是个有主见、信念坚定的人。
对于伊丽莎白误会达西毁了韦翰前程这件事，达西对此作了解释。
他向伊丽莎白道出了与韦翰的恩恩怨怨，同时也是向读者来说明这其中深藏的渊源和背景，让读者了解到韦翰的真实人品。
韦翰在老达西在世时一直表里不一，甚至为了得到达西家的财产诱骗达西十五岁的妹妹私奔。
当读者和伊丽莎白读到这里时便可看清韦翰贪婪无耻的嘴脸，伊丽莎白读到这些时很是吃惊，不愿相信这是真的，但看到达西可以请菲兹威廉上校来为其作证时，她又放下疑惑去相信达西所讲的一切。
这从侧面显示出伊丽莎白是一个颇具理性的人，不会因为达西的三言两语就轻信他或否决韦翰，也让伊丽莎白意识到自己当初对达西充满了误解和偏见。
三、该信提供多样的叙事视角同一件事用不同的人称具有不同的效果。
小说通常会采用第一人称或第三人称，往往第一人称会给读者主观的真实感，让读者感觉像发生在自己身上一样，第三人称则会让读者感到客观性。
不同视角给读者带来不同的视角，而不同视角的转换也会使小说更加立体。
同一部小说里作者为了使读者明白小说情节就要不断转换视角，但不可能反复转换，而在小说中穿插的书信就能轻而易举的实现各种视角的转换。
本文要探讨的信件是达西写给伊丽莎白的，因此是以达西的第三人称口吻向伊丽莎白和读者讲述。
当我们读这封信时会发现自己有时变成了写信者，有时又变成了伊丽莎白。
读者的感情会在这两个人物之间来回跳跃，与小说中人物的感情相互融合。
四、该信的翻译策略分析与两个汉译本比较翻译可以分为两大类型：归化和异化。
归化就是让翻译的文本尽可能与目的语文化、习俗靠近或者一致。
与归化相对应的异化指的是翻译的文本更接近源语言文化传统。
而翻译界一直以来都有该归化还是异化之争。
接下来以王科一先生和孙致礼先生的译本为依托，探讨该信在翻译策略上的异同。
王科一主张归化的译法，认为译文应简洁明了、生动形象，并在原文的基础上使目的语读者更准确清晰的阅读。
而孙致礼则是异化派，认为在进行文学翻译时，应将原文逐字逐句的翻译下来，并将英语的语法顺序准确的转换成中文的语法顺序，这样才能准确清楚的展现原文字、词、句的原意和深层含义，才能精准的把握文章特点。
例1：But I demand it of your justice.孙译：但我要求你公正的读读这封信。
王译：可是我要求你心平气和一些。
从形式上看，两者都与原文保持了一致。
从内容上看孙将这句译为“但我要求你公正的读读这封信”，把“justice”译为“公正”更符合原文的意思，而且显得语气强硬，更符合达西傲慢的性格，也更加反映出当时达西被伊丽莎白误会，想解释这一切的迫切心情。
而王译“可是我要求你心平气和一些”则语气稍弱一些，将“justice”译为“心平气和”这句和原文本并不贴切，无法准确刻画出人物的性格和心理。
从此看孙译使读者更好的理解小说人物和原著，真正传达了原文的意思和神韵。
例2：With respect to that other， more weighty accusation， of having injured Mr.Wickham，I can only refute it by laying before you the whole of his connection with my family.Of what he has particularly accused me，I am ignorant;孫译：那另外一桩更重的罪名，说我亏待了威克姆先生，我只有一个办法加以驳斥：向你和盘托出他与我家的关系。
我不知到他是怎么编派我的;王译：现在再谈另外一件更重的罪名：毁损了韦翰先生的前途。
关于这件事，我唯一的驳斥办法，只有把他和我家的关系全部说给你听，请你评判一下其中的是非曲直。
我不知道他特别指责我的是哪一点;译文是否能忠实传达原文的形式和内涵，会影响读者对原著和作者语言风格的理解。
从上例可以看出，两位译者对原文的形式都做了改变，都用原文中没有的冒号引出达西接下来要说的话。
而且，两个译本相比的话孙译更忠实于原文。
王译中“请你评判一下其中的是非曲直”在原文本中并没有体现，而是译者增译的。
孙译中“编派我”一词用的很地道，很有中国特色。
不得不承认孙译采用异化的翻译策略，使读者对文章理解更加透彻，有很多精彩之处。
例3：And after stating her imprudence，I am happy to add that I owed the knowledge of it to herself.孙译：说明了她的鲁莽大胆之后，我要高兴地添一句：还是她亲口告诉了我这件事。
王译：她虽然糊涂胆大，可是总算幸亏她亲口把这件事告诉了我。
笔者译：虽然她糊涂大胆，幸亏后来亲自告诉了我实情。
孙译把前半句翻译成“说明了她的鲁莽大胆之后，我要高兴地添一句”稍显死板，不太符合中国人的说话习惯。
而王译“她虽然糊涂胆大，可是总算幸亏她亲口把这件事告诉了我”简单明了，没有刻板按照原文的语法句式翻译。
然而，笔者觉得王译还是略有累赘，不够简洁。
“总算”表示经过相当长的时间基本上还可以或大体上还过得去，而“幸亏”表示由于别人的帮助或某些有利条件而得到了好处或避免了不愿发生的后果。
把“总算”去掉，调整一下语序更符合汉语表达。
翻译文章时，不能只采用归化或异化。
只有灵活运用，采取异化为主，归化为辅，两者结合的方法。
这样才能使译文自然易懂，又不刻板、拘泥于原著的形式。
五、结语通过《傲慢与偏见》中达西写给伊丽莎白的信，我们了解到书信在小说中的作用，在翻译中应采用异化为主，归化为辅，两者结合的方法才能得出好的译文，又不致失去原著风采。
参考文献：[1]Jane，Austen.Pride and Prejudice[M].北京：中央编译出版社，2008.[2]耿妍.《傲慢与偏见》中最重要的一封信[J].2014.[3]李英杰，刘花.文学翻译中原文审美价值的实现[J].新乡教育学院学报，2006：3.[4]马林.论《傲慢与偏见》作品翻译中蕴含的审美价值[J].2015.[5]孙致礼.傲慢与偏见[M].北京：译林出版社.1990.[6]王科一.傲慢与偏见[M].上海：上海译文出版社，2006.[7]张亚东.傲慢与偏见（书前言），2006：6.[8]赵星.《傲慢与偏见》中书信的艺术价值[J].理论导刊，2008 （1）：126-128.。