国际经济学课件 萨尔瓦多 Chp-1

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国际经济学英文课件(萨尔瓦多第十版)ch

国际经济学英文课件(萨尔瓦多第十版)ch
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International investment and multinational corporations
International investment environment
Political environment: stability, policies, and regulations that affect foreign investment.
New trade theory departs from the assumption of perfect competition and focuses on the role of increasing returns to scale and monopolistic competition.
Classical trade theory posits that specialization in production based on comparative advantage results in increased production and consumption in all countries.
关税是一种税收,由政府对进口商品征收,以增加进口成本并保护国内产业。
关税定义
关税种类
关税作用
包括基本关税、附加关税、反倾销关税和报复性关税等。
通过提高进口商品价格,降低国内市场的竞争压力,保护国内产业和就业。
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02
01
出口补贴是指政府给予出口企业的财政补贴,以降低出口成本,增加出口量。
出口补贴定义
Balance of trade
The balance of trade is a crucial component of the international balance of payments. It measures the value of a country's exports minus the value of its imports. A positive balance of trade indicates that a country is exporting more goods and services than it is importing, while a negative balance of trade indicates the opposite.

国际经济学英文课件(萨尔瓦多第十版)ch02

国际经济学英文课件(萨尔瓦多第十版)ch02

The Mercantilists’ Views on Trade
Mercantilists measured wealth of a nation by stock of precious metals it possessed.
Today, we measure wealth of a nation by its stock of human, man-made and natural resources available for producing goods and services.
Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith
A nation has absolute advantage over another nation if it can produce a commodity more efficiently.
When one nation has absolute advantage in production of a commodity, but an absolute disadvantage with respect to the other nation in a second commodity, both nations can gain by specializing in their absolute advantage good and exchanging part of the output for the commodity of its absolute disadvantage.
CHAPTER T W O
2 International Economics Tenth Edition

国际经济学(萨尔瓦多)第10版中文完整ppt课件

国际经济学(萨尔瓦多)第10版中文完整ppt课件

2021/5/10
完整最新ppt
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国际贸易纯理论
供给方因素 (成本)
技术 要素禀赋 生产规模
国际贸易
价格差异
贸易 贸易 福利 基础 模式 效应
需求因素 市场结构及其它因素
收入 偏好 文化、传统等 垄断竞争 寡头市场
图示:国际贸易纯理论基本研究内容及思路
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国际贸易理论
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主要内容
一、微观国际经济理论
国际贸易纯理论 国际贸易政策
二、宏观国际经济理论
外汇理论与政策 国际收支调整理论与政策 内外平衡政策
三、生产要素的国际流动 四、国际经济协调
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国际贸易纯理论的几个关键问题
各国为什么参与国际贸易? 国际贸易的基础是什么? 贸易模式的形成及变动 国际贸易的影响
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重商主义 The Mercantilist Views on Trade
背景 a. 1600至1800年之间,重商主义思想流行于大
部分西欧国家,如西班牙、荷兰、英国和法 国; b. 利用国家干预和保护主义政策促进经济繁荣 ; c. 主要代表人物:Thomas Mann(英)等
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4、分工的原由
人类特有的倾向 不同交易主体的差异性及差异的内生性
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5、分工和交换
分工的好处和利益必须通过交换来实现; 市场机制是决定分工模式和实现分工利益的最
有效的机制; 国际分工意味着在更大范围内实现生产的专业

《国际经济学》(全套课件218P).ppt

《国际经济学》(全套课件218P).ppt

贸易保护主义案例
4、韩美牛肉风波
2003年,因美国发生疯牛病,韩国宣布禁止进口美国牛 肉。2008年4月,为推动韩美签署自由贸易协定,韩美达 成放宽进口美国牛肉的协议。这一协议在韩国遭到强烈抗 议和抵制,6月10日,约100万韩国人在首尔街头集会,抗 议政府进口美国牛肉。19日,韩国总统李明博向韩国国民 道歉。分析人士认为,韩美“牛肉风波”是传统的经济民 族主义与全球自由贸易发展趋势之间的一次强烈碰撞和较 量。韩国经济研究院的分析报告显示,“牛肉风波”不仅 给韩美两国带来了严重的政治危机,同时带来了高达25亿 美元的经济损失。
2020/7/25
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国际贸易政策的历史演变
重商主义——资本主义原始积累阶段
主张采取严厉的贸易保护措施。
自由贸易和保护贸易政策——资本主义自由竞争阶段
由于各国工业发展水平不同,采取不同的对外贸易政策。
超保护贸易政策——资本主义垄断阶段
带有明显的侵略性与扩张性
贸易自由化——二战后到20世纪70年代
第2部分
国际贸易政策
自由贸易已被证明对全球经济是有利的,但从来没有 人证明过自由贸易对一个国家而言也是最好的经济政策.
Tibor de Scitovszky , 1924年
在国际贸易问题上,人们似乎都习惯于不理睬经济学 家的忠告/建议.经济学们都几乎无一例外的站在了反对 贸易保护的立场上……而近年来美国贸易保护势力的抬 头……更凸现出了经济学家不具备对贸易政策的政治影 响力.
战后经济复苏,放宽了进口限制。
新贸易保护主义——20世纪70年代以后
危机出现新的保护需求,形成连锁反应。
2020/7/25
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发达国家对外贸易政策的趋势
管理贸易成为主导内容

