真题-英语翻译基础

【天津大学】翻译基础一、词条翻译（1分×30＝30分）福利彩票welfare lottery连环恐怖袭击案series of terrorist attacks零团费no charge tour按揭贷款mortgage loan mortgage finance一带一路the belt and road扶贫supporting the poor微商micro business西藏高原Tibet plateau真人秀reality show true man show增值税added value tax餐桌污染table pollution九二共识；1992 consensus保险索赔insurance claim insurance indemnity命运共同体community with a common future探月工程moon probe project lunar exploration program moon exploration projectCAT computer aid translation 计算机辅助翻译HIV human immunodeficiency virusCPA certificated public accountant注册会计师civilian property agent 民间财产代理人DOJ department of justice 司法部modern pentathlon 现代五项运动transit-trade 过境贸易转口贸易graffito pollution 涂写污染credit-card fraud 信用卡诈骗animated feature 最佳动画长片campus entrepreneurship校园创业inter-city commuter 城际列车social media whiz 社交媒体专家binge-watch煲剧刷剧。

二、翻译英译汉（60分）The living windmill is not only beautiful but romantic too: a willing, man-serving creature, yoked to the elements, a whirling monster, often a thing of terror. No one can stand very near the crashing sweeps of a windmill in half of a gale without a frightening of the hearta feeling comparable to that which comes from watching the waves break over a wall in a storm. And to be within the mill at such a time is to know something of sounds very sources; it is the cave of noise itself. No doubt there are dens of hammering energy which are more shattering, but the noise of a windmill is largely natural, the product of wood striving with the good sou-wester; it fills the ears rather than assaults them. The effect, moreover, is by no means lessened by the absence of the wind itself and the silent nonchalance of the miller and his man, who move about in the midst of this appalling racket with the quiet efficiency of vergers.In my mill, of course, there is no such uproar; nothing but the occasional shaking of thecross-pieces of the idle sails. Everything is still, and the pity of it is that everything is in almost perfect order for the days work. The mill one day?some score years agotwas full of life; the next, and ever after, mute and lifeless, like a stream frozen in a night or the palace in Tennysons ballad of the Sleeping Beauty. There is no decayt merely inanition. One or two of the apple-wood cogs have been broken from the great wheel; a few floor planks have been rotted; but that is all. A weeks overhauling would put everything right. But it will never come, and the cheerful winds that once were to drive a thousand English mills so happily now bustle over the Channel in vain. 附上译文，大家看着方便译文: 转动着的风车不仅看起来美丽，而且非常浪漫：一个受制于自然的魔力但情愿为人类服务的温顺家伙，一个飞舞旋转的怪物或者往往是一个使人惧怕的东西。

如果谁在风力正强的时候靠近一座风车轰鸣的翅膀，心里都会骤然紧张起来——那感觉就像人们在暴风雨中望见水浪冲击堤岸的情景一样。

而此时待在风车里边的话，就能对声音的来历有些体会，因为这里就是声音的洞穴。

当然有些孔洞中所发出的轰鸣声震耳欲聋，具有很大的威力，但风车的声音则大体来说是比较自然的，它们是木头与西南风搏斗时产生的，它充盈于人耳而不会震耳欲聋。

而且这种效果并不因为没有风或者磨坊主人及其佣人的淡漠而有所减弱，这些人即使是在震耳欲聋的喧闹之下，也总是一副文静态度，如同教堂管事人一般有条不紊地办事。

当然，我进入的磨坊并没有如此喧闹，我只是偶尔听到那些冷落的车翼上的横木几声摆动罢了，一切都是如此寂静。

更使人惆怅的是，一切又仿佛已完全就绪，就等着当天开工了。

这个风车以前——大约几十年前——也曾是生气勃勃的，但是从那以后，它就永归沉寂，毫无生气，就像一条溪流在夜里突然遭遇封冻，或者像丁尼逊《睡美人》诗中的宫殿那样寂寞。

