英语单项填空答题技巧

高考单选题答题技巧

1．排除法

排除法是解选择类题型的最常见的方法，就是说，在审读题干时，首先排除在意义，语法要求上明显不合题目要求的选项，以便于我们集中精力，认真仔细地分析剩余的选项。例：---Are the two answers correct?

---No, ______ correct.

A. no one is

B. both are not

C. neither

D. either is not

解析：C 关键在“the two”, 故排除A，又因为回答是否定的，故排除B，D

2．简化法

命题者有意地在一个句子中间插入从句，插入语或附加的次要信息，造成主谓分离。解题时，如果将题干中的多余部分去掉，题干就会变得简单，答案也就可以迅速找到。例：A fast food restaurant is the place ______, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly.

A. which

B. where

C. there

D. what

解析：B可先划去just as the name suggests, 这样可清楚地看出空白线后是一个定语从句，应当用where(=in / at which) 引导该定语从句修饰先行词place.

3．找提示词法

（1）提示词

对有些题目来说，若能找准关键的提示词(如but, and, otherwise 等),题目就迎刃而解了。例：Don’t be discouraged. ______ things as they are and you will enjoy day of your life.

A. Taking

B. To take

C. Take

D. Taken

解析：C 关键词”and”，就可知道前句为祈使句，有一个and加祈使句的用法

（2）提示句

例：Shirley ______ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it.

A. has written

B. wrote

C. had written

D. was writing

解析：D 从后面的信息“but I don’t know whether she has finished it”可得知她当时正在写，有无完成还不知道。

（3）提示标点符号

例：_______ is known to everybody, the moon travel round the earth once every month.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

解析：B 这里的逗号“，”至关重要，它是非限制性定语从句的标志。如果去掉逗号换成that,则需要选it 了。

（4）语境提示

例：----Good morning, Grand Hotel.

--- Hello, I’d like to book a room for the nights of the 18th and 19th.

---_______.

A. What can I do for you?

B. Just a minute, please

C. What’s the matter?

D. At your service

解析：B 题干是宾馆服务员与预定房间者之间的电话对话。订房者说要预订一间房住两晚，若用A，C 两项回答，显然不妥。D 项的意思是”听您差遣”，“随时为您做事”，也不符合答语习惯。只有B项“稍等一下（这就办理）”合乎答语习惯。

4．补全法

有时为了使语言生动，自然，简洁，经常采用省略形式。解题时要尽可能把省略的部分补全，这有助于确定正确答案。

例：Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.

A. when taking

B. when taken

C. when to take

D. when to be taken

解析：B 题干的主语是drug,故应该选含有被动意义的词组，B项when taken是when it is taken 的省略形式，题干主线是“when it is taken, the drug has no side effect”。

5．还原法

高考中一些单项填空题的测试点本来十分简单，但命题者有意把题干复杂化，将其改写成一个少见或陌生的结构。对于这类题，考生可以反其道而行之，把题干还原成自己熟悉的结构，题目就变得简单了。

(1)将倒装句改成陈述句

例：Whom would you rather have ______ with you?

A. to go

B. go

C. gone

D. going

解析：B本题测试的知识点是have sb do sth.改题干为陈述句，就变成了you would rather have whom______ with you.

(2)将陈述句改为倒装句

我们首次接触时是一个倒装句，而命题者恰恰有意地使用陈述句来命题，题目便具有很大的迷惑性。

例：We had ______ left home than it began to rain.

A. no sooner

B. hardly

C. almost

D. nearly

解析：A “no sooner…than…”是一个大家十分熟悉的句型，一…就…，改写成倒装句型：“______ had we left home than it began to rain.”

（3）将疑问句改为陈述句

例：Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

A. he explained

B. what he explained

C. how he explained

D. why he explained

解析：A 把它变为陈述句为this is the reason ______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work.题干就很简单了

(4).将强调句改为陈述句

例：It was for this reason _______ his aunt moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.

A. which

B. why

C. that

D. how

解析：C 若把句子中it was …that去掉，句子依然完整，则是强调句。些题去掉it was …that 后，题干为His aunt moved out of New York and settled down in a small village for this reason,句子仍然完整，即断定为强调句。

（5）将被动改为主动

例：Tim should be made good use ______our lessons well.

A. learning

B. learned

C. of to learn

D. to learn

解析：C 变为陈述句为we should make good use_____ time ______ our lessons well.

6.排除母语干扰，注意英汉差异

考生应尽可能多地了解西方文化背景，风俗和思维习惯，避免汉语式的英语，要从英美人的习惯，习俗等出发确定最佳答案，而不是从语法分析来确定答案。

例：----I think you should phone Jonny and say sorry to her.

---______. It was her fault.

A. No way

B. Not possible

C. No chance

D. Not at al

解析：C