国际经济学chpt.ppt

国际经济学chpt.ppt
mercantilism :认为金银或货币是财富的 唯一形式,一国握有货币的数量代表着 该国的富裕程度,而对外贸易是获取额 外贵金属或货币的主要源泉,是增加一 国财富的重要途径。
早期重商主义(15世纪到16世纪):其代表 人物为英国人威廉·斯塔福。强调绝对的 贸易顺差,禁止贵重金属外流。称为 “重金主义”或“货币差额论”;
贸易利益
假设两国按1:1的国际比价进行交换,那 么,中国用放弃1蒲式耳小麦生产的劳动 所生产出的棉布(2匹)与美国交换,可 得到2蒲式耳小麦,多获得1蒲式耳小麦。 同样,美国用放弃1匹布生产的劳动所生 产出的小麦(3/2蒲式耳)与中国交换, 可多获得1/2匹布。
所以,根据比较优势分工与贸易是可行的.
动,但在两个国家之间不流动; (4)生产要素得到充分利用; (5)规模报酬不变,即单位产品的生产成本
不因产量增加而发生变化; (6)不考虑运输成本和其他交易成本; (7)产品市场和要素市场完全竞争; (8)两国的消费者偏好相同。
二、比较优势理论的数例说明
以放弃1个单位处于比较劣势的部门生产为例,说明专业 化分工后的净效果。
但仍存在严重的缺陷: 假设过于苛刻;没有 进一步解释造成各国劳动生产差异的原因 ;
现实中难以找到一个国家在国际贸易中进行 完全专业化生产。同时,也有其不能解释的 情况。例如:
如果出现如下情形:
小麦
中国
1
美国
2
两国会分工和贸易?
棉布 2 4
第3节 比较优势理论的扩展
后来经济学家力图在更接近现实世界的 基础上,来研究和检验比较优势理论适 用性和普遍性。
则可以判断多国比较优势:
PW /PC=1时,A国出口小麦,C国出口棉布,B国无套 利
三、考虑运输成本的比较优势

萨尔瓦多国际经济学英文ch ppt课件

萨尔瓦多国际经济学英文ch ppt课件
Equal to 1 = change in exchange rate leaves balance of payments unchanged.
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
before placing new orders. 5. Production lag to change output mix resulting from
price changes.
Salvatore: 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Domestic Prices and the Terms of Sale
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
FIGURE 16-4 The Identification Problem.
Elasticities in the Real World
Junz and Rhomberg (1973) identified five possible lags in quantity responses to price changes in international trade:
Depreciation of the currency increases prices of both exports and imports in terms of domestic currency.

国际经济学英文课件萨尔瓦多第十版ch01

国际经济学英文课件萨尔瓦多第十版ch01
volume of trade between them is expected to be.
也就是说,两个国家GDP越大、距离越近, 则预期两国贸易额越大
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A globalizing world provides opportunities and challenges to nations and people in the world. 世界正在迅速全球化,这给全世界的国家和人 民带来了很多机遇,也带了巨大的挑战。
Flow of goods and services Flow of labor and jobs Flow of financial instruments, currency
大多数国家积极参与
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Globalization of the World Economy
Anti-Globalization Movement 反全球化运动
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Much larger for smaller industrial and developing countries than for United States
International Trade and the Nation’s Standard of Living

萨尔瓦多的《国际经济学基础》ppt(dominick salvatore)