这风车并没损坏——它只是失去了魂魄。

风车上几个苹果木的榫子已从轮机上脱落了，地板上的木条也有几根烂掉了，但也仅是如此而已。

只要一周的时间，就足以把这一切都修好。

但永远没有这种可能了。

因此，以前曾经使千千万万个英国风车一起欢舞的阵阵好风，而今也只能在英吉利海峡之上徒劳吹过。

英译汉……个人认为超级难，300多字，一共一页纸，个人表示根本没看懂。

汉译英（60分）第一篇:澳洲孩子在家上学最重要的问题是距离，许多孩子在路上花费几个小时的时间，他们住在偏远地区或是农场。

如果不去国办的寄宿学校上学，他们就只能在家学习。

为此政府提出了通过互联网和电脑教学的“空中学校”。

家长在家监督孩子上课，孩子的作业交给老师进行批改。

第二篇:这种农业模式经历了几千年风雨的洗礼，仍然在今天总有许多职能，养育今人。

农业创新和实践集聚了人们独立生活和发展的智慧，是农学家汲取古代农业知识的源泉，是至今都让人获益的农业文化遗产，更是处于世界经济大潮中的人们休憩的岛屿。

【复旦大学】一、C-E （完整版）尽管古人把书说成“浩如烟海”，但书的世界却是真正的“天涯若比邻”，这话绝不是唯心的比拟。

世界再大也没有阻隔。

佛说“三千大千世界”，可算大极了。

书的境地呢，“现在界”还加上“过去界”，也带上“未来界”，实在可以算是包罗万象，贯通三界。

而我们却可以足不出户，在这里随意阅历，随时拜师求教。

是谁说读书人目光短浅，不通人情，不关心世事呢！这里可得到丰富的经历，可认识各时各地、各种各样的人。

经常在书里“串门儿”，至少也可以脱去几分愚昧，多长几个心眼儿吧？可惜我们“串门”时“隐”而犹存“身”，毕竟只是凡胎俗骨。

我们没有如来的慧眼，把人世间几千年积累的智慧一览无余，只好时刻记住庄子“生也有涯而知也无涯”的名言。

我们只是朝生暮死的虫豸（还不是孙大圣毫毛变成的虫儿），钻入书中世界，这边爬爬，那边停停，有时遇到心仪的人，听到惬意的话，或者对心上悬挂的问题偶有所得，就好比开了心窍，乐以忘言。

这了“乐”和“追求享受”该不是一回事吧？（节选自杨绛《读书苦乐》）二、E-C （回忆版，有缺失&小错，欢迎补充指正）The rapid development of the technology has the important knockon effect on the audiovisual translation. New forms of translation are being created, two of which are fansubs and vedio games. Fansubs are (legally rather dubious) the practice of the ametur subtitles and distribution of film, TV series and other film extracts online. Fansubs are used for the mainly Japanese manga and animé. Fansubs are now being proliferated, due to the greater access to and affordibility of subtitle software. XX (2005) ...... of the addition of neologism and metalinguistic information ...... and the fact that little work has thus far been done in this area.Ametur translation is not confined to subbing -- Harry Potter series appeared in unauthoritive written translation in several languages as German, a collective of fans translated the fifth volume in less than forty-eight hours. A French translation led to the ametur translators of allegead branch copyright.Vedio game is a blend of subtitles translation and games localization. ....... subtitles, dubbing or both. Mangiron and O’Hagan (2006: 11) call this type of activity“game localization”, ...... renaming the elements and characters, using, and delibrate choice of the nonstandard dialects. Commenting on the American version of the game Final Fantasy, Mangiron and O’Hagan (ibid: 13) give the example of the weaponfūrinkazan?(comprising the Chinese characters‘wind’,‘forest’,‘fire’and‘mountain’) that, is translated by the more concise Conqueror; for humorous (and, we can say, stereotypical) effect, a Cockney London accent is added to the spee ch of the merchant O’aka, who speaks with standard accent in Japanese.兰州大学翻译英语基础：只有两道题，英汉互译，汉译英80分，英译汉70分。