2015年首都师范大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题,考研经验,考研大纲,考研信息,考研参考书

2015年首都师范大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题一．英译汉特色词（10个）legal codeHypertextThe Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Spheremortgage loan,secured loanhistorical materialismbuddhist scriptures......二．汉译英特色词（20个）八国联军半封建社会春运大病统筹大办宴席澳门特别行政区基本法文化主旋律文化产业三．篇章翻译：英译汉（2篇）汉译英（2篇）翻译硕士词汇辨析2amend v.(正式用语)指修改文件、法律、规范等。

The politicians amended the law to provide more jobs.政治家们修正了这项法律以提供更多的就业。

convert v.改变某事物的形式或用途，还可以指改变信仰尤其是宗教信仰。

Britain converted to a decimal currency system in1971.英国于1971年改用十进制货币体系。

He's converted to Catholicism.他已经皈依天主教。

alter v.使事物在外观、性质、用途等方面稍作改变。

The tailor altered the waistband on my pants because it was too tight..裁缝修改了我的裤腰因为它太紧了。

modify v.改变，修改，以使某物更趋完善，还可以用来表示态度、脾气、意见变得温和。

He was loud and angry,and his friends told him to modify his behavior.他粗声大气，脾气暴躁；朋友们告诉他要改变自己的举止。

transform v.指彻底、深远的改变，这种变化完全改变了外观或特性，使被改变的对象脱胎换骨。

Remodeling transformed an old,dark houses into so cheerful one.重新装修使这所陈旧昏暗的房子变得赏心悦目。

vary v.强调没有一定规则、陆续的变化或差异。

Air fares vary from one airline to another.航空公司的机票价格各不相同。

acute,critical,crucial,urgentacute,critical,crucial,urgent这一组形容词都有“严重的，重要的”意思。

acute a.剧烈的，严重的；急性的(病)。

An acute lack of food brought hunger to the Iraqi people.食品严重缺乏，伊拉克人民正在忍饥挨饿。

critical a.意为“关键的”，表示处于极度缺乏的状态或事件的转折点，与crucial相似。

与crucial的区别在于它对缺乏的或危急的程度有更准确的衡量；还指“批判性的，分析性的”。

It is critical that you study hard for the exam or you will fail it.为了考好你必须用功学习，否则你会不及格的。

crucial a.意为“决定性的，紧要关头的，至关重要的”，最为笼统，适用于上述两种情况。

Improved consumer confidence is crucial to an economic recovery.消费者信心的增强对经济的复苏是至关重要的。

urgent a.意为“紧迫的，急迫的，紧要的”，它不强调所指的问题是最重要的，仅强调“紧急的”状态。

We have an urgent need for help;we are running out of water.我们急需要帮助，我们的水就快要用光了。

He was urgent in his demands.他的要求很迫切。

Some urgent business took me away from Shanghai.有些紧急事务使我离开上海。

How fast can you post to the port with this urgent message?你带着这份紧急信件能有多快通过驿站到达港口?acquire,attain,obtain,gain,earn,achieve,secureacquire,attain,obtain,gain,earn,achieve,secure这一组动词都有“获得，取得”的意思，在考研和CET-6当中屡次出现它们之间的辨析。

acquire v.多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于对财物等的获得，该词强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。

It is through learning that the individual acquires many habitual ways of reacting to situations.正是通过学习，个人才得以获得应付各种情况的习惯做法。

attain v.指经过不懈的努力获得未曾预料到的结果；也可指达到某一目标。

The salesperson attained his sales goal for the month.这名销售员完成了当月的销售目标。

obtain v.获得，买到，用于正式语体中。

He obtained the property with a bank loan.他通过向银行贷款买下了那份房产。

gain v.指通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。

An investor gains by buying stocks that go up in value.投资者通过所买股票价格上涨而得利润。

earn v.挣得，赢得，指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。

How much do you earn a week?你一星期挣多少钱？achieve v.得到，获得，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。

The movie star achieved success and wealth.这个影星取得了成功和财富。

secure v.得到；把……拿到手，含有肯定占有难以得到的东西之意；使安全，保卫；作形容词比较常见，意为“安全的”。

A million signatures have been secured.已征集到了100万人的签名。

He secured the office before leaving it for the night.他晚上离开前锁好了办公室的门窗。

accuse,chargeaccuse,charge两个动词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。

accuse v.指控，控诉，与介词of连用。

The police accused him of theft.警察指控他犯有盗窃罪。

Perhaps,because there is simply nothing to accuse him of?或许，其实只是因为没有名目可以用来指控他？I had no one to point at.Certainly not my parents,because I had nothing to accuse them of.我没有可以指责的人。

当然不会是我们的父母，因为我对他们没什么可谴责的。

We accuse China of selling us cheap this and cheap that,and most of all,we are angry at China for selling us its cheap currency,called renminbi,or yuan.我们指责中国向我们出售这个或那个廉价商品，最重要的是，我们对中国向我们出售廉价货币（人民币或元）而感到气愤。

charge v.可以指因为小错而受的责备，也指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。

The police charged him with murder.警察指控他犯了谋杀罪。

She had to retract her charge.她只好撤回她的控告。

He denied the charge to the court.他向法庭否认对他的控告。

They do not charge at all for their services.他们的服务概不收费。

accomplishment,attainment,achievementaccomplishment,attainment,achievement这三个名词都有“成就”的意思。

accomplishment n.成功，成就；才艺，修养。

Climbing that high mountain was an accomplishment for the hikers.对于登山运动员来说，爬上了那座山就是成功。

Being able to paint well is just one of her accomplishments.画画得好只是她的许多才能之一。

attainment n.指学识和造诣(常用作复数)；达到，到达。

a scholar of the highest attainments造诣极高的学者achievement n.可指抽象的“成就”，或具体的“成绩”，与accomplishment是同义词。

He rated the achievement high.他高度评价了这一成就。

This achievement is surely unprecedented.这成就确实是空前的。

The scientist thirsts after an achievement.这名科学家渴望取得成就。

access,assessaccess,assess这两个词为一组“形近易混词”。

access n.接近，进入。

The people living in these apartments have free access to that swimming pool.住在这些公寓里的人可以免费地进入游泳池。

So how do you access it?那么如何访问连接池？You can turn on and off access to any of these groups.您可以打开或关闭对任何这些组的访问。

Regardless of where we are and what we are doing,we want access to our data.不管我们身在何处、在做什么，我们都想要访问到我们的数据。