萨尔瓦多的《国际经济学基础》ppt(dominick salvatore)
– A key issue – its not just imports! – Its also not just for consumers! – Services, not just goods!
• Lloyd’s of London
Dale R. DeBoer University of Colorado, Colorado Springs
An Introduction to International Economics
Chapter 1: Introduction
Dominick Salvatore John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Dale R. DeBoer University of Colorado, Colorado Springs
1-5
What is International Economics?
• International trade in goods and services
– – – – A key issue – its not just imports! Its also not just for consumers! Services, not just goods! International trade is expanding
1-2
What is International Economics?
• International trade in goods and services
– A key issue – its not just imports!
• Exports of Boeing Aircraft • Exports of Microsoft Software
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国际经济学中外文期刊
1. International Economic Review. 2. Journal of International Economics. 3. International Review of Economics & Finance. 4. Journal of International Business Studies. 5. 经济研究、世界经济、经济学季刊、世界经济文汇、国际贸易、国际贸易问 题、对外经贸实务等期刊杂志;China Daily、中国经营报,etc
International Trade Policy
Hongguang Sui School of Economics Shandong Univerational Economics 4. The
Structure of This Book
International trade issues Part I: International Trade Theory (Chapter 2—Chapter 7) Part II: International Trade Policy (Chapter 8—Chapter 12) International monetary issues Part III: Balance of Payments and Exchange Rates (Chapter 13
Hongguang Sui School of Economics Shandong University
1-3
International Economics
Dr. Dominick Salvatore Professor at Fordham University of New York City
2. Development
International economics has enjoyed a long, continuous, and rich development over the past two centuries.
Adam Smith Marshall
David
Ricardo
International Trade Theory
Basis: The forces that give rise to trade between nations. Gains: Increase in consumption from specialization.
Balance of Payments; Foreign Exchange Markets; Open-economy macroeconomics.
1-1
International Economics
国际经济学参考书目
1. Dominick Salvatore, 《国际经济学》 (第十版) ,清华大学出版社,2011 年出版。 2. Paul R . Krugman《国际经济学》,中国人民大学出版社,1998 年版。 3. Paul R . Krugman and Maurice Obstfeld, 《国际经济学:理论与政策》 (第八 版) (国际贸易部分),中国人民大学出版社,2011 出版。 4. Thomas A.Pugel and Peter.H.Lindert, 《国际经济学》 (第 11 版) ,经济科学出 版社,2001 年 7 月版。 5. Robert J.Carbaugh, 《国际经济学》 (第十版),中国人民大学出版社,2009 年出版。 6. Dennis R.Appleyard, Alfred J.Field.JR., and Steven L.Cobb, 《国际经济学》 (国 际贸易部分) ,机械工业出版社,2011 年出版。
Hongguang Sui School of Economics Shandong University
1-9
International Economics
Capital and Labor Flow between Courntries
Hongguang Sui School of Economics Shandong University
1-10
International Economics
Opening of the Currency and Capital Market
Hongguang Sui School of Economics Shandong University
1-11
International Economics
International Economics
Examines the reasons for and the effects of trade restrictions and new protectionism.
International Finance
Tariff, Technical barriers, Import Licensing, Rules of origin, Quotas, Environment Standard, anti-dumping, countervailing duties, Voluntary Export Restraints,
Hongguang Sui School of Economics Shandong University 1-5
International Economics
Introduction
The Subject matter of International Economics Importance of Globalization Trade and Nation's Standard of Living Current International Economic Problems
Hongguang Sui School of Economics Shandong University
1-15
International Economics
6. Assumptions
Two-nation, No No
two-commodity, two-factor world;
—Chapter 15)
Part
IV:
Open-Economy
Macroeconomics
and
The
International Monetary System (Chapter 16—Chapter 21)
Hongguang Sui School of Economics Shandong University
3. The Structure of International Economics
It analyzes the basis for and gains from trade; Focuses on the microeconomic aspects of the international economy
Hongguang Sui School of Economics Shandong University 1-4
International Economics
Advices on you
Not late or absent for class! Put off your cell phone or set it in a silent mode! Hand in homework in time and no copies!
Hongguang Sui School of Economics Shandong University
1-2
International Economics 7. W.Charles Sawyer and Richard L.Sprinkle, 《国际经济学》 (第三版),中国人 民大学出版社,2010 年出版。 8. Steven Husted, and Michael Melvin, 《国际经济学》 ,机械工业出版社,2011 年出版。
1-14
International Economics
5. Purpose to Study International Economics
To analyze the effect of the international flow of goods, services and factors of production on the welfare of domestic consumers. To examine or forecast how national policies directed at regulating these international flows affect domestic welfare. To predict and explain the economic events in the world, and understand what is going on in the world and their effects on the world economy.
Hongguang Sui School of Economics Shandong University
1-6
International Economics
1-1: The Subject matter of International Economics
1. Definition International economics deals with the economic and finance interdependence among nations. It analyzes the flow of goods, services, payments, and monies between a nation and the rest of the world, the policies directed at regulating these flows, and these effect on the nation’s welfare. Question: What are the differences between International Economics and World Economics?
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